Engineering Commons^™

The Adaptive Detection Technology Of Ultrasonic Flow In Mining Boreholes, Dai Chenyu, Zhao Pengpeng, Xu Jing

Coal Geology & Exploration

For a better flow monitoring at the borehole of underground gas drainage in coal mines, and in response to the influence of factors such as complex composition, poor purity and poor stability of the medium in the pipeline on the measurement accuracy of drainage flow parameters, a set of adaptive detection system of ultrasonic flow for mining boreholes is designed with the time difference method as the measurement principle and the double threshold comparison method as the detection method. The overall scheme of the detection system is designed based on the analysis of the key problems affecting the measurement accuracy …

Construction And Demonstration Of The Transparent Geological Guarantee System In Tangjiahui Coal Mine, Liu Jiegao, Cheng Jianyuan, Shu Yiguo, Liu Zaibin, Gao Yingui, Gao Yaoquan, Lu Ziqing

Coal Geology & Exploration

The intelligence construction of Tangjiahui Coal Mine is confronted with constrains such as water-conducting faults and pressure of Ordovician limestone water, and how to make the geological conditions transparent has become the technical bottleneck of intelligent mining. Tangjiahui Coal Mine puts emphasize on the prevention and control of water disasters and adopted five advanced technologies, including borehole transient electromagnetic technology, multi-borehole resistivity, seismic while excavating, seismic while mining, microseismic monitoring to build a real-time dynamic transparent geological guarantee system. The system realizes the prevention and control of water disasters, rapid excavation and intelligent mining based on transparent geological models, which …

Influential Factors Of The Electromagnetic Wave Instrument While Drilling In Coal Seam Horizontal Wells And Resistivity Simulation Calculation, Chen Gang, Zhang Jiguan, Li Quanxin, Liu Zhiyi

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to figure out the influential factors of the detection by the electromagnetic wave instrument while drilling in coal seam horizontal wells, we studied the impacts of roof and floor surrounding rock resistivity, instrument eccentricity, coal seam borehole collapse and coal seam thickness on the measurement of resistivity through finite element numerical simulation. The resistivity response law of the amplitude ratio and phase difference calculation under the condition of high-resistivity coal rock formation was analyzed. On this basis, a three-layer geological mathematical model was established to simulate the difference between analytical and numerical solutions of the amplitude ratio and …

Application Research On Dynamic Calibration And Prediction Technology Of Coal Seam In Coalmine Working Face, Liu Wenming, Gao Yaoquan, Jiang Bici, Li Peng, Xue Wuqiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

One of the prominent problems of intelligent mining is its inadaptability to geological conditions, especially for the absolute accuracy of coal seam floor and thickness. 3D seismic has a high horizontal resolution and it can control the ups and downs of the coal seam. However, due to the time domain data, the calculation of the coal seam floor elevation is negatively affected by the time-depth conversion point. On the basis of the 3D seismic data of the working face and the coal thickness data during the mining process, the absolute accuracy of the time-depth conversion of the coal seam floor …

Optimization Of Surface Directional Wells For Water Control Based On Three-Dimensional Seismic Dynamic Geological Modeling, Lu Ziqing, Gao Yaoquan, Guo Yuan

Coal Geology & Exploration

In the treatment of high-pressure Ordovician limestone water in the coal seam floor, the design and construction optimization of surface directional wells mainly relies on two-dimensional AutoCAD geological drawings. For the avoidance of such problems as low drilling rate and off-target in the target area under complex geological conditions, and to improve the effect of precise targeted water hazard control, a technology for optimizing directional wells for water hazard prevention and control based on seismic dynamic modeling is proposed. By comparing and analyzing the current situation and problems of drilling trajectory design and optimization technology, it is pointed out that …

Development And Application Of Zdy4500lfk Full Automatic Drilling Rig, Dong Hongbo, Fan Qiang, Li Kun, Ma Bin

Coal Geology & Exploration

The ZDY4500LFK full automatic drilling rig was developed and equipped with a surface monitoring and control system to improve the automation of various drilling works and reduce the number of underground workers, then accelerate the intelligent construction of coal mines and meet the demand for the construction of transparent geological security system in mines. In consideration of the key technical problems encountered in the drilling construction of the drilling rig in the transparent geological guarantee system in Tangjiahui Coal Mine of Huaihe Energy West Coal and Electricity Group, such key technologies as row positioning technology and automatic unloading buckle were …

