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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Securing Wireless Communication Via Information-Theoretic Approaches: Innovative Schemes And Code Design Techniques, Morteza Shoushtari Jun 2023

Securing Wireless Communication Via Information-Theoretic Approaches: Innovative Schemes And Code Design Techniques, Morteza Shoushtari

Theses and Dissertations

Historically, wireless communication security solutions have heavily relied on computational methods, such as cryptographic algorithms implemented in the upper layers of the network stack. Although these methods have been effective, they may not always be sufficient to address all security threats. An alternative approach for achieving secure communication is the physical layer security approach, which utilizes the physical properties of the communication channel through appropriate coding and signal processing. The goal of this Ph.D. dissertation is to leverage the foundations of information-theoretic security to develop innovative and secure schemes, as well as code design techniques, that can enhance security and …

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Evaluating Parameter Uncertainty In Transportation Demand Models, Natalie Mae Gray Jun 2023

Evaluating Parameter Uncertainty In Transportation Demand Models, Natalie Mae Gray

Theses and Dissertations

The inherent uncertainty in travel forecasting models -- arising from errors in input data, parameter estimation, or model formulation -- is receiving increasing attention from the scholarly and practicing community. In this research, we investigate the variance in forecasted traffic volumes resulting from varying the mode and destination choice parameters in an advanced trip-based travel demand model. Using Latin hypercube sampling to construct several hundred combinations of parameters across the plausible parameter space, we introduce substantial changes to mode and destination choice logsums and probabilities. However, the aggregate effects of of these changes on forecasted traffic volumes is small, with …

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Evaluating Effects Of Urban Growth Within The Greater Salt Lake Area On Local Meteorological Conditions Using Urban Canopy Modeling, Corey L. Smithson Jun 2023

Evaluating Effects Of Urban Growth Within The Greater Salt Lake Area On Local Meteorological Conditions Using Urban Canopy Modeling, Corey L. Smithson

Theses and Dissertations

The increasing urbanization of the greater Salt Lake City area (GSLA) has contributed to the development of an urban canopy over this area. This canopy refers to the effects of building profiles, varying land surface properties and anthropogenic heating on local meteorological conditions including temperature, humidity, and wind velocity. Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) can be used to represent these characteristics on a mesoscale without needing to develop models accounting for effects of individual buildings. One method used to classify urban areas are Local Climate Zones (LCZs), which assign different properties to different types of urban areas. A baseline model that …

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Predictive Modeling The Impact Of Engineered Products In Dynamic Sociotechnical Systems: An Agent-Based Approach, Christopher S. Mabey Jun 2023

Predictive Modeling The Impact Of Engineered Products In Dynamic Sociotechnical Systems: An Agent-Based Approach, Christopher S. Mabey

Theses and Dissertations

The impact of engineered products is a topic of increasing concern in society. The impact of a product can fall into the categories of economic, environmental, or social impact; the last category is defined as the effect of a product on the daily lives of people. Design teams lack sufficient tools to help improve the impact of products and understand the impact of products at scale in society. This dissertation aims to provide insight and methods for improving the social, environmental, and economic impact of engineered products. The majority of the research focuses on the prediction of product impacts on …

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Design Of A Transparent Cryogenic Silicon Carbide Probe Card With Tungsten Probe Tips, Ryan Beazer Jun 2023

Design Of A Transparent Cryogenic Silicon Carbide Probe Card With Tungsten Probe Tips, Ryan Beazer

Theses and Dissertations

DoD EO/IR applications continue to push imaging technology. Next generation advances require new material systems, novel device structures, as well as the improvement and development of read out integrated circuits. The common methodology used to assess devices and materials is to process test chip structures and focal plane arrays. Test chips have advantages over focal plane arrays; such as, variable area and stand alone devices and can be measured as a function of bias and temperature; however, focal plane arrays are the heart of the imager, but are measured through the read out integrated circuits, which can add complexity to …

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Bringing The Analysis Of Electrodeposition Signals In Voltammetry Out Of The Shadows, Devin Rappleye, Ranon G. Fuller Jun 2023

