Engineering Commons^™

Navigating The Complexities Of Engineering Management: Insights Into Metrics, Measurements, And Pitfalls, Charles Daniels

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

In the realm of Engineering Management, the reliance on metrics and measurements stands as a cornerstone for effective decision-making processes. These quantitative tools offer insights into performance dynamics and facilitate informed strategic choices. However, the uncritical application of metrics devoid of profound domain expertise presents significant challenges. This abstract explores the pitfalls inherent in utilizing metrics and measurements within Engineering Management without comprehensive understanding, emphasizing the potential consequences and proposing strategies for navigating this complex terrain.

Design And Analysis Of Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing Based Cold Plates And Heat Sinks For Enhanced Electronics Cooling And Temperature-Dependent Density Characterization Of Phase Change Materials, Jacob Lamotte-Dawaghreh

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The body of work that comprises this dissertation is divided into two main sections. The first section is regarding novel heat sink and cold plate designs that leverage a metal additive manufacturing process called electrochemical additive manufacturing (ECAM) to drive increased thermal performance. The continuous advancements in electronics computational capabilities have resulted in ever-increasing thermal loads at the component and data center server level. These strides within the field are soon to be compounded by the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Traditionally, high performance electronics components have been able to be cooled by forced-air cooling; however, the …

Graphene Reinforced Polymer Composite For Small-Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Rotors, Kunal A. Bachim

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Polymers have evolved as an indispensable asset in various sectors ranging from packaging and construction to energy and aerospace. However, the accumulation of polymer waste poses a necessity to shift toward sustainable waste management processes. Mechanical recycling is a primary method in establishing a circular economy approach for polymers. However, a fundamental challenge arises in this process: a decrease in the mechanical performance of the recycled product compared to that of its pristine counterpart.

This project addresses the challenge of enhancing the recyclability of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from discarded polymer material by incorporating graphene nanoparticles into the polymer matrix during …

Hardness Removal By A Continuous Flow Electrochemical Reactor From Different Types Of Water, Shahad Fadhil Alrubaye, Naseer A. Al Haboubi, Hussein A. Al-Amili, Aiman H. Al-Allaq, Dhuha Ahmed Mohammed

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The present study focuses on the technique of hardness removal by using a novel reactor performing an electrocoagulation (EC) process. The variation of alkalinity is also recorded. Continuous flow experiments were conducted for Total Hardness (TH) removal using a transparent plastic reactor using aluminum plate electrodes that have holes so that the water flows through the plates in a zigzag way. The influence of various operating parameters such as the number of plates (two and four), flow rate (600, 1000 L/h), and water type (Tigris River & rejected water from Reverse Osmosis system RO) was investigated. The results showed that …

Deepwhalenet: A Climate Change-Aware Fft-Based Neural Network For Underwater Passive Acoustic Monitoring, Nicholas Ryan Rasmussen

Dissertations and Theses

In the face of escalating climate threats, the conservation of whale species has become increasingly critical. Traditional acoustic monitoring methods, burdened by extensive pre-processing and post-processing, need more adaptability and efficiency for effective marine mammal surveillance. This study introduces DeepWhaleNet, a novel deep-learning framework tailored for Underwater Passive Acoustic Monitoring (UPAM). DeepWhaleNet is designed to streamline whale detection by directly analyzing raw log-power spectrograms, thus extracting essential acoustic features to conserve these endangered species. The framework employs an extensive short-time Fourier transform (STFT) for input processing and a customized ResNet-18 architecture for classification, distinguishing whale vocalizations from ambient noise and …

Development And Application Of Guided Mode Resonance Biosensor Platforms For Highly Sensitive And Real-Time Cell Killing Assays, Seyedmohsen Vaziri

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In this work, we developed and investigated the cancer cell killing efficacy of different instances using real-time high-sensitivity measurements facilitated by Guided-Mode Resonance (GMR) sensors. The GMR biosensor technology detects shifts in the spectral peak caused by changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium, offering a label-free method for monitoring cellular events.

