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2020

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Articles 91 - 120 of 3097

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Adapting A Community Engagement Project In Engineering And Education To Remote Learning In The Era Of Covid-19, Maija A. Benitz, Li-Ling Yang Dec 2020

Adapting A Community Engagement Project In Engineering And Education To Remote Learning In The Era Of Covid-19, Maija A. Benitz, Li-Ling Yang

Engineering, Computing & Construction Management Faculty Publications

In the spring of 2020, our interdisciplinary community engagement project, bridging courses in engineering and education, was midway through completion when we abruptly transitioned to remote learning due to COVID-19. Remote learning poses unique challenges to community engaged courses that are often inherently interactive and social. We quickly pivoted our project, which originally sent undergraduates into fourth grade classrooms to teach about wind energy and engineering design. Student reflection papers illuminate challenges to skill development and negative socioemotional consequences. Our findings provide insight and suggestions for future implementations of community engagement projects in the era of remote learning.

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Geochemistry, Petrology, And Palynology Of The Princess No. 3 Coal, Greenup County, Kentucky, Madison M. Hood, Cortland F. Eble, James C. Hower, Shifeng Dai Dec 2020

Geochemistry, Petrology, And Palynology Of The Princess No. 3 Coal, Greenup County, Kentucky, Madison M. Hood, Cortland F. Eble, James C. Hower, Shifeng Dai

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

The high volatile C bituminous-rank, Bolsovian-age Princess No. 3 coal, a correlative of the heavily-mined Hazard No. 7 coal and the Peach Orchard and Coalburg Lower Split coals, was investigated three sites at a mine in Greenup County, Kentucky. The coal exhibits a “dulling upwards” trend, with decreasing vitrinite and a greater tendency towards dull clarain and bone lithotypes towards the top of the coal. The relatively vitrinite-rich basal lithotype is marked by a dominance of lycopod tree spores. The palynology transitions upwards to a middle parting co-dominated by tree fern and small lycopod spores and an upper bench dominated …

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Subsystem Identification Of Feedback And Feedforward Systems With Time Delay, S. Alireza Seyyed Mousavi, Xingye Zhang, Thomas M. Seigler, Jesse B. Hoagg Dec 2020

Subsystem Identification Of Feedback And Feedforward Systems With Time Delay, S. Alireza Seyyed Mousavi, Xingye Zhang, Thomas M. Seigler, Jesse B. Hoagg

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

We present an algorithm for identifying discrete-time feedback-and-feedforward subsystems with time delay that are interconnected in closed loop with a known subsystem. This frequency-domain algorithm uses only measured input and output data from a closed-loop discrete-time system, which is single input and single output. No internal signals are assumed to be measured. The orders of the unknown feedback and feedforward transfer functions are assumed to be known. We use a two-candidate-pool multi-convex-optimization approach to identify not only the feedback and feedforward transfer functions but also the feedback and feedforward time delay. The algorithm guarantees asymptotic stability of the identified closed-loop …

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Ultrafast Spin-Currents And Charge Conversion At 3d-5d Interfaces Probed By Time-Domain Terahertz Spectroscopy, T. H. Dang, J. Hawecker, E. Rongione, G. Baez Flores, D. Q. To, J. C. Rojas-Sanchez, H. Nong, J. Mangeney, J. Tignon, F. Godel, S. Collin, P. Seneor, M. Bibes, A. Fert, M. Anane, J. M. George, L. Vila, M. Cosset-Cheneau, D. Dolfi, R. Lebrun, P. Bortolotti, Kirill Belashchenko, S. Dhillon, H. Jaffrès Dec 2020

Ultrafast Spin-Currents And Charge Conversion At 3d-5d Interfaces Probed By Time-Domain Terahertz Spectroscopy, T. H. Dang, J. Hawecker, E. Rongione, G. Baez Flores, D. Q. To, J. C. Rojas-Sanchez, H. Nong, J. Mangeney, J. Tignon, F. Godel, S. Collin, P. Seneor, M. Bibes, A. Fert, M. Anane, J. M. George, L. Vila, M. Cosset-Cheneau, D. Dolfi, R. Lebrun, P. Bortolotti, Kirill Belashchenko, S. Dhillon, H. Jaffrès