Bringing The Analysis Of Electrodeposition Signals In Voltammetry Out Of The Shadows, Devin Rappleye, Ranon G. Fuller

Faculty Publications

Voltammetry studies of electrodeposition are growing rapidly. Yet, relations for the analysis of electrodeposition reactions in voltammetry remain relatively obscure in the literature. The existing cyclic and square wave voltammetry relations for electrodeposition and their limitations are discussed to increase awareness. A retrospective analysis is performed to demonstrate the impact of model selection in improving the analysis of electrodeposition behavior with voltammetric data. A repository for voltammetry models of electrodeposition is proposed to further increase familiarity and application of the most appropriate models, which would support a rapidly growing area of research and technological development.

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User Guide For Urban Canopy Modeling In Wrf. Version 1.0, Corey L. Smithson, Natalie J. White, Hans R. Klomp, Eric C. Monson, Bradley R. Adams Jun 2023

User Guide For Urban Canopy Modeling In Wrf. Version 1.0, Corey L. Smithson, Natalie J. White, Hans R. Klomp, Eric C. Monson, Bradley R. Adams

Faculty Publications

Researchers at Brigham Young University (BYU) have developed this guide for running a WRF simulation using a single layer urban canopy model (UCM). This was developed specifically for the Greater Salt Lake Area but is adaptable to other urban areas. This guide includes information on running WRF simulations to study theoretical urban growth scenarios.

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Vortex Particle Method For Electric Ducted Fan In Non-Axisymmetric Flow, Eduardo Alvarez, Cibin Joseph, Andrew Ning Jun 2023

Vortex Particle Method For Electric Ducted Fan In Non-Axisymmetric Flow, Eduardo Alvarez, Cibin Joseph, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

The vortex particle method has been reformulated in recent work as a large eddy simulation (LES) in a scheme that is both meshless and numerically stable, solving long-standing issues of numerical stability. In this study, we build upon this meshless LES scheme to create a simulation framework for electric ducted fans. This poses the challenge of introducing solid boundaries in the vorticity form of the Navier-Stokes equations without a mesh. Rotor blades are introduced in our computational domain through an actuator line model (ALM) following well-established practices for LES. A novel, vorticity-based, actuator surface model (ASM) is developed for the …

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Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation Inside Liquid Droplets, Rami Alhasan, Tanner A. Wilcoxson, Dakota S. Banks, Sion Jung, Douglas R. Tree Jun 2023

Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation Inside Liquid Droplets, Rami Alhasan, Tanner A. Wilcoxson, Dakota S. Banks, Sion Jung, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

Nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) is a popular method for creating polymeric particles with internal microstructure, but many fundamental questions remain surrounding the kinetics of the complex coupled mass transfer and phase separation processes. In this work, we use simulations of a phase-field model to examine how (i) finite domain boundaries of a polymer droplet and (ii) solvent/nonsolvent miscibility affect the NIPS process. To isolate the effects of phase separation kinetics and solvent/nonsolvent mass transfer on the NIPS process, we study two different cases. First, we investigate droplet concentrations that originate inside the two-phase region, where phase separation kinetics alone governs …

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Hierarchical, Porous Hydrogels Demonstrating Structurally Dependent Mechanical Properties, Elisabeth Lloyd, Rami Alhasan, Sujata Dhakal, Svetlana Morozova, Douglas R. Tree, Robert Hickey May 2023

Hierarchical, Porous Hydrogels Demonstrating Structurally Dependent Mechanical Properties, Elisabeth Lloyd, Rami Alhasan, Sujata Dhakal, Svetlana Morozova, Douglas R. Tree, Robert Hickey

Faculty Publications

While hierarchical ordering is a distinctive feature of natural tissues and is directly responsible for their diverse and unique properties, research efforts to synthesize biomaterials have primarily focused on using molecular-based approaches without considering multiscale structure. Here, we report a bottom-up self-assembly process to produce highly porous hydrogels that resemble natural tissues both structurally and mechanically. Randomly oriented, physically crosslinked nanostructured micelles form the walls of aligned, polymer-rich pore walls that surround water-rich cavities. Extremely soft elastic modulus (<  1 kPa), highly stretchability (greater than 12-times), strain-hardening, and completely reversible deformation result from the hierarchical structure. Independent control of nano and macroscales is realized through the combination of polymer macromolecular parameters and processing conditions, directly impacting the resulting phase behavior. Here, we demonstrate precise control of the material structure and structure orientation over many orders of magnitude (e.g., nm – µm), and reveal how the multiscale structure directly impacts mechanical properties.

