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Articles 3361 - 3390 of 4582

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Compaction Columns Field Tests In Heterogeneous Soil Profile, Carlos Blanco, Bernardo Villegas, Jose Sgambatti Jun 1993

Compaction Columns Field Tests In Heterogeneous Soil Profile, Carlos Blanco, Bernardo Villegas, Jose Sgambatti

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two pilot tests were conducted on two different areas to evaluate the effects of compaction columns on the engineering properties of a sand-clay layered soil profile. In the first field test, 120 stone columns were constructed using vibro replacement and casing-ramming techniques, in a equilateral triangular array with different spacing. In the second field test, 20 stone columns were constructed using casing-ramming technique, in a equilateral triangular array spaced 3m c/ c. In order to evaluate, the stone columns effectiveness and effects, both a detailed in-situ testing and instrumentation programs were planned to be carried out in five different stages. …

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Soil Strengthening Of Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Power Houses In Punjab, India, K. C. Verma Jun 1993

Soil Strengthening Of Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Power Houses In Punjab, India, K. C. Verma

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two Hydro Power Houses are under construction on the Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal emanating from river Sutlej at Nangal in the State of Punjab, India. These Power Houses, one (2X18 MW) at Ropar and another (2X7.45Mw) at Rajpura had silty-clay soil strata with heterogeneous dispersion under the Power House. Further bearing capacity of the foundation was much lower than the impressed loads and settlements were heavy, while permissible tilt in the vertical shafts of the Hydro-generating machines is 3 mm in 10M height. So it was necessary to provide strengthening measures at both the sites. For Ropar Hydel Power House …

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Site Geology And Tunneling Methods, S. K. Jain Jun 1993

Site Geology And Tunneling Methods, S. K. Jain

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Site geology, subsurface and ground water conditions play a vital role in the design of underground structures and the selection of appropriate construction methods and equipments. This paper describes a tunnel project where site subsoils and geo-hydrology dictated the use of various tunneling methods employed at the site. The project is an interceptor sewer tunnel in Staten Island, New York, as a part of the Oakwood Beach Water Pollution Control Project, and consists of two pumping stations and approximately 6.5 miles of sewer along Hylan Boulevard, as shown on Figure 1. The diameter of the tunnel varies from 66 to …

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A Study On Electro-Osmotic Consolidation Of Soft Clays, G. Lefebvre, T. V. Pavate Jun 1993

A Study On Electro-Osmotic Consolidation Of Soft Clays, G. Lefebvre, T. V. Pavate

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The effects of an electro-osmotic treatment on a soft sensitive clay from Eastern Canada were examined based on the laboratory tests performed on undisturbed specimens. The interpretation of the tests focus on the non-homogeneity of the treatment, the influence of polarity reversal and strong induration which develops near the anode in addition to the consolidation.

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Building Collapse Due To Shallow Trench Excavation, S. J. Vitton, R. C. Brown Jun 1993

Building Collapse Due To Shallow Trench Excavation, S. J. Vitton, R. C. Brown

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A building collapse is investigated in which a shallow trench, excavated along the length of the building, resulted in the building's collapse. An investigation indicated that the trench had been excavated within 1 ft (0.3 m) of the foundation and that the foundation had been constructed on approximately 7 ft (2.1 m) of soft silty clay with the bottom portion of this soil highly saturated. The bearing capacity of the foundation, prior to excavation, was estimated to have a safety factor as low as 1.5. As a result of the proximity of the trench to the foundation and the soft …

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Development On Florida's Phosphate Mine Lands, W. A. Ericson, L. P. Moore, L. D. Madrid Jun 1993

Development On Florida's Phosphate Mine Lands, W. A. Ericson, L. P. Moore, L. D. Madrid