Prevention And Control Technology Of Ordovician Water In Tangjiahui Coal Mine Based On Transparent Geology, Gao Yaoquan, Gao Yingui, Lu Ziqing, Kong Wanjun

Coal Geology & Exploration

The problems of many water diversion faults and, concealed water diversion structure have led to the difficulty of water disaster prevention and control of Ordovician limestone in No.6 coal seam in Tangjiahui Coal Mine. After continuous exploration and practice, a variety of advanced technologies has been introduced to obtain a large number of geological and hydrogeological data, and construct an intelligent geological guarantee system. The technical ideas of “geophysical and drilling exploration, joint grouting treatment up-hole and down-hole, in-hole transient electromagnetic fine exploration, inter-hole resistivity detection of grouting effect, and joint monitoring of coal seam floor by micro-seismic and electromagnetic …

Construction Method Of Transparent Working Face Based On Borehole Radar, Jiang Bici, Cheng Jianyuan, Li Ping, Liu Wenming, Yu Junhui, Wu Guoqing

Coal Geology & Exploration

The high-precision detection of coal rock interface is the key and difficult point to construct the three-dimensional geological model of intelligent mining. A method is proposed to construct regional coal rock interface geological model and realize transparent working face by using single hole reflection radar in the hole along coal seam and multi hole detection results. For single borehole radar data, the coal seam radar wave velocity is calculated by using the slope of roadway wave in-phase axis, and the spatial constrained migration imaging is used to realize the accurate calculating of coal seam top/floor reflection interface. Three transparent working …

Construction Method On Transparent Geological Guarantee Technologies: A Case Study Of Wuhai Mining Area, Gu Baoze, Dai Zhenhua, Li Mingxing, Chen Baohui

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coal geological guarantee technologies are applied in the whole life cycle of the coal industry. The technologies are the basis and premise of realizing safe, efficient, intelligent and green mining of coal resources, and plays a key role in disaster prevention, hidden disaster-causing factor detection and intelligent mining of coal. Without any doubt, geological transparency is the crucial task to improve the ability of intelligent analysis and decision-making, automatic and precise control, and efficient coal mining. For the purpose of solving the problems faced by Wuhai Mining Area in the construction of coal mine intellectualization, such as complex geological conditions …

Feasibility Study Of The Metaverse Technology In Coal Mine Emergency Training And Drills, Guo Yangyang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coal mine safety training and emergency drills are effective measures to prevent disasters and accidents. At this stage, however, there are problems such as the boring training content, drills emphasizing “performance” rather than “practice”, and formalism. Metaverse technology integrates VR, AR, 3D, blockchain, Internet of things, AI, digital twin and other technologies, therefore, it is characterized by intuitiveness, strong interaction and high knowledge conversion rate in coal mine safety training and emergency drills, which can well solve the above problems. Now the metaverse technology is increasingly mature from hardware, software to various supporting facilities, while it is still faced with …

Integrated Parametric Graph Closure And Branch-And-Cut Algorithm For Open Pit Mine Scheduling Under Uncertainty, Devendra Joshi, Amol Paithankar, Snehamoy Chatterjee, Sk Md Equeenuddin

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Open pit mine production scheduling is a computationally expensive large-scale mixed-integer linear programming problem. This research develops a computationally efficient algorithm to solve open pit production scheduling problems under uncertain geological parameters. The proposed solution approach for production scheduling is a two-stage process. The stochastic production scheduling problem is iteratively solved in the first stage after relaxing resource constraints using a parametric graph closure algorithm. Finally, the branch-and-cut algorithm is applied to respect the resource constraints, which might be violated during the first stage of the algorithm. Six small-scale production scheduling problems from iron and copper mines were used to …

Lava Volume From Remote Sensing Data: Comparisons With Reverse Petrological Approaches For Two Types Of Effusive Eruption, Pauline Verdurme, Simon Carn, Andrew J.L. Harris, Diego Coppola, Andrea Di Muro, Santiago Arellano, Lucia Gurioli

