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Brigham Young University

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Articles 1651 - 1680 of 4850

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Material Selection Shape Factors For Compliant Arrays In Bending, David T. Fullwood, Todd G. Nelson, Jared T. Bruton, Nathan E. Rieske, M. Patrick Walton, Larry L. Howell Nov 2016

Material Selection Shape Factors For Compliant Arrays In Bending, David T. Fullwood, Todd G. Nelson, Jared T. Bruton, Nathan E. Rieske, M. Patrick Walton, Larry L. Howell

Faculty Publications

Similar to the general class of metamaterials, compliant arrays (CAs) are engineered from an array of subelements that combine to produce a response that is typically not available from a at panel made of a single material. As such, analysis and design of CA systems requires the integration of both the material and geometrical properties of the array. This paper proposes a convenient and efficient method of combining these essential elements using analytically derived shape factors for bending modes. The approach is validated experimentally, and used to demonstrate large regions of previously inaccessible property combinations in material selection charts that …

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Evaluation Of Stochastic Particle Dispersion Modeling In Turbulent Round Jets, Guangyuan Sun, John C. Hewson, David O. Lignell Nov 2016

Evaluation Of Stochastic Particle Dispersion Modeling In Turbulent Round Jets, Guangyuan Sun, John C. Hewson, David O. Lignell

Faculty Publications

ODT (one-dimensional turbulence) simulations of particle-carrier gas interactions are performed in the jet flow configuration. Particles with different diameters are injected onto the centerline of a turbulent air jet. The particles are passive and do not impact the fluid phase. Their radial dispersion and axial velocities are obtained as functions of axial position. The time and length scales of the jet are varied through control of the jet exit velocity and nozzle diameter. Dispersion data at long times of flight for the nozzle diameter (7 mm), particle diameters (60 and 90 µm), and Reynolds numbers (10, 000–30, 000) are …

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Investigation Of The Effects Of Uranium(Iii)-Chloride Concentration On Voltammetry In Molten Licl-Kcl Eutectic With A Glass Sealed Tungsten Electrode, Devin Rappleye, Kevin Teaford, Michael F. Simpson Oct 2016

Investigation Of The Effects Of Uranium(Iii)-Chloride Concentration On Voltammetry In Molten Licl-Kcl Eutectic With A Glass Sealed Tungsten Electrode, Devin Rappleye, Kevin Teaford, Michael F. Simpson

Faculty Publications

One of the major sources of error for electroanalytical measurements in high-temperature molten salts is from the measurement of the working electrode (WE) area. A glass sealed working electrode (GSWE) was developed in order to set the exposed area of tungsten and reduce the error associated with WE area. The insulating property of the glass while in contact with molten salt was verified by observing the independence of electrochemical signals with adjustments in the WE position. The integrity of the glass coating was also confirmed by observing the stability of electrochemical signals (±1.9%) over several hours. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and …

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Vibration Monitoring Via Nano-Composite Piezoelectric Foam Bushings, David T. Fullwood, Evan T. Bird, A Jake Merrell, Brady K. Anderson, Cory N. Newton, Parker G. Rosquist, Anton E. Bowden, Matthew K. Seeley Oct 2016

Vibration Monitoring Via Nano-Composite Piezoelectric Foam Bushings, David T. Fullwood, Evan T. Bird, A Jake Merrell, Brady K. Anderson, Cory N. Newton, Parker G. Rosquist, Anton E. Bowden, Matthew K. Seeley

Faculty Publications

Most mechanical systems produce vibrations as an inherent side effect of operation. Though some vibrations are acceptable in operation, others can cause damage or signal a machine’s imminent failure. These vibrations would optimally be monitored in real-time, without human supervision to prevent failure and excessive wear in machinery. This paper explores a new alternative to currently-used machine-monitoring equipment, namely a piezoelectric foam sensor system. These sensors are made of a silicone-based foam embedded with nano- and micro-scale conductive particles. Upon impact, they emit an electric response that is directly correlated with impact energy, with no electrical power input. In the …

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Fitplay Games: Increasing Exercise Motivation Through Asynchronous Social Gaming, Dario Carlos Gonzalez Oct 2016

Fitplay Games: Increasing Exercise Motivation Through Asynchronous Social Gaming, Dario Carlos Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

