Engineering Commons^™

A Survey Of Manufacturing Practices In Southeast Asia, Fe Irma A. Ramirez

Theses

This paper presents a study of the current manufacturing practices in Southeast Asia particularly Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. This region is regarded as the next region to watch in terms of economic performance and potential. A mail survey of manufacturing companies in these countries was performed in order to get the data. A six-page questionnaire was sent and covered the following areas: company profile, production control and management, quality management and automation and computerization. Majority of the respondents were medium- and large scale companies and carried a wide array of products. Most of the firms were labor intensive rather …

An Application Of Neural Networks To Statistical Process Control, Asterios Papaikonomou

Theses

Recent changes in the past World War II economy have produced a more educated, value driven customer. A global economy has emerged to technological advances which has made competition fierce as well as proximate. As a result, manufacturing companies are required to provide consumers with quality products at a reasonable cost. A quality product is defined as one that fulfills the needs and expectations of the consumer and provides him with a sense of value.

Since all companies want to provide quality products, the reason why poor quality is sometimes the result is not the outcome of actions for that …

Processing And Application Of Polyolefin Plastics, Muhammad Khalid

Theses

This thesis describes the manufacturing, processing and application of polyolefin thermoplastics. Polyolefins have become one of the most important kinds of plastics. Polyolefin resin represents about one third of all plastics sold and its application for films and containers dominate the packaging industry. The objective of this thesis is to present the various processing methods and application of polyolefin thermoplastics. Polyolefin is produced by several different processes. Conventional low density polyethylene is made by polymerizing ethylene at high pressure and high temperatures while high density polyethylene is polymerized at relatively low pressure and low temperatures. Generally all polyolefin possess excellent …

Geometric Dimensioning And Tolerancing A Tool For Concurrent Engineering, Tapan Kumar S. K. Jain

Theses

The concept of Concurrent Engineering recognizes an immediate need for a new design environment and technology and so requires extensive interdisciplinary cooperation and integration of diverse functions of a manufacturing organization such as marketing, design, manufacturing and finance. One of the key factors to achieve successful integration among the departments is better communication and it becomes imperative in cases of varying levels of communication needs, especially in interdepartmental cases.

Concurrent Engineering is a philosophy which provides certain benefits. There are various tools and methods available for implementation of Concurrent Engineering concepts. One of the tools is Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing …

Simulation Of Manufacturing Cell Using Hoops Graphic Software And Siman Simulation Language, Parikh Vipul

Theses

Control of jobs being processed in manufacturing shop floor is important to management. The performance of job shop is affected by shop congestion due to arrival rate, batch size, number of machines, buffer capacity, process time variation, and dispatching rules use to load the jobs on the machine.

The job shop is a very complex system and hence, it is difficult as well as time consuming to obtained result using analytical method. A SIMAN simulation language is used to create generic model of a manufacturing cell and simulation analysis of those parameters variation such as job shop efficiency, the average …

Coordinate Measuring Machines : A Modern Inspection Tool In Manufacturing, Matthias Richard Mantel

Theses

Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) are flexible and universal dimensional measuring devices with the capability for full integration into a CIM information network. Developed as highly precise measuring machines for specially designed measuring rooms, today's CMMs are more and more used in shop floor applications which is a hostile environment for a precise measuring tool. CMMs are offered in a variety of configurations and levels of automation. For the CMM buyer it is therefore essential to have an overview of the different types of CMMs and their subsystems before making a purchasing decision.

To obtain reliable measuring results that are used …

Design And Development Of Flexible Manufacturing Cells - A Case Study, Behrouz Barzani

Theses

This paper covers the typical ills of American manufacturing companies and provides steps to selecting a flexible manufacturing cell(s) or system as a remedy. For that reason various definition of different types of flexibilities in manufacturing and the interrelationships between the several types have been examined. In addition, their purposes, means of obtaining them and some measurement and evaluations has been discussed. This was done to cover the basic but necessary requirements for understanding and selecting a flexible manufacturing system. Finally, the design process of a flexible system and its intuitive justification were discussed.