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Morphogenetic Engineering Of Synthetic Protocell Systems, Qinyu Zhu May 2023

Morphogenetic Engineering Of Synthetic Protocell Systems, Qinyu Zhu

Theses and Dissertations

Observing and studying how life forms behave, i.e., their movement, adaptability, and so on, have enabled human beings to develop new technologies or optimize existing ones. One of the more noticeable phenomena in Nature is morphogenesis. Morphogenetic processes exist in different stages of biological development, from cellular division to tissue and organ formation. It is easy to observe shape development during mophogenesis due to emerging imaging techniques. However, it is hard to understand this process due to its complex organization, and the morphogenetic responses can be induced by a variety of chemicals or mechanical stresses and are subject to the …

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Methods For Designing Compact And Deployable Origami-Inspired Flat-Foldable Spacecraft Antennas And Other Systems, Collin Ryan Ynchausti May 2023

Methods For Designing Compact And Deployable Origami-Inspired Flat-Foldable Spacecraft Antennas And Other Systems, Collin Ryan Ynchausti

Theses and Dissertations

There are times when it is desirable for devices to be stowed compactly, ``transported'' to the location of their desired use, and then deployed to another stable shape or configuration to perform their designed function. Origami-based mechanisms are beneficial in these cases due to their compact, folded nature and large deployments. Unlike traditional mechanical design, compliant mechanism and origami-based design approaches inherently have coupled characteristics, creating complex design problems. The research presented here discusses metrics, methods, and designs to aid in the design of origami-adapted and compliant mechanisms, focusing on the design case of deployable space systems. First, the hexagonal …

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Design And Performance Of A Laboratory Scale Pressurized Oxy-Coal Reactor, Scott Gardner, Cody Carpenter, Jacob Tuia, Aaron Skousen, Dustin Badger, Sandra Thomas, Bradley R. Adams, Dale R. Tree, Andrew R. Fry May 2023

Design And Performance Of A Laboratory Scale Pressurized Oxy-Coal Reactor, Scott Gardner, Cody Carpenter, Jacob Tuia, Aaron Skousen, Dustin Badger, Sandra Thomas, Bradley R. Adams, Dale R. Tree, Andrew R. Fry

Faculty Publications

A pressurized oxy-coal (POC) reactor has been designed, built and tested to investigate key technologies related to oxy-coal combustion including a dry coal feed system, an oxy-coal burner, and a slagging ash management system. The coal feed system utilized a fluidized bed to convey pulverized coal with CO2 from a coal bed into the reactor. The reactor has diagnostic capabilities including optical access, embedded thermocouples, fuel and gas flow rates, exhaust gas analysis (CO2, CO, NO, O2) and heat flux. At 13.6 atm and a firing rate of 89 kWth a mean feed rate of 12.5 kg/h was …

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Thermal Atomization Of Impinging Drops On Superheated Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Eric Lee May 2023

Thermal Atomization Of Impinging Drops On Superheated Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Eric Lee

Theses and Dissertations

Drop impact on a surface has an effect on nearly every industry and this impact may have adverse effects if not controlled. Superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces have been created with the extreme ability to repel water. These surfaces exist in nature but may also be fabricated using modern techniques. This thesis explores heat transfer from these SH surfaces to drops impacting them. This thesis is devoted to increasing the breadth of knowledge of thermal atomization during drop impingement on superheated SH surfaces. When a water drop impinges vertically on a horizontal superheated surface, intense atomization can occur. The atomization is caused …

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Soft Robot Configuration Estimation: Towards Load-Agnostic Soft-Bodied Proprioception, Christian Peter Sorensen Apr 2023