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Five effusive eruptions of Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion) are analyzed to investigate temporal trends of erupted mass and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. Daily SO2 emissions are acquired from three ultraviolet (UV) satellite instruments (the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS), and the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)) and an array of ground-based UV spectrometers (Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change (NOVAC)). Time-averaged lava discharge rates (TADRs) are obtained from two automatic satellite-based hot spot detection systems: MIROVA and MODVOLC. Assuming that the lava volumes measured in the field are accurate, the MIROVA …

The Use Of Microalgal Sourced Biodiesel To Help Underground Mines Transition To Battery Electric Vehicles, Corey A. Laamanen, Kyle Moreau, Sabrina M. Desjardins, Shannon H. Mclean, John A. Scott

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The use of fossil fuel sourced diesel underground has various associated health and environmental hazards, and additional energy demand and costs associated with necessary ventilation. One way to reduce these impacts is by utilizing a biodieselblend, which generates lower levels of harmful emissions from underground equipment and can be produced regionally, reducing the impact of transportation. Furthermore, this would help allow use of existing machinery during transition towards more widespread electrification underground. Therefore, the concept of an integrated supply and use chain within the mining industry is examined based on biodiesel from acidophilic photosynthetic microalgae cultivated using CO 2 in …

Investigating The Effectiveness Of A Ground Support System Implemented On Block A: A Case Study Of Southern Africa Metalliferous Mine, Kamogelo Manyelo, Peter Kolapo

Journal of Sustainable Mining

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the ground support systems that are planned to be implemented on Block A, which will be excavated through the Marikana fault zone. The block of ground being prepared for mining has been physically affected by the presence of the Marikana fault and is therefore geomechanically and geotechnically weaker than the normal stoping conditions on the rest of the shaft. Joint mapping conducted in Block A raiselines indicated that there is a high concentration of shallow dipping joints which are dipping in opposite directions. Such conditions present special challenges in the planned excavations …

Application Of Entropy Method For Estimating Factor Weights In Mining-Method Selection For Development Of Novel Mining-Method Selection System, Elsa Pansilvania Andre Manjate, Mahdi Saadat, Hisatoshi Toriya, Fumiaki Inagaki, Youhei Kawamura

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Mining-method selection (MMS) is one of the most critical and complex decisionmaking processes in mine planning. Therefore, it has been a subject of several studies for many years culminating with the development of different systems. However, there is still more to be done to improve and/or create more efficient systems and deal with the complexity caused by many influencing factors. This study introduces the application of the entropy method for feature selection, i.e., select the most critical factors in MMS. The entropy method is applied to assess the relative importance of the factors influencing MMS by estimating their objective weights …

Sources And Techniques Of Domestic Heating Within Tritia Region, Malgorzata Wysocka, Krystian Skubacz, Krzysztof Samolej

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The paper presents the balance of energy consumption for domestic heating in Opole and Silesian Voivodship (Poland), divided into various media. The report was based on an analysis of approximately 250 documents containing low-carbon economy plans for individual municipalities (gminas). The authors compared the current situation in these voivodships and their districts with the structure of the heating system in Poland as a whole, based on data from the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The data demonstrate that the use of coal-based energy media has not changed significantly over the years and around 55-60% of households with individual heating systems …

Modelling The Throttle Effect In A Mine Drift, Rickard Hansen

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The throttle effect is a phenomenon, which may occur during a fire underground, causing unforeseen smoke spread. This paper focuses on the modelling of the throttle effect in a mine drift, using a CFD software. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether the CFD tool is able to predict and reproduce the throttle effect for fire scenarios underground. Experimental data from fire experiments in a model-scale mine drift and modelling results from a CFD model were used during the analysis. It was found that the CFD model was not able to fully reproduce the throttle effect for fire …

Strain Energy Analysis Related To Strata Failure During Caving Operations, Caroline Gerwig

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

For stiff beams that can form over the gob of longwall panels, the potential seismic magnitude of the energy released upon strata caving is estimated. Analytical calculations are used to verify two-dimensional models of longwall roof beams to determine the strain energy and gravitational energy developed, that will then be released to surrounding mine workings. Models are developed using RS2 to model the stress, strain, and deflection along the bottom of the longwall roof beam to calculate gravitational and strain energies.