Kirill Belashchenko Publications

Spintronic structures are extensively investigated for their spin-orbit torque properties, required for magnetic commutation functionalities. Current progress in these materials is dependent on the interface engineering for the optimization of spin transmission. Here, we advance the analysis of ultrafast spin-charge conversion phenomena at ferromagnetic-Transition metal interfaces due to their inverse spin-Hall effect properties. In particular, the intrinsic inverse spin-Hall effect of Pt-based systems and extrinsic inverse spin-Hall effect of Au:W and Au:Ta in NiFe/Au:(W,Ta) bilayers are investigated. The spin-charge conversion is probed by complementary techniques-ultrafast THz time-domain spectroscopy in the dynamic regime for THz pulse emission and ferromagnetic resonance spin-pumping …

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Development Of A Self-Powered Weigh-In-Motion System, Athanassios Papagiannakis, Sarah Ahmed, Samer Dessouky, Reza Khalili, Gopal Vishwakarma Dec 2020

Development Of A Self-Powered Weigh-In-Motion System, Athanassios Papagiannakis, Sarah Ahmed, Samer Dessouky, Reza Khalili, Gopal Vishwakarma

Publications

This report describes the development of a novel weigh-in-motion (WIM) system that utilizes piezoelectric elements for sensing load and powering an ultra-low power microcontroller unit (MCU) that serves as its data acquisition system. A system of 4 piezoelectric (PZT) stacks serves as the energy harvester, while load sensing is done via a set of 4 PZT elements connected in parallel. Two alternative MCUs were considered, with various data handling capabilities and power consumption requirements. These MCUs have very short “wake-up” times allowing vehicle sensing without the need for inductive loops commonly used in conventional WIM systems. Special electric circuits were …

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Do Greenhouse Gases Impact Our Respiratory System? A Study Of The Effect Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions On Respiratory Disease Related Mortality In Ireland, Anushree Priyadarshini, Christina Kenny Dec 2020

Do Greenhouse Gases Impact Our Respiratory System? A Study Of The Effect Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions On Respiratory Disease Related Mortality In Ireland, Anushree Priyadarshini, Christina Kenny

Articles

Respiratory-related deaths are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality every year in the developed world. Previous research outlines that greenhouse gas emission levels have a negative effect on respiratory health and can cause worsening of symptoms. This study examines the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on respiratory disease related mortality in Ireland from 2007-2017 using Statbank data from Central Statistics Office, Ireland. Analysis shows that over the last decade, while greenhouse gases emissions in Ireland have reduced by 1.1%, respiratory disease related mortality has increased on an average by 2.1%. Results indicate that greenhouse gas emis- sions …

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Characterization Of A Packaged Triboelectric Harvester Under Simulated Gait Loading For Total Knee Replacement, Nabid Aunjum Hossain, Geofrey George Yamomo, Ryan Willing, Shahrzad Towfighian Dec 2020

Characterization Of A Packaged Triboelectric Harvester Under Simulated Gait Loading For Total Knee Replacement, Nabid Aunjum Hossain, Geofrey George Yamomo, Ryan Willing, Shahrzad Towfighian

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Scholarship

Load sensing total knee replacement (TKR) implants are useful tools for monitoring prosthesis health and providing quantitative data to support patient claims of pain or instability. Powering such devices throughout the entire life of the knee replacement, however, is a challenge, and selfpowered telemetry via energy harvesting is an attractive solution. Herein, we implemented vertical contact mode triboelectric energy harvesters inside a knee implant package to generate the power required for embedded digitization and communications circuitry. The harvesters produce small-scale electric power from physiologically relevant loads transmitted through the knee. Experiments were performed on a joint motion simulator with an …

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Predicting Residential Energy Consumption Using Wavelet Decomposition With Deep Neural Network, Dagimawi Eneyew, Miriam A M Capretz, Girma Bitsuamlak, London Hydro Dec 2020

