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Articles 2251 - 2280 of 2904

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Improving Receiver Station-Keeping In Aerial Refueling By Formulating Tanker Motion As Disturbance, Christopher Michael Elliott Jan 2009

Improving Receiver Station-Keeping In Aerial Refueling By Formulating Tanker Motion As Disturbance, Christopher Michael Elliott

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

During aerial refueling operations, the receiver aircraft should hold position within a “refueling box” to maintain the boom-receptacle connection while the tanker aircraft flies in a racetrack maneuver. Prior research work shows, especially in turns, significant difficulty resides in meeting y-deviation requirements, i.e., to stay within the box in the lateral direction. This observation indicates tanker motion as “the biggest disturbance” in turn. The nonlinear equations of motion for the receiver aircraft used in this work are developed in terms of position and orientation states relative to the tanker. Linearization results in a set of equations with tanker motion clearly …

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On The Design Of A Biodegradable Poc-Ha Polymeric Cardiovascular Stent, Joonas Ilmari Ponkala Jan 2009

On The Design Of A Biodegradable Poc-Ha Polymeric Cardiovascular Stent, Joonas Ilmari Ponkala

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The current state of the art in coronary stent technology is mainly populated by metallic stents usually coated with certain drugs to increase biocompatibility, even though experimental biodegradable stents have appeared in the horizon. To design stents from biodegradable polymers one must accurately characterize their mechanical behavior for analysis and optimization.This manuscript presents the process for evaluating the material properties for biodegradable biocompatible POC-HA polymeric composite, techniques for developing the stent models for finite element analysis, and development of material models for finite element analysis. The developed material models were utilized in finite element analysis to evaluate the suitability of …

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Finite Element Analysis Of Forging, Aditya Ashok Battin Jan 2009

Finite Element Analysis Of Forging, Aditya Ashok Battin

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Numerical modeling and simulation of metal forming is very effective in saving production time, effort and economy and has thus gained prominence in many industries all over the world. In metal-forming finite element analysis, software like Deform, Qform, Forge, Simufact, Hyperform are used extensively for the forming analysis. Apart from having narrow applications, these softwares are expensive. The object of this study was to examine the robustness of general package softwares in regards to forging. Software such as Abaqus and Ansys LSDyna were used to simulate the forging process. The case examined was that of a circular metal disc restrained …

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Multi Objective Optimization Of Graphite Heat Spreader For Portable Systems Application, Arijit Banerjee Jan 2009

Multi Objective Optimization Of Graphite Heat Spreader For Portable Systems Application, Arijit Banerjee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The advancement made in portable electronic systems has primarily been due to miniaturization of electronic systems. This in turn leads to an increase in power density which leads to higher temperatures and formation of hot spots. There is a temperature specification of system surfaces for human comfort (such as the surface close to a keyboard on laptops). Challenge in cooling portable devices is that there is not enough room to accommodate heat sinks. It is therefore important to have heat spreaders that can transfer the heat from critical devices to regions where cooling is available. Traditionally, copper has been the …

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A Numerical Study On The Dynamics Of Bubble Growth And Detachment From An Orifice, Sheshi Kumar Takkallapally Jan 2009

A Numerical Study On The Dynamics Of Bubble Growth And Detachment From An Orifice, Sheshi Kumar Takkallapally

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The study of bubble formation from an orifice finds numerous industrial applications which include bubble acoustics in ocean physics and chemical reactors. Numerical simulations have been performed to investigate the dynamics of bubble formation, growth and detachment from an orifice. The full transient Navier - Stokes equation is solved in a two-dimensional axi-symmetrical coordinate system. The surface tension implementation algorithm known as the Pressure Boundary Method (PBM) is used to model the surface tension. The robustness of PBM method on Two-Phase flows with different conditions has been shown. The results achieved by numerical simulations have been compared with the available …

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Heat Transfer Analysis Of A Pulse Detonation Engine, Neelima Kalidindi Jan 2009