Many factors contribute to people's physical inactivity, but among the leading factors is a lack of motivation. Fitness trackers have been shown to encourage an increase in exercise, but they are frequently abandoned within a few short months. For this thesis I developed and asynchronous-play social gaming platform, FitPlay Games, to fill the gap in motivation left by current fitness trackers. By providing users with a variety of asynchronous cooperative and competitive gaming styles, this platform enable them to find a motivation technique that works best for their lifestyle and fitness prowess. The platform encourages prolonged use of fitness trackers, …

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Rotational Strength And Stiffness Of Shallowly Embedded Base Connections In Steel Moment Frames, Kevin N. Hanks Oct 2016

Rotational Strength And Stiffness Of Shallowly Embedded Base Connections In Steel Moment Frames, Kevin N. Hanks

Theses and Dissertations

Shallowly embedded column base connections with unreinforced block out concrete are a common method of connecting steel columns to their foundation. There has been little research done to accurately quantify the effects of this block out concrete on the connection strength and rigidity, and therefore there is nothing to aid the practicing engineer in accounting for this in structural analysis. Due to this lack of understanding, engineers have typically ignored the effects of shallow block out concrete in their analysis, presumably leading to a conservative design. Recent research has attempted to fill this gap in understanding. Several methods have been …

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Development And Optimization Of Voltammetry For Real Time Analysis Of Multi-Component Electrorefiner Salt, Chao Zhang, Devin Rappleye, Michael F. Simpson Oct 2016

Development And Optimization Of Voltammetry For Real Time Analysis Of Multi-Component Electrorefiner Salt, Chao Zhang, Devin Rappleye, Michael F. Simpson

Faculty Publications

Normal pulse voltammetry was performed on LiCl-KCl-UCl3- MgCl2 molten salt mixtures while varying parameters such as pulse time, relaxation potential, and interval time. Concentrations of UCl3 up to 7 wt% were tested with a fixed 1.5 wt% MgCl2 concentration. The correlation between diffusion limited partial current density to UCl3 concentration exhibited an excellent fit to a 2nd order polynomial. A similar fit was obtained for the correlation between MgCl2 concentration and the diffusion limited partial current density at a fixed UCl3 concentration of 1.0 wt%.

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Polynomial Chaos For The Computation Of Annual Energy Production In Wind Farm Layout Optimization, Santiago Padrón, Andrew P.J. Stanley, Jared Thomas, Juan Alonso, Andrew Ning Oct 2016

Polynomial Chaos For The Computation Of Annual Energy Production In Wind Farm Layout Optimization, Santiago Padrón, Andrew P.J. Stanley, Jared Thomas, Juan Alonso, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

Careful management of wake interference is essential to further improve Annual Energy Production (AEP) of wind farms. Wake effects can be minimized through optimization of turbine layout, wind farm control, and turbine design. Realistic wind farm optimization is challenging because it has numerous design degrees of freedom and must account for the stochastic nature of wind. In this paper we provide a framework for calculating AEP for any relevant uncertain (stochastic) variable of interest. We use Polynomial Chaos (PC) to efficiently quantify the effect of the stochastic variables—wind direction and wind speed—on the statistical outputs of interest (AEP) for wind …

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Goggatomy: A Method For Opening Small Cuticular Compartments In Arthropods For Physiological Experiments, Alan R. Kay, Davide Raccuglia, Jon Scholte, Elene Sivan-Loukianova, Chirstopher A. Barwacz, Steven R. Armstrong, C. Allan Guymon, Michael N. Nitabach, Daniel F. Eberl Sep 2016

Goggatomy: A Method For Opening Small Cuticular Compartments In Arthropods For Physiological Experiments, Alan R. Kay, Davide Raccuglia, Jon Scholte, Elene Sivan-Loukianova, Chirstopher A. Barwacz, Steven R. Armstrong, C. Allan Guymon, Michael N. Nitabach, Daniel F. Eberl

Faculty Publications

Most sense organs of arthropods are ensconced in small exoskeletal compartments that hinder direct access to plasma membranes. We have developed a method for exposing live sensory and supporting cells in such structures. The technique uses a viscous light cured resin to embed and support the structure, which is then sliced with a sharp blade. We term the procedure a “goggatomy,” from the Khoisan word for a bug, gogga. To demonstrate the utility of the method we show that it can be used to expose the auditory chordotonal organs in the second antennal segment and the olfactory receptor neurons …

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Haptic Shape-Based Management Of Robot Teams In Cordon And Patrol, Samuel Jacob Mcdonald Sep 2016

Haptic Shape-Based Management Of Robot Teams In Cordon And Patrol, Samuel Jacob Mcdonald

