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Articles 3331 - 3360 of 4850
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Evaluation And Development Of Actuators For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms With Emphasis On Flat Solenoids, Justin Durant Black
Evaluation And Development Of Actuators For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms With Emphasis On Flat Solenoids, Justin Durant Black
Theses and Dissertations
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) can provide a way to meet the demand for more compact and inexpensive mechanisms. Previous research has developed LEM designs and identified applications for them, but many applications would benefit from suitable actuation techniques. This thesis presents the design considerations and a variety of applicable methods for internal and external LEM actuation in the macro scale. Integrated LEM actuator possibilities have been identified, each with its advantages and disadvantages depending on the application. Shape memory alloys are especially compatible with LEMs. Traditional actuators have also been discussed as a way of actuating a LEM from the …
Chemical Potential Perturbation: Extension Of The Method To Lattice Sum Treatment Of Intermolecular Potentials, Stan G. Moore, Dean R. Wheeler
Chemical Potential Perturbation: Extension Of The Method To Lattice Sum Treatment Of Intermolecular Potentials, Stan G. Moore, Dean R. Wheeler
Faculty Publications
The recently developed chemical potential perturbation (CPP) method [S. G. Moore and D. R. Wheeler, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 114514 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3561865.] is extended to the lattice (Ewald) sum treatment of intermolecular potentials. The CPP method predicts chemical potentials for a range of composition points using the local (position-dependent) pressure tensor of an inhomogeneous system. When computing the local pressure tensor, one can use the Irving-Kirkwood (IK) or Harasima (H) contours of distributing the pressure. We compare these two contours and show that for a planar interface, the homogeneous pressure and resulting chemical potential can be approximated with …
Application Of Two-Color Pyrometry To Characterize The Two-Dimensional Temperature And Emissivity Of Pulverized-Coal Oxy-Flames, Teri Snow Draper
Application Of Two-Color Pyrometry To Characterize The Two-Dimensional Temperature And Emissivity Of Pulverized-Coal Oxy-Flames, Teri Snow Draper
Theses and Dissertations
Oxy-combustion is a developing technology that enables carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Flame temperature and emissivity data were taken on a 150 kWth, pulverized-coal, burner flow reactor (BFR) that has been modified to run oxy-combustion with pure CO2 as simulated recycled flue gas. Data were taken at 78 conditions in which three parameters were varied, namely: the swirl angle of the fuel stream, the location of the oxidizer as it exited the burner, and the flow rate of diluent (pure CO2) added to the outer, secondary stream. At each condition, digital color images were obtained using a calibrated RGB camera. The …
Multi-Processor Computation Of Thrombus Growth And Embolization In A Model Of Blood-Biomaterial Interaction Based On Fluid Dynamics, Brandon Thomas Andersen
Multi-Processor Computation Of Thrombus Growth And Embolization In A Model Of Blood-Biomaterial Interaction Based On Fluid Dynamics, Brandon Thomas Andersen
Theses and Dissertations
This work describes the development and testing of a real-time three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation of thrombosis and embolization to be used in the design of blood-contacting devices. Features of the model include the adhesion and aggregation of blood platelets on device material surfaces, shear and chemical activation of blood platelets, and embolization of platelet aggregates due to shear forces. As thrombus develops, blood is diverted from its regular flow field. If shear forces on a thrombus are sufficient to overcome the strength of adhesion, the thrombus is dislodged from the wall. Development of the model included preparing thrombosis and …
Limited Resource Feature Detection, Description, And Matching, Spencer G. Fowers
Limited Resource Feature Detection, Description, And Matching, Spencer G. Fowers
Theses and Dissertations