Heat Transfer Analysis Of A Pulse Detonation Engine, Neelima Kalidindi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

A thermal analysis of the effect of sensible heat release on the walls of the detonation chamber for stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen/air, octane/air and octane/oxygen was presented. The detonation tube was assumed to operate at 20 Hz and cooled by a water jacket to dissipate the heat from the walls which ensures the effective operation for a longer period. Wall material was assumed to be made of copper because of its high thermal conductivity.The study showed a slow temperature rise along the walls of the combustion chamber for multiple pulses. It can be concluded that due to the space-time averaging …

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Thermal Conduction Equations For A Medium With An Inclusion Using Galerkin Method, Thiagarajan Sivalingam Jan 2009

Thermal Conduction Equations For A Medium With An Inclusion Using Galerkin Method, Thiagarajan Sivalingam

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The Galerkin method is used to semi-analytically solve the heat conduction equation in non-homogeneous materials. The problem under deliberation is a square plate with a circular inclusion having different thermal conductivities. A generalized procedure that involves the Galerkin method and formulation of the final solution in terms of the procured base functions is adopted. The Galerkin method basically involves expressing the given boundary value problem in terms of a standard mathematical relation, generating a set of continuous base functions, formulating the matrix equation, and determining the solution.For the non-homogeneous material, a set of base functions for the plate and inclusion …

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Corrosion And Leaching Study Of Low Copper (I) Oxide Paints For Antifouling Application, Hansika Parekh Jan 2009

Corrosion And Leaching Study Of Low Copper (I) Oxide Paints For Antifouling Application, Hansika Parekh

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Global environmental concern/economy challenges necessitate innovation of AFP's with novel additives offering improved corrosion protection, and biofouling resistance. Dispersing large proportions (40-70%) of Cu/Cu2O in paints although inexpensive produces excessive leaching & heavy accumulation of copper in marine. This study aims at formulating AFP's with reduced Cu2O levels along with novel additives, targeting controlled copper release around 15 ug/cm2/day. In the present study several formulations were prepared using Viscoplex (PAMA in mineral oil), Ionomer ED-SPAN and CuDDP. Substitute ocean water was prepared to simulate marine environmental conditions and perform leaching studies of different formulations. A variety of preliminary elimination tests …

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Structural Optimization Using Ansys Classic And Radial Basis Function Based Response Surface Models, Vijay Krishna Jan 2009

Structural Optimization Using Ansys Classic And Radial Basis Function Based Response Surface Models, Vijay Krishna

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

This thesis describes a methodology to develop an effective and simple structural optimization method using Response Surfaces. It also further demonstrates how these Response Surfaces can then be utilized for further Multi Objective Optimization. The true or exact responses were calculated using Ansys Classic while the codes for the training and simulation of Response Surface is pro-grammed in Matlab. Initially we used a Halton sequence to generate a DOE of the design variables. Then we used Ansys Classic to generate the exact responses. Once the responses were imported the Response Surface are generated using a RBF approximation model. This RBF …

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Electrowetting On Dielectric (Ewod) Digital Microfluidics For Electronic Hotspot Cooling, Govindraj Shreyas Bindiganavale Jan 2009

Electrowetting On Dielectric (Ewod) Digital Microfluidics For Electronic Hotspot Cooling, Govindraj Shreyas Bindiganavale

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Electronics cooling was a field dominated by bulky and heavy heat sinks, heat pipes and fans for decades. Lately, the size of the electronic components has decreased to a substantial extent with an increase in performance. This has fuelled a need for smaller, lighter, yet efficient cooling systems. A lot of research has been done to build innovative cooling solutions which satisfied most of the requirements as stated above. Some of them still have limitations like use of the right coolants and design challenges. Digital microfluidics is one field which can solve all these issues by providing a simple, reliable …

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A Unified Analysis Of Stiffener Reinforced Composite Beams With Arbitrary Cross-Section, Gianfranco Rios Jan 2009

