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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 4850
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Ash Formation And Deposition During Oxy-Coal Combustion In A 100 Kw Laboratory Combustor With Various Flue Gas Recycle Options, Zhonghua Zhan, Andrew R. Fry, Danxi Yu, Minghou Xu, Jost O.L. Wendt
Ash Formation And Deposition During Oxy-Coal Combustion In A 100 Kw Laboratory Combustor With Various Flue Gas Recycle Options, Zhonghua Zhan, Andrew R. Fry, Danxi Yu, Minghou Xu, Jost O.L. Wendt
Faculty Publications
Fouling and slagging processes are important in oxy-coal combustion processes because they greatly influence heat transfer and boiler performance. Ash partitioning processes are precursors to deposition processes and so in order to predict the latter one must have a good understanding of the former. This work involves a 100 kW rated down-fired oxy-fuel combustor outfitted with sophisticated ash aerosol and ash deposit sampling equipment. The work differs from that previously published, in that here we focus on the effects of changes in the composition and amounts of actual recycled flue gas (RFG) streams used in oxy-coal combustion, not using once …
Using Star-Ccm+ To Evaluate Multi-User Collaboration In Cfd, Kasey Johnson Webster
Using Star-Ccm+ To Evaluate Multi-User Collaboration In Cfd, Kasey Johnson Webster
Theses and Dissertations
The client-server architecture of STAR-CCM+ allows multiple users to collaborate on a simulation set-up. The effectiveness of collaboration with this architecture is tested and evaluated on five models. The testing of these models is a start to finish set-up of an entire simulation excluding computational time for generating mesh and solving the solution. The different models have distinct differences which test every operation that would be used in a general CFD simulation. These tests focus on reducing the time spent preparing the geometry to be meshed, including setting up for a conformal mesh between multiple regions in conjugate heat transfer …
Design And Validation Of A Complex Loading Whole Spinal Segment Bioreactor, Amanda Marie Beatty
Design And Validation Of A Complex Loading Whole Spinal Segment Bioreactor, Amanda Marie Beatty
Theses and Dissertations
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a prevalent health problem that is highly linked to back pain. To understand the disease and tissue response to therapies, ex-vivo whole IVD organ culture systems have recently been introduced. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a whole spinal segment culturing system that loads the disc in complex loading similar to the in-vivo condition, while preserving the adjacent endplates and vertebral bodies. The complex loading applied to the spinal segment was achieved with three pneumatic cylinders. The pneumatic cylinders were rigidly attached to two triangular alumni plates at each corner, comprising …
Hybrid Dynamic Optimization Methods For Systems Biology With Efficient Sensitivities, Nicholas Lewis, John Hedengren, Eric Haseltine
Hybrid Dynamic Optimization Methods For Systems Biology With Efficient Sensitivities, Nicholas Lewis, John Hedengren, Eric Haseltine
Faculty Publications
In recent years, model optimization in the field of computational biology has become a prominent area for development of pharmaceutical drugs. The increased amount of experimental data leads to the increase in complexity of proposed models. With increased complexity comes a necessity for computational algorithms that are able to handle the large datasets that are used to fit model parameters. In this study the ability of simultaneous, hybrid simultaneous, and sequential algorithms are tested on two models representative of computational systems biology. The first case models the cells affected by a virus in a population and serves as a benchmark …
Rigidly Foldable Origami Gadgets And Tessellations, Thomas A. Evans, Robert J. Lang, Spencer P. Magleby, Larry L. Howell
Rigidly Foldable Origami Gadgets And Tessellations, Thomas A. Evans, Robert J. Lang, Spencer P. Magleby, Larry L. Howell
Faculty Publications
Rigidly foldable origami allows for motion where all deflection occurs at the crease lines and facilitates the application of origami in materials other than paper. In this paper, we use a recently discovered method for determining rigid foldability to identify existing flat-foldable rigidly foldable tessellations, which are also categorized. We introduce rigidly foldable origami gadgets which may be used to modify existing tessellations or to create new tessellations. Several modified and new rigidly foldable tessellations are presented.