Predicting Residential Energy Consumption Using Wavelet Decomposition With Deep Neural Network, Dagimawi Eneyew, Miriam A M Capretz, Girma Bitsuamlak, London Hydro

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Electricity consumption is accelerating due to economic and population growth. Hence, energy consumption prediction is becoming vital for overall consumption management and infrastructure planning. Recent advances in smart electric meter technology are making high-resolution energy consumption data available. However, many parameters influencing energy consumption are not typically monitored for residential buildings. Therefore, this study’s main objective is to develop a data-driven energy consumption forecasting model (next-hour consumption) for residential houses solely based on analyzing electricity consumption data. This research proposes a deep neural network architecture that combines stationary wavelet transform features and convolutional neural networks. The proposed approach utilizes automatically …

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Network-Level Mechanisms Underlying Effects Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs) On Visuomotor Learning, Pejman Sehatpour, Clément Dondé, Matthew J. Hoptman, Johanna Kreither, Devin Adair, Elisa Dias, Blair Vail, Stephanie Rohrig, Gail Silipo, Javier Lopez-Calderon, Antigona Martinez, Daniel C. Javitt Dec 2020

Network-Level Mechanisms Underlying Effects Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs) On Visuomotor Learning, Pejman Sehatpour, Clément Dondé, Matthew J. Hoptman, Johanna Kreither, Devin Adair, Elisa Dias, Blair Vail, Stephanie Rohrig, Gail Silipo, Javier Lopez-Calderon, Antigona Martinez, Daniel C. Javitt

Publications and Research

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation approach in which low level currents are administered over the scalp to influence underlying brain function. Prevailing theories of tDCS focus on modulation of excitation-inhibition balance at the local stimulation location. However, network level effects are reported as well, and appear to depend upon differential underlying mechanisms. Here, we evaluated potential network-level effects of tDCS during the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) using convergent EEG- and fMRI-based connectivity approaches. Motor learning manifested as a significant (p <.0001) shift from slow to fast responses and corresponded to a significant increase in beta-coherence (p <.0001) and fMRI connectivity (p <.01) particularly within the visual-motor pathway. Differential patterns of tDCS effect were observed within different parametric task versions, consistent with network models. Overall, these findings demonstrate objective physiological effects of tDCS at the network level that result in effective behavioral modulation when tDCS parameters are matched to network-level requirements of the underlying task.

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Material Model Characterization Of A Ti/Sic Metal Matrix Nanocomposite Coating Subjected To Hypervelocity Impact, Pouya Shojaei, Riccardo Scazzosi, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan Otoole, Marco Giglio, Xing Zhang, Yiliang Liao, Andrea Manes Dec 2020

Material Model Characterization Of A Ti/Sic Metal Matrix Nanocomposite Coating Subjected To Hypervelocity Impact, Pouya Shojaei, Riccardo Scazzosi, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan Otoole, Marco Giglio, Xing Zhang, Yiliang Liao, Andrea Manes

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research

Titanium alloys have been extensively used in the aerospace industry because of their outstanding properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratios, high corrosion resistances, and high melting points. However, it is hypothesized that the performance of titanium alloys can be further enhanced to be more resistant to hypervelocity impact by coating them. Earlier experimental investigations showed that coating a Ti-6Al-4V substrate by Ti/SiC Metal Matrix Nanocomposite (MMNC) improved hypervelocity impact resistance of the composite. The coating had 7% SiC by volume. These experiments were simulated using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) modeling approach. Johnson-Cook material models were used for the Ti-6Al-4V …

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Innovative Approach To Repair Corroded Steel Piles Using Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Binod Shrestha, Ahmed Gheni, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady Dec 2020

Innovative Approach To Repair Corroded Steel Piles Using Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Binod Shrestha, Ahmed Gheni, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Steel H-piles are a common structural system in existing bridges. Many steel H-piles have been corroded as a result of severe weather and acid/alkaline salt exposures, causing a reduction in the axial load capacity. This paper experimentally investigates the use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) encasement as a novel repair method for corroded steel H-pile. UHPC displays better tensile strength, early compressive strength, workability, and durability compared with conventional concrete. The proposed repair is used to bridge the corroded section in H-pile using either a cast-in-place or precast UHPC elements. A series of push-out tests was conducted on eight full-scale …