A Unified Analysis Of Stiffener Reinforced Composite Beams With Arbitrary Cross-Section, Gianfranco Rios

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

A number of methods are available to analyze the laminated composite beams using smear property of laminate stiffness ignoring unsymmetrical behavior of laminates. Some include their effect of laminate but did not include the unsymmetrical effect of the cross-section of the beam. On the other hand, using finite element method to analyze the beam is dependent on the structural configurations including the laminate lay-up sequence. An analytical method was developed from lamination theory in order to study the structural response of composite laminated beams. The present method is capable of predicting the axial and bending stiffnesses, the centroid location, and …

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A Generic Methodology For Flight Test And Safety Evaluation At Conceptual Design, Amit R. Oza Jan 2009

A Generic Methodology For Flight Test And Safety Evaluation At Conceptual Design, Amit R. Oza

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The current research is dedicated to the application of a simulation suite that emulates flight testing and is applicable to the aircraft conceptual and preliminary design environment. The configuration concept available for study is an unmodified Cessna Citation X. The research goal is to arrive at a systematic process that reduces aircraft design risk while creating transparency for the manager and engineer during product life-cycle simulation. When integrating the discipline of flight test emulation into the development methodology, the objective is to complement and enrich the design simulation through a correct representation of flight safety relevant disciplines like aircraft certification, …

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Solar Selective Optical Coating Made With Metal Nanopaticles For Photovoltaic Thermal Applications, Xin Wang Jan 2009

Solar Selective Optical Coating Made With Metal Nanopaticles For Photovoltaic Thermal Applications, Xin Wang

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The goal of this research is to fabricate solar selective reflector with suitable optical properties and high thermal and chemical stability for using in the photovoltaic thermal window. While the reflector allows some transmittance in visible spectrum, the mid/far infrared light needs to be reflected back into the window minimizing the IR radiation loss. Nickel/alumina composite was proposed as the solar selective reflector. This thesis consists of two parts - one part concerning the fabrication and characterization of solar selective reflector and another dealing with an optical modeling to simulate the optical properties of the solar selective reflector. The alumina …

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High Temperature Microporous Coatings: The Effects Of Wetting And Wicking On Nucleate Boiling And Chf, Ross Evan Pivovar Jan 2009

High Temperature Microporous Coatings: The Effects Of Wetting And Wicking On Nucleate Boiling And Chf, Ross Evan Pivovar

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Porous coatings have long been a method to enhance boiling heat transfer. Previous researchers have thoroughly explained most of the physics behind the enhancement, but some holes still exist. Correlations, setup to predict nucleate boiling, are often only accurate in specific scenarios. CHF correlations that take into account wettability do not consider microstructure changes that decrease contact angle, but do not enhance CHF. A solution to these problems is presented via the wicking and wetting of liquid on a porous surface. CHF is found to be enhanced with increases in wicking speeds and flow rate. Wetting, measured by apparent contact …

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A Refined True Triaxial Apparatus For Testing Unsaturated Soils Under Suction-Controlled Stress Paths, Diego D. Perez-Ruiz Jan 2009

A Refined True Triaxial Apparatus For Testing Unsaturated Soils Under Suction-Controlled Stress Paths, Diego D. Perez-Ruiz

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

A novel, computer-driven, true triaxial (cubical) apparatus has been developed to test unsaturated soil specimens under suction-controlled multi-axial stress paths that are not achievable in a conventional cylindrical apparatus. The cubical cell implemented in this research work is a considerably refined version of those previously reported by Hoyos (1998) and Laikram (2007). The refined version is a servo-controlled, mixed boundary type of cell that allows for full control and real time measurements of matric suction, net principal stresses and soil deformations along a wide range of simple-to-complex stress paths induced on cubical specimens of unsaturated soil. The specimen seats on …

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Performance Of Large Scale Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Deep Beam With Single Opening Under Monotonic Loading, Carlos Flores Jan 2009