The aims of this research work are to develop a feature detection, description, and matching system for low-resource applications. This work was motivated by the need for a vision sensor to assist the flight of a quad-rotor UAV. This application presented a real-world challenge of autonomous drift stabilization using vision sensors. The initial solution implemented a basic feature detector and matching system on an FPGA. The research then pursued ways to improve the vision system. Research began with color feature detection, and the Color Difference of Gaussians feature detector was developed. CDoG provides better results than gray scale DoG and …
Windowed Factorized Backprojection For Pulsed And Lfm-Cw Stripmap Sar, Kyra Michelle Moon
Windowed Factorized Backprojection For Pulsed And Lfm-Cw Stripmap Sar, Kyra Michelle Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Factorized backprojection is a processing algorithm for reconstructing images from data collected by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. Factorized backprojection requires less computation than conventional time-domain backprojection with little loss in accuracy for straight-line motion. However, its implementation is not as straightforward as direct backprojection. Further, implementing an azimuth window has been difficult in previous versions of factorized backprojection. This thesis provides a new, easily parallelizable formulation of factorized backprojection designed for both pulsed and linearly frequency modulated continuous wave (LFM-CW) stripmap SAR data. A method of easily implementing an azimuth window as part of the factorized backprojection algorithm is …
Reducing Residual Drift In Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames By Using Gravity Columns As Part Of A Dual System, Megan Boston
Reducing Residual Drift In Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames By Using Gravity Columns As Part Of A Dual System, Megan Boston
Theses and Dissertations
Severe earthquakes cause damage to buildings. One measure of damage is the residual drift. Large residual drifts suggest expensive repairs and could lead to complete loss of the building. As such, research has been conducted on how to reduce the residual drift. Recent research has focused on self-centering frames and dual systems, both of which increase the post-yield stiffness of the building during and after an earthquake. Self-centering systems have yet to be adopted into standard practice but dual systems are used regularly. Dual systems in steel buildings typically combine two types of traditional lateral force resisting systems such as …
Cavitation Of A Water Jet In Water, Michael Marshall Wright
Cavitation Of A Water Jet In Water, Michael Marshall Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs in liquids when the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid. Previous research has verified that cavitation bubble collapse is a dynamic and destructive process. An understanding of the behavior of cavitation is necessary to implement this destructive mechanism from an axisymmetric jet for underwater material removal. This work investigates the influence of jet pressure and nozzle diameter on the behavior of a cloud of cavitation bubbles generated by a submerged high-pressure water jet. First, this investigation is put into context with a condensed historical background of cavitation research. Second, a description …
Sensitivity Of Resistivity Measurements On Concrete Bridge Decks To Operator-Controlled And Concrete Material Variables, Natasha Christine Barrus
Sensitivity Of Resistivity Measurements On Concrete Bridge Decks To Operator-Controlled And Concrete Material Variables, Natasha Christine Barrus
Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this research were to investigate the sensitivity of two-prong and fourprong resistivity measurements to certain operator-controlled variables and to conduct a direct comparison of the sensitivity of two-prong and four-prong resistivity measurements to certain concrete material variables. Four full-factorial experiments were designed for this research. In the experimentation on operator-controlled variables with two-prong resistivity testing, main effects that are both statistically significant and practically important include hole depth and surface water. In the experimentation on operator-controlled variables with four-prong resistivity testing, probe position, surface water, and prong spacing are all neither statistically significant nor practically important. This …
Sea Ice Mapping Using Enhanced Resolution Advanced Scatterometer Images, Steven Joseph Reeves
Sea Ice Mapping Using Enhanced Resolution Advanced Scatterometer Images, Steven Joseph Reeves
Theses and Dissertations