Soft Robot Configuration Estimation: Towards Load-Agnostic Soft-Bodied Proprioception, Christian Peter Sorensen

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of the work described in this thesis is the development of a configuration estimation scheme for quasi soft-bodied robots, with the end goal being accurate soft-robot proprioception to enable robotic manipulation of unknown external loads. The first chapter introduces the problem and state-of-the-art modeling methods. The second chapter presents work we did building on previous research on a novel sensing scheme for soft-bodied robotic configuration estimation. The third chapter discusses the development of a geometric shape-sensing model based on overlapping tendon-length measurements. This model is geometrically exact for a body composed of two constant curvature segments in bending. …

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A Statistical Approach For Analyzing Expectations Alignment Between Design Teams And Their Project Stakeholders, Matthew Christian Goodson Apr 2023

A Statistical Approach For Analyzing Expectations Alignment Between Design Teams And Their Project Stakeholders, Matthew Christian Goodson

Theses and Dissertations

Successful project management requires continuous communication aligning the expectations between project stakeholders and the project team. Expectations include both product expectations (how the product will look, feel, and perform) and programmatic expectations (timelines, deliverables, expenditure of project resources). In order to make the most effective use of project resources throughout the life of the project, a process or tool for quickly aligning expectations as closely as possible should be employed early on in the project. Project management literature is lacking in tools for aligning expectations, and solutions and best practices need to be determined since the current best option is …

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Gradient-Based Optimization Of Highly Flexible Aeroelastic Structures, Taylor G. Mcdonnell Apr 2023

Gradient-Based Optimization Of Highly Flexible Aeroelastic Structures, Taylor G. Mcdonnell

Theses and Dissertations

Design optimization is a method that can be used to automate the design process to obtain better results. When applied to aeroelastic structures, design optimization often leads to the creation of highly flexible aeroelastic structures. There are, however, a number of conventional design procedures that must be modified when dealing with highly flexible aeroelastic structures. First, the deformed geometry must be the baseline for weight, structural, and stability analyses. Second, potential couplings between aeroelasticity and rigid-body dynamics must be considered. Third, dynamic analyses must be modified to handle large nonlinear displacements. These modifications to the conventional design process significantly increase …

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Perfusion Pressure-Flow Relationships In Synthetic Poroelastic Vocal Fold Models, Cooper B. Thacker Apr 2023

Perfusion Pressure-Flow Relationships In Synthetic Poroelastic Vocal Fold Models, Cooper B. Thacker

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to study perfusion pressure-flow relationships in self-oscillating synthetic poroelastic vocal fold (VF) models before, during, and after vibration. This was accomplished by developing a custom ultra-soft poroelastic material, incorporating the poroelastic material as the cover layer in a synthetic VF model, and studying the model vibratory response and the flow rate of fluid perfused through the cover layer while undergoing flow-induced vibration. The custom ultra-soft poroelastic material was developed using the method of direct templating with sucrose spheres as the sacrificial template and silicone as the infiltration medium. The average modulus of elasticity of …

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Factors That Influence The Recruitment And Retention Of Civil Engineers, Gina Young Souriac Apr 2023

Factors That Influence The Recruitment And Retention Of Civil Engineers, Gina Young Souriac

Theses and Dissertations

With a growing demand for civil engineers in the United States, understanding factors that influence students to choose civil engineering (CE) as a major in college, pursue an M.S. degree in CE, and persist in the CE industry can lead to valuable insights for recruitment and retention of future and current civil engineers. Additionally, understanding factors that prominently influence male and female civil engineers to persist in and depart from CE, separately, can lead to valuable insight towards improving focused recruitment and retention of both genders. This thesis includes three research studies that identify, analyze, and discuss these important factors. …

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Experimental Validation Of A Vibration-Based Sound Power Method, Trent P. Bates Apr 2023

Experimental Validation Of A Vibration-Based Sound Power Method, Trent P. Bates

Theses and Dissertations

A vibration-based sound power (VBSP) measurement method is appealing because of its potential versatility in application compared to pressure- and intensity-based methods. The VBSP method is based on the well-known elementary radiators approach and is reliant on the acoustic radiation resistance matrix. Previous research has developed and validated the VBSP method for flat plates and cylinders. This thesis details work on extending the VBSP method to arbitrarily-curved structures. The approach of computing surface normal velocities from 3D velocity data measured by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) is presented. This approach is validated with experimental sound power results of a …