Morphology Of Nanoporous Carbon-Binder Domains In Li-Ion Batteries—A Fib-Sem Study, Severin Vierrath, Lukas Zielke, Riko Moroni, Andrew Mordon, Dean R. Wheeler, Roland Zengerle, Simon Thiele
Morphology Of Nanoporous Carbon-Binder Domains In Li-Ion Batteries—A Fib-Sem Study, Severin Vierrath, Lukas Zielke, Riko Moroni, Andrew Mordon, Dean R. Wheeler, Roland Zengerle, Simon Thiele
Faculty Publications
FIB-SEM tomography is used to reconstruct the carbon-binder domain (CBD) of a LiCoO2 battery cathode (3.9 × 5 × 2.3 μm3) with contrast enhancement by ZnO infiltration via atomic layer deposition. We calculate the porosity inside the CBD (57.6%), the cluster-size distribution with a peak at 54 nm, and the pore-size distribution with a peak at 64 nm. The tortuosities of the pore space (1.6–2.0) and the CBD (2.3–3.5) show a mild anisotropy, which is attributed to the fabrication process. A comparison to a modeled homogenous CBD reveals that clustering in the CBD decreases its electronic conductivity while increasing …
An Improved Statistical Analysis For Predicting The Critical Temperature And Critical Density With Gibbs Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulation, Richard A. Messerly, Richard L. Rowley, Thomas A. Knotts Iv, W Vincent Wilding
An Improved Statistical Analysis For Predicting The Critical Temperature And Critical Density With Gibbs Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulation, Richard A. Messerly, Richard L. Rowley, Thomas A. Knotts Iv, W Vincent Wilding
Faculty Publications
A rigorous statistical analysis is presented for Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. This analysis reduces the uncertainty in the critical point estimate when compared with traditional methods found in the literature. Two different improvements are recommended due to the following results. First, the traditional propagation of error approach for estimating the standard deviations used in regression improperly weighs the terms in the objective function due to the inherent interdependence of the vapor and liquid densities. For this reason, an error model is developed to predict the standard deviations. Second, and most importantly, a rigorous algorithm for nonlinear regression is compared …
A Numerical Comparison Of Precipitating Turbulent Flows Between Large-Eddy Simulation And One-Dimensional Turbulence, Alex W. Abboud, Ben B. Schroeder, Tony Saad, Sean T. Smith, Derek D. Harris, David O. Lignell
A Numerical Comparison Of Precipitating Turbulent Flows Between Large-Eddy Simulation And One-Dimensional Turbulence, Alex W. Abboud, Ben B. Schroeder, Tony Saad, Sean T. Smith, Derek D. Harris, David O. Lignell
Faculty Publications
This study presents the results of computational fluid dynamics simulations of a multiphase, reacting, turbulent mixing layer in an idealized geometry. The purpose is to compare large-eddy simulation (LES) to one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) and examine the trends of the flow under differing mixing conditions. Aqueous streams are mixed together to precipitate polymorphs of calcium carbonate. The polymorphs of calcium carbonate are tracked numerically using population balance equations (PBE). Each PBE contains all of the relevant physical models to track the particle evolution including nucleation, growth, and aggregation. A simple subgrid mixing model that is convenient for use with PBEs was …
An Improved Dynamic Particle Packing Model For Prediction Of The Microstructure In Porous Electrodes, Chien-Wei Chao
An Improved Dynamic Particle Packing Model For Prediction Of The Microstructure In Porous Electrodes, Chien-Wei Chao
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this work is to develop a model to predict the microstructure of Li-ion batteries, specifically focusing on the cathode component of the batteries. This kind of model has the potential to assist researchers and battery manufacturers who are trying to optimize the capacity, cycle life, and safety of batteries. Two dynamic particle packing (DPP) microstructure models were developed in this work. The first is the DPP1 model, which simulates the final or dried electrode structure by moving spherical particles under periodic boundaries using Newton's laws of motion. The experience derived from developing DPP1 model was beneficial in …
Calibration And Validation Of The Rapidscat Scatterometer Using Natural Land Targets, Nathan Mark Madsen
Calibration And Validation Of The Rapidscat Scatterometer Using Natural Land Targets, Nathan Mark Madsen
Theses and Dissertations