Sea ice is of great interest due to its effect on the global climate, the Earth's ecosystem, and human activities. Microwave remote sensing has proven to be an effective way to measure many of the characteristics of sea ice. In particular, several algorithms map the daily sea ice extent using a variety of instruments. Enhanced resolution images generated from the Scatterometer Image Reconstruction (SIR) algorithm can be used to generate a high resolution ice extent map. Previous algorithms using SIR images were developed for scatterometers which are no longer operational. The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) is a newer scatterometer which has …
An Investigation Of The Ward Leonard System For Use In A Hybrid Or Electric Passenger Vehicle, Cody L. Telford
An Investigation Of The Ward Leonard System For Use In A Hybrid Or Electric Passenger Vehicle, Cody L. Telford
Theses and Dissertations
Since the early 1900's demand for fuel efficient vehicles has motivated the development of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, some components used in these vehicles are expensive and complex. Today's consumer electric vehicles use dangerously high voltage,expensive electronic controllers, complex battery management systems and AC motors. The goal of this research at BYU is to increase safety by lowering the operating voltage and decrease cost by eliminating expensive controllers and decrease the number of battery cells. This paper specifically examines the use of a Ward Leonard Motor Control system for use in a passenger vehicle. The theory of the …
Passive Resistance Of Abutments With Mse Wingwalls, Nathanael G. Bingham
Passive Resistance Of Abutments With Mse Wingwalls, Nathanael G. Bingham
Theses and Dissertations
Large scale static lateral load tests were performed on a pile cap under varying sand backfill configurations: no backfill, full-width dense sand backfill, dense sand slip plane confined backfill, and two configurations of dense sand MSE wall confined backfills. Efforts were made to maintain the relative compaction of the backfills for each of the tests near the same value. The MSE wall panel arrangement was varied to determine the effect of different reinforcement configurations on the passive resistance and wall panel displacement. Passive force-displacement curves were generated from each test. It was found that the MSE design manual provided reasonable …
Skew Effects On Passive Earth Pressures Based On Large-Scale Tests, Shon Joseph Jessee
Skew Effects On Passive Earth Pressures Based On Large-Scale Tests, Shon Joseph Jessee
Theses and Dissertations
The passive force-deflection relationship for abutment walls is important for bridges subjected to thermal expansion and seismic forces, but no test results have been available for skewed abutments. To determine the influence of skew angle on the development of passive force, lab tests were performed on a wall with skew angles of 0º, 15º, 30º, and 45º. The wall was 1.26 m wide and 0.61 m high and the backfill consisted of dense compacted sand. As the skew angle increased, the passive force decreased substantially with a reduction of 50% at a skew of 30º. An adjustment factor was developed …
Extending The Quikscat Data Record With The Oceansat-2 Scatterometer, Joshua P. Bradley
Extending The Quikscat Data Record With The Oceansat-2 Scatterometer, Joshua P. Bradley
Theses and Dissertations
Originally designed for wind velocity estimation over the ocean, scatterometers have since been applied to climate studies of the Earth's cryosphere and bioshere. As an integral part of climatological studies of the planet, the NASA Scatterometer Climate Record Pathfinder (SCP) supplies scatterometer-based products designed to aid researchers in climatological studies of the planet. In this thesis, necessary steps are taken to facilitate data from the Oceansat-2 Ku-band scatterometer (OSCAT) to be used in extending the Ku-band SCP dataset of conically scanning pencil-beam scatterometers begun by the Seawinds scatterometer flown on the QuikSCAT mission 1999-2009. As a standard SCP product, a …
Method For The Simulated Layup Of Composite Fabrics, David M. Christensen
Method For The Simulated Layup Of Composite Fabrics, David M. Christensen
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the complexity of designing advanced composite parts, many software tools have been developed to aid the designer and reduce design cycle time. Draping is one of those tools and is used to predict the fiber angles throughout the part. This application of draping is to simulate the actual hand layup process that a technician would go through while creating a multi-layered laminate composite part. This method is the first to use plies as an underlying surface for draping instead of just using an offset mold surface. This method can visualize full 3D ply geometry taking into account the …