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Racial Diversity In Aviation, Lindsay Stevenson, Haydee M. Cuevas, Katie S. Kirkpatrick Dec 2020

Racial Diversity In Aviation, Lindsay Stevenson, Haydee M. Cuevas, Katie S. Kirkpatrick

Student Works

Commercial aviation has grown rapidly since the 1950s yet racial diversity in the aviation workforce has showed little progress. To explore this issue, this archival study was conducted to examine the representation of Black individuals in aviation occupations and other specialized professions from 2009 to 2018. Data were obtained from the American Community Survey using Public Use Microdata Sample from the United States Census Bureau. The frequency count and percent were calculated each year for each occupation by race (White or Black). Five aviation occupations were selected for comparison: aircraft pilot and flight engineer; air traffic controller and airfield operations …

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An Efficient 3-D Stochastic Hie-Fdtd Algorithm For Investigation Of Statistical Variation In Electromagnetic Field, Kaikun Niu, Zhixiang Huang, Xingang Ren, Ke Xu, Minquan Li, Xianliang Wu, Ping Li, Lijun Jiang, Hakan Bagci Dec 2020

An Efficient 3-D Stochastic Hie-Fdtd Algorithm For Investigation Of Statistical Variation In Electromagnetic Field, Kaikun Niu, Zhixiang Huang, Xingang Ren, Ke Xu, Minquan Li, Xianliang Wu, Ping Li, Lijun Jiang, Hakan Bagci

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We propose a stochastic hybrid implicit-explicit finite-difference time-domain method (S-HIE-FDTD) to compute the mean and variance of the electromagnetic (EM) fields using a single simulation, given those of the conductivity and permittivity in the computation domain. The mean and variance field update equations underlying the proposed method are derived from the field update equations of the 'traditional' deterministic HIE-FDTD. The Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition of the S-HIE-FDTD depends on the spatial discretization sizes only in two dimensions; therefore, for computation domains with fine geometric features only in the remaining dimension, it uses a time step size that is larger than that of …

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Combining Bert With Contextual Linguistic Features For Identification Of Propaganda Spans In News Articles, Arjumand Younus, Muhammad Atif Qureshi Dec 2020

Combining Bert With Contextual Linguistic Features For Identification Of Propaganda Spans In News Articles, Arjumand Younus, Muhammad Atif Qureshi

Conference papers

Recent endeavours at detection of propaganda in news articles treat this as a fine-grained problem of detecting it within fragments; and hence, transformer based embeddings perform decently in such detection. We build our propaganda detection framework on top of a transformer model simultaneously enriching it with contextual linguistic information of surrounding part-of-speech tags and LIWC categories the word itself belongs to. The evaluation outcomes being encouraging indicate a huge potential for this line of reasoning in natural language processing of news text.

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Machine-Learning-Based Hybrid Method For The Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm, Jia Jing Sun, Sheng Sun, Yongpin P. Chen, Lijun Jiang, Jun Hu Dec 2020

Machine-Learning-Based Hybrid Method For The Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm, Jia Jing Sun, Sheng Sun, Yongpin P. Chen, Lijun Jiang, Jun Hu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this letter, a hybrid translation computation method for the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is proposed based on machine learning. The hybrid method combines both generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and artificial neural network (ANN) to replace the traditional translation procedure during the solving process of the MLFMA. Based on the data corresponding to every one of the interaction list boxes at each level, the hybrid neural network is trained. Comparing with the previous machine learning method in this field, the proposed model is more general, and with lower complexity since it inherits the accuracy of the GRNN as …

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Identifying Depressive Symptoms From Tweets: Figurative Language Enabled Multitask Learning Framework, Shweta Yadav, Jainish Chauhan, Joy Prakash Sain, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Amit P. Sheth, Jeremiah Schumm Dec 2020