Graphics Interfaced Computer Automated Process Planning, Ajit Nimbvikar

Theses

The work is based on the manufacturing of gears in a Job Shop type production plant. The topic is divided into three sections. 1. design, 2. graphics, and 3. process planning and analysis. A program is developed using Fortran for the iterative design procedure. With basic inputs, the program provides the design of gears with dimensions. During the procedure, the user has to intervene to specify some codes for the selection of materials and other parameters. Second section deals with the graphics utility. It provides a drawing of the gear with dimensions according to the input obtained from the design …

Computer Aided Manufacturing For Production Environment, Biren K. Parikh

Theses

Investments in new technology like Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) increased in the past few years because of the foreign competition in the world market as well as on the home ground. Improper investment in CAM and CIM resulted in the "Islands of Automation" instead of an integrated system. These "Islands of Automation" have created new problems for production planning and factory communication.

The objective of the thesis is to develop the methodology to selection and implementation of the CAM system in the production environment. It is to be noted that a CAM system is part of the overall CIM implementation, …

Reverse Engineering : An Evaluation Of Contact Technology And Application In Manufacturing Systems, Shailesh V. Jadhav

Theses

There are many instances where one-of-a-kind parts, such as prototypes or custom-built parts, need to be reproduced. When a Computer Aided Design (CAD) of an existing part is not available, reverse engineering is involved in recreation of such part. Currently, geometric measurements from the surface of a prototype are extracted manually and sent to a CAD system. It is typically time consuming, tedious, and potentially a source of error. This study outlines a methodology, for the development of a CAD model, rapid prototype, and subsequently manufacturing of the part. The method developed uses a contact technique to extract 2-D or …

Stepwise Reduction And Approximation Method For Performance Analysis Of Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets, Jinming Ma

Theses

This thesis delves into the performance analysis of generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) model by using an approximation method: the Stepwise Reduction and Approximation (SRA) Method. The key point is that we are able to analyze a subnet in isolation by keeping its token flow direction and its sub-throughput equivalent with all the possible tokens entering into the subnet. The thesis first defines various kinds of potentially reducible subnets, subnet selection rules, approximation subnet construction rules, and reduction evaluation rules. Then corresponding to the possible subnets, the approximation method is used stepwisely until the interested measures are found with the …

Trouble Shooting In Plastic Injection Molding Machines, Zafar Kamal

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to find the solution of those problems which occur during plastic injection molding process. Molding cycle problem analysis is an important field in plastic injection process. It is very necessary to catch the problems during operation. Therefore on the basis of research trouble shooting criteria is prepared.

Good quality control is an essential feature for finding any sort of fault. Quality control is associated with each and every step of operation to maintain the required shape and surface finishing.

Most of the molding problems are solved by varying the machine conditions and by changing …

Cause And Effect Diagrams For Process Analysis And Control, Philip Thomas

Theses

Cause and effect diagrams can be used as an effective tool for identifying the possible causes of a quality problem. Using this diagram one can go deep into the causes of the problem and take proper remedial action. Several graphical techniques like matrix diagrams, systematic diagrams, etc., can be combined with this tool to better represent the cause effect relationships. While a quantitative approach of this technique is feasible but limited, there are useful applications based on qualitative approach to this technique. The objective of this thesis is to propose a quantitative approach to the cause and effect diagrams especially …

Design For Productivity Using Gd&T, Srihari G. Acharya

Theses

No abstract provided.

Cost Deployment Based On Quality Function Deployment, John Goceljak

Theses

A methodology for Cost Deployment based on Quality Function Deployment (QFD) architecture is developed and explained. Following a comprehensive review of Quality Function Deployment terminology and composition, a house-of-quality is developed, and matrix correlation methodologies are discussed. Current applications are presented to illustrate the scope and adaptability of this quality assurance tool. In addition, an exercise in product design and review is conducted to illustrate a unique approach to cost deployment. Quality Function Deployment issues, including software, consulting, and preferred practices are also presented.

Design For Manufacturability And Assembly, Srinivas Mullapudi

Theses

This report presents a study of the various concepts of design for manufacturability and assembly with some case studies, and examples.

