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Articles 3991 - 4020 of 4850
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Spot Friction Welding Of Ultra High-Strength Automotive Sheet Steel, Jack H. Sederstrom
Spot Friction Welding Of Ultra High-Strength Automotive Sheet Steel, Jack H. Sederstrom
Theses and Dissertations
Spot friction welding (SFW) was performed on ultra high strength steel (UHSS) steel sheet commonly used in automobile manufacturing. Alloys studied included DP780, DP780EG, DP980, and DF140T sheet steel of varying thickness from 1.2 mm to 1.4 mm. Welding was accomplished using a PCBN standard tool. Weld strengths were then compared to a proposed AWS standard. Initial hardness readings were taken in cross sectioned samples. Grain structure in a SFW is presented. Resistance spot welds were created in three steels. This study focuses on the strength of SFW joints as compared to traditional resistance spot welding (RSW) in welding like …
Development Of An Efficient Solar Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle With An Onboard Solar Tracker, Troy Dixon Tegeder
Development Of An Efficient Solar Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle With An Onboard Solar Tracker, Troy Dixon Tegeder
Theses and Dissertations
Methods were developed for the design of a solar powered UAV capable of tracking the sun to achieve maximum solar energy capture. A single-axis solar tracking system was designed and constructed. This system autonomously rotated an onboard solar panel to find the angle of maximum solar irradiance while the UAV was airborne. A microcontroller was programmed and implemented to control the solar tracking system. A solar panel and an efficient airframe capable of housing the solar tracking system was designed and constructed. Each of these subsystems was tested individually with either ground or flight tests. Ultimately, the final assembled system …
Analysis Of Stacked Rotated Gratings, Gregory P. Nordin, P. C. Deguzman, J. Jiang
Analysis Of Stacked Rotated Gratings, Gregory P. Nordin, P. C. Deguzman, J. Jiang
Faculty Publications
We study the rigorous design and analysis of stacked rotated gratings (SRGs) for novel photonic devices. A concept of sampling frequency is proposed to systematically design SRGs. With the help of a rectangular sampling lattice, we extend the standard 3D rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) algorithm to the analysis of SRGs. The resultant SRG-RCWA algorithm can be used to exactly analyze SRGs that have grating parameters that match the Fourier expansion represented by the sampling lattice. SRGs that do not fall in this category can often still be closely approximated with our approach. The SRG-RCWA algorithm has been successfully applied to …
Circuit And Modeling Solutions For High-Speed Chip-To-Chip Communication, Timothy Mowry Hollis
Circuit And Modeling Solutions For High-Speed Chip-To-Chip Communication, Timothy Mowry Hollis
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents methods for modeling and mitigating voltage noise and timing jitter across high-speed chip-to-chip interconnects. Channel equalization and associated tuning schemes have been developed to target the distinct characteristics and signal degradation exhibited in the clock and data signals of multi-Gigabit/second digital communication links. Multiple methods for generating realistically degraded signals for the purpose of simulation are also presented and used to verify the proposed equalization and filtering topologies. Specifically, a new technique for modeling high-speed jittery clocks in the frequency domain is presented and shown to reduce transient simulation time and memory requirements, while simultaneously improving the …
Evaluating The Application Of Modularity To Reduce Market Risk In Technology Push Products, Aaron John Hopkinson
Evaluating The Application Of Modularity To Reduce Market Risk In Technology Push Products, Aaron John Hopkinson
Theses and Dissertations
Technology push product development presents a number of challenges over the more typical market pull product development. Despite these challenges, enough advantages exist to motivate firms to develop technology push products at greater risk. Modularity is a tool that can address some of these challenges. Currently most research and application of modularity have focused on market pull product development efforts. The research in this thesis explores the value of modularity in technology push product development through the development of methods and the analysis of 68 example products including 35 technology push products. A method has been developed for quantifying the …
The Role Of Ultrasound Cavitation In Liposome Size Reduction, William G. Pitt, Eric S. Richardson, Dixon J. Woodbury
The Role Of Ultrasound Cavitation In Liposome Size Reduction, William G. Pitt, Eric S. Richardson, Dixon J. Woodbury