Identifying Depressive Symptoms From Tweets: Figurative Language Enabled Multitask Learning Framework, Shweta Yadav, Jainish Chauhan, Joy Prakash Sain, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Amit P. Sheth, Jeremiah Schumm

Publications

Existing studies on using social media for deriving mental health status of users focus on the depression detection task. However, for case management and referral to psychiatrists, healthcare workers require practical and scalable depressive disorder screening and triage system. This study aims to design and evaluate a decision support system (DSS) to reliably determine the depressive triage level by capturing fine-grained depressive symptoms expressed in user tweets through the emulation of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) that is routinely used in clinical practice. The reliable detection of depressive symptoms from tweets is challenging because the 280-character limit on tweets incentivizes the …

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Optimal Collaborative Path Planning For Unmanned Surface Vehicles Carried By A Parent Boat Along A Planned Route, Ari Carisza Graha Prasetia, I-Lin Wang, Aldy Gunawan Dec 2020

Optimal Collaborative Path Planning For Unmanned Surface Vehicles Carried By A Parent Boat Along A Planned Route, Ari Carisza Graha Prasetia, I-Lin Wang, Aldy Gunawan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, an effective mechanism using a fleet of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) carried by a parent boat (PB) is proposed to complete search or scientific tasks over multiple target water areas within a shorter time . Specifically, multiple USVs can be launched from the PB to conduct such operations simultaneously, and each USV can return to the PB for battery recharging or swapping and data collection in order to continue missions in a more extended range. The PB itself follows a planned route with a flexible schedule taking into consideration locational constraints or collision avoidance in a real-world …

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Microglia Control Vascular Architecture Via A Tgfβ1 Dependent Paracrine Mechanism Linked To Tissue Mechanics, Tejasvi Dudiki, Julia Meller, Gautam Mahajan, Huan Liu, Irina Zhevlakova, Samantha Stefl, Conner Witherow, Eugene Podrez, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Tatiana V. Byzova Dec 2020

Microglia Control Vascular Architecture Via A Tgfβ1 Dependent Paracrine Mechanism Linked To Tissue Mechanics, Tejasvi Dudiki, Julia Meller, Gautam Mahajan, Huan Liu, Irina Zhevlakova, Samantha Stefl, Conner Witherow, Eugene Podrez, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Tatiana V. Byzova

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

© 2020, The Author(s). Tissue microarchitecture and mechanics are important in development and pathologies of the Central Nervous System (CNS); however, their coordinating mechanisms are unclear. Here, we report that during colonization of the retina, microglia contacts the deep layer of high stiffness, which coincides with microglial bipolarization, reduction in TGFβ1 signaling and termination of vascular growth. Likewise, stiff substrates induce microglial bipolarization and diminish TGFβ1 expression in hydrogels. Both microglial bipolarization in vivo and the responses to stiff substrates in vitro require intracellular adaptor Kindlin3 but not microglial integrins. Lack of Kindlin3 causes high microglial contractility, dysregulation of ERK …

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Examining The Role Of Spatial Skills And Mathematics Motivation On Middle School Mathematics Achievement, Kinnari Atit, Jason R. Power, Norma Veurink, David H. Uttal, Sheryl Sorby, Grace Panther, Camille Msall, Logan Fiorella, Martha Carr Dec 2020

Examining The Role Of Spatial Skills And Mathematics Motivation On Middle School Mathematics Achievement, Kinnari Atit, Jason R. Power, Norma Veurink, David H. Uttal, Sheryl Sorby, Grace Panther, Camille Msall, Logan Fiorella, Martha Carr

Michigan Tech Publications

Background: Spatial skills and mathematical ability have been repeatedly identified as critical for achievement in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Previous studies have identified correlations between spatial skills and mathematical achievement; however, questions remain regarding improvements in non-spatial areas associated with STEM achievement. The current study examined whether competency in spatial skills could be related to individuals’ motivation for mathematics. Measures of spatial skills and mathematics motivation were completed by 1056 seventh grade students. Results: Using hierarchical linear modeling, spatial skills and math motivation were examined relative to students’ performance on a state standardized mathematics subtest. Results indicate that …