RapidScat is a Ku-band scatterometer that was launched September 2014 and is currently operating on the International Space Station. It estimates ocean vector winds through accurate measurement of the normalized radar coefficient (σ0) of the ocean surface. In order to ensure the accuracy of σ0 measurements and consistency with previous Ku-band scatterometers, post-launch calibration and validation is necessary. Calibration and validation is performed using natural land targets, namely the Amazon and Congo rainforests, to complement calibration efforts over the ocean. The σ0 response of the targets is estimated with respect to viewing angle and time of …
Bending Behavior Of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Isobeam Structures, Brandon A. Asay
Bending Behavior Of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Isobeam Structures, Brandon A. Asay
Theses and Dissertations
This research demonstrated the fabrication, flexural testing, and analysis of nominally 5 ft (1.5 m) 6-bay and 10 ft (3 m) 12-bay carbon/epoxy IsoBeam™ structures. The rectangular cross-section was 5 in (12.7 cm) wide by 10 in (25.4 cm) high. The IsoBeam structure is a composite lattice structure that is a geometric derivative of the IsoTruss® structure. Modifying the geometry to yield a rectangular cross-section provides additional applications for these beams as structural elements in buildings, aircraft, vehicles, and other structures. The diameters of the constituent members of the IsoBeam, namely the longitudinal and diagonal members, were sized such that …
An Approach For Designing Origami-Adapted Products With Aerospace Mechanism Examples, Jessica Morgan
An Approach For Designing Origami-Adapted Products With Aerospace Mechanism Examples, Jessica Morgan
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research is to develop a design process for origami-adapted products and demonstrate it using aerospace mechanism examples. Origami-adapted design is a type of origami-based design. Origami-based design ranges from abstract to concrete applications of origami to design and includes: origami-inspired design, origami-adapted design, and origami-applied design. Origami-adapted design adapts origami fold patterns into products while preserving functionality. Some of the desirable attributes of origami that are sought after in design include: 1) reduced number of parts, 2) stowability, 3) deployability, 4) transportability, 5) manufacturability from a flat sheet of material, 6) ease of miniaturization, 7) a …
Communication: Antibody Stability And Behavior On Surfaces, Derek B. Bush, Thomas A. Knotts Iv
Communication: Antibody Stability And Behavior On Surfaces, Derek B. Bush, Thomas A. Knotts Iv
Faculty Publications
Antibody microarrays have the potential to revolutionize molecular detection in scientific, medical, and other biosensor applications, but their current use is limited because of poor reliability. It is hypothesized that one reason for their poor performance results from strong antibody-surface interactions that destabilize the antibody structure and create steric interference for antigen recognition. Using a recently developed coarse-grain protein-surface model that has been parameterized against experimental data, antibody-surface interactions for two antibody orientations on two types of surfaces have been investigated. The results show that regardless of attachment geometry, antibodies tend to collapse onto hydrophobic surfaces and exhibit lower overall …
Evaluating The Security Of Smart Home Hubs, Steven A. Christiaens
Evaluating The Security Of Smart Home Hubs, Steven A. Christiaens
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research is to improve the security of smart home hubs by developing a standard against which hubs can be evaluated. This was done by first reviewing existing standards, guides, and collections of best practices. I determined that adapting or extending an existing standard was the best way to proceed. Potential candidates were selected, and after thorough comparison, I chose to extend the OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS). Extensions were composed of additional security requirements to address smart home hub functionality not covered by the existing requirements of the ASVS. These additional requirements were developed based …
Neutral Parametric Canonical Form For 2d And 3d Wireframe Cad Geometry, Robert Steven Freeman
Neutral Parametric Canonical Form For 2d And 3d Wireframe Cad Geometry, Robert Steven Freeman
Theses and Dissertations
The challenge of interoperability is to retain model integrity when different software applications exchange and interpret model data. Transferring CAD data between heterogeneous CAD systems is a challenge because of differences in feature representation. A study by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) performed in 1999 made a conservative estimate that inadequate interoperability in the automotive industry costs them $1 billion per year. One critical part of eliminating the high costs due to poor interoperability is a neutral format between heterogeneous CAD systems. An effective neutral CAD format should include a current-state data store, be associative, include the …