Faculty Publications
Liposome size is a vital parameter of many quantitative biophysical studies. Sonication, or exposure to ultrasound, is used widely to manufacture artificial liposomes, yet little is known about the mechanism by which liposomes are affected by ultrasound. Cavitation, or the oscillation of small gas bubbles in a pressure-varying field, has been shown to be responsible for many biophysical effects of ultrasound on cells. Collapse cavitation is manifested in the acoustic spectrum by an f/2 subharmonic and an increase in broadband noise. In this study, we attempted to correlate the presence of cavitation with a decrease in liposome size. Lipid suspensions …
One-Dimensional Performance Modeling Of Centrifugal Flow Vaned Diffusers, Jamin J. Bitter
One-Dimensional Performance Modeling Of Centrifugal Flow Vaned Diffusers, Jamin J. Bitter
Theses and Dissertations
The Two Element in Series (TEIS) and Two Zone models stand out as powerful tools that enable deeper understanding of compressor stage designs after they have been tested. The insights gained from these investigations have aided in improving new stage designs. Up to now, it has only been possible to use the TEIS and Two Zone models for analysis of test data due to the inability to predict the four required input parameters for untested machines. Empirical models for the TEIS and Two Zone model input parameters, ETAa5, ETAb5, Chi5, and DELTA5p, for two different types of vaned diffusers, channel …
Reducing Power In Fpga Designs Through Glitch Reduction, Nathaniel Hatley Rollins
Reducing Power In Fpga Designs Through Glitch Reduction, Nathaniel Hatley Rollins
Theses and Dissertations
While FPGAs provide flexibility for performing high performance DSP functions, they consume a significant amount of power. Often, a large portion of the dynamic power is wasted on unproductive signal glitches. Reducing glitching reduces dynamic energy consumption. In this study, retiming is used to reduce the unproductive energy wasted in signal glitches. Retiming can reduce energy by up to 92%. Evaluating energy consumption is an important part of energy reduction. In this work, an activity rate-based power estimation tool is introduced to provide FPGA architecture independent energy estimations at the gate level. This tool can accurately estimate power consumption to …
A Coarse Grain Model For Dna, Thomas A. Knotts, Nitin Rathore, David C. Schwartz, Juan J. De Pablo
A Coarse Grain Model For Dna, Thomas A. Knotts, Nitin Rathore, David C. Schwartz, Juan J. De Pablo
Faculty Publications
Understanding the behavior of DNA at the molecular level is of considerable fundamental and engineering importance. While adequate representations of DNA exist at the atomic and continuum level, there is a relative lack of models capable of describing the behavior of DNA at mesoscopic length scales. We present a mesoscale model of DNA that reduces the complexity of a nucleotide to three interactions sites, one each for the phosphate, sugar, and base, thereby rendering the investigation of DNA up to a few microns in length computationally tractable. The charges on these sites are considered explicitly. The model is parametrized using …
Accurate Target Geolocation And Vision-Based Landing With Application To Search And Engage Missions For Miniature Air Vehicles, Duncan B. Barber
Accurate Target Geolocation And Vision-Based Landing With Application To Search And Engage Missions For Miniature Air Vehicles, Duncan B. Barber
Theses and Dissertations
Miniature air vehicles (MAVs) have attracted a large amount of interest recently both from the research community and from the public. New battery technologies as well as rapid developments in embedded processing and MEMS sensor technologies have greatly increased the potential of these vehicles. MAVs have been envisioned playing significant roles in both civil and military applications. Examples include: fire monitoring, search and rescue, traffic monitoring, crop monitoring, convoy protection, border surveillance, troop support, law enforcement, natural disaster relief, and aerial photography. The application of MAVs tends to center on the ability of the MAV to collect and deliver visual …
High Gain Low Power Operational Amplifier Design And Compensation Techniques, Lisha Li
High Gain Low Power Operational Amplifier Design And Compensation Techniques, Lisha Li
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation discusses and compares the existing compensation methods for operational amplifiers. It explores a method to stabilize the op amps without sacrificing bandwidth to the same degree that commonly used methods do. A creative design methodology combining intuition, mathematical analysis, and mixed level simulation is explored for the new compensation scheme. The mixed level approach, associating system level simulation for most circuits along with device level simulation for some critical analog circuit paths, is presented to verify the behavior of new design concepts in an effective way. This approach also provides sufficient accuracy to predict the circuit performance realistically. …