The goal of DFM is reduction of parts and simplifying assembly process. A simple faucet has been studied and attempts have been made at re-designing the same using the techniques of design for manufaturability as postulated by Boothroyd, Dewhurst and Henry Stoll.

The Design And Manufacture Of Institutional Trays Using Simultaneous Engineering, Antonio Schmidt

Theses

This study evaluates thermoformed trays as used in the food service industry. The resin used in fabricating trays is a blend of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC). The life of the trays is presently between 1 to 3 years. The trays are used in correctional facilities and hospitals. The handling of the tray is not abusive. The trays are pulled out of service once they exhibit stress cracking.

To further understand the unpredictable life of the thermoformed trays an understanding of the behavior of the plastics is required and the method of comparing one resin from another, as …

Modeling, Evaluation, And Control Of A Flexible Manufacturing Cell Using Petri Nets, Glenn Arthur Thorniley

Theses

This thesis describes the usefulness of Petri nets in modeling, evaluating, and controlling a Flexible Manufacturing Cell (FMC). The basics of Petri net theory are explained and a specific FMC is examined. First, the FMC is modeled. The purpose of modeling is to facilitate the evaluation and provide a framework on which the control methodologies can be applied. The objective of the evaluation is to determine how the FMC would benefit most by replacing or adding equipment. Several ideas on control are combined to form a useful framework for the designing of the control net. With this framework the control …

Application Of Desktop Manufacturing System (Sla) For The Manufacturing Of A Centrifugal Pump Impeller Using Cad (I-Deas), Wasimuddin Azam Muhammad Syed

Theses

Desktop Manufacturing (DTM) systems which combine personal computer, laser and other technologies are being used to sculpt objects from computer generated models created on computer aided design (CAD) workstations. As a member of DTM systems, StereoLithography Apparatus (SLA) transforms 3-dimensional designs into a 3-D output. This can substantially reduce the time required to produce a prototype through the process of photopolymerization. The process involves the transfer of a liquid plastic monomer into a solid polymer by exposing it to ultraviolet light.

Although the process looks productive, inefficiencies can occur, if incorrect parameters are selected before its application for a particular …

A Study Of Annular Slurry Jet For Abrasive Waterjet Cutting, Thomas Kuriakose

Theses

The objective of this project is to study the performance of an annualr slurry jet nozzle for abrasive waterjet cutting. This nozzle has been invented by Avraham. Harnoy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NJIT and presented to the patent committee of NJIT in May 1990. This study includes design and development of prototyes and testing of their performance. Moreover, it includes initial theoretical study of the flow behavior.

The idea is based on the merging of a high velocity pure waterjet with an annular jet of a slurry of water and abrasives at low velocity. The two jets merge outside the …

Uses And Applications Of Artificial Intelligence In Manufacturing, Manojkumar H. Desai

Theses

The purpose of the THESIS is to provide engineers and personnels with a overview of the concepts that underline Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems. Artificial Intelligence is concerned with the developments of theories and techniques required to provide a computational engine with the abilities to perceive, think and act, in an intelligent manner in a complex environment.

Expert system is branch of Artificial Intelligence where the methods of reasoning emulate those of human experts. Artificial Intelligence derives it's power from its ability to represent complex forms of knowledge, some of it common sense, heuristic and symbolic, and the ability to …

Shop Floor Planning And Control In Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Tahir Mahmood

Theses

The implementation of a shop floor planning and control system is a prerequisite in establishing an effective computer integrated manufacturing system. A shop floor control system integrates management production goals with the capabilities and limitations of the manufacturing plant. Shop floor planning begins with a long term rough cut capacity plan and evolves into near term, capacity requirements and input/output plans. Shop floor control provides a status of in-process operations and a measure of the plants success in executing the plan. Effective use of technology on shop floor increases the efficiency of the manufacturing plant. Simulation is an important tools …

Design Of A Material Handling System For The Automatic Assembly Of A Shower Head, Irshad Meherally

Theses

The design of a Material Handling System for the Shower Head assembly is proposed. The working principle of complete automation and individual workstation is presented using "I-DEAS" software. Alternative equipments and their usage in the automation of the assembly is also proposed. Custom made fixtures, workcarriers, orienters, magazines, part feeders are designed for the assembly. Analysis of design for assembly in terms of cost and efficiency is performed by generating a Coding System Technique.

