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Articles 2341 - 2370 of 4583

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Site Effects On Structure Damage And Surface Ground Motion Characteriscits In Tacna, Peru During Jun 23, 2001 MW 8.4 Earthquake, Jennifer L. Williams, Nien-Yin Chang, Pedro C. Repetto Apr 2004

Site Effects On Structure Damage And Surface Ground Motion Characteriscits In Tacna, Peru During Jun 23, 2001 MW 8.4 Earthquake, Jennifer L. Williams, Nien-Yin Chang, Pedro C. Repetto

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

At a magnitude of Mw 8.4, the June 23, 2001 southern Peru earthquake was the largest earthquake to have occurred anywhere in the world in the last 36 years and the largest in the region in 133 years. Many researchers have postulated the theory of the effect local site conditions can have on surface ground motion and resulting building damage intensities. However, due to the relative infrequency of earthquake occurrences, a limited number of major earthquakes have been evaluated in detail to better quantify the effects of site conditions using case studies. This paper presents the case history of …

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A Comparison Of Wavelet Analysis Of Strong Motion Data Of Kocaeli, Duzce And Pulumur Earthquakes, Turkey, Berrak Teymur, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi Apr 2004

A Comparison Of Wavelet Analysis Of Strong Motion Data Of Kocaeli, Duzce And Pulumur Earthquakes, Turkey, Berrak Teymur, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In recent years there were several earthquakes in Turkey with magnitudes 7.4, 7.2 and 6 in Kocaeli, Duzce and Pulumur respectively. The first two occurred in 1999 causing the most damage both structurally and economically. The last happened in January 2003. These were all on the North Anatolian Fault and the earthquake occurrence was propagating towards east on the fault. Damage due to surface faulting, slope stability, liquefaction occurred during these earthquakes. In this paper the strong motion data acquired from these earthquakes at various locations are inspected using both the commonly used Fast Fourier transform and more recent harmonic …

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The Newtown Creek Water Pollution Control Plant Upgrade Project: A Geotechnical Treatment, Domenic D’Argenzio, Hiren J. Shah, Hugh S. Lacy Apr 2004

The Newtown Creek Water Pollution Control Plant Upgrade Project: A Geotechnical Treatment, Domenic D’Argenzio, Hiren J. Shah, Hugh S. Lacy

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper presents several geotechnical design and construction aspects of the Newtown Creek Water Pollution Control Plant upgrade project in Brooklyn, New York. The plant is located in the Greenpoint section of Brooklyn, adjacent to the south embankment of Newtown Creek. The original plant was constructed in the 1960s and serves portions of Brooklyn, Queens and Manhattan. The Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) of the City of New York is in the process of upgrading the plant to meet current and future treatment requirements. The upgraded plant, which is scheduled for completion by 2013, will be one of the largest …

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Application Of Wavelets In Detection Of Cavities Under Pavements By Surface Waves, Nenad Gucunski, Parisa Shokouhi Apr 2004

Application Of Wavelets In Detection Of Cavities Under Pavements By Surface Waves, Nenad Gucunski, Parisa Shokouhi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A new seismic approach based on wavelet transforms of the surface response is proposed and applied to the problem of detection of shallow cavities under pavements. Seismic wave propagation is simulated by a transient response analysis on an axisymmetric finite element model. Shallow cavities in a homogeneous half-space and a pavement system of a variety of shapes and embedment depths are considered. The formulation of the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is presented and its advantage over the traditional time or spectral analysis based methods is demonstrated through illustrative examples. The response of the medium at different surface points is presented …

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Past Proceedings: 2nd International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering & Soil Dynamics (1991), Multiple Authors Apr 2004

Past Proceedings: 2nd International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering & Soil Dynamics (1991), Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Behavior Of Piles In Liquefiable Soils During Earthquakes: Analysis And Design Issues, W. D. L. Finn, N. Fujita Apr 2004

Behavior Of Piles In Liquefiable Soils During Earthquakes: Analysis And Design Issues, W. D. L. Finn, N. Fujita

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A general picture of the current state of the art and the emerging technology for dealing effectively with the seismic design and analysis of pile foundations in liquefiable soils is presented. Two distinct design cases are considered and illustrated by case histories. One is the static response of pile foundations to the pressures and displacements caused by lateral spreading of liquefied ground. The other is the seismic response of piles to strong shaking accompanied by the development of high pore water pressures or liquefaction. Design for lateral spreading is examined in the context of developments in design practice and the …

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Environmental Geotechnics: Two Case Histories, James K. Mitchell, Richard A. Mitchell Apr 2004

Environmental Geotechnics: Two Case Histories, James K. Mitchell, Richard A. Mitchell

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

About 20 million gallons of liquid hazardous and toxic industrial wastes were disposed at the Hardage Site, about 35 miles southsouthwest of Oklahoma City, from 1972 to 1980. Following Superfund designation of this site by the EPA, identification of a few hundred companies as Potentially Responsible Parties, and a court ordered excavate, incinerate, and re-entomb remedy for its remediation, many of the companies joined to form the Hardage Site Remedy Corporation (HSRC) for implementation of design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the facility. With the aid of a panel comprised of experts in the disciplines relevant to contaminated site remediation, …