Theses and Dissertations

There are many current and future scenarios that require teams of air, ground or humanoid robots to gather information in complex and often dangerous environments, where it would be unreasonable or impossible for humans to be physically present [1-6]. The current state of the art involves a single robot being monitored by one or many human operators [7], but a single operator managing a team of autonomous robots is preferred as long as effective and time-efficient management of the team is maintained [8-9]. This is limited by the operator's ability to command actions of multiple robots, be aware of robot …

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An Exploration In Fiber Optic Sensors, Frederick Alexander Seng Sep 2016

An Exploration In Fiber Optic Sensors, Frederick Alexander Seng

Theses and Dissertations

With the rise of modern infrastructure and systems, testing and evaluation of specific components such as structural health monitoring is becoming increasingly important. Fiber optic sensors are ideal for testing and evaluating these systems due many advantages such as their lightweight, compact, and dielectric nature. This thesis presents a novel method for detecting electric fields in harsh environments with slab coupled optical sensors (SCOS) as well as a novel method for detecting strain gradients on a Hopkinson bar specimen using fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). Fiber optic electric field sensors are ideal for characterizing the electric field in many different systems. …

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Scenario Analysis For Techno-Economic Model Development Of U.S. Offshore Wind Support Structures, Rick Damiani, Andrew Ning, Ben Maples, Aaron Smith, Katherine Dykes Sep 2016

Scenario Analysis For Techno-Economic Model Development Of U.S. Offshore Wind Support Structures, Rick Damiani, Andrew Ning, Ben Maples, Aaron Smith, Katherine Dykes

Faculty Publications

Challenging bathymetry and soil conditions of future U.S. offshore wind power plants might promote the use of multimember, fixed-bottom structures (or “jackets”) in place of monopiles. Support structures affect costs associated with the balance of system (BOS) and operation and maintenance. Understanding the link between these costs and the main environmental design drivers is crucial in the quest for a lower levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and it is the main rationale for this work. Actual cost and engineering data are still scarce; hence, we evaluated a simplified engineering approach to tie key site and turbine parameters (e.g., water depth, …

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Rapidscat Slice Spatial Response Function Contour Parameterization, John Clyde Niedfeldt Sep 2016

Rapidscat Slice Spatial Response Function Contour Parameterization, John Clyde Niedfeldt

Theses and Dissertations

The spatial response function (SRF) of the backscatter measurements for a radar scatterometer is often used in reconstruction. It has been found that in many cases the SRF can be approximated as a binary function that is 1 inside the - 6 dB contour of the SRF and 0 outside. This improves the computation speed of reconstruction. Computing the SRF contour can still be a lengthy computation, which can be simplified by precomputing and tabulating key SRF contours. The tabular parameterization for many spinning scatterometers, i.e., QuikSCAT, is straight-forward. For RapidSCAT, this estimation is more involved than other radars due …

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A New Open Source Platform For Lowering The Barrier For Environmental Web App Development, Nathan R. Swain, Scott D. Christensen, Alan D. Snow, Herman Dolder, Gonzola Espinoza-Dávalos, Erfan Goharian, Norman L. Jones, E. James Nelson, Daniel P. Ames, Steven J. Burian Aug 2016

A New Open Source Platform For Lowering The Barrier For Environmental Web App Development, Nathan R. Swain, Scott D. Christensen, Alan D. Snow, Herman Dolder, Gonzola Espinoza-Dávalos, Erfan Goharian, Norman L. Jones, E. James Nelson, Daniel P. Ames, Steven J. Burian

Faculty Publications

The interactive nature of web applications or “web apps” makes them a well-suited medium for conveying complex scientific concepts to lay audiences and creating decision support tools that harness cutting edge modeling techniques and promote the work of environmental scientists and engineers. Despite this potential, the technical expertise required to develop web apps represents a formidable barrier—even for scientists and engineers who are skilled programmers. This paper describes four hurdles that contribute to this barrier and introduces an approach to overcoming these hurdles. We present an open source implementation of this approach, a development and hosting environment for environmental web …

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Open-Loop Electrowetting Actuation With Micro-Stepping, Qi Ni, Daniel E. Capecci, Nathan B. Crane Aug 2016

Open-Loop Electrowetting Actuation With Micro-Stepping, Qi Ni, Daniel E. Capecci, Nathan B. Crane