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A majority of Polk County, in central Florida, has been mined for phosphate in the past. Mining companies use the mined areas to deposit mining wastes such as the tailings sands and highly plastic clay materials that are associated with the beneficiation of phosphate ore. The clays are allowed to consolidate, but often, the resulting solids content or shear strength of the materials is very low even after several tens of years. One such area that was impacted by mining and subsequent clay disposal was to become a mobile home park. The developer did not investigate the subsurface conditions prior …

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Investigation Of Hole Caving Due To Vibrations, W. N. Houston, S. L. Houston, K. D. Walsh Jun 1993

Investigation Of Hole Caving Due To Vibrations, W. N. Houston, S. L. Houston, K. D. Walsh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Foundations for a power plant were constructed by drilling holes in cemented sand for 36" piers. The boreholes in the cemented sand did not cave. A major design change required the demolition of the original piers and pile caps with large hoe rams and the drilling of new 36" boreholes in the same location. The new drilling contractor experienced widespread caving, which he was unable to remedy. The authors first investigated the possibility that the second contractor used inferior equipment or techniques. Then the authors investigated the possibility that a loss in soil cohesion occurred due to the vibrations from …

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Soil Remediation Via Environmentally Processed Asphalt (Epa), S. M. Testa, D. L. Patton Jun 1993

Soil Remediation Via Environmentally Processed Asphalt (Epa), S. M. Testa, D. L. Patton

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Several methodologies are available for the remediation of contaminated soils including bioremediation, vapor extraction, chemical fixation, incineration and direct disposal. A proven innovative and cost effective alternative for the fixation of contaminated soils is via cold-mix Environmentally Processed Asphalt (EPA). EPA methodology utilizes contaminated soil as an ingredient in an industrial process to produce a commercially viable product. Petroleum hydrocarbon and metal affected soil is incorporated with an asphalt emulsion and aggregate to produce a range of cold-mix asphalt product that fulfills the requirements of a variety of end uses. This viable and creative use which is within the intent …

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Discussions And Replies Session 12, C. A. Dougherty, Subijoy Dutta, J. Blayne Kirsch, Clifford Knitter Jun 1993

Discussions And Replies Session 12, C. A. Dougherty, Subijoy Dutta, J. Blayne Kirsch, Clifford Knitter

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Session 10, 11, 12 − Opening Remarks, Shiming Wu Jun 1993

Session 10, 11, 12 − Opening Remarks, Shiming Wu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Anchored Cutoff Structure Design And Construction, G. K. Burke, G. T. Brill Jun 1993

Anchored Cutoff Structure Design And Construction, G. K. Burke, G. T. Brill

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

As part of a new cogeneration plant being built in Jacksonville, Florida, a 31-foot deep excavation was required to install a 173-foot by 53-foot coal unloading structure in loose to medium-dense fine sands with shallow ground water. A conventional system of excavation support would typically consist of installing and maintaining a dewatering system and driving sheet piles. However, due to the potential for shallow contaminated ground water at the site and a restricted amount of inflow treatment capacity, a nearly complete cutoff or "bathtub" structure was required. A system that is relatively new to the United States was designed and …

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Case History Of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (Ates), C. Mirza Jun 1993

Case History Of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (Ates), C. Mirza

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Aquifer Thermal Energy storage (ATES) is a relatively new energy conserving technology which enables subsurface seasonal storage of freely available cold of winters and heat of summers for re-use in the opposite season. Thermal energy is stored in aquifers, groundwater serving as the medium of energy transfer. This case history describes an ATES installation for an office building in Ontario. Groundwater from a 10 m thick sandy aquifer at the 60 m depth is pumped from one pair of wells and re-injected, after extraction or addition of heat, into an opposing pair of wells. ATES technology not only conserves non-renewable …

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Discussions And Replies Session 13, B. S. Y. Chen Jun 1993

Discussions And Replies Session 13, B. S. Y. Chen

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Consolidation Parameters By Graphical Method, T. Shogaki, M. Kaneko Jun 1993

Evaluation Of Consolidation Parameters By Graphical Method, T. Shogaki, M. Kaneko