The total energy is then converted to seismic magnitude. Strain energy was consistently less than gravitational energy, except for …

Application Of Uniform Test Design In Optimizing The Flotation Reagents Of Iron Anionic Reverse Flotation Circuit, Ying Hou, Ahmed Sobhy

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most iron reserves are low in grade with quartz as the main gangue mineral, and anionic reverse flotation has become the most crucial separation method in the processing plants of iron ore. Thus, a flotation feed sample that is a mixture of low-intensity and high-gradient magnetic separators concentrates was acquired from a processing plant. The sample characterizations with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), laser particle size analyzer, and mineral liberation analysis (MLA) confirmed that the sample consists of iron oxide as a valuable mineral and quartz as a gangue mineral with adequate liberation degree. In the anionic reverse flotation, …

Superhydrophobic Magnetic Sorbent Via Surface Modification Of Banded Iron Formation For Oily Water Treatment, Mohsen Farahat, Ahmed Sobhy, Moustafa M. S. Sanad

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the current study, a simple dry coating method was utilized to fabricate a super-hydrophobic super-magnetic powder (ZS@BIF) for oily water purification using zinc stearate (ZS) and banded iron formation (BIF). The produced composite was fully characterized as a magnetic sorbent for oily water treatment. The results of X-ray diffraction diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and particle size analysis revealed the fabrication of homogenous hydrophobicmagnetic composite particles with core–shell structure. Contact angle and magnetic susceptibility results showed that 4 (BIF): 1 (Zs) was the ideal coverage ratio …

Applying Cfd Model Studies To Determine Zones At Risk Of Methane Explosion And Spontaneous Combustion Of Coal In Goaves, Magdalena Tutak, Jarosław Brodny, Greg Galecki

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Underground mining operations are subject to a number of natural hazards. Events resulting from these hazards are difficult to predict, and if they occur, they disrupt the entire mining process and pose a great danger to the crew. Some of the most dangerous include ventilation hazards involving methane explosions and fires caused by the spontaneous combustion of coal. The complex state of the underground environment means that these hazards oftentimes occur simultaneously, making mining conditions even worse. The following paper addresses this issue by developing the methodology for determining areas endangered by methane explosions and spontaneous coal combustion in goaves. …

Whitening Of Calcium Carbonate Tailings Using Attrition Process: A Case Study Of Khar Toum Deposit, Lopburi Province, Thailand, Bancha Wongkaewphothong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is one of the industrial minerals that usually use in various applications in many industries (e.g., plastic, rubber, paint, paper). However, salable CaCO3 products need to meet the requirement for each application. Whiteness is one of property that really important especially the application that concern about the color like paint and paper industries. In this study, to recover and utilize out of spec ores, the effects of attrition scrubbing process (i.e., retention time and solid in pulp) on the whiteness of the CaCO3 tailings were investigated. The CaCO3 samples were screened to obtain –300, +300–600, +600–1000, +1000–2360, …

Numerical Simulation Study For Carbon Dioxide Sequestration In A Depleted Oil Reservoir, Romal Ramadhan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Due to the rise in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, one of the most concerning issues at the moment is the climate change. One of the techniques to reduce CO2 emissions, particularly geological storage, is carbon capture and storage (CCS). This study provides the statement of how pressure build-up and CO2 injection rates impact several aspects of CO2 storage, including storage capacity, plume migration, and shut-in time. This study aims to assess the storage capacity of geological formations with different maximum pressure varying from 70% - 90% of fracture pressure to evaluate the formation response to various maximum pressure …

Optimization Model For Maintenance Planning Of Loading Equipment In Open Pit Mines, Farshid Javadnejad, Mohammad Reza Sharifi, Mohammad Hossein Basiri, Bakhtiar Ostadi