A549 cell line wild type and HER2 knockout (lung cancer cells) were exposed to different concentrations of Triton X-100 and ADC (Herceptin with αHFc-CL-DMDM). The GMR-based cell killing assay demonstrated exceptional sensitivity and specificity, with shifts in wavelength exhibiting a robust correlation with cell viability and …

Human Arm Stiffness Estimation Method Developed For Overground Physical Interaction Experiments: Experimental Validation And Perspectives For Future Applications, Tarani Kanth Kamma

Masters Theses

"To build a physically interactive robot for overground applications, it is crucial to first understand the biomechanics of humans underlying overground physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) tasks. Estimating human arm stiffness during overground interactive tasks is a promising first step toward this goal. For this, an arm stiffness estimation technique was developed in our previous works that consider the unique challenges involving overground pHRI, such as the need to estimate the arm stiffness from a short duration of data with fewer repetitions. In this work, our stiffness estimation method is further validated with a passive spring setup with known stiffness values, …

A Review Of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Cold Atmospheric Plasma For Surface Sterilization And Decontamination, Kolawole Adesina, Ta Chun Lin, Yue-Wern Huang, Marek Locmelis, Daoru Frank Han

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Numerous investigations have shown that non-equilibrium discharges at atmospheric pressure, also known as "cold atmospheric plasma" (CAP) are efficient to remove biological contaminants from surfaces of a variety of materials. Recently, CAP has quickly advanced as a technique for microbial cleaning, wound healing, and cancer therapy due to the chemical and biologically active radicals it produces, known collectively as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). This article reviews studies pertaining to one of the atmospheric plasma sources known as Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) which has been widely used to treat materials with microbes for sterilization, disinfection, and decontamination purposes. To …

3d Flow Field Quantification In An Artery Model Using Optical Flow Method Based On Simulated Multi-Angle Angiography, Zifeng Yang, Hang Yi, Luke Bramlage, Bryan Ludwig

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

3D flow field in a numerically simulated arterial model is quantified using the three-dimensional optical flow method based on simulated simultaneous multi-angle X-ray angiography of the blood flow with contrast agent perfusions.

A Pade-Eno Flux Reconstruction For High-Speed Flows, Blake Martin

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The development of high order numerical schemes has been instrumental in advancing computational fluid dynamics (CFD), particularly for applications requiring high resolution of discontinuities and complex flow phenomena prevalent in high-speed flows. This thesis introduces the Pade-ENO scheme, a high-order method that integrates Essentially Non-Oscillatory (ENO) techniques with compact Pade stencils to achieve superior accuracy, up to 7th order, while maintaining stability in harsh environments. The scheme’s performance is evaluated through benchmark tests, including the advection equation, Burgers’ equation, and the Euler equations. For high Mach number flows, such as the sod shock tube the Pade-ENO method demonstrates its ability …

Strategies To Mitigate Efflorescence In Walls Constructed Using Clays Bricks; A Review Article, Marwa Abdulkareem. Anber, Soran Abdulrahman Ahmad, Naros Rahman Mahmoud, Kawan Fuoad. Kayani, Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

_{The construction of buildings, especially residential housing for communities, is a significant industry on a global scale. Masonry units such as bricks, blocks, and stones are often utilized materials. Bricks are highly regarded because to their widespread availability, cost-effectiveness, and excellent insulating capabilities. Nevertheless, the presence of efflorescence presents a difficulty in the construction of brick walls. Efflorescence refers to the process in which salts move to the outer layer of the brick, resulting in the formation of white deposits and negatively impacting its visual appeal. Efflorescence is caused by various circumstances, such as the existence of salts in bricks, …}

The Importance Of Cryptography In Cloud Computing, Saja Alaam Talib

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Cloud computing has grown as a widely accepted concept simultaneously, as the alarms for the security of data and information. This paper seeks to establish the comprehensive roles of cryptography in tackling these issues in the Cloud environment. The study begins with the historical background of cryptography and then moves on to analyze trends in information technology before discussing on the challenges to security in cloud computing. The goal of its publication is to highlight the importance of using cryptographic technologies for the protection of information confidentiality, its integrity and compliance. The combination of literature review and the case study …

A Concept Of Producing Aluminum In-Situ On The Moon Through Molten Salt Electrolysis, Jacob N. Ortega, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daniel Stutts, Daoru Han

