Engineering Commons^™

Simple, Accurate Calculation Of Mechanical Power In Pressure Controlled Ventilation (Pcv), Christine A. Trinkle, Richard N. Broaddus, Jamie L. Sturgill, Christopher M. Waters, Peter E. Morris

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Mechanical power is a promising new metric to assess energy transfer from a mechanical ventilator to a patient, which combines the contributions of multiple parameters into a single comprehensive value. However, at present, most ventilators are not capable of calculating mechanical power automatically, so there is a need for a simple equation that can be used to estimate this parameter at the bedside. For volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), excellent equations exist for calculating power from basic ventilator parameters, but for pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), an accurate, easy-to-use equation has been elusive.

Results: Here, we present a new power equation …

Free-Decay Heave Motion Of A Spherical Buoy, Jacob K. Colling, Saeed Jafari Kang, Esmaeil Dehdashti, Salman Husain, Hassan Masoud, Gordon Parker

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

We examined the heave motion of a spherical buoy during a free-decay drop test. A comprehensive approach was adopted to study the oscillations of the buoy involving experimental measurements and complementary numerical simulations. The experiments were performed in a wave tank equipped with an array of high-speed motion-capture cameras and a set of high-precision wave gauges. The simulations included three sets of calculations with varying levels of sophistication. Specifically, in one set, the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method was used to solve the incompressible, two-phase, Navier–Stokes equations on an overset grid, whereas the calculations in other sets were based on Cummins and …

Cloudbots: Autonomous Atmospheric Explorers, Akash Binoj

Honors Scholar Theses

The CloudBot is an autonomous weather balloon that operates on the principle of variable buoyancy to ascend and descend in the atmosphere. This project aims to develop a device that will collect atmospheric measurements and communicate them mid-flight. The apparatus consists of a helium-filled balloon, the robotic payload, and an air cell. The fixed-volume helium balloon at the top provides an upwards buoyancy force, while the air cell at the bottom can hold a variable amount of pressure to adjust the weight of the CloudBot. By doing so, it is able to travel in storm conditions and collect valuable atmospheric …

Natural Layered Mercury Antimony Sulfosalt Livingstonite With Anisotropic Optical Properties, Ravi P.N. Tripathi, Jie Gao, Xiaodong Yang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Naturally occurring layered mineral livingstonite is identified as a new type of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure based 2D material, consisting of two commensurately modulated alternating layers of HgSb2S4 and Sb2S4. The heterostructures of livingstonite crystal are prepared as thin flakes via mechanical exfoliation method. The prepared livingstonite crystals are further investigated in the context of vibrational, linear, and nonlinear optical properties, including anisotropic Raman scattering, wavelength-dependent linear dichroism (LD) transition effect, birefringence, and anisotropic third-harmonic generation (THG). Owing to the monoclinic crystal structure, livingstonite crystals exhibit strong anisotropic vibrational and optical responses. In contrast to conventional vdW heterostructures, the …

Dual-Band Selective Circular Dichroism In Mid-Infrared Chiral Metasurfaces, Haotian Tang, Daniel Rosenmann, David A. Czaplewski, Xiaodong Yang, Jie Gao

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most chiral metamaterials and meta surfaces are designed to operate in a single wavelength band and with a certain circular dichroism (CD) value. Here, mid-infrared chiral meta surface absorbers with selective CD in dual-wavelength bands are designed and demonstrated. The dual-band CD selectivity and tunability in the chiral meta surface absorbers are enabled by the unique design of a unit cell with two coupled rectangular bars. It is shown that the sign of CD in each wavelength band can be independently controlled and flipped by simply adjusting the geometric parameters, the width and the length, of the vertical rectangular bars. …

In Situ Observations Of Fish Attraction To Light-Emitting Diodes On An Undersea Observation Deck, Makoto Tomiyasu, Yoko Tanouchi, Yasuzumi Fujimori, Minato Kaji, Takuma Hayashi, Naoto Matsubara, Hiroki Yasuma, Susumu Shimizu, Seiji Katakura

