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Articles 241 - 263 of 263
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Test 1971: John Deere 8320rt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Test 1971: John Deere 8320rt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Tractor Tests
ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …
Test 1970: John Deere 8295rt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Test 1970: John Deere 8295rt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Tractor Tests
ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …
Nebraska Summary: S776 Massey Ferguson 7475, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Summary: S776 Massey Ferguson 7475, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Tractor Tests
ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …
Nebraska Summary: S773 Massey Ferguson 6475, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Summary: S773 Massey Ferguson 6475, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab
Nebraska Tractor Tests
ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …
Climate And More Sustainable Cities: Climate Information For Improved Planning And Management Of Cities (Producers/Capabilities Perspective), C.S.B. Grimmond, Matthias Roth, Tim R. Oke, Y. C. Au, M. Best, R. Betts, Gregory R. Carmichael, Helen Cleugh, Walter F. Dabberdt, Rohinton Emmanuel, E. Freitas, K. Fortuniak, Steven Hanna, Petra M. Klein, Laurence S. Kalkstein, C. H. Liu, Alex Nickson, David Pearlmutter, David J. Sailor, James Voogt
Climate And More Sustainable Cities: Climate Information For Improved Planning And Management Of Cities (Producers/Capabilities Perspective), C.S.B. Grimmond, Matthias Roth, Tim R. Oke, Y. C. Au, M. Best, R. Betts, Gregory R. Carmichael, Helen Cleugh, Walter F. Dabberdt, Rohinton Emmanuel, E. Freitas, K. Fortuniak, Steven Hanna, Petra M. Klein, Laurence S. Kalkstein, C. H. Liu, Alex Nickson, David Pearlmutter, David J. Sailor, James Voogt
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
In the last two decades substantial advances have been made in the understanding of the scientific basis of urban climates. These are reviewed here with attention to sustainability of cities, applications that use climate information, and scientific understanding in relation to measurements and modelling. Consideration is given from street (micro) scale to neighbourhood (local) to city and region (meso) scale. Those areas where improvements are needed in the next decade to ensure more sustainable cities are identified. High-priority recommendations are made in the following six strategic areas: observations, data, understanding, modelling, tools and education. These include the need for more …
Direct Numerical Simulation Of Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers With Varying Freestream Mach Number, L. (Lian) Duan, I. Beekman, M. P. Mart́In
Direct Numerical Simulation Of Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers With Varying Freestream Mach Number, L. (Lian) Duan, I. Beekman, M. P. Mart́In
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this paper, the effects of freestream Mach number on the statistics and large-scale structures in compressible turbulent boundary layers are investigated using direct numerical simulations (DNS). DNS of turbulent boundary layers with nominal freestream Mach number ranging from 3 to 8 are performed. The validity of Morkovin's scaling, strong Reynolds analogy, and Walz's equation are assessed. We find that many of the scaling relations used to express compressible boundary layer statistics in terms of incompressible boundary layers still hold for the range of freestream Mach number considered. Compressibility effects are enhanced with increasing freestream Mach number but remain insignificant, …
Finite Element Analysis Of Cracks In Aging Aircraft Structures With Bonded Composite-Patch Repairs, Linxia Gu, Ananth Ram Mahanth Kasavajhala, Shijia Zhao
Finite Element Analysis Of Cracks In Aging Aircraft Structures With Bonded Composite-Patch Repairs, Linxia Gu, Ananth Ram Mahanth Kasavajhala, Shijia Zhao
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications
Bonded composite-patch repair has been used to transfer load from cracked structures to the reinforcement such that subsequent crack propagation is reduced. In this study,the mechanical behavior of a single edge v-notch A17075-T6 plate repaired with 1-ply and 4-ply composite patches was investigated through the finite element method. Contour integral method was used to define and evaluate the stress intensity factors at the crack tip. The effect of the adhesive epoxy film, patch material, thickness and ply orientations on the evolution of the stress intensity factor (SIF) of the repaired structure was examined. The results indicated that the SIF of …
Directional Annealing-Induced Texture In Melt-Spun (Sm12Co88)99Nb1 Alloy, Tanjore V. Jayaraman, P. Rogge, Jeffrey E. Shield
Directional Annealing-Induced Texture In Melt-Spun (Sm12Co88)99Nb1 Alloy, Tanjore V. Jayaraman, P. Rogge, Jeffrey E. Shield
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications
