Engineering Commons^™

The Energy Needs Of The Developing Countries, Vaman Rao

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The energy needs of the developing countries are enormous. They will grow with the passage of time as the pace of economic development accelerates and those countries enter the industrial epoch. The sheer physical non-availability of coal and petroleum to most of them makes it obligatory to choose an unconventional resource as an energy-base. The nuclear fission is the only option now available which is feasible, less-expensive and plentiful. Solar and fusion may be the ultimate sources in the steady state, when appropriate technologies are developed.

The Environmental Effects And Ecohomic Costs Of Solid Waste Energy Recovery, John P. Collins

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Environmental and economic impacts of solid waste energy recovery systems are discussed. Emphasis is given to the Navy Salvage Fuel Boiler facility in Norfolk, Virginia. Built in 1967, it is the first waterwall steam generating facility to use solid waste as a fuel in the United States. Nine years of operational data reflect national trends in energy recovery costs and environmental problems. Steam generation costs, environmental compliance costs and facility environmental impacts are discussed.

Post World War Ii Crude Oil Prices: Collusive Or Competitive Pricing, Kern O. Kymn, Walter P. Page

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The study presents a crude oil market model explaining the trend in crude oil prices, 1945-1976. The competitiveness of the market is assessed in terms of this model.

Coal Chemistry: Aspects Of Analysis, Structure, Reactions, Conversion, And Byproducts, Stanley E. Manahan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

An understanding of the chemistry of coal is essential for the most efficient and environmentally acceptable utilization of this important energy resource.. This is particularly true where coal conversion processes are involved. Far from being a simple carbonaceous rock, coal is a complex and variable chemical system. This paper outlines the basic principles of coal chemistry which can be helpful to geologists, engineers, chemists, and others involved with the utilization of coal.

The Demand And Supply Of World Petroleum And Its Consequences For Agricultural Economic Development, Amalia Vellianitis-Fidas

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The concerns related to the increase cost of petroleum in 1974 and 1975 centered around the enormous transfer of funds needed to pay for petroleum imports by most countries. Although this transfer is successfully taking place in the developed countries, it is taking place with serious long run external financial consequences for the less developed countries. In addition, these countries' continued agricultural development will probably depend on finding new paths to agricultural efficiency that are not as dependent on high-priced fuels.

The Status Of And Need For New Coal Gasification Technology, Jimmie R. Bowden

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Movement toward a domestic coal-based energy policy has been barely perceptible since the Arab oil embargo of 1973-4. Rapidly declining supplies of natural gas for small businesses and residential uses can be supplemented by coal gasification or replacement of gas by coal as a power generating fuel. At this time it probably is the better choice to use coal to generate power instead of gas. Second generation coal gasification processes under development with ERDA financial help will not change this balance in the next 10 years if at all.

Training Programs For Energy Management In Developing Countries, J. Byron Nelson, Burns E. Hegler, J. Derald Morgan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper discusses some of the general inter-related energy, management, and economic problems in developing countries as well as a common project methodology that can be used to formulate and implement development strategies according to the needs of any particular country. Because the development of human resources, especially managerial skills, is critically needed, the characteristics of managers in developing countries, the problems they face, and their training needs are discussed. Finally an example of a specific training program is outlined.

World Oil Supplies And The Next 25 Years, J. A. Eyer

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Petroleum must become a more efficiently used commodity while alternative energy sources are developed, but it will remain in high demand as long as the world wide availability is assured, regardless of the influence of the O.P.E.C. nations. The availability of petroleum on a country-by-country survey shows clearly that there are large known recoverable reserves as well as large potential for discovering added reserves. However, the highly industrialized nations do not have adequate petroleum supplies and this will probably not change as long as petroleum remains as the primary energy source.

Field Manual Fm 30-10, Military Geographic Intelligence (Terrain), March 1972, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is a lengthy, detailed manual concerning geographic intelligence. It contains definitions of geographic intelligence and explains the uses of geographic intelligence and responsibilities for it. It contains numerous photographs and graphics.

The manual contains detailed discussions of terrain, natural conditions, and cultural features as well as specialized features like infrastructure, communications, transportation, and industrial facilities. It contains chapters on:

• Climate and Weather
• Natural Terrain
• Tactical Consideration
• Transportation
• Telecommunications
• Urban Areas
• Rural Areas and Resources
• Recognition of Industrial Facilities, and
• Terrain Studies

Enclosed with the manual is a large sheet containing 12 page-size maps concerning geography-related topics. The sheet is …

Engineer Intelligence Guide 33, Preparation Of Terrain Diagrams, June 1960, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

In 1960, geographic intelligence in the US Armed Forces was decentralized. The Intelligence and Mapping Division of the US Army Corps of Engineers was primarily responsible for creation of military intelligence concerning the surface of the earth excluding the oceans and seas for the armed forces of the United States. Engineer intelligence guides were issued to provide guidance concerning collection, processing, production, and dissemination of geographic intelligence to elements of the Corps of Engineers.

This engineer intelligence guide explains the differences between maps and terrain diagrams and provides examples using actual maps and terrain diagrams. The maps and terrain diagrams …

History Of Technical Intelligence, Army General School, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is an excellent description of the history of Army technical intelligence during World War II. It gives good descriptions of technical intelligence in the various theaters of operation and of the lessons learned from each. The experience in the Pacific Theater was highlighted. The use of a Technical Intelligence Company in the Pacific has proven an influential model for the organization of technical intelligence in the field in later wars. The first part of the document is an outline showing how to present the material to the students. The final 8 pages are a summary of the material covered …

History Of Ordnance Technical Intelligence In World War Ii, Part 1: History, Orders & Circulars, And Publicity, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

During World War II, the Ordnance Department was one of the army technical services. There were a number of technical services including the Chemical Warfare Service, the Army Medical Department, the Corps of Engineers, the Quartermaster Corps, the Signal Corps, and the Transportation Corps. The technical services were bureaus providing weapons, equipment, and services to the Army. They managed the careers of officers in their corresponding branches, and organized special military units. They also ran schools to train individual and military units in their specialties.

During World War II the emphasis of technical intelligence was foreign weapons and equipment. The …