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Many fisheries employ fishing lights to manipulate the behaviors of target fish and to attract them toward the light; however, relatively few long-time observations of fish attraction have been performed in the field. Here, an underwater observation deck was used to examine the differences in the fish-attracting effect of light-emitting diode (LED) lights on the number of attracted fish and on their behavior in the field, using white-edged rockfish as the target species. A total of 604 ± 324, 307 ± 203 and 171 ± 106 white-edged rockfish individuals were attracted to the observation window when it was illuminated with …

Inter-Annual Variability In Growth And Maturation Of The Swordtip Squid Uroteuthis Edulis In Yilan Bay Off Northeastern Taiwan, Jing-Yu Chen, Tzu-Yun Ching, Chih-Shin Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The swordtip squid Uroteuthis edulis, distributed in the temperate and tropical neritic waters in the Indo-Pacific region, is a crucial component of marine ecosystems and is a target species of fisheries in the Northwest Pacific. Although studies have elucidated the growth and maturation of the squid in the southern East China Sea (ECS) shelf, few have assessed the population biology of the squid in waters in the vicinity of the southern ECS. We collected samples of swordtip squid from a trawler in Yilan Bay (YLB) between January 2011 and December 2012 to examine the growth and maturation of the squid …

Study On The Improved Radiation Boundary Conditions Based On The Quadratic B-Spline Rankine Panel Method, Ming-Chung Fang, Chun-Hsien Wu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study presents a higher-order Rankine source method that is based on a biquadratic B-spline scheme with an improved radiation boundary condition. This method solves flow problems under all conditions, where , including the undercritical condition ( < 0.25); this condition is present when a ship undergoes slow translational motion. The proposed method is thus more flexible than the many Rankine-source models in the literature that are applicable only to the overcritical condition ( > 0.25). Specifically, the improved radiation boundary condition is derived from upstream Seto radiation boundary conditions and by incorporating the Rayleigh damping distribution over a free surface; the improved condition is explicit and efficient for solving flow problems. In evaluations, the proposed method yields accurate solutions for unsteady flows, which are produced by an oscillating, translationally moving submerged singularity. The method is also compared …

Sensitive Analysis Of The Static Response Of Compliant Vertical Access Risers, Fuheng Li, Haiyan Guo, Xiaomin Li, Honglu Gu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Compliant vertical access risers (CVARs) are considered as efficient and robust alternative options to achieve cost efficiency and safety. Design uncertainties emerge owing to the limited understanding of the effects of various parameters related to the structural properties and marine loads. In this paper, a reasonable three-dimensional (3D) numerical model of CVAR with internal flow is presented based on the slender rod theory. Accordingly, the finite element method combined with a Newton-Raphson scheme is employed to discretize and solve the equations. A sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the influence of the structural and external load parameters on the static …

Influence Of Boundary Conditions And Internal Fluid Types On Dynamic Characteristics Of A Deepwater Riser, Lei Guo, Zong-Ming Zhu, Zhong-Jian Pan, Zhi-Ming Guo

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Deepwater Steel Catenary Riser (DSCR) is the key structure of oil and gas production system in the ocean. To design an optimized DSCR system, the dynamic characteristics of the DSCR are analyzed by setting some different boundary condi-tions and internal fluid types. The main vibration mode of the DSCR is found orthogonal to both mass and stiffness according to the normalization condition of the main mode, and then the regular mode function and the jth order principal stiffness Kpj are obtained. Under different initial conditions, the transverse responses of DSCR represented by regular coordinates under arbitrary excitation are obtained. Then, …

Variance Of Td-Mosaic Dual-Vortex Interactions Between In-Fa And Cempaka (2021) In The North Pacific, Tsorng-Lin Chia, Guang-Yang Pan, Ji-Chyun Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