Application Of Parametric Nurbs Geometry To Mode Shape Identification And The Modal Assurance Criterion, Evan D. Selin
Application Of Parametric Nurbs Geometry To Mode Shape Identification And The Modal Assurance Criterion, Evan D. Selin
Theses and Dissertations
The dynamic characteristics of a part are highly dependent on geometric and material properties of the part. The identification and tracking of vibrational mode shapes within an iterative design process becomes difficult and time consuming due to the frequently changing part definition. Currently, visual inspection of analysis results is used as the means to identify the shape of each vibrational mode determined by the modal analysis. This thesis investigates the automation of the mode shape identification process through the use of parametric geometry and the Modal Assurance Criterion. Displacement results from finite element modal analysis are used to create parametric …
Development Of L-Band Down Converter Boards And Real-Time Digital Backend For Phased Array Feeds, Vikas Asthana
Development Of L-Band Down Converter Boards And Real-Time Digital Backend For Phased Array Feeds, Vikas Asthana
Theses and Dissertations
Recent developments in the field of phased array feeds for radio astronomical reflector antennas, have opened a new frontier for array signal processing for radio astronomy observations. The goal is to replace single horn feeds with a phased array feed, so as to enable astronomers to cover more sky area in less time. The development of digital backend signal processing systems has been a major area of concentration for the development of science-ready phased array feeds for radio astronomers. This thesis focuses on the development of analog down-converter receivers and an FPGA-based digital backend for real-time data processing and analysis …
Simulations Of Controlled Fires Using The One-Dimensional Turbulence Model With Application To Fire Spread In Wildland Fires, Elizabeth Ida Monson
Simulations Of Controlled Fires Using The One-Dimensional Turbulence Model With Application To Fire Spread In Wildland Fires, Elizabeth Ida Monson
Theses and Dissertations
The mechanism of flame propagation in fuel beds of wildland fires is important to understand and quantify fire spread rates. Fires spread by radiative and convective heating and often require direct flame contact to achieve ignition. The flame interface in an advancing fire is unsteady and turbulent, making study of intermittent flames in complex fuels difficult. This thesis applies the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model to a study of flame propagation by simulating a lab-scale fire representative of the flame interface in a fuel bed and incorporating solid fuel particles into the ODT code. The ODT model is able to resolve …
Aircraft Route Optimization For Heterogeneous Formation Flight, Jia Xu, Andrew Ning, Geoffrey Bower, Ilan Kroo
Aircraft Route Optimization For Heterogeneous Formation Flight, Jia Xu, Andrew Ning, Geoffrey Bower, Ilan Kroo
Faculty Publications
We examine the value of extended formation flight in the context of airline operations. The study is based on a bi-level route optimization framework. The aircraft performance model includes the effects of rolled-up wakes, formation heterogeneity, and formation-induced compressibility effects. We incorporate airline economics to understand the trade-off between speed and drag savings in the context of formation flight. The application of formation flight to a representative South African Airlines (SAA) long-haul route network can reduce fuel burn by over 4.6% or reduce direct operating cost by 2.1%. The savings increase to 6.8% in fuel or 2.4% in cost when …
Electric Field Sensing In A Railgun Using Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors, Jonathan Robert Noren
Electric Field Sensing In A Railgun Using Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors, Jonathan Robert Noren
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis discusses the application of Slab Coupled Optical Fiber Sensors (SCOS) in a railgun. The specific goal of these sensors is to create an electric field profile at a specific point in the gun as the armature passes. The thesis explores the theory that powers the railgun as well as the principles of the SCOS sensors. It also elaborates on the various noise sources found throughout the detection system and concludes with a summary of the various field tests that were performed throughout this project. There are many benefits to using a railgun over traditional weapons in the field. …