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Exploring The Impact Of Hour Of Code On Students' Cs Interest And Perceptions, Jessica Marie Yauney Apr 2023

Exploring The Impact Of Hour Of Code On Students' Cs Interest And Perceptions, Jessica Marie Yauney

Theses and Dissertations

As the focus on computer science in K-12 classrooms grows, the 'Hour of Code' program has also grown. As Hour of Code is one of the largest educational campaigns, it is worth evaluation to ensure effects are well understood so that implementation can be made most effective. This research sought to better understand the impact of Hour of Code. This thesis presents findings from a systematic review and from a quasi-experimental study. A large number of research articles have been published on Hour of Code. Systematic review identified 64 papers including reports from experiments testing the efficacy of Hour of …

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Testing Methodologies And Results Of Radiation Induced Soft Errors For A Cots Sram, Fram, And Soc, Wesley Raymond Stirk Apr 2023

Testing Methodologies And Results Of Radiation Induced Soft Errors For A Cots Sram, Fram, And Soc, Wesley Raymond Stirk

Theses and Dissertations

Methods for testing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) digital devices at varying levels of complexity is presented and discussed as well as the results for testing a COTS SRAM, FRAM, and SoC using these methodologies in a pulsed dose rate environment at Little Mountain Test Facility (LMTF) and neutron testing at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). Investigations at LMTF revealed a dependence in all three devices on the integrated dose of a single pulse of radiation, implying that the duration of radiation plays a significant role in the response. The test infrastructure necessary to dynamically access an FRAM at LMTF and …

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Rfssw Behavior Prediction Using A Numerical Model, Evan Robert Berger Apr 2023

Rfssw Behavior Prediction Using A Numerical Model, Evan Robert Berger

Theses and Dissertations

A two-dimensional axisymmetric thermo-mechanical model of the Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW) process was developed and validated with experimental data. Welding temperatures, tool forces, and material flow including defect formation, were accurately predicted by the model. Qualified repair techniques are critical for successful implementation of a welding process for use on large weldments with a significant number of spot joints, and this work demonstrates a repair technique for RFSSW that is validated both experimentally and numerically. Repaired properties are shown to exceed 90% of the original mechanical properties of the RFSSW process. RFSSW has different process parameters for every …

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Semi-Differentiation Of Reversible, Soluble-Insoluble Potential Sweep Voltammograms, Tyler Williams, Ranon Fuller, Cameron Vann, Devin Rappleye Apr 2023

Semi-Differentiation Of Reversible, Soluble-Insoluble Potential Sweep Voltammograms, Tyler Williams, Ranon Fuller, Cameron Vann, Devin Rappleye

Faculty Publications

Semi-differentiation, or convolution as it is sometimes known, is a mathematical technique commonly used to disentangle overlapping peaks in cyclic or linear sweep voltammograms. However, this technique is often misapplied due to misunderstandings of fractional calculus. Additionally, rigorous treatment and validation of the theory of semi-differential analysis of reversible, soluble-insoluble electrochemical reactions is lacking. Peculiarities of semi-differentiation are explored; theoretical relations for semi-differentiated voltammograms are given; the exponential nature of the theoretical curve is explored; theoretical relations are compared to experimental voltammograms for AgNO3 in 1 M nitric acid at 298 K, NiCl2 in LiCl at 974 K, …

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Strength And Durability Of Plastic Clays Treated With Cement Or Lime, Tyler D. Mickelson Apr 2023

Strength And Durability Of Plastic Clays Treated With Cement Or Lime, Tyler D. Mickelson

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research was to compare the efficacy of portland cement to that of lime for improving the strength and durability of plastic clays. The scope of work associated with this research involved laboratory strength and durability testing of three plastic clays treated with portland cement or lime. To ensure a broad application of the work, the clays were obtained from three different regions of the United States, specifically from project sites near Bloomington, Indiana; San Antonio, Texas; and Monticello, Utah. Laboratory testing included evaluation of selected properties of the three clays in the untreated condition and in …