A study of the different types of dual-vortex interactions or “Fujiwara effects” between two storms is crucial for considerably improving weather forecasts. This study combined remote sensing images, empirical formulas based on the possibility of storm interaction (Liou–Liu formula), and vector addition techniques to accurately analyze In-Fa and Cempaka typhoons and the surrounding weather patterns during the 2021 typhoon season in the North Pacific. Although the distance separating the typhoons In-Fa and Cempaka was 1,800–2,040 km, the influence of middle air flow and a tropical depression (TD) caused a "vector superposition TD-mosaic double-vortex" interaction between the two typhoons. Therefore, this …

Optimal Deployment Of Flood Emergency Response Materials Under Stochastic Demands, Shangyao Yan, Jenn-Rong Lin, Chia-Fu Ku

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study aims to develop a planning model for the deployment of flood emergency response materials under stochastic demands. For ease of modeling, a deterministic demand model is first proposed, from which the stochastic model is further extended. These models are used to determine the allocation of materials the transport truck routes and distribution of the stockpiled materials to emergency sites. The models are formulated as multiple integer network flow problems with special side constraints which are characterized as NP-hard in terms of optimization. To solve the complicated stochastic model efficiently, we also develop a solution algorithm based on a …

Optimal Design Of Bacterial Carpets For Fluid Pumping, Minghao W. Rostami, Weifan Liu, Amy Buchmann, Eva Strawbridge, Longhua Zhao

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Ecological Risk Assessment For Coal Combustion Residuals And Herrington Lake Adjacent To The Kentucky Utilities E.W. Brown Generating Station, Mary Sorensen, Alex Smith, Mark Nielsen

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Epri Research On Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Near Coal Combustion Product Sites, Bruce Hensel, Jeff Thomas, Tim Towey, Anthony Aufdenkampe

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Cqa - A Common Sense Approach At Becoming The Mvp On Your Next Project, James Price, Michael Fisher, John Metcalf

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Challenges & Pragmatic Solutions For The Design And Construction Of A 300-Acre Ccr Landfill Located In The Southwestern Us - A Case Study, Andy Lucas, Jason Pokorny

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

State Of The Practice For Compaction Quality Of Dry Stack Ccr Storage Facilities, Bruce Cunningham, Pavana Vennapusa, David J. White, Robert Eric Hageman

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Groundwater Compliance & Strategy Insights For Ccr Rule Stakeholders, Sheryl Smith, Mark Johnson

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Hybrid Closure Approach: Constructing Bidding Lessons Learned, Brian Harthun, P.E.

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Ccr Landfill Construction & Operation Under Subtitle D, Thomas R. Gredell

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Hybrid Closure Approach: Design Investigation Review, Brian Sperrazza, P.E., P.G.

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Geochemical Explanations For Strong Natural Attenuation Of Molybdenum, Selenium, And Lithium In A Groundwater Plume, Jacob Chu, J. P. Brandenburg

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Construction Risk Management Considerations For Ccr Surface Impoundment Closures, John P. Seymour, Chris Robb

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Well Integrity And Performance Part Ii - Seeing The Benefits, Bryan R. Hansen, Jacob G. Gruzalski, Thomas S. Dicken, Rock J. Vitale

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Use Of A Net Environmental Benefit Analysis To Evaluate Remedial Options To Address Coal Ash – Case Studies, Joseph Nicolette, Michael Rockel

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Ccr Beneficial Use Data Capture And Reporting, Joe Ploetz, Kevin Foody

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Use Of Tritium-Helium Isotopes For Vertical Delineation Of Ccr Constituents In Groundwater, Lane Dorman, Lauren Fitzgerald, Ryan Fimmen, Robert Trey Singleton

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Building Defensibility For Mna Remedy Selection, Michael Healey, Jeff Roberts, Sarah Cronk, Andrzej Przepiora

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Wind Performance Evaluation Of Engineered Turf Final Cover And Exposed Geomembrane, Ming Zhu, Bryan Scholl

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.