Improving The Suction Performance And Stability Of An Inducer With An Integrated Inlet Cover Bleed System Known As A Stability Control Device, Ryan K. Lundgreen
Improving The Suction Performance And Stability Of An Inducer With An Integrated Inlet Cover Bleed System Known As A Stability Control Device, Ryan K. Lundgreen
Theses and Dissertations
The performance of an inducer with the integration of an inlet cover bleed system known as a stability control device (SCD) is investigated using computational fluid dynamics. Inducers are the first stage of high suction performance pumps and are designed to operate under cavitating conditions. Improvements in design have allowed inducers to operate stably with low inlet head conditions, however, cavitation instabilities ultimately lead to pump failure. It has been shown that inducers that employ an SCD fully suppress cavitation instabilities.The performance of an inducer is explored at both on- and off-design flow coefficients, where the flow coefficient is a …
A Method For Using Pre-Computed Scenarios Of Physically-Based Spatially-Distributed Hydrologic Models In Flood Forecasting Systems, Herman Guillermo Dolder
A Method For Using Pre-Computed Scenarios Of Physically-Based Spatially-Distributed Hydrologic Models In Flood Forecasting Systems, Herman Guillermo Dolder
Theses and Dissertations
Every year floods are responsible of a significant number of human losses, many of which could be avoided with a broader implementation of flood forecasting systems. Nevertheless, there are still some technological and economic limitations that impede the creation of these systems in many parts of the world. At the core of many flood forecasting systems is a hydrologic model that transforms the weather forecast into a flow forecast. Using real-time modeling for potential floods poses a series of problems: if the model is complex, the computational power required can be significant, and consequently expensive, and if the model is …
Jet And Droplet Impingement On Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Jonathan Glenn Stoddard
Jet And Droplet Impingement On Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Jonathan Glenn Stoddard
Theses and Dissertations
The effect of superhydrophobicity on liquid water impingement on a flat horizontal surface was explored. The surfaces combined a hydrophobic surface chemistry with a patterned microstucture in order to produce high contact angles with water. Three sets of experiments were performed, one for jet impingement and two for droplet impingement, which advance previous work in characterizing the interaction of water and superhydrophobic surfaces.Jet impingement experiments were performed to characterize a transitional regime between an unsubmerged and a completely submerged superhydrophobic surface by varying an imposed downstream depth. For low downstream depths, the surface remained unsubmerged and displayed only break up …
Lateral Resistance Of Pipe Piles Near 20-Ft Tall Mse Abutment Wall With Strip Reinforcements, Jason James Besendorfer
Lateral Resistance Of Pipe Piles Near 20-Ft Tall Mse Abutment Wall With Strip Reinforcements, Jason James Besendorfer
Student Works
Full scale lateral load testing was performed on four 12.75x0.375 pipe piles spaced at 3.9, 2.9, 2.8, and 1.7 pile diameters behind an MSE wall which was constructed for this research to determine appropriate reduction factors for lateral pile resistance based on pile spacing behind the back face of the wall. The load induced on eight soil reinforcements located at various transverse distances from the pile and at different depths was monitored to determine the relationship between lateral load on the pile and load induced in the reinforcement. Each pile was loaded towards the wall in 0.25 in. increments to …
Composition Based Modaling Of Silicone Nano-Composite Strain Gauges, Daniel Alexander Baradoy
Composition Based Modaling Of Silicone Nano-Composite Strain Gauges, Daniel Alexander Baradoy
Theses and Dissertations
In this work a review of the technology surrounding high deflection strain sensing with an emphasis on that of a recently developed nickel nano-composite strain sensor is presented. A new base silicone material was identified for the nickel nano-composite strain sensor that improves its mechanical stiffness and conductive properties. A previously identified cyclic creep concern was mitigated through preconditioning and the use of adhered backing materials. Through a block design experiment the strain/resistance curves for the strain sensors were characterized over a wide range of nano-filler material compositions. An analytical model was developed based on observation that the resistance of …