Faculty Publications

Microfluidic-driven mechanical actuation opens new possibilities for positioning and manipulating delicate small components. However, existing microfluidic actuation methods are not well-suited to positioning with high resolution. This paper reports a method for precise, open-loop control of droplet position in finite steps by varying the duty cycle of the input signal in electrowetting actuation. When wetted to a solid object, both the droplet and the solid can be actuated. Unlike conventional electrowetting actuation methods, positioning resolution in our proposed method can be much smaller than the size of the underlying electrodes without requiring closed loop feedback control system. Using a leaky …

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Dynamics Of Wrist And Forearm Rotation In 3dof, Allan Peaden Aug 2016

Dynamics Of Wrist And Forearm Rotation In 3dof, Allan Peaden

Biomedical Engineering Western Regional Conference

Healthy upper limb movement generally involves multiple degrees of freedom moving in synchrony. Although these movements often appear simple, there are complex underlying forces required to give them their grace. Understanding these forces will both aid in developing our understanding of human motor control, and provide insight for the design of ergonomic and therapeutic devices. One cause for the complexity of these forces is coupling between the various degrees of freedom (DOF), where a displacement or motion in one DOF will induce a force in another. Coupling therefore requires applied compensatory forces in joints not directly involved in an intended …

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Effects Of Wrist Orthoses On Wrist Dynamics, Daniel Seegmiller Aug 2016

Effects Of Wrist Orthoses On Wrist Dynamics, Daniel Seegmiller

Biomedical Engineering Western Regional Conference

Wrist orthoses are commonly used to cope with the myriad of disorders associated with the hand and wrist. These orthoses can be complex or simple, physician-prescribed or self-administered, custom-made or off-the-shelf, but one thing they all have in common is the desired goal to alter wrist motion in order to allow healing and facilitate proper wrist function. Although wrist orthoses have been in use for a very long time, there is little to no quantitative research into how they affect the dynamics of the wrist joint. Because the dynamics of the wrist-orthosis system are unknown, it is impossible to predict …

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Performance Of Dynamically Simulated Reference Patterns For Cross Correlation Ebsd, Brian Jackson, Jordan Christensen, Saransh Singh, Marc De Graef, David T. Fullwood, Eric Richards Homer, Robert Wagoner Aug 2016

Performance Of Dynamically Simulated Reference Patterns For Cross Correlation Ebsd, Brian Jackson, Jordan Christensen, Saransh Singh, Marc De Graef, David T. Fullwood, Eric Richards Homer, Robert Wagoner

Faculty Publications

High-resolution (or \cross-correlation") electron backscatter diffraction analysis (HR-EBSD) utilizes cross-correlation techniques to determine relative orientation and distortion of an experimental electron backscatter diffraction pattern (EBSP) with respect to a reference pattern. The integrity of absolute strain and tetragonality measurements of a standard Si/SiGe material have previously been analyzed using reference patterns produced by kinematical simulation. While the results were promising, the noise levels were significantly higher for kinematically produced patterns, compared to real patterns taken from the Si region of the sample. This paper applies HR-EBSD techniques to analyze lattice distortion in a Si/SiGe sample, using recently developed dynamically simulated …

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Application Of Voltammetry For Electroanalytical Measurement Of Concentrations In Lacl3-Mgcl2 Mixtures In Eutectic Licl-Kcl, Zhonghang Wang, Devin Rappleye, C S. Yang, Michael Simpson Aug 2016

Application Of Voltammetry For Electroanalytical Measurement Of Concentrations In Lacl3-Mgcl2 Mixtures In Eutectic Licl-Kcl, Zhonghang Wang, Devin Rappleye, C S. Yang, Michael Simpson

Faculty Publications

For electroanalytical measurement of molten chloride salts, various voltammetry methods have been used on mixtures of MgCl2 and LaCl3 in eutectic LiCl-KCl. These salt mixtures are of primary interest to spent nuclear fuel electrorefining systems. MgCl2 is used as a surrogate for PuCl3, while LaCl3 represents rare earth fission product salts. Cyclic voltammetry scans with these salt mixtures exhibited extra peaks, presumably due to underpotential deposition of La(III) ions onto Mg. Quantitatively, the current contribution from each peak was best determined using normal pulse voltammetry and fit to the Cottrell equation. This yielded linear …

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Water Resources And Hydrologic Forecasting, Jim Nelson Aug 2016

Water Resources And Hydrologic Forecasting, Jim Nelson

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

This research will advance stream forecasting capabilities by harnessing the power of cloud computing and visualization technologies.