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a concept of producing aluminum in-situ on the lunar surface, namely, the Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production through Molten Salt Electrolysis (LISAP-MSE) method developed at Missouri University of Science and Technology. This paper aims to demonstrate the use of electro-deoxidation to reduce aluminum oxide (i.e., alumina) into aluminum and oxygen gas via electrolysis in a molten salt bath for the production of aluminum on the Moon. It is shown that with a steady supply of hydrogen chloride, this in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) method could supply several necessary materials consumed in the electro-deoxidation process except hydrogen chloride to produce …

Magnetic Separation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants With Applications To In Situ Resource Utilization On The Moon, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The development of in situ resource utilization (ISRU) for metal extraction is imperative as a steppingstone for habitation construction in lunar and non-terrestrial environments. Separation of minerals by chemical composition is important to optimize metal and oxygen liberation from lunar ore. To this effect, devices capable of separating aluminum bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals from the lunar regolith simulants have been developed. Twenty-eight different simulants have been used in this study. A dual-belt separator was designed to reduce middling. Para-magnetic minerals were reliably separated using a neodymium N52-magnet-separator system. Effective separation of aluminum-bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals was greater than …

Phenolic Polymer Infiltration And Pyrolysis Process For Additively Manufactured Carbon/Peek Composites To Produce Carbon–Carbon Composites, S. Weiler, H. A. Haffner, K. Chandrashekhara, J. Watts, G. E. Hilmas, J. Bayldon, L. M. Rueschhoff

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Carbon–carbon composites are carbon fibers reinforced with carbon matrix and are classified as advanced materials well suited for high-temperature structural applications. Carbon–carbon composites are characterized by maintaining excellent mechanical properties and structural stability at high temperatures and have been used in aerospace application as nozzles, heatshields, and leading edge. However, conventional methods to manufacture carbon–carbon composites are costly and time-consuming. the aim of this work is to develop a method for creating additively manufactured (AM) carbon–carbon composites using a high-pressure re-infiltration process. in doing so, less infiltration cycles are required compared to a low-pressure re-infiltration, reducing the total manufacture time. …

Modeling Human Strategy For Flattening Wrinkled Cloth Using Neural Networks, Nilay Kant, Ashrut Aryal, Rajiv Ranganathan, Ranjan Mukherjee, Charles Owen

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper explores a novel approach to model strategies for flattening wrinkled cloth learning from humans. A human participant study was conducted where the participants were presented with various wrinkle types and tasked with flattening the cloth using the fewest actions possible. A camera and Aruco marker were used to capture images of the cloth and finger movements, respectively. The human strategies for flattening the cloth were modeled using a supervised regression neural network, where the cloth images served as input and the human actions as output. Before training the neural network, a series of image processing techniques were applied, …

New Testing Capabilities Of The Missouri University Of Science And Technology Supersonic Wind Tunnel, Joshua Gary, Davide Viganò

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The development of non-intrusive, laser-based diagnostic techniques has significantly enhanced supersonic experimental aerodynamics, enabling the measurement of many parameters in complex flow fields. Among these techniques, Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry, capable of measuring 3 components of velocity in 3-dimensional volumes, is now available at the Aerodynamics Research Laboratory of the Missouri University of Science and Technology. To integrate this new system into the university's supersonic wind tunnel, a redesigned nozzle, test section, and diffuser have been implemented. The upgraded modular test section features 4 large ports which can be configured with windows for optical diagnostics or lead plates for model …

Sensor Tasking For Low Earth Orbit Objects: Leveraging Space Sensor Data For Ground-Based Optical Observations, Smriti Nandan Paul, Hang Woon Lee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Because of recent advancements in space technologies, easier and more economical access to space, and an increase in commercial interests, the near-Earth space environment has witnessed an exploding number of objects being put into orbit. In particular, the low Earth orbit (LEO) region is at an increased risk of orbital collisions from large satellite constellation projects. Thus, monitoring LEO objects for space situational awareness and space traffic management has become increasingly imperative. In this paper, we use the concept of limited-CDF (cumulative distribution function) surface and mutual information for designing sensor tasking algorithms focusing on regular observation of known catalog …

Sensor Tasking Strategies For Space-Based Observers In The Cislunar Environment, Smriti Nandan Paul, Roshan Thomas Eapen, Puneet Singla