Developing texture in nanocrystalline permanent magnet alloys is of significant importance. Directional annealing is shown to produce texture in the permanent magnet alloy (Sm12Co88)99Nb1. Melt spinning produced isotropic grain structures of the hard magnetic metastable SmCo7 phase, with grain sizes of ∼300 nm. Conventional annealing of melt-spun (Sm12Co88)99Nb1 alloy produced Sm2Co17 phase with random crystallographic orientation. Directional annealing of melt-spun (Sm12Co88)99Nb1 alloy, with appropriate combinations of annealing temperature and translational velocity, produced Sm2 …
Thermal Models Of Railroad Wheels And Bearings, Kevin D. Cole, Constantine M. Tarawneh, Arturo A. Fuentes, B. M. Wilson, L. Navarro
Thermal Models Of Railroad Wheels And Bearings, Kevin D. Cole, Constantine M. Tarawneh, Arturo A. Fuentes, B. M. Wilson, L. Navarro
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications
The rolling surface for railroad wheels can be a heat source that may have an impact on the performance of the wheel bearing. In this study, experimental data from an electrically-heated railroad wheel set is analyzed by constructing thermal models of the wheel set. A steady finite-element model, a steady-analytical model, and a transient lumped-parameter model are discussed. Model parameters are determined from careful comparisons with the experimental data. The lumped-parameter model given here is intended as a simple predictive tool for determining when wheel heating caused by rail operations will have an impact on bearing temperature. The model parameters …
Luminescence Enhancement Of Cdte Nanostructures In Laf3:Ce/Cdte Nanocomposites, Mingzhen Yao, Xing Zhang, Lun Ma, Wei Chen, Alan G. Joly, Jinsong Huang, Qingwu Wang
Luminescence Enhancement Of Cdte Nanostructures In Laf3:Ce/Cdte Nanocomposites, Mingzhen Yao, Xing Zhang, Lun Ma, Wei Chen, Alan G. Joly, Jinsong Huang, Qingwu Wang
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications
Radiation detection demands new scintillators with high quantum efficiency, high energy resolution, and short luminescence lifetimes. Nanocomposites consisting of quantum dots and Ce3+ doped nanophosphors may be able to meet these requirements. Here, we report the luminescence enhancement of LaF3:Ce/CdTe nanocomposites which were synthesized by a wet chemistry method. CdTe quantum dots in LaF3:Ce/CdTe nanocomposites are converted into nanowires, while in LaF3 /CdTe nanocomposites no such conversion is observed. As a result, the CdTe luminescence in LaF3:Ce/CdTe nanocomposites is enhanced about five times, while in LaF3 /CdTe nanocomposites no enhancement was …
Feasibility Study Of Solar Driven Underground Cooling System, Michel E. Shafik
Feasibility Study Of Solar Driven Underground Cooling System, Michel E. Shafik
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In the United States the peak electrical use occurs during the summer. In addition, the building sector consumes a major portion of the annual electrical energy consumption. One of the main energy consuming components in the building sector is the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems. This research studies the feasibility of implementing a solar driven underground cooling system that could contribute to reducing building cooling loads. The developed system consists of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) coupled with a solar chimney that provides a natural cool draft to the test facility building at the Solar Energy Research Test Facility …
Parametric Analysis Of A Coupled Photovoltaic/Thermal Concentrating Solar Collector For Electricity Generation, Todd Otanicar, I. Chowdhury, P. E. Phelan, R. Prasher
Parametric Analysis Of A Coupled Photovoltaic/Thermal Concentrating Solar Collector For Electricity Generation, Todd Otanicar, I. Chowdhury, P. E. Phelan, R. Prasher
Mechanical Engineering Faculty Works
The analysis of the combined efficiencies in a coupled photovoltaic (PV)/thermal concentrating solar collector are presented based on a coupled electrical/thermal model. The calculations take into account the drop in efficiency that accompanies the operation of PV cells at elevated temperatures along with a detailed analysis of the thermal system including losses. An iterative numerical scheme is described that involves a coupled electrothermal simulation of the solar energy conversion process. In the proposed configuration losses in the PV cell due to reduced efficiencies at elevated temperatures and the incident solar energy below the PV bandgap are both harnessed as heat. …
Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector, Todd Otanicar, P. E. Phelan, R. S. Prasher, G. Rosengarten, R. A. Taylor
Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector, Todd Otanicar, P. E. Phelan, R. S. Prasher, G. Rosengarten, R. A. Taylor
Mechanical Engineering Faculty Works
Solar energy is one of the best sources of renewable energy with minimal environmental impact. Direct absorption solar collectors have been proposed for a variety of applications such as water heating; however the efficiency of these collectors is limited by the absorption properties of the working fluid, which is very poor for typical fluids used in solar collectors. It has been shown that mixing nanoparticles in a liquid (nanofluid) has a dramatic effect on the liquid thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity. Nanoparticles also offer the potential of improving the radiative properties of liquids, leading to an increase in the …