Evaluation Of The Accuracy Of Traffic Volume Counts Collected By Microwave Sensors, David Keali'i Chang
Evaluation Of The Accuracy Of Traffic Volume Counts Collected By Microwave Sensors, David Keali'i Chang
Theses and Dissertations
Over the past few years, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has developed a system called the Signal Performance Metrics System (SPMS) to evaluate the performance of signalized intersections. This system currently provides data summaries for several performance measures including: 1) Purdue Coordination Diagram, 2) Speed, 3) Approach Volume, 4) Purdue Phase Termination Charts, 5) Split Monitor, 6) Turning Movement Volume Counts, 7) Arrivals on Red, and 8) Approach Delay. There is a need to know the accuracy of the data that are being collected by the Wavetronix SmartSensor Matrix and displayed in the SPMS. The TAC members determined that …
An Evaluation Of Soft Processors As A Reliable Computing Platform, Michael Robert Gardiner
An Evaluation Of Soft Processors As A Reliable Computing Platform, Michael Robert Gardiner
Theses and Dissertations
This study evaluates the benefits and limitations of soft processors operating in a radiation-hardened FPGA, focusing primarily on the performance and reliability of these systems. FPGAs designs for four popular soft processors, the MicroBlaze, LEON3, Cortex-M0 DesignStart, and OpenRISC 1200 are developed for a Virtex-5 FPGA. The performance of these soft processor designs is then compared on ten widely-used benchmark programs. Benchmarking results indicate that the MicroBlaze has the best integer performance of the soft processors, with at least 2.23X better performance on average than the other three processors. However, the LEON3 has the best floating-point performance, with benchmark scores …
A Simple Method For Evaluating Wear In Different Grades Of Tooling Applied To Friction Stir Spot Welding, Kirtis Frankland Kennard
A Simple Method For Evaluating Wear In Different Grades Of Tooling Applied To Friction Stir Spot Welding, Kirtis Frankland Kennard
Theses and Dissertations
In this study tools consisting of a 5mm cylindrical pin and a 12mm shoulder held by a simple tool holder were used to compare the wear of 11 tooling materials. The objective was to determine if using these tools in a spot welding configuration to simulate friction stir welding could differentiate the potential performance of tooling materials. All tools were made of varying percentages of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN), tungsten (W) and rhenium (Re). The materials are referred to herein as GV1, GV2, G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8 and G9.
The tools were run to 205 …
Transport Enhancement Of Rate-Limited Chemical Reactions Via Pt-Decorated, Carbon Nanotube Microarray Membranes, Kevin M. Marr
Transport Enhancement Of Rate-Limited Chemical Reactions Via Pt-Decorated, Carbon Nanotube Microarray Membranes, Kevin M. Marr
Theses and Dissertations
Rate limited chemical reactions can be enhanced by improving the mass transport of the suspended analyte to the catalytic (or electrocatalytic) surface. While many attempts have been made to enhance this mass transport, these approaches are limited to utilizing only two enhancement methods – increasing available catalytic surface area, and increasing the flow of analyte in solution. Flow through high aspect ratio microstructures, however, would provide additional mass transport enhancement via boundary layer confinement. Platinum functionalized carbon nanotube microarray membranes (Pt-CNT-MMs) offer enhanced mass transport via all three methods, and were fabricated for demonstration in a H2O2 sample system, for …
Correlation Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy And Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod5) Using Regression Analysis, Alexander Tetteh Narteh
Correlation Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy And Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod5) Using Regression Analysis, Alexander Tetteh Narteh
Theses and Dissertations
This research uses Regression analysis of fluorescence spectroscopy results to correlate with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5). Fluorescence spectroscopy was applied to samples taken from seven sample sites in the Provo and Orem waste water treatment plants found in Utah County. A total of 161 samples were collected for this research. 23 samples each were taken from four sites in the Provo waste water treatment plant namely Provo head works, aeration basin, primary filter settlement basin and the Provo effluent basin. The Orem head works, the clarifier and the Orem effluent basin were the three sample sites in the Orem waste …
Geometry And Material Properties Of Vocal Fold Models, Kimberly Ann Stevens