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Interpersonal Implications, James Smith Aug 2016

Interpersonal Implications, James Smith

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Developing tools and processes that support trust building and effective collaborative interactions between players in the built environment

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Lithium-Ion Batteries, Dean R. Carreon Romero Aug 2016

Lithium-Ion Batteries, Dean R. Carreon Romero

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Electrochemical systems are fundamental to numerous applications, including batteries, fuel cells, and electrolysis. Accurate modeling of these systems is essential for improving their efficiency, performance, and longevity. This research focuses on the process of modeling electrochemical systems and conducting experiments to measure the local electronic and ionic conductivity of electrodes.

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Microfluidics, Armando P. Carreon Romero Aug 2016

Microfluidics, Armando P. Carreon Romero

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

his research focuses on leveraging micro and nanofabrication techniques to develop advanced microfluidic devices and systems. These innovations hold promise for a wide range of applications, from biomedical diagnostics to environmental monitoring and optical communications.

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Advanced Microwave Remote Sensing, David Long Aug 2016

Advanced Microwave Remote Sensing, David Long

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

New Techniques for reconstruction SIR/AVE optimized for ASCAR. Bayes estimator selection to optimally select between wind-only, and rain-only correction

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Tissue Engineering, Alonzo Cook Aug 2016

Tissue Engineering, Alonzo Cook

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

This research will drive significant advancements in biomedical engineering, addressing critical health issues across cardiovascular repair, neuroscience, vision, renal function, and orthopedics. By developing innovative technologies and therapies, the study aims to improve patient outcomes and quality of life

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Biomedical Engineering, William Pitt Aug 2016

Biomedical Engineering, William Pitt

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Polymeric biomedical materials and drug delivery, with recent emphasis on blood sepsis diagnostics. Today I am looking for collaboration in mathematical modeling of instabilities in sheared 2 phase flow.

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A System Of Solar Devices In Public Places For Helping Meet Energy Demand, John Salmon Aug 2016

A System Of Solar Devices In Public Places For Helping Meet Energy Demand, John Salmon

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

The BYU Engineering and System Design Lab has an alternative energy research group exploring how to embed solar devices throughout our community and campus

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Fundamental Principles Of Tremor Propagation In The Upper Limb, Andrew Doran Davidson Aug 2016

Fundamental Principles Of Tremor Propagation In The Upper Limb, Andrew Doran Davidson

Theses and Dissertations

Although tremor is the most common movement disorder, there exist few effective tremor-suppressing devices, in part because the characteristics of tremor throughout the upper limb are unknown. To clarify, optimally suppressing tremor requires a knowledge of the mechanical origin, propagation, and distribution of tremor throughout the upper limb. Here we present the first systematic investigation of how tremor propagates between the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist. We simulated tremor propagation using a linear, time-invariant, lumped-parameter musculoskeletal model relating joint torques and the resulting joint displacements. The model focused on the seven main degrees of freedom (DOF) from the shoulder to …

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Packing Sheet Materials Into Cylinders And Prisms Using Origami-Based Approaches, Jared Thomas Bruton Aug 2016

Packing Sheet Materials Into Cylinders And Prisms Using Origami-Based Approaches, Jared Thomas Bruton

Theses and Dissertations

Packing sheet materials into cylinders and prisms using Origami-based approaches (Soft Origami or traditional Origami) is of interest in fields where sheet materials need folded into cylinders or prisms. Fully-dense packing has application in fields where a sheet material is to be folded with minimal gaps into a cylinder or prism. Partially-dense packing is applicable to fields where gaps are required between packed surfaces or where hollow volumes are to be filled, such as in fluid filter design. Soft Origami is explored as a method for folding soft-sheet materials into fully-dense cylinders. Two fold patterns, the "flasher'' and the "inverted-cone …

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A Visual Return-To-Home System For Gps-Denied Flight, Benjamin Paul Lewis Aug 2016

A Visual Return-To-Home System For Gps-Denied Flight, Benjamin Paul Lewis

Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned aerial vehicle technology is rapidly maturing. In recent years, the sight of hobbyist aircraft has become more common. Corporations and governments are also interested in using drone aircraft for applications such as package delivery, surveillance and communications. These autonomous UAV technologies demand robust systems that perform under any circumstances. Many UAV applications rely on GPS to obtain information about their location and velocity. However, the GPS system has known vulnerabilities, including environmental signal degradation, terrestrial or solar weather, or malicious attacks such as GPS spoofing. These conditions occur with enough frequency to cause concern. Without a GPS signal, the …

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