Performance Of Large Scale Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Deep Beam With Single Opening Under Monotonic Loading, Carlos Flores

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The design of complex, discontinuous stress trajectory regions (D-regions) is complex in natureand cumbersome to design. The performance of a large scale steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC)deep beam with single opening under monotonic loading was tested under controlled conditions. Themain objective of this study was to see if Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC), used as a bettermaterial than reinforced concrete (RC) offered an alternate to the cumbersome and iterative stepsinvolved in strut-and-tie (STM) methodology. Additionally, a similar reinforced concrete (RC) specimenwas tested under the same controlled condition designed with classical strut-and-tie model designmethodology reinforced using conventional steel bars.Material testing was …

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Theoretical Feasibility Study For A Conceptual Approach To Trenchless Replacement Of Culverts, Diego R. Calderon Jan 2009

Theoretical Feasibility Study For A Conceptual Approach To Trenchless Replacement Of Culverts, Diego R. Calderon

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Culvert damage and collapses and their renewal alternatives are a raising concern in today's infrastructure topics. In most cases damages are irreversible; however, in many cases opportunities exist to correct and renew. While conventional open-cut construction brings inconvenience to the public, trenchless technology brings a greener, reliable and more socially acceptable alternative to renew culverts. Considering the strong dependency on highway transportation by the American lifestyle, collapses of culverts in major roads may produce chaotic traffic redirections. To reduce this risk, this research sets a path for a construction and feasibility study on a new culvert replacement method based on …

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Use Of Electrical Resistivity And Multichannel Analysis Of Surface Wave Geophysical Tomography In Geotechnical Site Characterization Of Dam, Joshua Lee Hubbard Jan 2009

Use Of Electrical Resistivity And Multichannel Analysis Of Surface Wave Geophysical Tomography In Geotechnical Site Characterization Of Dam, Joshua Lee Hubbard

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Performance of geotechnical site characterization is a primary function of geotechnical engineers. Generalizations required to extrapolate conventional geotechnical boring data can limit the effectiveness of site assessments. Advancements in geophysical technology have simplified means of data acquisition and interpretation of electrical and seismic testing, allowing a broader audience of practitioners to utilize methods for various engineering and environmental applications. In this study, electrical resistivity and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) seismic geophysical methods are used to expound upon previous geotechnical sampling and in situ testing conducted at an earthen dam site in East Texas. Findings from this study show: …

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A New Paradigm In User Equilibrium - Application In Managed Lane Pricing, Asapol Sinprasertkool Jan 2009

A New Paradigm In User Equilibrium - Application In Managed Lane Pricing, Asapol Sinprasertkool

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Ineffective use of the High-Occupancy-Vehicle (HOV) lanes has the potential to decrease the overall roadway capacity during peak periods. Excess capacity in HOV lanes during peak periods can be made available to other types of vehicles, including single occupancy vehicles (SOV) for a price (toll). Such dual use lanes are known as "Managed Lanes." The main purpose of this research is to propose a new paradigm in user equilibrium to predict the travel demand for determining the optimal fare policy for managed lane facilities. Depending on their value of time, motorists may choose to travel on Managed Lanes (ML) or …

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Advances In Helical Stent Design And Fabrication: Studies Of Stent Thermal Treatment, Stent Mechanical Properties, And Stent Interactions With A Simulated Plaque-Laden Artery, Tre Raymond Welch Jan 2009

Advances In Helical Stent Design And Fabrication: Studies Of Stent Thermal Treatment, Stent Mechanical Properties, And Stent Interactions With A Simulated Plaque-Laden Artery, Tre Raymond Welch

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Advancements in processing biomaterials have lead to the development of bioresorbable PLLA drug-loaded stents with different geometric configurations. To further advance the technology, systematic studies have been carried out. This dissertation consists of six specific aims: 1) To characterize the effects of thermal annealing on the mechanical characteristics of PLLA helical stent, 2) To characterize the mechanical characteristics of a PLLA double helix stent, 3) To characterize the physical and chemical properties of PLLA films impregnated with niacin and curcumin, 4) To characterize the mechanical interaction of expanded stent and vascular wall with both model simulation and experimental studies using …