Geometry And Material Properties Of Vocal Fold Models, Kimberly Ann Stevens
Theses and Dissertations
Voiced communication plays a fundamental role in society. Voice research seeks to improve understanding of the fundamental physics governing voice production, with the eventual goal of improving methods to diagnose and treat voice disorders. For this thesis, three different aspects of voice production research were studied. First, porcine vocal fold medial surface geometry was determined, and the three-dimensional geometric distortion induced by freezing the larynx, especially in the region of the vocal folds, was quantified. It was found that porcine vocal folds are qualitatively geometrically similar to canine and human vocal folds, as well as commonly used models, and that …
Development Of A Simplified Performance-Based Procedure For Assessment Of Liquefaction Triggering Using Liquefaction Loading Maps, Kristin Jane Ulmer
Development Of A Simplified Performance-Based Procedure For Assessment Of Liquefaction Triggering Using Liquefaction Loading Maps, Kristin Jane Ulmer
Theses and Dissertations
Seismically-induced liquefaction has been the cause of significant damage to infrastructure and is a serious concern in current civil engineering practice. Several methods are available for assessing the risk of liquefaction at a given site, each with its own strengths and limitations. One probabilistic method has been shown to provide more consistent estimates of liquefaction risk and can be tailored to the specific needs of a given project through hazard-targeted (i.e. based on return periods or likelihoods) results. This type of liquefaction assessment is typically called “performance-based,” after the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center's performance-based earthquake engineering framework. Unfortunately, …
Large-Scale Testing Of Passive Force Behavior For Skewed Bridge Abutments With Gravel And Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (Grs) Backfills, Amy Fredrickson
Large-Scale Testing Of Passive Force Behavior For Skewed Bridge Abutments With Gravel And Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (Grs) Backfills, Amy Fredrickson
Theses and Dissertations
Correct understanding of passive force behavior is particularly key to lateral evaluations of bridges because plastic deformation of soil backfill is vital to dissipation of earthquake energy and thermally-induced stresses in abutments. Only recently have studies investigated the effects of skew on passive force. Numerical modeling and a handful of skewed abutment tests performed in sand backfill have found reduced passive force with increasing skew, but previous to this study no skewed tests had been performed in gravel or Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) backfills. The goal of this study was to better understand passive force behavior in non-skewed and skewed …
Solving Nonlinear Heat Transfer Problems Using Variation Of Parameters, Travis J. Moore, Matthew R. Jones
Solving Nonlinear Heat Transfer Problems Using Variation Of Parameters, Travis J. Moore, Matthew R. Jones
Faculty Publications
Nonlinear problems arise in many heat transfer applications, and several analytical and numerical methods for solving these problems are described in the literature. Here, the method of variation of parameters is shown to be a relatively simple method for obtaining solutions to four specific heat transfer problems: 1. a radiating annular fin, 2. conduction-radiation in a plane-parallel medium, 3. convective and radiative exchange between the surface of a continuously moving strip and its surroundings, and 4. convection from a fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and variable cross-sectional area. The results for each of these examples are compared to those obtained …
Investigating The Impact Of Cryogenic Carbon Capture On Power Plant Performance, Seyed M. Safdarnejad, L. Kennington, Larry Lin Baxter, John Hedengren
Investigating The Impact Of Cryogenic Carbon Capture On Power Plant Performance, Seyed M. Safdarnejad, L. Kennington, Larry Lin Baxter, John Hedengren
Faculty Publications
Cryogenic Carbon Capture (CCC) is a CO2 mitigation process that can be integrated into existing baseline and load following fossil-fueled power plants. This process consumes less energy than conventional chemical absorption and includes energy storage capability. The CCC process has a fast response time to load changes to allow higher utilization of intermittent renewable power sources to be used at a grid-scale level in the power sector. The impact of the CCC process on the performance and operating profit of a single fossil-fueled power generation unit is studied in this paper. The proposed system (power production from wind, coal, and …