Tessellated Surface Machining, Jiewu Lu
Tessellated Surface Machining, Jiewu Lu
Theses and Dissertations
Sculptured surface machining (SSM) is the end milling of sculptured surfaces with multi-axis machine tools. SSM consists of the tessellated model machining (TMM) and the parametric model machining (PMM). The former is gaining more and more attention over the past decade because it offers many advantages over the latter. New methods for various machining stages of TMM are proposed in this dissertation. First, in the 5-axis finish machining stage, a 3-dimension Configuration-space (3D C-space) machining method is presented. Next, in clean-up machining stage, an effective and creative approach is introduced. Finally, a complete TMM system is developed. The TMM system …
Optical Emission Study Of Nonthermal Plasma Confirms Reaction Mechanisms Involving Neutral Rather Than Charged Species, Gui-Bing Zhao, Morris D. Argyle, Maciej Radosz
Optical Emission Study Of Nonthermal Plasma Confirms Reaction Mechanisms Involving Neutral Rather Than Charged Species, Gui-Bing Zhao, Morris D. Argyle, Maciej Radosz
Faculty Publications
Charge transfer reactions are commonly used to explain NOx conversion in nonthermal plasma. An analysis of optical emission spectra induced by pulsed corona discharge in NOx-containing argon suggests that, in fact, the contribution of charge transfer reactions to NOx conversion in nonthermal plasma is negligible. During electrical discharge in such gas mixtures, NO (B), an electronic excited state of NO formed due to the dissociative recombination reactions of NOx+ and N2O+ and the optical emission of NO (B) could be a proof that cations are responsible for NOx conversion. However, …
Modeling And Sensitivity Analysis Of Acoustic Release Of Doxorubicin From Unstabilized Pluronic P105 Using An Artificial Neural Network Model, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Nabil M. Abdel-Jabbar, Farouq S. Mjalli, William G. Pitt
Modeling And Sensitivity Analysis Of Acoustic Release Of Doxorubicin From Unstabilized Pluronic P105 Using An Artificial Neural Network Model, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Nabil M. Abdel-Jabbar, Farouq S. Mjalli, William G. Pitt
Faculty Publications
This paper models steady state acoustic release of Doxorubicin (Dox) from Pluronic P105micelles using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Previously collected release data werecompiled and used to train, validate, and test an ANN model. Sensitivity analysis was thenperformed on the following operating conditions: ultrasonic frequency, power density, Plu-ronic P105 concentration, and temperature. The model showed that drug release was mostefficient at lower frequencies. The analysis also demonstrated that release increases as thepower density increases. Sensitivity plots of ultrasound intensity revealed a drug releasethreshold of 0.015 W/cm2 and 0.38 W/cm2 at 20 and 70 kHz, respectively. The presence ofa power density threshold …
Effect Of Initial Surface Treatment Timing On Chloride Concentrations In Concrete Bridge Decks, Aimee Worthen Birdsall
Effect Of Initial Surface Treatment Timing On Chloride Concentrations In Concrete Bridge Decks, Aimee Worthen Birdsall
Theses and Dissertations
Bridge engineers and managers in coastal areas and cold regions frequently specify the application of surface treatments on concrete bridge decks as barriers against chloride ingress. In consideration of concrete cover thickness and the presence of stay-in-place metal forms (SIPMFs), the objective of this research was to determine the latest timing of initial surface treatment applications on concrete bridge decks subjected to external chloride loading before chlorides accumulate in sufficient quantities to initiate corrosion during the service life of the deck. Chloride concentration data for this research were collected from 12 concrete bridge decks located within the I-215 corridor in …
Frequency Response Of Solid-State Impact Ionization Multipliers, Joshua Beutler, Carlton S. Clauss, Michael S. Johnson, Aaron R. Hawkins, Mike D. Jack, George R. Chapman, Ken Kosai
Frequency Response Of Solid-State Impact Ionization Multipliers, Joshua Beutler, Carlton S. Clauss, Michael S. Johnson, Aaron R. Hawkins, Mike D. Jack, George R. Chapman, Ken Kosai
Faculty Publications