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The applicability of the graphical method to estimate the consolidation parameters in the conventional oedometer test is investigated experimentally. The behaviors of settlement and the pore water pressure at the bottom of specimen under one dimensional consolidation for disturbed cohesive soil are discussed in this study, and the length of increment for the graphical method is given as the function of the consolidation pressure. It should be said that the values of consolidation parameters obtained by the graphical method can be same in a practical use as that by the classical methods. When both the graphical method and its application …

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Marta East Line Tunnels Under I-285, Atlanta, Georgia, M. R. Funkhouser, K. P. Akins Jun 1993

Marta East Line Tunnels Under I-285, Atlanta, Georgia, M. R. Funkhouser, K. P. Akins

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority combined three new technologies − microtunneling, jet grouting, and rock-socketed "minipiles" − to successfully construct twin rail tunnels under an eight-lane highway with as little as 4-1/2 feet of cover. Geotechnical parameters, tunneling method selection, and construction methods are discussed. Ground response and monitoring are summarized.

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Preliminary Studies Of Ground Motions At Treasure Island And Yerba Buena Sites During The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, W. D. Liam Finn, Guoxi Wu, Carlos E. Ventura Jun 1993

Preliminary Studies Of Ground Motions At Treasure Island And Yerba Buena Sites During The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, W. D. Liam Finn, Guoxi Wu, Carlos E. Ventura

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Site response analyses were conducted at the Treasure Island site where surface motions were recorded during the Loma Prieta earthquake. The analyses were conducted using a nonlinear dynamic effective stress method which took into account the effects of the liquefaction that occurred at the site. The rock motions recorded at nearby Yerba Buena Island were used as input motions. Computed and recorded ground motions transverse to the direction of wave propagation and associated response spectra were in good agreement. Agreement was also good in the radial direction, except in certain frequency bands higher than 1.25 Hz. Coherence studies showed that …

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Response Of House Foundations During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Gennaro G. Marino Jun 1993

Response Of House Foundations During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Gennaro G. Marino

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Significant damage to house foundations has resulted from the Lorna Prieta earthquake. In some cases the cost to repair the foundation and to make the necessary seismic upgrades exceeded the market value of the house. This level of foundation damage was found at various distances from the epicenter and in different geologic settings. Presented in this paper are observations made on the foundation responses to various ground effects from the earthquake shaking. Also pointed out is the difference in performance of various affected foundation systems.

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Some Aspects On The Falyum-Egypt Earthquake Of October 12, 1992, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, Mohamed A. Bahr, Mohamed H. Riyad Jun 1993

Some Aspects On The Falyum-Egypt Earthquake Of October 12, 1992, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, Mohamed A. Bahr, Mohamed H. Riyad

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A moderate size earthquake shocked the southern west part of Cairo by 35km at 15:15 P.M. local time on October 12, 1992 causing wide spread devastation leading to loss of many lives and structure damages along the surrounding big cities. The paper describes the behavior of two identical residential buildings constructed on two different site soil conditions. The lesson learnt from the performance differences are highlighted, and some geotechnical and structural aspects are recorded.

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Analysis And Performance Of Raft And Raft-Pile Systems, I. K. Lee Jun 1993

Analysis And Performance Of Raft And Raft-Pile Systems, I. K. Lee

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A brief review is made of the development of the analyses of structure-raft and structure-raft-pile systems. Examples are presented to illustrate the scope of present-day analyses. The applicability of the linear analysis is examined by comparing predicted and measured values of settlements, contact pressure and pile loads. Consideration is given to the influence of the soil constitutive model on predicted values.

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Leaning Tower Of Pisa — Updated Information, M. Jamiolkowski, R. Lancellotta, C. Pepe Jun 1993

Leaning Tower Of Pisa — Updated Information, M. Jamiolkowski, R. Lancellotta, C. Pepe

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper is aimed at giving information on the present situation of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and on the activities undertaken for its safeguard by the International Committee appointed in May 1990 by the Italian Government. After a brief review of the subsoil conditions of the structural features and of the observed movements of the Tower, the activities undertaken by the Committee are also summarized.