Uncertainty Analysis And Instrument Selection Using A Web-Based Virtual Experiment, Praveen Malali, Pooja Bais, Robert Choate, Sushil Chaturvedi
Uncertainty Analysis And Instrument Selection Using A Web-Based Virtual Experiment, Praveen Malali, Pooja Bais, Robert Choate, Sushil Chaturvedi
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
A methodology has been developed and successfully implemented for transforming physical experiments in an undergraduate thermo-fluids laboratory at Old Dominion University (ODU), a doctoral university, into web-based virtual experiments while the Mechanical Engineering (ME) faculty at Western Kentucky University (WKU), an undergraduate university, have developed and implemented a Design of Experiments (DOE) Plan to assure that graduates of their program have acquired the skills necessary to design and conduct experiments and analyze experimental results. This paper presents details about a web-based virtual experiment designed to teach students about selection of instruments based on the uncertainty estimated from the virtual experiment. …
Ab-10-018: The Effects Of Noise From Building Mechanical Systems With Tonal Components On Human Performance And Perception (1322-Rp), Erica E. Ryherd, Lily M. Wang
Ab-10-018: The Effects Of Noise From Building Mechanical Systems With Tonal Components On Human Performance And Perception (1322-Rp), Erica E. Ryherd, Lily M. Wang
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
This study investigated the effects of noise from building mechanical systems with tonal components on human task performance and perception. Six different noise conditions based on in-situ measurements were reproduced in an office-like setting; all were set to approximately the same sound level (47 dBA) but could have one particular tonal frequency (120 Hz, 235 Hz, or 595 Hz) at one of two tonal prominence ratios (5 or 9). Thirty participants were asked to complete typing, grammatical reasoning, and math tasks plus subjective questionnaires, while being exposed for approximately 1 hour to each noise condition. Results show that the noise …
Ab-10-017: Combined Effects Of Noise And Temperature On Human Comfort And Performance (1128-Rp), Dale Tiller, Lily M. Wang, Amy Musser, Matthew Radik
Ab-10-017: Combined Effects Of Noise And Temperature On Human Comfort And Performance (1128-Rp), Dale Tiller, Lily M. Wang, Amy Musser, Matthew Radik
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
This paper summarizes results from an experiment designed to investigate the combined effects of noise and temperature on human thermal comfort and task performance. Thirty subjects (16 females, 14 males) were exposed to all combinations of five thermal conditions (PMV +1 [79.6°F:26.4°C], PMV +0.5 [75.8°F:24.3°C], PMV 0 [72.1°F:22.3°C], PMV -0.5 [68.3°F:20.2°C], and PMV -1 [64.6°F:18.1°C]), three RC noise levels (RC-30, RC-40, and RC-50), and two sound qualities (neutral and rumbly): all sounds mimicked noise from building ventilation systems. After a one-hour adaptation period at each condition, subjects rated their thermal comfort using the ASHRAE Thermal Comfort Scale and the Tenant …
Ab-10-019: Human Performance And Perception-Based Evaluations Of Indoor Noise Criteria For Rating Mechanical System Noise With Time-Varying Fluctuations (1322-Rp), Lily M. Wang, Cathleen C. Novak
Ab-10-019: Human Performance And Perception-Based Evaluations Of Indoor Noise Criteria For Rating Mechanical System Noise With Time-Varying Fluctuations (1322-Rp), Lily M. Wang, Cathleen C. Novak
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of noise from building mechanical systems with time-varying fluctuations on human task performance and perception, and to determine how well current indoor noise rating methods account for this performance and perception. Six different noise conditions with varying degrees of time-varying fluctuations, many focused in the low frequency rumble region, were reproduced in an office-like setting. Thirty participants were asked to complete typing, grammatical reasoning, and math tasks plus subjective questionnaires, while being exposed for approximately one hour to each noise condition. Results show that the noise conditions with higher sound …
Ab-10-C037: Effects Of Noise From Building Mechanical Systems On Elementary School Student Achievement, Lauren M. Ronsse, Lily M. Wang
Ab-10-C037: Effects Of Noise From Building Mechanical Systems On Elementary School Student Achievement, Lauren M. Ronsse, Lily M. Wang
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
This project seeks to determine what relationship, if any, exists betweenbackground noise levels in elementary classrooms due to the building mechanicalsystems and student performance on achievement tests. Previous research inclassroom acoustics has clearly identified that lower background noise levelsresult in higher speech intelligibility which is crucial for the learning process;however, there is a lack of data correlating lower noise levels to improved studentachievement scores. For this study, background noise level measurements were madein 14 elementary schools in a public school system in Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA.The measurements were made in unoccupied classrooms with the central buildingmechanical systems activated. Second and …