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Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy For The Assessment Of Motor Cortex Plasticity In Pediatric Subjects Affected By Cerebral Palsy, Bilal Khan Jan 2009

Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy For The Assessment Of Motor Cortex Plasticity In Pediatric Subjects Affected By Cerebral Palsy, Bilal Khan

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is widely used to monitor hemodynamic changes occurring in the cerebral cortex as a result of neuronal activation. One of the current challenges in this field is that activation-related hemodynamic signals are often eclipsed by global hemodynamic fluctuations due to cardiac pulsation, respiration and Mayer waves. In this study, we demonstrate by using a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and adaptive filtering that the global hemodynamic modulation signals can be effectively removed from the fNIRS measuring cortical hemodynamic response. While pediatric subjects were performing a finger tapping task, we concurrently recorded cardiac pulsation and …

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Durability Studies On Stabilization Effectiveness Of Soils Containing Different Fractions Of Montmorillonite, Aravind Pedarla Jan 2009

Durability Studies On Stabilization Effectiveness Of Soils Containing Different Fractions Of Montmorillonite, Aravind Pedarla

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Stabilization of clays with additives like lime and cement has been practiced for several years and worked well in improving the subgrades. Though this practice is used widely, there were cases where the treated subgrades exhibited premature failures. Many departments of transportation (DOT) agencies in the United States have had subgrade failures even after stabilization with chemical additives due to loss of stabilizer over a time period, or a stabilizer being ineffective in some soils. The design based on PI and gradation of soil followed by many DOTs is quite misleading due to the lack of inclusion of basic soil …

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Failure Analysis Of A Mechanically Stabilized Earth (Mse) Wall Using Finite Element Program Plaxis, Tahsina Mahmood Jan 2009

Failure Analysis Of A Mechanically Stabilized Earth (Mse) Wall Using Finite Element Program Plaxis, Tahsina Mahmood

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) retaining walls have been increasingly used in many federal, state and private projects over the last 20 years. MSE walls are reliable, constructible, and cost effective. However, failure of MSE wall has become a problem for all agencies using them. This study presents the failure analysis of a segmental block, MSE retaining wall located in Rockville, Maryland. The top of MSE wall moved about 12 inches to 18 inches. An extensive geotechnical investigation program was undertaken to investigate the MSE wall failure. This study presents the results of investigations to determine the causes of failure. The …

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Spatiotemporal Measurement Of Freezing-Induced Deformation Of Engineered Tissues, Ka Yaw Teo Jan 2009

Spatiotemporal Measurement Of Freezing-Induced Deformation Of Engineered Tissues, Ka Yaw Teo

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

In order to cryopreserve functional engineered tissues (ETs), the microstructure of extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as the cellular viability should be maintained given that the functionality of ETs is closely related to the ECM microstructure. Since the post-thaw ECM microstructure is determined by the deformation of ETs during cryopreservation, the freezing-induced deformation of ETs was measured in the present study with a newly developed quantum dot (QD)-mediated cell image deformetry technique using dermal equivalents as a model system. The dermal equivalents were constructed by seeding QD-labeled fibroblasts in type I collagen matrices. After 24 hour incubation, the ETs were …

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Development And Benefits Of A Leed Project Management Database, Teri Schmig Jan 2009

Development And Benefits Of A Leed Project Management Database, Teri Schmig

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The U.S. Green Building Council is a non-profit community of industry leaders working to make green buildings available to everyone. The documentation process for achieving Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED® ) certification is highly complex and more time-consuming than necessary with currently employed systems. This thesis explains the need for development of a relational database as a means to increase the efficiency of the documentation process to meet LEED® requirements. This database will provide the construction project team a relational platform that guides the user through the LEED® administration and certification process. By developing a LEED® specific project …