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Load-Deformation Behavior Of Tension-Only X-Brace Roof Truss Diaphragms, Benjamin Johnson Meek Apr 2023

Load-Deformation Behavior Of Tension-Only X-Brace Roof Truss Diaphragms, Benjamin Johnson Meek

Theses and Dissertations

The alternative seismic design provisions for diaphragms provided in ASCE 7-22 Minimum design loads and associated criteria for buildings and other structures Section 12.10.3 account for both diaphragm ductility and displacement capacity, producing more accurate design forces and decreased detailing when compared to conventional seismic design methods. However, the diaphragm design force reduction factor has not yet been determined for tension-only roof truss diaphragms, a common system used in metal buildings. In this study, experimental tests of two cantilevered diaphragm subassembly specimens with tension-only rod bracing were conducted to determine the load-deformation behavior of the system. The first specimen used …

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First Episodic Atmospheric Deposition Of Nutrients To Utah Lake: Statistical Analysis And Characterization, Cristian Alun Dorrett Apr 2023

First Episodic Atmospheric Deposition Of Nutrients To Utah Lake: Statistical Analysis And Characterization, Cristian Alun Dorrett

Theses and Dissertations

Atmospheric deposition (AD) is a significant but poorly understood source of nutrients to many aquatic systems around the world. Accurate characterization of the nutrient budgets of aquatic systems is critical to good management decisions, so a better understanding of AD-related nutrient loads is essential, especially for water bodies where nutrient loads from atmospheric deposition are significant. Due to its large surface area, proximity to Great Basin dust sources, high values of atmospheric particulates due to inversions, and the high phosphorus content of local soils, Utah Lake, in the semi-arid Utah Valley, USA, experiences significant phosphorus loading from AD. The lake …

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Simulations Of Electrode Heterogeneity And Design For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Amir Sina Hamedi Apr 2023

Simulations Of Electrode Heterogeneity And Design For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Amir Sina Hamedi

Theses and Dissertations

This work develops three models for simulation of the high-current operation of Li-ion batteries. Simulation as a tool can provide understanding beyond what experiments can offer. Different types of electrodes such as graphite, silicon, and NMC are modeled to study cell performance and aging under aggressive operating conditions. The first part of this work focuses on the effect of electrode microscale lateral heterogeneity on the degradation of conventional Li-ion batteries, especially for fast-charge applications. The non-uniform pore distribution leads to the nonuniform current density and state of charge (SoC), which can finally result in non-uniform Li plating and aging. The …

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Toward Automatically Composed Fpga-Optimized Robotic Systems Using High-Level Synthesis, Szu-Wei Lin Apr 2023

Toward Automatically Composed Fpga-Optimized Robotic Systems Using High-Level Synthesis, Szu-Wei Lin

Theses and Dissertations

Robotic systems are known to be computationally intensive. To improve performance, developers tend to implement custom robotic algorithms in hardware. However, a full robotic system typically consists of many interconnected algorithmic components that can easily max-out FPGA resources, thus requiring the designer to adjust each algorithm design for each new robotic systems in order to meet specific systems requirements and limited resources. Furthermore, manual development of digital circuitry using a hardware description language (HDL) such as verilog or VHDL, is error-prone, time consuming, and often takes months or years to develop and verify. Recent developments in high-level synthesis (HLS), enable …

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Permanent Passive Fire Protection Against Wildland-Urban Interface Fires, Makenzie Wilson Apr 2023

Permanent Passive Fire Protection Against Wildland-Urban Interface Fires, Makenzie Wilson

Theses and Dissertations

The average intensity and frequency of wildland fires have been on the rise over the years, leading to an increase in the risk to homes located in the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI). Fire suppression is the most used method of wildland fire control, but this suppression can cause wildland fires to become more frequent and devastating. Increased development in the WUI also puts these homes at greater risk. Current methods of passive fire protection are effective, but these methods are expensive, time consuming to set up, and not fully effective. This research proposes a permanent passive fire protection system that is …

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