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Soil-Cement Bricks Produced From Local Clay Brick Waste And Soft Sludge From Fiber Cement Production, Nuntaporn Kongkajun, Edward A. Laitila, Pitcharat Ineure, Wichit Prakaypan, Benya Cherdhirunkorn, Parinya Chakartnarodom Dec 2020

Soil-Cement Bricks Produced From Local Clay Brick Waste And Soft Sludge From Fiber Cement Production, Nuntaporn Kongkajun, Edward A. Laitila, Pitcharat Ineure, Wichit Prakaypan, Benya Cherdhirunkorn, Parinya Chakartnarodom

Michigan Tech Publications

Soil-cement bricks were produced using local clay brick waste (CBW) and soft sludge (SS) from fiber-cement industries, preserving raw resources by substituting with industrial wastes. The control formula to produce soil-cement bricks, is 15 wt% Portland cement, 15 wt% sand, and 70 wt% laterite. Clay brick waste was added with values from 10 to 50 % of laterite weight in the control formula. For SS, 5 and 10 % was used to replace the total weight of the dry mixture in the control formula. The samples were shaped by using a manual brick making machine. The results showed that the …

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Radio Frequency Emissions From Dark-Matter-Candidate Magnetized Quark Nuggets Interacting With Matter, J. Pace Vandevender, C. Jerald Buchenauer, Chunpei Cai, Aaron P. Vandevender, Benjamin A. Ulmen Dec 2020

Radio Frequency Emissions From Dark-Matter-Candidate Magnetized Quark Nuggets Interacting With Matter, J. Pace Vandevender, C. Jerald Buchenauer, Chunpei Cai, Aaron P. Vandevender, Benjamin A. Ulmen

Michigan Tech Publications

Quark nuggets are theoretical objects composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. They are also called strangelets, nuclearites, AQNs, slets, Macros, and MQNs. Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter, which has been a mystery for decades despite constituting ~ 85% of the universe’s mass. Most previous models of quark nuggets have assumed no intrinsic magnetic field; however, Tatsumi found that quark nuggets may exist in magnetars as a ferromagnetic liquid with a magnetic field BS = 1012±1 T. We apply that result to quark nuggets, a dark-matter candidate consistent with the Standard Model, and …

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Medical Knowledge-Enriched Textual Entailment Framework, Shweta Yadav, Vishal Pallagani, Amit P. Sheth Dec 2020

Medical Knowledge-Enriched Textual Entailment Framework, Shweta Yadav, Vishal Pallagani, Amit P. Sheth

Publications

One of the cardinal tasks in achieving robust medical question answering systems is textual entailment. The existing approaches make use of an ensemble of pre-trained language models or data augmentation, often to clock higher numbers on the validation metrics. However, two major shortcomings impede higher success in identifying entailment: (1) understanding the focus/intent of the question and (2) ability to utilize the real-world background knowledge to capture the context beyond the sentence. In this paper, we present a novel Medical Knowledge-Enriched Textual Entailment framework that allows the model to acquire a semantic and global representation of the input medical text …

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A One‐Dimensional Model For Turbulent Mixing In The Benthic Biolayer Of Stream And Coastal Sediments, Stanley B. Grant, Jesus D. Gomez‐Velez, Marco Ghisalberti, Ian Guymer, Fulvio Boano, Kevin Roche, Judson Harvey Dec 2020

A One‐Dimensional Model For Turbulent Mixing In The Benthic Biolayer Of Stream And Coastal Sediments, Stanley B. Grant, Jesus D. Gomez‐Velez, Marco Ghisalberti, Ian Guymer, Fulvio Boano, Kevin Roche, Judson Harvey

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we develop and validate a rigorous modeling framework, based on Duhamel's Theorem, for the unsteady one‐dimensional vertical transport of a solute across a flat sediment‐water interface (SWI) and through the benthic biolayer of a turbulent stream. The modeling framework is novel in capturing the two‐way coupling between evolving solute concentrations above and below the SWI and in allowing for a depth‐varying diffusivity. Three diffusivity profiles within the sediment (constant, exponentially decaying, and a hybrid model) are evaluated against an extensive set of previously published laboratory measurements of turbulent mass transfer across the SWI. The exponential diffusivity profile …

