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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Reviewing The American University Law Review On Extraterritoriality: A Critical Response To Viki Economides, Note, Tianrui Group Co. V. Itc: The Dubious Status Of Extraterritoriality And The Domestic Industry Requirement Requirement Of Section 337(Link), Jonathan R. K. Stroud
Jonathan R. K. Stroud
Recently, the Federal Circuit upheld the Commission’s decision to exclude goods based on a trade secret violation that largely happened abroad. The American University Law Review critiqued that decision on two grounds: First, that a presumption against extraterritorial application of U.S. law applied; and second, that licensing alone could not establish a domestic industry. The American University Law Review's critique remains incomplete, however, as the Federal Circuit correctly decided the case for at least two reasons. first, the Federal Circuit correctly applied the “extraterritorial presumption” canon of construction; and second, the recent Federal Circuit decision in InterDigital Communications LLC v. …
Developing Regional Building Inventories: Lessons From The Field, Thalia Anagnos, Mary Comerio, Christine Goulet, Peter J. May, Marjorie Greene, David L. Mccormick, David Bonowitz
Developing Regional Building Inventories: Lessons From The Field, Thalia Anagnos, Mary Comerio, Christine Goulet, Peter J. May, Marjorie Greene, David L. Mccormick, David Bonowitz
Thalia Anagnos
Between 2008 and 2011 members of the Concrete Coalition completed numerous building inventories of California cities to assemble a database of California pre-1980 concrete buildings. Inventory collectors used a variety of data sources ranging from county assessors files to Sanborn maps and satellite images. Sidewalk surveys were used to corroborate data collected from multiple sources, and a regression model was developed to extrapolate data to cities where detailed inventory collection was not possible. Lessons drawn from inventories of three cities – Alameda, Los Angeles, and San Francisco – indicate that no single approach can be recommended, but instead the approach …
Editorial: Social Implications Of Technology- “Il Buono, Il Brutto, Il Cattivo”, Katina Michael
Editorial: Social Implications Of Technology- “Il Buono, Il Brutto, Il Cattivo”, Katina Michael
Professor Katina Michael
Late last year, IEEE SSIT was invited to put together a paper for the centennial edition of Proceedings of the IEEE that was published in May 2012. The paper titled, “Social Implications of Technology: The Past, the Present, and the Future,” brought together five members of SSIT with varying backgrounds, and two intense months of collaboration and exchange of ideas. I personally felt privileged to be working with Karl D. Stephan, Emily Anesta, Laura Jacobs and M.G. Michael on this project.
Rapid Inversion: Running Animals And Robots Swing Like A Pendulum Under Ledges, Jean-Michel Mongeau, Brian Mcrae, Ardian Jusufi, Paul Birkmeyer, Aaron M. Hoover, Ronald Fearing, Robert J. Full
Rapid Inversion: Running Animals And Robots Swing Like A Pendulum Under Ledges, Jean-Michel Mongeau, Brian Mcrae, Ardian Jusufi, Paul Birkmeyer, Aaron M. Hoover, Ronald Fearing, Robert J. Full
Aaron M. Hoover
Escaping from predators often demands that animals rapidly negotiate complex environments. The smallest animals attain relatively fast speeds with high frequency leg cycling, wing flapping or body undulations, but absolute speeds are slow compared to larger animals. Instead, small animals benefit from the advantages of enhanced maneuverability in part due to scaling. Here, we report a novel behavior in small, legged runners that may facilitate their escape by disappearance from predators. We video recorded cockroaches and geckos rapidly running up an incline toward a ledge, digitized their motion and created a simple model to generalize the behavior. Both species ran …
Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities In Microchannels With Time Periodic Forcing, David Boy, Brian D. Storey
Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities In Microchannels With Time Periodic Forcing, David Boy, Brian D. Storey
Brian Storey
In microfluidic applications it has been observed that flows with spatial gradients in electrical conductivity are unstable under the application of sufficiently strong electric fields. These electrohydrodynamic instabilities can drive a nonlinear flow despite the low Reynolds number. Such flows hold promise as a simple mechanism for mixing fluids. In this work, the effect of a time periodic electric field on the instability is explored. The case where an electric field is applied across a diffuse interface of two fluids with varying electrical conductivity is considered. Frequency-dependent behavior is found only in the regime where the instability growth rates are …