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Development Of Microscope Stage Incubator For Long-Term Monitoring Of Neuronal Cell Culture During Axotomy, Kailash Karthikeyan Jan 2009

Development Of Microscope Stage Incubator For Long-Term Monitoring Of Neuronal Cell Culture During Axotomy, Kailash Karthikeyan

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

It is imperative to understand the patterns in regeneration of the central and peripheral nervous system after injury. This understanding would provide a fundamental cue towards molecules and other factors involved in regeneration, and how they affect the regeneration pattern after injury. In most culturing techniques currently used for neuronal culturing and observing the neuronal regeneration, it is difficult to determine the regeneration pattern (individual axonal level) though the overall regeneration is observed due to the complexity of neuronal network. Thus a model that provides isolation of individual axons and allowing us to monitor continuously upon injury has been developed. …

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Controlled Vascular Cellular Growth By Microstructured Patterned Surfaces On Implantable Biodegradable Polymer Scaffold., Nitin Garg Jan 2009

Controlled Vascular Cellular Growth By Microstructured Patterned Surfaces On Implantable Biodegradable Polymer Scaffold., Nitin Garg

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

The technological advances in the field of MEMS and biodegradable polymers with elastomeric properties have opened new areas of application for engineering of soft tissues such as blood vessel, heart valves, cartilage, tendon, and bladder, which exhibit elastic properties. In this thesis work, Microfabrication technology has successfully been applied to biodegradable polymer films to encourage cell growth in designated area. This work is presented with the final goal of fabricating implantable polymer scaffolds to produce small diameter blood vessels in a controlled manner spatially by using the concept of wettability and contact guidance.There are several methods to control cell growth …

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Molecular Modelling Of Dna Translocation In Bio-Functionalized Nanopores With Applications In Gene Sequencing, Abhijit Ramachandran Jan 2009

Molecular Modelling Of Dna Translocation In Bio-Functionalized Nanopores With Applications In Gene Sequencing, Abhijit Ramachandran

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

The human genome project which was completed in 2003 took more than 12 years to complete at a cost of $2.7 billion. The advancement in technologies in the next five years led to the same feat being achieved in 5 months with a total cost of $1.5 million. Micro-fabrication technology has now made it possible miniaturize to micro- and nanofluidic devices for biochemical analysis. Solid-state nanopore based molecular analysis provides the potential to characterize and sequence DNA, based on the signature of the ionic current measured. A major challenge in using solid-state nanopores for DNA detection and sequencing is the …

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Development Of Brownfield Database Using Gis, Jubair Hossain Jan 2009

Development Of Brownfield Database Using Gis, Jubair Hossain

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Brownfields are abandoned, idled or underutilized industrial or commercial sites where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by actual or perceived environmental contamination. Brownfields may be as small as a vacant city lot or as large as an abandoned manufacturing facility occupying several hundred acres. The extent of contamination encountered at brownfield sites may range from minor surface debris to extensive, dangerous soil and ground-water contamination. Concerning the communities in which brownfields are located, redevelopment may improve community appearance and image, relieve associated health and environmental concerns and produce a beneficial economic effect through increased property values and employment opportunities.The overall …

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Modeling And Characterization Of Rf Mems Resonators, Najla S. Khan Jan 2009

Modeling And Characterization Of Rf Mems Resonators, Najla S. Khan

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

Over the past decade, a multitude of micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) devices have been developed and commercialized due to their low power consumption, reduced cost and compact size. In recent years, significant advancements in technology have extended MEMS development towards radio frequency, microwave and millimeter wave applications. The need for micro-machining and MEMS based systems for RF and microwave applications arises from the inherent limitations of existing RF devices. Motivation for incorporating MEMS based fabrication technologies into microwave and millimeter wave systems can be classified into three main categories: precision, system integration and performance. As frequency increases, the size of RF components …

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