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Polyrad -- Protection Against Free Radical Damage, Hannah Kim, Yin Tse, Andrew Webb, Ethan Mudd, Muhammad Raisul Abedin, Melanie R. Mormile, Subhadeep Dutta, Kaushal Rege, Sutapa Barua Dec 2020

Polyrad -- Protection Against Free Radical Damage, Hannah Kim, Yin Tse, Andrew Webb, Ethan Mudd, Muhammad Raisul Abedin, Melanie R. Mormile, Subhadeep Dutta, Kaushal Rege, Sutapa Barua

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effects of elevated levels of radiation contribute to the instability of pharmaceutical formulations in space compared to those on earth. Existing technologies are ineffective at maintaining the therapeutic efficacies of drugs in space. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel space-hardy formulations for preserving the stability and efficacy of drug formulations. This work aims to develop a novel approach for the protection of space pharmaceutical drug molecules from the radiation-induced damage to help extend or at least preserve their structural integrity and potency. To achieve this, free radical scavenging antioxidant, Trolox was conjugated on the surface of …

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Digital Fabrication Of A Small Diameter Polymer Optical Waveguide, Venkat Rama Bhethanabotla, Thomas M. Weller, Roger Brandon Tipton, John Townsend Bentley, Eduardo Antonio Rojas Dec 2020

Digital Fabrication Of A Small Diameter Polymer Optical Waveguide, Venkat Rama Bhethanabotla, Thomas M. Weller, Roger Brandon Tipton, John Townsend Bentley, Eduardo Antonio Rojas

Publications

A novel polymer optical waveguide and method of manu­facturing is presented herein. A digitally manufactured pro­cess is described which utilizes a micro-dispensed UV optical adhesive as the contour guiding cladding, a fused deposition modeling technology for creating a core, addi­tional optical adhesive to complete the cladding and a subtractive laser process to finish the two ends of the optical interconnect.

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3-D Fabry–Pérot Cavities Sculpted On Fiber Tips Using A Multiphoton Polymerization Process, Jonathan W. Smith, Jeremiah C. Williams, Joseph S. Suelzer, Nicholas G. Usechak, Hengky Chandrahalim Dec 2020

3-D Fabry–Pérot Cavities Sculpted On Fiber Tips Using A Multiphoton Polymerization Process, Jonathan W. Smith, Jeremiah C. Williams, Joseph S. Suelzer, Nicholas G. Usechak, Hengky Chandrahalim

Faculty Publications

This paper presents 3-D Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavities fabricated directly onto cleaved ends of low-loss optical fibers by a two-photon polymerization (2PP) process. This fabrication technique is quick, simple, and inexpensive compared to planar microfabrication processes, which enables rapid prototyping and the ability to adapt to new requirements. These devices also utilize true 3-D design freedom, facilitating the realization of microscale optical elements with challenging geometries. Three different device types were fabricated and evaluated: an unreleased single-cavity device, a released dual-cavity device, and a released hemispherical mirror dual-cavity device. Each iteration improved the quality of the FP cavity's reflection spectrum. The …

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Sequential Damage Study Induced In Fiber Reinforced Composites By Shear And Tensile Stress Using A Newly Developed Arcan Fixture, Israr Ud Din, Shanshan Tu, Pei Hao, Stéphane Panier, Kamran Ahmed Khan, Rehan Umer, Syed Z. H. Shah, Gérald Franz, Muhammad Aamir Dec 2020

Sequential Damage Study Induced In Fiber Reinforced Composites By Shear And Tensile Stress Using A Newly Developed Arcan Fixture, Israr Ud Din, Shanshan Tu, Pei Hao, Stéphane Panier, Kamran Ahmed Khan, Rehan Umer, Syed Z. H. Shah, Gérald Franz, Muhammad Aamir