A study of the frequency response of solid-state impact ionization multipliers (SIMs) is presented that emphasizes the role of resistive and capacitive elements of the device to establish response limitations. SIMs are designed to amplify input currents from an external source through the impact ionization mechanism. An equivalent circuit model for the SIM is developed based on its current versus voltage characteristics, which is used to derive a frequency response model. Theoretical frequency response matches very closely to measured responses for first generation SIM devices constructed on p-type silicon epitaxial layers with nickel silicide Schottky contact injection points. Devices were …
An Investigation Of Methods To Homogeneously Entrain And Suspend Abrasive Particles In A Low Pressure Dental Water Jet, Michael Sean Grygla
An Investigation Of Methods To Homogeneously Entrain And Suspend Abrasive Particles In A Low Pressure Dental Water Jet, Michael Sean Grygla
Theses and Dissertations
During the past several decades, the water jet cutting concept has developed from a novel concept into a well-accepted machine cutting tool. With the addition of abrasive particles and the improvement of high pressure pumps, the water jet stream is currently capable of cutting through metal, concrete, and composite materials. Water jet systems have been utilized at a wide range of different pressures. Research performed at Brigham Young University has revealed that low pressure water jets have the ability to cut human teeth. Experiments have shown that when abrasive particles are added to the water jet stream, an greater amount …
An Improved Model For Calculating Heats Of Dilution And Equilibrium Constants For High Temperature Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions, Xiaoyun Lin
Theses and Dissertations
At high temperatures, the properties of aqueous electrolyte systems differ markedly from those at 25°C. For mixed-electrolyte dilute solutions at high temperatures, the degree of ion-association is sufficiently large that the association equilibrium must be incorporated in any model describing the solutions. These association reactions usually do not occur to a measurable extent at room temperature. Oscarson and co-workers have designed a correlation model based on the excess Gibbs energy which can correlate log K and ∆H values as well as the heats of dilution for aqueous electrolyte systems as a function of temperature (T) and ionic strength (I) from …
High-Frequency Ultrasound Drug Delivery And Cavitation, Mario Alfonso Diaz
High-Frequency Ultrasound Drug Delivery And Cavitation, Mario Alfonso Diaz
Theses and Dissertations
The viability of a drug delivery system which encapsulates chemotherapeutic drugs (Doxorubicin) in the hydrophobic core of polymeric micelles and triggers release by ultrasound application was investigated at an applied frequency of 500 kHz. The investigation also included elucidating the mechanism of drug release at 70 kHz, a frequency which had previously been shown to induce drug release. A fluorescence detection chamber was used to measure in vitro drug release from both Pluronic and stabilized micelles and a hydrophone was used to monitor bubble activity during the experiments. A threshold for release between 0.35 and 0.40 in mechanical index was …
A Numerical Vortex Approach To Aerodynamic Modeling Of Suav/Vtol Aircraft, Douglas F. Hunsaker
A Numerical Vortex Approach To Aerodynamic Modeling Of Suav/Vtol Aircraft, Douglas F. Hunsaker
Theses and Dissertations
A combined wing and propeller model is presented as a low-cost approach to preliminary modeling of slipstream effects on a finite wing. The wing aerodynamic model employs a numerical lifting-line method utilizing the 3D vortex lifting law along with known 2D airfoil data to predict the lift distribution across a wing for a prescribed upstream flowfield. The propeller/slipstream model uses blade element theory combined with momentum conservation equations. This model is expected to be of significant importance in the design of tail-sitter vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, where the propeller slipstream is the primary source of air flow past …
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling To Improve The Performance Of A Solar Co2 Converter, Thomas H. Fletcher, Ralph J. Price, Reed J. Jensen
Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling To Improve The Performance Of A Solar Co2 Converter, Thomas H. Fletcher, Ralph J. Price, Reed J. Jensen
Faculty Publications
A solar collector to convert CO2 to CO at high temperature was previously developed, achieving a product with 4-6 mol % CO from pure CO2. Modeling results showed that reactions occurred in the thermal boundary layer of the heated zirconia rod at temperatures greater than 2300 K. This paper describes results of computer modeling of advanced designs meant to increase the conversion of CO from CO2. Several design modifications were tested using the model, including changing the cool-down region configuration, increasing the zirconia rod diameter, and changing the zirconia rod shape. Several operational adjustments were also modeled, including reducing the …