Electrokinetic Instabilities In Thin Microchannels, Brian D. Storey, Burt S. Tilley, Hao Lin, Juan G. Santiago
Electrokinetic Instabilities In Thin Microchannels, Brian D. Storey, Burt S. Tilley, Hao Lin, Juan G. Santiago
Brian Storey
An important class of electrokinetic, microfluidic devices aims to pump and control electrolyte working liquids that have spatial gradients in conductivity. These high-gradient flows can become unstable under the application of a sufficiently strong electric field. In many of these designs, flow channels are thin in the direction orthogonal to the main flow and the conductivity gradient. Viscous stresses due to the presence of these walls introduce a stabilizing force that plays a major role in determining the overall instability. A thin channel model for fluid flow is developed and shown to provide good agreement with a complete three-dimensional model …
A Depth-Averaged Electrokinetic Flow Model For Shallow Microchannels, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Juan G. Santiago
A Depth-Averaged Electrokinetic Flow Model For Shallow Microchannels, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Juan G. Santiago
Brian Storey
Electrokinetic flows with heterogeneous conductivity configuration occur widely in microfluidic applications such as sample stacking and multidimensional assays. Electromechanical coupling in these flows may lead to complex flow phenomena, such as sample dispersion due to electro-osmotic velocity mismatch, and electrokinetic instability (EKI). In this work we develop a generalized electrokinetic model suitable for the study of microchannel flows with conductivity gradients and shallow-channel geometry. An asymptotic analysis is performed with the channel depth-to-width ratio as a smallness parameter, and the three-dimensional equations are reduced to a set of depth-averaged equations governing in-plane flow dynamics. The momentum equation uses a Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer-type …
Instability Of Electro-Osmotic Channel Flow With Streamwise Conductivity Gradients, Jose Santos, Brian D. Storey
Instability Of Electro-Osmotic Channel Flow With Streamwise Conductivity Gradients, Jose Santos, Brian D. Storey
Brian Storey
This work considers the stability of an electro-osmotic microchannel flow with streamwise electrical conductivity gradients, a configuration common in microfluidic applications such as field amplified sample stacking. Previous work on such flows has focused on how streamwise conductivity gradients set a nonuniform electro-osmotic velocity which results in dispersion of the conductivity field. However, it has been known for many years that electric fields can couple with conductivity gradients to generate unstable flows. This work demonstrates that at high electric fields such an electrohydrodynamic instability arises in this configuration and the basic mechanisms are explored through numerical simulations. The instability is …
Argon Rectification And The Cause Of Light Emission In Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Argon Rectification And The Cause Of Light Emission In Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Brian Storey
In single-bubble sonoluminescence, repeated brief flashes of light are produced in a gas bubble strongly driven by a periodic acoustic field. A startling hypothesis has been made by Lohse and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1359 (1997)] that the non-noble gases in an air bubble undergo chemical reaction into soluble products, leaving only argon. In the present work, this dissociation hypothesis is supported by simulations, although the associated temperatures of about 7000 K seem too low for bremsstrahlung, which has been proposed as the dominant light emission mechanism. This suggests that emission from water vapor and its reaction products, heretofore …
Steric Effects On Ac Electro-Osmosis In Dilute Electrolytes, Brian D. Storey, Lee Edwards, Mustafa Sabri Kilic, Martin Z. Bazant
Steric Effects On Ac Electro-Osmosis In Dilute Electrolytes, Brian D. Storey, Lee Edwards, Mustafa Sabri Kilic, Martin Z. Bazant
Brian Storey
The current theory of alternating-current electro-osmosis (ACEO) is unable to explain the experimentally observed flow reversal of planar ACEO pumps at high frequency (above the peak, typically 10–100 kHz), low salt concentration (1–1000 μM), and moderate voltage (2–6 V), even taking into account Faradaic surface reactions, nonlinear double-layer capacitance, and bulk electrothermal flows. We attribute this failure to the breakdown of the classical Poisson-Boltzmann model of the diffuse double layer, which assumes a dilute solution of pointlike ions. In spite of low bulk salt concentration, the large voltage induced across the double layer leads to crowding of the ions and …