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Maintenance plays a significant role in operating costs in the mining industry. Improving this matter controls maintenance costs and enhances productivity and production effectively. Shovels are one of the most widely used loading machines in non-continuous activities. Thus, evaluating and optimizing their availability is one of the essential solutions to achieving high productivity and cost reduction. This paper presents a mathematical programming model to maximize availability and minimize the total expected costs. We programmed the proposed nonlinear planning model using the Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) meta-heuristic algorithm in Matlab software. It determines the optimal maintenance intervals for different parts of …

Development Of Univariate And Multivariate Forecasting Models For Methane Gas Emissions In Underground Coal Mines, Juan Diaz

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

Methane gas management continues to be a challenge concerning underground coal mine safety and productivity worldwide despite the extraordinary effort of the mining industry, governmental agencies, and academia to develop new technologies to monitor and control methane gas emissions more efficiently. The risk of hazardous methane gas concentrations in underground environments cannot be underestimated. Statistical data for the last 100 years indicate that around 80% of the accidents and 90% of the fatalities in the underground coal mining industry in the US were related to methane gas explosions.

Modern underground mine operations monitor and evaluate atmospheric parameters such as barometric …

Parametric Numerical Analysis Of Inclined Coal Pillars, Robin Flattery

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

Pillars are used as the primary support structures for underground mining to maintain stability by supporting the over laying strata. In the case of horizontal seams, the pillars are typically subjected to axial loading due to the weight of the overburden and/or abutment stresses, while in the case of inclined seams they are subjected to oblique loading due to both the vertical and horizontal in-situ stress. Over the years numerous studies have been completed on square and rectangular pillars in horizontal seams that have resulted in several pillar stability equations and criteria. However very few studies are available with respect …

Investigation Into, & Analysis Of Temperature & Strain Data For Coal Mine Seal Material During Curing, Stephanus Jaco Van Den Berg

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

On Monday, January 2, 2006, an underground explosion occurred at the Sago Mine WV, resulting in the death of 12 miners and seriously injury to one miner. On Saturday, May 20, 2006, an underground explosion occurred at the Darby Mine No.1 KY, resulting in five miner’s deaths and one miner’s injury.

The explosion of methane gas and coal dust result in many fatalities in the coal mining industry.

The coal mining industry uses mine seals to optimize the ventilation network. Those structures are designed not only to direct the air appropriately, but also, they should be capable of withstanding some …

Development Of Univariate And Multivariate Forecasting Models For Methane Gas Emissions In Underground Coal Mines, Juan Diaz

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

Methane gas management continues to be a challenge concerning underground coal mine safety and productivity worldwide despite the extraordinary effort of the mining industry, governmental agencies, and academia to develop new technologies to monitor and control methane gas emissions more efficiently. The risk of hazardous methane gas concentrations in underground environments cannot be underestimated. Statistical data for the last 100 years indicate that around 80% of the accidents and 90% of the fatalities in the underground coal mining industry in the US were related to methane gas explosions.

Modern underground mine operations monitor and evaluate atmospheric parameters such as barometric …

Integrated Large Discontinuity Factor, Lamodel And Stability Mapping Approach For Stone Mine Pillar Stability, Mustafa Baris Ates

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this research is to develop a software tool that integrates the large discontinuity factor (LDF) and the Boundary Element Method software (BEM), LaModel, to allow stone mine operators to assess the impact of the large discontinuities on local pillar stability. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) published design guidelines for underground stone mines to guide the industry in designing pillar and roof support. These guidelines emphasize the impact of large, angular discontinuities on pillar strength. Esterhuizen et al. (2011) derived the large discontinuity factor (LDF) to account for the impact of discontinuities on pillar stability …

Calcite Depression In Bastnaesite-Calcite Flotation System Using Organic Acids, Emmy Muhoza

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bastnaesite is the primary source of light REEs, namely cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), to name a few. Bastnaesite is typically concentrated using the froth flotation beneficiation method. Flotation of bastnaesite suffers from high reagent consumption due to the similar surface characteristics of bastnaesite and associated gangue minerals, including calcite. Additionally, complex stages of high-temperature conditioning are often required to suppress the detrimental impact of dissolved calcium ions on the flotation of bastnaesite. This research seeks to investigate the capabilities of organic acids in the bastnaesite-calcite flotation systems to selectively depress calcite minerals and effectively chelate calcium …