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Case Histories: Geology, Value Engineering And Deep Foundations In New York Area, S. K. Jain Jun 1993

Case Histories: Geology, Value Engineering And Deep Foundations In New York Area, S. K. Jain

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The geologic and subsurface conditions in the Metropolitan New York area are highly variable and complex. The Building Code of the City of New York (henceforth, The Code) requires soil identification based on their geological history and engineering characteristics. The code is very stringent and it specifies elaborate subsurface exploration, field testing and geotechnical analysis for the foundation design and its installation. In this paper three deep foundation construction case histories in the New York City are presented which emphasize the importance of site geology, subsurface exploration and value engineering.

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A Case History Of Raft Foundation Behavior For A Large-Scaled Building Complex, M. Aoki, M. Maruoka, N. Sahasi, Y. Okamura, Y. Ikuta Jun 1993

A Case History Of Raft Foundation Behavior For A Large-Scaled Building Complex, M. Aoki, M. Maruoka, N. Sahasi, Y. Okamura, Y. Ikuta

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the field observation of settlement of a raft foundation for a large scale building complex in Nagoya city in Japan. The complex consists of a 28 story hotel, a 15 story office building and a low-storied banquet hall in the middle all of which are supported on a single 80 m square basement on raft foundation. Since the load on the foundation is non-uniform, the differential settlement of the foundation was investigated analytically, taking into consideration the interaction between the ground and the raft. To confirm the validity of the design, measurements were conducted for about 2 …

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Case History Of Soil Improvement For A Large-Scale Land Reclamation, Bang W. Shin, Eun C. Shin, Sun W. Kim, Byung C. Yeo, Paghunath Dass Jun 1993

Case History Of Soil Improvement For A Large-Scale Land Reclamation, Bang W. Shin, Eun C. Shin, Sun W. Kim, Byung C. Yeo, Paghunath Dass

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In recent years, land reclamation works have been extensively implemented along the coastal lines for a variety of purposes. This paper relates to the case history of a land reclamation project for a steel mill complex construction in Korea. Site improvement techniques used in this project include construction of sand drains and pre loading. Construction procedures of sand drains are described as well as staged loading process along with field observations. Field measurement of settlement and theoretically estimated values are compared. The results of standard penetration tests and unconfined compression tests at various depths of soil, and time intervals are …

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Case History Of Foundation Design For 50000 M3 Oil Tank, Hai-Chen Hsu Jun 1993

Case History Of Foundation Design For 50000 M3 Oil Tank, Hai-Chen Hsu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper introduces the case history of foundation design for 50000 m3 oil tank in collapsible loess region. After field deep blasting test and laboratory soil test, author design deep Explosion-Squeeze-Foundation under the foundations of two oil tanks in a refinery for refining 5 million tons of crude oil per year. Diameter of E.S.F. :D1=66.43m; thickness of E.S.F.: H1=12m. It was the largest engineering practice in collapsible loess region in China in 1979 that deep foundation of 50000 cubic meter oil tanks are built by explosion squeeze technique first time.

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Crack Damage And Treatment Of Low House On Expansive-Contractive Red Clay, Ke Zunjing, Shan Mei Jun 1993

Crack Damage And Treatment Of Low House On Expansive-Contractive Red Clay, Ke Zunjing, Shan Mei

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Red clay distributes widely in China, it can be classified into two kinds: swell- shrinking and non-swell-shrinking red clay. According to the strong strength and low compressibility features of the Expansive-contractive Red Clay (ECRC), it can be used as an excellent natural ground. Sometimes its swell- shrinkage property may cause crack damage to the low house which based on the ECRC. This rupture is quite common and serious, the crack house became dangerous and had to be rebuilt. In China, the main preventive measures against the crack damage are: moisture holding, deep embedment, soil replacement method (sand cushion), sand surrounding …