Inertially Driven Inhomogeneities In Violently Collapsing Bubbles: The Validity Of The Rayleigh-Plesset Equation, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Inertially Driven Inhomogeneities In Violently Collapsing Bubbles: The Validity Of The Rayleigh-Plesset Equation, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Brian Storey
When a bubble collapses mildly the interior pressure field is spatially uniform; this is an assumption often made to close the Rayleigh-Plesset equation of bubble dynamics. The present work is a study of the self-consistency of this assumption, particularly in the case of violent collapses. To begin, an approximation is developed for a spatially non-uniform pressure field, which in a violent collapse is inertially driven. Comparisons of this approximation show good agreement with direct numerical solutions of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with heat and mass transfer. With knowledge of the departures from pressure uniformity in strongly forced bubbles, one is …
Rayleigh-Taylor Instability Of Violently Collapsing Bubbles, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Rayleigh-Taylor Instability Of Violently Collapsing Bubbles, Hao Lin, Brian D. Storey, Andrew J. Szeri
Brian Storey
In a classical paper Plesset has determined conditions under which a bubble changing in volume maintains a spherical shape. The stability analysis was further developed by Prosperetti to include the effects of liquid viscosity on the evolving shape modes. In the present work the theory is further modified to include the changing density of the bubble contents. The latter is found to be important in violent collapses where the densities of the gas and vapor within a bubble may approach densities of the liquid outside. This exerts a stabilizing influence on the Rayleigh–Taylor mechanism of shape instability of spherical bubbles. …
Bulk Electroconvective Instability At High Péclet Numbers, Brian D. Storey, Boris Zaltzman, Isaak Rubinstein
Bulk Electroconvective Instability At High Péclet Numbers, Brian D. Storey, Boris Zaltzman, Isaak Rubinstein
Brian Storey
Bulk electroconvection pertains to flow induced by the action of a mean electric field upon the residual space charge in the macroscopic regions of a locally quasielectroneutral strong electrolyte. For a long time, controversy has existed in the literature as to whether quiescent electric conduction from such an electrolyte into a uniform charge-selective solid, such as a metal electrode or ion exchange membrane, is stable with respect to bulk electroconvection. While it was recently claimed that bulk electroconvective instability could not occur, this claim pertained to an aqueous, low-molecular-weight electrolyte characterized by an order-unity electroconvection Péclet number. In this paper, …
Field-Amplified Sample Stacking And Focusing In Nanofluidic Channels, Jess M. Sustarich, Brian D. Storey, Sumita Pennathur
Field-Amplified Sample Stacking And Focusing In Nanofluidic Channels, Jess M. Sustarich, Brian D. Storey, Sumita Pennathur
Brian Storey
Nanofluidic technology is gaining popularity for bioanalytical applications due to advances in both nanofabrication and design. One major obstacle in the widespread adoption of such technology for bioanalytical systems is efficient detection of samples due to the inherently low analyte concentrations present in such systems. This problem is exacerbated by the push for electronic detection, which requires an even higher sensor-local sample concentration than optical detection. This paper explores one of the most common preconcentration techniques, field-amplified sample stacking, in nanofluidic systems in efforts to alleviate this obstacle. Holding the ratio of background electrolyte concentrations constant, the parameters of channel …
Are Engineering And Social Justice (In)Commensurable? A Theoretical Exploration Of Macro-Sociological Frameworks, Jon A. Leydens, Juan C. Lucena, Jen Schneider
Are Engineering And Social Justice (In)Commensurable? A Theoretical Exploration Of Macro-Sociological Frameworks, Jon A. Leydens, Juan C. Lucena, Jen Schneider
Jen Schneider
The degree to which engineering and social justice as fields of practice are (in)commensurable remains an open question. To illuminate important dimensions of that question, we explore intersections between those fields and two macro-sociological frameworks. Those theoretical frameworks—structural functionalism and social conflict—represent contrasting perspectives on how society should be organized. Specifically, we reveal conceptual alignments between structural functionalism and engineering/engineering education and between social conflict and social justice. Those alignments suggest some salient potential catalysts for tensions between engineering and social justice and provide a useful ideological mirror for reflection by all who are committed to the engineering profession and/or …