Computer Numerical Controlled (Cnc) Machining Of Screws And Dies For Plasticating Extruders : Determination Of The Criteria For Implementing Cnc Machining, Nilesh H. Desai

Theses

The work of this thesis is dedicated to the manufacturing industry making production equipment to manufacture plastic products. The main theme of the thesis is to determine the criteria for implementing Computer Numerical Control machining to make parts with complex geometries for production equipment.

A small manufacturing company with job shop type of production was chosen as the subject and study of extruder manufacturing process was performed. The various available alternatives of CNC manufacturing units available in the market were chosen and their feasibility examined.

At present a large variety of CNC machine tools are available in the market, offered …

Computer-Aided Process Planning (Capp) Sorich, Sohail Pirzada

Theses

The last two decades have witnessed the increasing role of the computer in the process planning function. This has been further enhanced by the advent of the knowledge based expert system, and its impact on Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP). CAPP has emerged as a strategic link between design and manufacture. This thesis discusses the various methods used in the process planning function. Group Technology (GT) plays a pivotal role in establishing CAPP. The utilization of Artificial Intelligence techniques in CAPP is listed. This study also presents an Interactive Software adaptive to product/part configuration variables.

Redesign Of Parts And Simulation Of Flexible Assembly Cell For Safety Water Shower Assembly, Balraj Y. Gardilla

Theses

A Design for Assembly (DSA) method is used to analyze the safety water shower assembly and to redesign the components with emphasis on meeting the criteria of allowing for flexible Assembly Cell (FAS). An Expert System is developed to select the right Assembly using VP-Expert. This thesis contrasts the old and new safety water shower assembly designs and describes the design of a final Flexible Assembly Cell. A PUMA 550 robot was investigated for use in the cell design. The flexible Assembly cell is simulated on silicon graphics using the IGRIP software. The economics of each part presentation method is …

Development Of An Expert System For The Safety Of Workers From Electrical Hazards At Work Place, Faizul Islam

Theses

This thesis presents the development of an expert system for the safety of workers from electrical hazards at work place.

The objective of this work is to show how an expert system within the workplace can be used in helping to create an effective safety program.

An effective expert system for electrical safety have been developed for the workers to prevent accidents from electrical hazards using the safety regulations of Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

The regulations developed by OSHA have been incorporated in rule based expert system which can be accessed by any non computer professional and the system …

Design And Development Of An Automated Assembly System In A Discrete Manufacturing Environment, Sandeep K. Desai

Theses

This work is dedicated to extend the technology of automated assembly to include small and thin parts, light in weight. As the parts are thin a problem exists in the feeding process and orientation. The objective of project is to overcome this difficulty. The main theme of this thesis is to reduce labor cost and to improve productivity and quality of assembly operations by introducing low cost automation in the companies having discrete manufacturing environment.

An example of assembly involving a thin part has been selected. Two components from an electrical switch assembly are chosen, namely the spring and rivet. …

Advanced Manufacturing Applications Of Cost Estimating Techniques For Metal Cutting Industries, Zubair Hamid

Theses

In this work, different cost estimating techniques in metal cutting industry were studied. A basic understanding of estimation concepts were given. The typical breakdown of total cost was also given and discussed in details. Practical applications of cost estimating is studied. The effect of different parameters which relate to the lot sizes or quantity were discussed. All these results show that total cost is minimum at a point which is called least cost point, after that cost increases because of the addition of extra resources, in terms of man, machine and increase in administrative expenses.

A Case Study On Petri Net Modeling, Animation, And Simulation, Suresh C. Gurala

Theses

Petri nets as a graphical tool has developed over the last decade into a suitable model for representing, modeling, designing, analyzing and studying concurrent systems. In this thesis, Petri nets are applied for analyzing, modeling and simulation of a flexible assembly station. An existing AT&T FWS200 flexible assembly workstation for printed circuit board is modeled using Petri nets without the consideration of insertion failures and other abnormalities in the system. The Petri net model is then simulated using Graphics simulation language (GSL).