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The cislunar space environment has witnessed an increase in activities, and future projections indicate significant growth in object population. Consequently, it becomes crucial to monitor these objects for space domain awareness (SDA) purposes. As the number of objects surpasses the available observers, meticulous sensor tasking becomes essential. This paper focuses on designing and exploring strategies for observing and keeping custody of known objects in cislunar space. Optical space-based telescopes, combined with lunar ground-based telescope, are employed for sensor tasking of cislunar objects residing in valuable orbits. The proposed research aims to address the following key points: (1) examination of the …

Damage Initiation Of 15v38 Steel Bar During Square-To-Round Hot Rolling Process, Siva Sai Krishna Dasari, Henry Adekola Haffner, K. Chandrashekhara, Mario F. Buchley, Simon N. Lekakh, Ronald J. O'Malley

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Hot rolling processes have been extensively used to produce round bars by reducing the cross-sectional area of continuously cast steel. The current trend toward increasing productivity often requires a more aggressive reduction per pass. Establishing safe and optimized hot rolling parameters must be determined to avoid damage while deforming the specific steel composition. Understanding the damage mechanism during the metal forming process is vital for product quality. Herein, a combined experimental and simulation approach is developed to track the evolution potential damage during hot bar rolling. Hot tension tests are conducted on as-cast vanadium micro alloyed 15V38 steel at different …

L∞ Bounds For Transient Growth In Repetitive And Iterative Learning Control Systems, Douglas A. Bristow, John R. Singler

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper revisits the problem of large transient growth in Iterative Learning Control (ILC) and Repetitive Process Control (RPC) systems. In ILC and RPC problems a process is repeated iteratively, with new control calculations occurring in between each iteration. Large transient growth refers to the propensity of some control algorithms to grow error exponentially before eventually converging. While robust monotonic convergence algorithms (in which monotonic convergence is guaranteed usually in exchange for a small loss in performance) have largely eliminated the concern for large transient growth in ILC, similar results cannot always be obtained in RPC. The emergence of additive …

Effect Of Bioactive Borate Glass On Printability And Physical Properties Of Hydrogels, Fateme Fayyazbakhsh, Mehedi H. Tusar, Yue-Wern Huang, Ming C. Leu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Hydrogels are a key component in bioinks and biomaterial inks for bioprinting due to their biocompatibility and printability at room temperature. The research described in the present paper contributes to the advancement of bioprinting by studying the effect of bioactive borate glass (BBG) incorporated into hydrogels on printability and physical properties. In this study, we fabricated 3D-printed hydrogel scaffolds using gelatin and alginate hydrogel mixture incorporated with various amounts of BBG, a bio ceramic rich in therapeutic ions including boron, calcium, copper, and zinc. We investigated the effect of incorporating BBG on the density, viscosity, physical interactions, chemical structure, and …

An Evaluation Of Methods For Assessing Robot Kinematic Model Accuracy In The Presence Of Noise, Mitchell R. Woodside, Patrick Bazzoli, Philip A. Olubodun, J. Adam Nisbett, Guixiu Qiao, Douglas A. Bristow

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

While there are many works developing methods for modeling and calibrating robot kinematics, assessing the accuracy of those models has received little attention. However, accuracy assessment is critically important for applications where the robot must operate with absolute accuracy over a large region of workspace, such as in robotic machining. When the model of such a system is well calibrated, the remaining deterministic error can be quite complex, owing to complicated gearing errors, deformations, and quasi-static thermal changes. Locating the largest deterministic error requires an exploration over the workspace, but assessing the largest error is complicated by repeatability error and …

Impact Of Aging On Pim And Dc Resistance Of Fabric-Over-Foam Metallic Contacts, Kalkidan W. Anjajo, Seunghun Ryu, Shengxuan Xia, Gracie Boyer, Yuchu He, Haicheng Zhou, Hanfeng Wang, Jonghyun Park, Chulsoon Hwang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper the impact of aging on the level of passive intermodulation (PIM) and DC resistance of fabric-over-foam metallic contacts is presented. These contacts are widely used to maintain metallic connections between modules and chassis in electronic devices. The PIM caused by the loose metallic contact of these materials mainly affects a receiver's RF sensitivity in mobile devices. This aging test under elevated temperature and relative humidity conditions offers an experiment-based approach with respect to various metallic contact cases. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize the change in material composition and the contact surface …

Mixing Measurement On Hydrogen Jet By Libs Under Various Injection Strategies, Youngmin Ki, Jungho Justin Kim, Seong Young Lee, Joonsik Hwang, Choongsik Bae