Influence Of Interactions Between Turbulence And Radiation On Transmissivities In Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers, A. M. Feldick, L. (Lian) Duan, M. F. Modest, M. P. Martín, D. A. Levin
Influence Of Interactions Between Turbulence And Radiation On Transmissivities In Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers, A. M. Feldick, L. (Lian) Duan, M. F. Modest, M. P. Martín, D. A. Levin
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In the current paper, a high-fidelity large eddy simulation solver is coupled to our modified line-by-line radiative transport equation solver to study the effects of absorption turbulence-radiation interations in a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer, representative of the Orion CEV entering Earth's atmosphere, at peak heating condition. The turbulent and radiation fields represent extreme conditions typical of Orion, as the simulated boundary layer represents the region of high turbulence coupled to region of highest incident radiation. A simplification in the calculation of molecular spectra with a single temperature property database in allows for tractable calculation of spectral properties. A comparison of …
Direct Detection Of No Produced By High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination, Dušan A. Pejaković, Jochen Marschall, Lian Duan, Maria P. Martin
Direct Detection Of No Produced By High-Temperature Surface-Catalyzed Atom Recombination, Dušan A. Pejaković, Jochen Marschall, Lian Duan, Maria P. Martin
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The surface-catalytic recombination of oxygen and nitrogen atoms to form nitric oxide was confirmed by the direct detection of product NO molecules, using single-photon laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Experiments were performed from room temperature to 1200 K in a quartz diffusion-tube sidearm reactor enclosed in a high temperature tube furnace. Atomic nitrogen was generated using a microwave discharge, and atomic oxygen was produced via the rapid gas-phase titration reaction N + NO → O + N2. The use of isotopically labeled titration gases 15N16O and 15N18O allowed for the unambiguous identification of nitric oxide produced by the O + N surface …
Guidance And Control For Chase Uav Via Sliding Mode Approach, Takeshi Yamasaki, S. N. Balakrishnan
Guidance And Control For Chase Uav Via Sliding Mode Approach, Takeshi Yamasaki, S. N. Balakrishnan
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study focuses on integrated guidance and control for a chasing UAV against a maneuvering target. a sliding mode approach is selected to develop the integrated guidance and control using a full model of nonlinear, rigid body, 6 Degree-Of-Freedom equations of motion including nonlinear aerodynamics for the target-following capability and maneuverability enhancement against uncertain target maneuvers. Intermediate control variables for the integrated guidance and control system are carefully selected and approximated time derivatives of a sliding surface are applied such that a sliding surface structure is simple and sufficient to propagate the actuator input to the sliding surface in order …
Direct Numerical Simulation Of Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers. Part 2. Effect Of Wall Temperature, L. (Lian) Duan, I. Beekman, M. P. Martín
Direct Numerical Simulation Of Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers. Part 2. Effect Of Wall Temperature, L. (Lian) Duan, I. Beekman, M. P. Martín
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this paper, we perform direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent boundary layers at Mach 5 with the ratio of wall-to-edge temperature T w/T ℘ from 1.0 to 5.4 (Cases M5T1 to M5T5). The influence of wall cooling on Morkovin's scaling, Walz's equation, the standard and modified strong Reynolds analogies, turbulent kinetic energy budgets, compressibility effects and near-wall coherent structures is assessed. We find that many of the scaling relations used to express adiabatic compressible boundary-layer statistics in terms of incompressible boundary layers also hold for non-adiabatic cases. Compressibility effects are enhanced by wall cooling but remain insignificant, and the …
Measurement Sensitivity In Tapping-Mode Atomic Force Microscopy Using A Bi-Harmonic Drive Signal, Santosh R. Kodandarama, Douglas A. Bristow
Measurement Sensitivity In Tapping-Mode Atomic Force Microscopy Using A Bi-Harmonic Drive Signal, Santosh R. Kodandarama, Douglas A. Bristow
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In tapping mode atomic force microscopy, surface features are measured indirectly via the amplitude of the tapping cantilever. a change in surface profile is detectable only if it results in an amplitude change that is significant enough to be measured by the optics. Previous works have focused on improving sensitivity through the system's Q-factor, either by changing physical cantilever properties or using feedback control, but those approaches undesirably slow down the dynamic response. in this work we take a novel approach to sensitivity amplification by reshaping the tapping trajectory. by shaping the trajectory so that the probe spends a greater …