Understanding Design Requirements For Building Reliable, Space-Based Fpga Mgt Systems Based On Radiation Test Results, Kevin M. Ellsworth
Understanding Design Requirements For Building Reliable, Space-Based Fpga Mgt Systems Based On Radiation Test Results, Kevin M. Ellsworth
Theses and Dissertations
Space-based computing applications often demand reliable, high-bandwidth communication systems. FPGAs with Mulit-Gigabit Transceivers (MGTs) provide an effective platform for such systems, but it is important that system designers understand the possible susceptibilities MGTs present to the system. Previous work has provided a foundation for understanding the susceptibility of raw FPGA MGTs but has fallen short of testing MGTs as part of a larger system. This work focuses on answering the questions MGT system designers need to know in order to build a reliable space-based MGT system. Two radiation tests were performed with a test architecture built on the Aurora protocol. …
An Analysis Of The Best Practices Of Cooperative Education In The Us With The Purpose Of Addressing Various Armenian Engineering Education Problems, Sona White
Theses and Dissertations
This research shows that the expansion of cooperative education programs and university-industry partnerships can help to address some of the problems that engineering education in Armenia is facing today. These problems include lack of connections between universities and industry, outdated curricula, shortages of funding for university staff and facilities, and limited success in helping students qualify for job-related demands of the global economy. In order to identify requirements for developing effective cooperative education programs in Armenia, this study analyzes the characteristics and features of highly successful cooperative education programs in the United States that might be applicable to the requirements …
Estimated Instability And Breaking Of Internal Waves Due To Time-Dependent Shear, Leonardo A. Latorre
Estimated Instability And Breaking Of Internal Waves Due To Time-Dependent Shear, Leonardo A. Latorre
Theses and Dissertations
The effects of propagation of a short internal gravity wave through an inertia wave on internal wave stability is analyzed and parameterized. The interactions are specifically between a short wave packet and a large inertia wave packet. The short wave packet is a wave bounded with a Gaussian envelope with high frequencies and scales in the hundreds of meters horizontally and tens of meters vertically. The inertia wave packet is also an enveloped wave but with frequencies close to the rotation of the earth and scales in the thousands of meters in the horizontal and hundreds of meters in the …
Numerical Investigation Of Internal Wave-Vortex Dipole Interactions, Tyler D. Blackhurst
Numerical Investigation Of Internal Wave-Vortex Dipole Interactions, Tyler D. Blackhurst
Theses and Dissertations
Three-dimensional linear ray theory is used to investigate internal waves interacting with a Lamb-Chaplygin pancake vortex dipole. These interactions involve waves propagating in the same (co-propagating) and opposite (counter-propagating) horizontal directions as the dipole translation. Co-propagating internal waves in the vertical symmetry plane between the vortices of the dipole can approach critical levels where the wave energy is absorbed by the dipole or where the waves are overturned and possibly break. As wave breaking cannot be simulated with this linear model, changes in wave steepness are calculated to aid in estimating the onset of breaking. Counter-propagating internal waves in the …
Buckling Failure Boundary For Cylindrical Tubes In Pure Bending, Daniel Peter Miller
Buckling Failure Boundary For Cylindrical Tubes In Pure Bending, Daniel Peter Miller
Theses and Dissertations
Bending of thin-walled tubing to a prescribed bend radius is typically performed by bending it around a mandrel of the desired bend radius, corrected for spring back. By eliminating the mandrel, costly setup time would be reduced, permitting multiple change of radius during a production run, and even intermixing different products on the same line. The principal challenge is to avoid buckling, as the mandrel and shoe are generally shaped to enclose the tube while bending. Without the shaped mandrel, buckling will likely occur sooner, that is, at larger bend radii. A test apparatus has been built for arborless bending. …
Application Of High Resolution Electron Backscatter Diffraction(Hr-Ebsd) Techniques To Twinning Deformation Mechanism In Az31 Magnesium Alloy, Ali Khosravani