Model Compound Study Of The Pathways For Aromatic Hydrocarbon Formation In Soot, Randall E. Winans, Nancy A. Tomczyk, Jerry E. Hunt, Mark S. Solum, Ronald J. Pugmire, Thomas H. Fletcher
Model Compound Study Of The Pathways For Aromatic Hydrocarbon Formation In Soot, Randall E. Winans, Nancy A. Tomczyk, Jerry E. Hunt, Mark S. Solum, Ronald J. Pugmire, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
As a follow-up of previous work on the flame pyrolysis of biphenyl and pyrene, a more detailed analysis of the pyrolytic products has been done using additional NMR data obtained on the whole soot sample correlated with detailed high-resolution and GC mass spectrometry data on the solvent-extracted portion of the same samples. These latter data complement the earlier NMR data with details of the pre-sooting structures, referred to as “young soot”, in pyrolyzed biphenyl samples collected at 1365, 1410, and 1470 K and pyrene at 1410 and 1470 K. The data reveal the roles played by free-radical-assisted polymerization reactions as …
Aeronautical Telemetry Using Multiple-Antenna Transmitters, Michael A. Jensen, Michael D. Rice, Adam L. Anderson
Aeronautical Telemetry Using Multiple-Antenna Transmitters, Michael A. Jensen, Michael D. Rice, Adam L. Anderson
Faculty Publications
The placement of multiple antennas on an air vehicle is one possible practice for overcoming signal obstruction created by vehicle maneuvering during air-to-ground transmission. Unfortunately, for vehicle attitudes where more than one of these antennas has a clear path to the receiving station, this practice also leads to self-interference nulls, resulting in dramatic degradation in the average signal integrity. This paper discusses application of unitary space-time codes such as the Alamouti transmit diversity scheme and unitary differential space-time codes to overcome the self-interference effect observed in such systems. The mathematical foundations of these techniques within the context of this application …
Obstacle And Terrain Avoidance For Miniature Aerial Vehicles, Timothy Mclain, Jeff Saunders, Blake Barber, Randall W. Beard, Stephen R. Griffiths
Obstacle And Terrain Avoidance For Miniature Aerial Vehicles, Timothy Mclain, Jeff Saunders, Blake Barber, Randall W. Beard, Stephen R. Griffiths
Faculty Publications
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are playing increasingly prominent roles in defense programs and strategy around the world. Technology advancements have enabled the development of large UAVs (e.g., Global Hawk, Predator) and the creation of smaller, increasingly capable UAVs. The focus of this Chapter is on smaller fixed-wing miniature aerial vehicles (MAVs), which range in size from % to 2 m in wingspan. As recent conflicts have demonstrated, there are numerous military applications for MAVs including reconnaissance, surveillance, battle damage assessment, and communications relays.
Compliant High-Precision E-Quintet Ratcheting (Cheqr) Mechanism For Safety And Arming Devices, John A. Kennedy, Larry L. Howell, William Greenwood
Compliant High-Precision E-Quintet Ratcheting (Cheqr) Mechanism For Safety And Arming Devices, John A. Kennedy, Larry L. Howell, William Greenwood
Faculty Publications
Ratchet and pawl mechanisms are used in safety applications to provide mechanical isolation between inputs and an output to insure that extreme environmental conditions do not inadvertently allow an unexpected output. These devices have become smaller and are approaching a size regime where traditional precision components, such as precision bearings and springs, are not available. This paper introduces the Compliant High-precision E-Quintet Ratcheting (CHEQR) mechanism as a means of exploiting the advantages of compliant mechanisms to create safety devices that eliminate the need for bearings and springs. The pseudo-rigid-body model was used to design a mechanism with the desired force-deflection …
A Cognitive Robotics Approach To Comprehending Human Language And Behaviors, Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. Paul Benjamin, Damian Lyons
A Cognitive Robotics Approach To Comprehending Human Language And Behaviors, Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. Paul Benjamin, Damian Lyons
Faculty Publications
The ADAPT project is a collaboration of researchers in linguistics, robotics and artificial intelligence at three universities. We are building a complete robotic cognitive architecture for a mobile robot designed to interact with humans in a range of environments, and which uses natural language and models human behavior. This paper concentrates on the HRI aspects of ADAPT, and especially on how ADAPT models and interacts with humans.