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This work presents the application of both uniaxial and bi-axial in-plane loads to unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates using a newly developed Arcan fixture, which is a reliable experimental set-up to obtain a uniform shear stress field in a butterfly specimen. The set-up can be used for both damage model validation and parameters identification at various fiber orientations while using the same specimens. A sequential damage study was completed to highlight the influence of diffused damage induced in pure shear on the fiber direction tensile behavior of the laminate. This was accomplished by applying load on the specimens in …

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The Role Of Blockchain Technologies In Power Markets, David Bowker, Fazel Mohammadi, Abdulraheem Al Gami, Alex Bakakat, Andres Alonso, Bhawna Kapoor, Davor Bosnjak, Edileu Cardoso, Erik Cuadros, Gowri Rajappan, Greg Thorpe, Hannah Davis, Hannes Agabus, Hero Morales, Jelena Milosavljevic, Juan Duran Hernandez, Julian Betancur, Marcelo De Araujo, Nasser Al-Shahrani, Toshiyuki Sawa, Umit Cali, Victor Francisco, Victor Tan, Vijay Vadlamudi, Vladislav Berezovsky, Yousef Almarwan, Yulia Zhilkina Dec 2020

The Role Of Blockchain Technologies In Power Markets, David Bowker, Fazel Mohammadi, Abdulraheem Al Gami, Alex Bakakat, Andres Alonso, Bhawna Kapoor, Davor Bosnjak, Edileu Cardoso, Erik Cuadros, Gowri Rajappan, Greg Thorpe, Hannah Davis, Hannes Agabus, Hero Morales, Jelena Milosavljevic, Juan Duran Hernandez, Julian Betancur, Marcelo De Araujo, Nasser Al-Shahrani, Toshiyuki Sawa, Umit Cali, Victor Francisco, Victor Tan, Vijay Vadlamudi, Vladislav Berezovsky, Yousef Almarwan, Yulia Zhilkina

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Blockchain technology offers some significant potential benefits for improving electricity markets. This TB reviews the potential applications for blockchain as energy markets transform. The WG also assessed 37 projects which have already implemented blockchain into energy markets to understand the current level of actual implementation and the benefits in the real world.

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Properties And Performance Of The Basalt-Fiber Reinforced Texture Roof Tiles, Parinya Chakartnarodom, Wichit Prakaypan, Pitcharat Ineure, Nutthita Chuankrerkkul, Edward A. Laitila, Nuntaporn Kongkajun Dec 2020

Properties And Performance Of The Basalt-Fiber Reinforced Texture Roof Tiles, Parinya Chakartnarodom, Wichit Prakaypan, Pitcharat Ineure, Nutthita Chuankrerkkul, Edward A. Laitila, Nuntaporn Kongkajun

Michigan Tech Publications

The mechanical and the physical properties, and the performance of texture roof tiles reinforced with the basalt fibers were observed. The samples of the basalt-fiber reinforced texture roof tiles were produced on the industrial scale by using filter pressing method. After forming, the as-molded samples were air cured and characterized based on ASTM C1185 standard for their mechanical properties and physical properties. In addition, the roof-tile installation test was also performed. The results showed that the samples of the basalt-fiber reinforced texture roof tile (BFRT) could be produced on the industrial scale by using the common setting of the forming …

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Leading Change During The Convergence Of An Epidemic And A Pandemic, Sarah Oerther, Daniel B. Oerther Dec 2020

Leading Change During The Convergence Of An Epidemic And A Pandemic, Sarah Oerther, Daniel B. Oerther

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

As the first wave of COVID-19 cases spread around the globe in early 2020, the healthcare community adopted a medical model that emphasized the use of resources to mitigate viral spread (Oerther & Watson, 2020). Schools, churches, and businesses shutdown, and healthcare facilities – from outpatient clinics to inpatient elective surgeries – were closed or cancelled. Even long-term care facilities, such as nursing homes, limited access of visitors to patients in an attempt at mitigation. And for six months, the healthcare community focused almost exclusively on a medical response to COVID-19, securing stockpiles of ventilators and fast-tracking vaccine development.

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