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Damage Of A Broadcasting Station Due To Shrinkage Of Soil, M. A. El-Sohby, A. M. Elleboudy Jun 1993

Damage Of A Broadcasting Station Due To Shrinkage Of Soil, M. A. El-Sohby, A. M. Elleboudy

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper discusses the causes of damage of a broadcasting transmission station suffered from settlement cracks. The station buildings were low-rise reinforced concrete structures with isolated footings founded on alluvial deposit. Investigations revealed that the main causes of the observed nonuniform settlement were the existence of silt pockets below some footings, and the shrinkage of clayey soils due to dryness of the subsoil after ceasing the cultivation of land and using it as construction site. Rehabilitation scheme included structural repair of the cracked columns, beams and walls, and injection grouting of the foundation soil beneath the settled columns.

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Damages To A Five-Storied Building Founded Over Peat Layer, M. Gryczmański, J. Sekowski Jun 1993

Damages To A Five-Storied Building Founded Over Peat Layer, M. Gryczmański, J. Sekowski

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In the paper is presented a history of the long-term process of deformations and damages to a five-storied apartment building in Gliwice, one located over a thick lens of a young, very weak peat deposit. The evolution of deformations is defined by changes in time of representative foundation movement components (the angular distortion, deflection ratio, etc.). Relationships given and analysed in the paper are based on the results of settlement monitoring preformed since 1970, and failure escalation descriptions make use of crack documentations included in the expert opinions. The case history also comprises not quite efficient attempts of object protection. …

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Dynamic And Static Analysis And In Situ Investigation Of Vibro-Fundex Piles, A. Tejchman, K. Gwizdala Jun 1993

Dynamic And Static Analysis And In Situ Investigation Of Vibro-Fundex Piles, A. Tejchman, K. Gwizdala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Based on dynamic and static formulas and loading tests analysis of bearing capacity of type Vibro-Fundex driven piles is presented. The piles were embedded into noncohesive soils of various origin and degree of compaction. Using this analysis and performed investigations, the lengths of piles designed on the basis of static formulae have been corrected for safety transferring of loads into subsoil.

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Engineering Illustrations Of Correcting Building Inclination By Stress Redistribution Method, Shi-Tao Hou, Xiao-Xue Ding, Zai-Cheng Bai Jun 1993

Engineering Illustrations Of Correcting Building Inclination By Stress Redistribution Method, Shi-Tao Hou, Xiao-Xue Ding, Zai-Cheng Bai

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

By drilling large diameter holes in foundation soil and digging out soils to release (or redistribute) lateral stress in subsoil so as to create new settlement, a new method, which is called stress redistribution method, has been developed for correcting inclined building on soft foundation soil. Using this method, tens buildings with inclination up to 1-2% have been corrected and resumed their normal function in Wuhan, China. Some typical case histories are selected to illustrate the sensitive, controllable, and reliable characteristics of this method. The technical problems encountered in correcting process, such as the induced settlement, its influence on neighbour …

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Evaluation Of Bearing Capacity Of Friction Pile Based On Uncertainty Of Soil Properties, H. Ochiai, K. Matsui, S. Adachi Jun 1993

Evaluation Of Bearing Capacity Of Friction Pile Based On Uncertainty Of Soil Properties, H. Ochiai, K. Matsui, S. Adachi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The authors have proposed a method for evaluation of vertical bearing capacity of bored friction pile which might be capable to reflect the uncertainty of soil properties on the evaluation. The rationality of the method is examined from the application to the bridge design in this paper. A vertical bearing capacity of pile foundation is practically estimated by expressions with N-value, in which there are two kinds of uncertainties which depend on the N-values at the estimation points and the coefficient of the bearing capacity expressions. It is, therefore, necessary to improve the accuracy in estimating the bearing capacity that …

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