Effects Of Moisture On Ignition Behavior Of Moist California Chaparral And Utah Leaves, Thomas H. Fletcher, Brent M. Pickett, Steven G. Smith, Gregory S. Spittle, Megan M. Woodhouse, Elizabeth Haake, David R. Weise
Effects Of Moisture On Ignition Behavior Of Moist California Chaparral And Utah Leaves, Thomas H. Fletcher, Brent M. Pickett, Steven G. Smith, Gregory S. Spittle, Megan M. Woodhouse, Elizabeth Haake, David R. Weise
Faculty Publications
Individual cuttings from eight plant species native to California chaparral or Utah were burned in a well-controlled, well-instrumented facility. Gas temperatures above a flat-flame burner were controlled at 987 C and 10 mol% O2, resulting in a heat flux at the leaf surface varying from 80–140 kW/m2. High moisture leaves were observed to burst due to the rapid escape of vapor from the leaf interior. Bubbles in or on the leaf surface were observed for leaves with moderate moisture contents. A large number of leaf temperature measurements were made, along with measurements of the ignition time …
High-Pressure Turbine Deposition In Land-Based Gas Turbines From Various Synfuels, Thomas H. Fletcher
High-Pressure Turbine Deposition In Land-Based Gas Turbines From Various Synfuels, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
Ash deposits from four candidate power turbine synfuels were studied in an accelerated deposition test facility. The facility matches the gas temperature and velocity of modern first-stage high-pressure turbine vanes. A natural gas combustor was seeded with finely ground fuel ash particulate from four different fuels: straw, sawdust, coal, and petroleum coke. The entrained ash particles were accelerated to a combustor exit flow Mach number of 0.31 before impinging on a thermal barrier coating (TBC) target coupon at 1150°C. Postexposure analyses included surface topography, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray spectroscopy. Due to significant differences in the chemical composition of the …
Heat And Mass Transport In Heat Pipe Wick Structures, Brian D. Iverson, Tyler W. Davis, Suresh V. Garimella, Mark T. North, Sukhvinder S. Kang
Heat And Mass Transport In Heat Pipe Wick Structures, Brian D. Iverson, Tyler W. Davis, Suresh V. Garimella, Mark T. North, Sukhvinder S. Kang
Faculty Publications
A novel experimental approach is developed for characterizing the performance of heat pipe wick structures. This approach simulates the actual operation of wick structures in a heat pipe. Open, partially submerged, sintered copper wicks of varying pore size are studied under the partially saturated conditions found in normal heat pipe operation. A vertical wick orientation, where the capillary lift is in opposition to gravity, is selected to test the wicks under the most demanding conditions. Mass transport measurements of the working fluid, in addition to the temperature field, are obtained for the porous wicks under the action of a discrete …
Structuring Emperical Methods For Reuse And Efficiency In Product Development Processes, Marshall Edwin Bare
Structuring Emperical Methods For Reuse And Efficiency In Product Development Processes, Marshall Edwin Bare
Theses and Dissertations
Product development requires that engineers have the ability to predict product performance. When product performance involves complex physics and natural phenomena, mathematical models are often insufficient to provide accurate predictions. Engineering companies compensate for this deficiency by testing prototypes to obtain empirical data that can be used in place of predictive models. The purpose of this work is to provide techniques and methods for efficient use of empirical methods in product development processes. Empirical methods involve the design and creation of prototype hardware and the testing of that hardware in controlled environments. Empirical methods represent a complete product development sub-cycle …