Michigan Tech Publications

Favorable fuel properties of hydrogen for combustion system opens a new avenue to achieve deep decarbonization in transportation sector. Meanwhile, various technical challenges including low volumetric energy density, nitrogen oxide emissions, and backfire impede successful implementation of hydrogen in combustion engines. To overcome those issues, stratified charge combustion (SCC) is considered to optimize engine performance and emissions. As direct injection approach is utilized in SCC mode, ensuring quality of air-fuel mixing in combustion chamber is crucial. This study aims to understand hydrogen mixing behavior by quantitative measurement on equivalence ratio using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This measurement has been conducted …

Electrostatic Sorting Of Lunar Regolith Simulants For Sustainable Resource Utilization: Modeling And Characterization Of Particle Size Distribution, Abdullah Al Moinee, Peter Bachle, Kyle Newport, William Schonberg, David Bayless, Jeffrey Smith, Daoru Han, Fateme Rezaei

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In pursuit of sustainable resource utilization on the Moon, this paper delves into modeling and characterization of particle size distribution (PSD) of lunar regolith simulants in an electrostatic system. A prototype electrostatic sieve was built and tested with four sample simulants mirroring properties of lunar mare and highland regolith. An alternating four-phase (90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, 360 degrees) traveling square-wave was utilized for particle-directed transport to model the diverse trajectories of the particles. Numerically, we scrutinized how the distribution functions of the particles are manifested as the electrostatic field propagates, with a focus on three distinct particle ranges …

A Simulation Model Analysis In The Us-Mexico Border, Carlo A. Zorola, Hiram Moya, Aditya Akundi

Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

Supply Chain (SC) is the flow of goods or services between supply and demand points. New or innovative strategies in SC have been researched and developed to deal with disruptive events, such as COVID-19, hurricanes, geopolitical, and even climate change. These challenges create supply imbalances, logistical challenges, and policy restrictions for transborder commerce. The DHS has implemented the Free and Secure Trade (FAST) program in both the US-Mexico and US-Canada border. These lanes are dedicated queues for commercial vehicles. In 2022, the government of Nuevo León, México, opened a dedicated lane just for Tesla´s northbound commercial traffic. There has been …

Artificial Intelligence For Enhanced Flotation Monitoring In The Mining Industry: A Convlstm-Based Approach, Ahmed Bendaouia, El Hassan Abdelwahed, Sara Qassimi, Abdelmalek Boussetta, Intissar Benzakour, Oumkeltoum Amar, Oussama Hasidi

Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

In the mining industry, accurate monitoring of the elemental composition in the flotation froth is crucial for efficient minerals separation. The hybrid deep learning algorithms offer powerful computational intelligence for real-time monitoring of froth quality in flotation processes. This soft sensor tool can provide valuable information for process control, including predictions of the elemental chemical composition. In this study, we propose a novel approach based on a Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) neural network for real-time monitoring of chemical composition grades in flotation froth. The proposed model effectively extracts spatial and temporal patterns from video data, providing a better …

Nonlinear Hydrodynamic Modeling And Control Of Wave Energy Converters, Tania Demonte Gonzalez

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The growing urgency to transition towards carbon-neutral energy sources has sparked significant interest in diversifying energy portfolios by incorporating renewable energies, including the untapped potential of wave energy. This dissertation sets its objectives in advancing wave energy converter (WEC) technologies by focusing on developing and validating a nonlinear modeling technique and designing control strategies to maximize energy extraction and enhance WEC efficiency. At the heart of this research is the derivation and validation of an algebraic nonlinear Froude-Krylov forces model. Building on this foundational model, a robust nonlinear sliding mode controller and a nonlinear model predictive controller are designed to …

Modelling Of The Viscoelastic Relaxation Of A Stowed Telescope Starshade, Rahul Raghu

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024

The Habitable Worlds Telescope Starshade is an occulting disk that orbits in tandem with a telescope that occludes and diffuses the light from stars to observe the relatively dim exoplanets in orbit around them. It achieves this in part with tailored petals that diffuse light to soften the light from the star. Due to the relative sizes of the star and the planet, NASA considers the shape stability of the Starshade's petals to be a Key Technology Gap. The Starshade is developed to be a deployable composite structure that folds on itself to fit within modern rockets. Due to the …