Application Of High Resolution Electron Backscatter Diffraction(Hr-Ebsd) Techniques To Twinning Deformation Mechanism In Az31 Magnesium Alloy, Ali Khosravani
Theses and Dissertations
The application of high resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD) techniques has been used in order to study the evolution of geometrically necessary dislocation (GND). The tested materials were taken from AZ31 magnesium sheet which had strong basal texture. Because of low symmetry of the magnesium crystal lattice, the von Mises criteria cannot be satisfied by the three independent, easily activated, basal slips. The strain along the c-axis of the crystal must be accommodated by either twinning and/or slip systems. HR-EBSD data was taken in order to investigate these phenomena. The HR-EBSD results were post processed in order to resolve total …
Failure Mechanisms And Texture Evolution Of Wrought Az31b Magnesium At Temperatures Ranging From 25 C To 125 C, Jonathan Michael Scott
Failure Mechanisms And Texture Evolution Of Wrought Az31b Magnesium At Temperatures Ranging From 25 C To 125 C, Jonathan Michael Scott
Theses and Dissertations
Failure mechanisms were studied in wrought AZ31B magnesium alloy under different strain paths and various temperatures. Optical micrographs were used to observe the formation of shear bands and regions of high twin density in samples strained under uniaxial, biaxial and plane strain conditions. Interrupted testing at 4% effective strain increments until failure was used to observe the evolution of the microstructure. Results showed that shear bands with a high percentage of twinned grains appeared early in the samples strained under biaxial or plane strain tension. These bands are similar to the failure region in uniaxial tension specimens. A forming limit …
Damage Tolerance Of Unidirectional Carbon And Fiberglass Composites With Aramid Sleeves, Charles Andrew Sika
Damage Tolerance Of Unidirectional Carbon And Fiberglass Composites With Aramid Sleeves, Charles Andrew Sika
Theses and Dissertations
Unidirectional carbon fiber and fiberglass epoxy composite elements consolidated with aramid sleeves were radially impacted at 5 J (3.7 ft-lbs) and 10 J (7.4 ft-lbs), tested under compression, and compared to undamaged control specimens. These structural elements represent local members of open three-dimensional composite lattice structures (e.g., based on isogrid or IsoTruss® technologies). Advanced three-dimensional braiding techniques were used to continuously fabricate these specimens. The unidirectional core specimens, 8 mm (5/16 in) in diameter, were manufactured with various sleeve patterns. Bi-directional braided sleeves and unidirectional spiral sleeves ranged from a nominal full to half coverage. These specimens were tested for …
Evaluating Climate Change Effects In Two Contrasting Reservoirs Using Two-Dimensional Water Quality And Hydrodynamic Models, Oliver Obregon
Evaluating Climate Change Effects In Two Contrasting Reservoirs Using Two-Dimensional Water Quality And Hydrodynamic Models, Oliver Obregon
Theses and Dissertations
I analyzed and compared impacts from global climate change (GCC) and land use change to Deer Creek (United States) a temperate reservoir and Aguamilpa (Mexico), a tropical reservoir by using calibrated CE-QUAL-W2 (W2) water quality and hydrodynamic models based on field data over an extended time period. I evaluated and compared the sensitivity to predicted GCC and land use changes. I individually evaluated changes to air temperature (TAIR), inflow rates (Q), and nutrient loads (PO4-P and NO3-NO2-N) followed by analysis of worst case scenarios. I developed analysis methods using indexes to represent the total …
A Methodology For Strategically Designing Physical Products That Are Naturally Resistant To Reverse Engineering, Stephen P. Harston
A Methodology For Strategically Designing Physical Products That Are Naturally Resistant To Reverse Engineering, Stephen P. Harston
Theses and Dissertations
Reverse engineering - defined as extracting information about a product from the product itself - is a design tactic commonly used in industry from competitive benchmarking to product imitation. While reverse engineering is a legitimate practice - as long as the product was legally obtained - innovative products are often reverse engineered at the expense of the pioneering company. However, by designing products with built-in barriers to reverse engineering, competitors are no longer able to effectively extract critical information from the product of interest. Enabling the quantification of barriers to reverse engineering, this dissertation presents a set of metrics and …