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Liquefaction Hazard Mitigation By Prefabricated Vertical Drains, Kyle M. Rollins, R. Robert Goughnour, J. K. S. Anderson, Stacey F. Wade Apr 2004

Liquefaction Hazard Mitigation By Prefabricated Vertical Drains, Kyle M. Rollins, R. Robert Goughnour, J. K. S. Anderson, Stacey F. Wade

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Liquefaction has typically been mitigated by in-situ densification; however vertical composite drains offer the possibility of preventing liquefaction and associated settlement while reducing the cost and time required for treatment. Three case histories are presented which describe the use of vertical drains to mitigate liquefaction hazard and techniques to control the flow of water exiting the drains. In addition, results from a test case are presented where controlled blasting techniques were used to evaluate drain performance in-situ. Blasting was successful in liquefying loose sand in an untreated test site. Similar blast charges were then detonated at adjacent sites treated with …

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Local Geology Of New York City And Its Effect On Seismic Ground Motions, Sissy Nikolaou Apr 2004

Local Geology Of New York City And Its Effect On Seismic Ground Motions, Sissy Nikolaou

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A thorough understanding of the local geologic and tectonic environment, the seismological history as well as very detailed site specific geotechnical and geophysical data are essential to the proper prediction of local site effects and seismic design in New York City (NYC). The site response in the NYC metropolitan area is affected by the widely varying geologic conditions encountered in the five boroughs. Along the spine of Manhattan Island rock extends well above sea level at the northern reaches, and falls to depths in excess of 250 m at the barrier islands at the southern extremities of NYC. Large areas …

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The Failure Of Teton Dam – A New Theory Based On "State Based Soil Mechanics", V. S. Pillai, V. Muhunthan, N. Sasiharan Apr 2004

The Failure Of Teton Dam – A New Theory Based On "State Based Soil Mechanics", V. S. Pillai, V. Muhunthan, N. Sasiharan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Teton Dam failed during its first filling on 5 June 1976. The 405-ft high dam was designed and built using modern standards; therefore its failure received considerable scrutiny from engineering experts. Failure mechanisms suggested, included hydraulic fracture, internal erosion, wet-seam theory, and defects in the abutment rock. None of the investigations, however, were able to explain satisfactorily why the dam breached when the reservoir reached EL.5301.7 ft and only in the vicinity of Sta. 14+00 on the right abutment. The investigation here is focused on this crucial aspect of the failure using the modern framework of fundamental “state based soil …

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Microzonation Studies For Delhi, Jabalpur & Dehradun As Impacted By Bhuj Earthquake, V. K. Mathur Apr 2004

Microzonation Studies For Delhi, Jabalpur & Dehradun As Impacted By Bhuj Earthquake, V. K. Mathur

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

History of earthquakes in our country demonstrate vulnerability to seismic hazards. The recent past, devastating earthquakes in urban areas in India causing heavy economical losses in terms of loss of life, property, disruption of services and damage to environment have been of great concern; the experiences have prompted to carry out in-depth studies and come out with solutions and policies which will go a long way in minimizing the damages caused by seismic ground motions. In this context, microzonation of urban areas have assumed new dimensions. Delhi, the capital city of India has a long seismic history and is being …

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The Leaning Tower Of Pisa Revisited, J. B. Burland Apr 2004

The Leaning Tower Of Pisa Revisited, J. B. Burland

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Stabilisation of the Leaning Tower of Pisa was achieved by means of an innovative method of soil extraction which induced a small reduction in inclination not visible to the casual onlooker. Its implementation has required advanced computer modelling, large-scale development trials, an exceptional level of continuous monitoring and daily communication to maintain control. Recently a number of historical examples have been found of the application of soil extraction to straightening leaning buildings – the earliest being 1832. Contemporary accounts of the work bring out interesting and important similarities and serve as reminders of the inventiveness and resourcefulness of engineers long …

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Centrifuge Modelling Of Dynamic Soil Structure Interaction In Layered And Inhomogeneous Liquefiable Soil, B. Ghosh, S. P. G. Madabhushi Apr 2004

Centrifuge Modelling Of Dynamic Soil Structure Interaction In Layered And Inhomogeneous Liquefiable Soil, B. Ghosh, S. P. G. Madabhushi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In this paper the results of a series of dynamic centrifuge tests are reported. These tests were performed on different types of soil stratifications supporting a nuclear containment structure. Test results indicate that accelerations transmitted to the structure base are dependent on the stiffness degradation of the supporting soil. It is also conclusively shown that even partial liquefaction can be dangerous and the structure can tilt and rotate. Steady build up of excess pore pressure leads to softening of the soil, which decreases the shear modulus and shear strength and subsequently changes the dynamic responses. The characteristic frequency of the …

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Past Proceedings: Fifth International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, New York (2004), Multiple Authors Apr 2004

Past Proceedings: Fifth International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, New York (2004), Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Meet Our Authors And Speakers, Multiple Authors Apr 2004

Meet Our Authors And Speakers, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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The Response Of Driven Single Piles Subjected To Combined Loads, D. T. P. Phillips, B. M. Lehane Apr 2004

The Response Of Driven Single Piles Subjected To Combined Loads, D. T. P. Phillips, B. M. Lehane

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The behaviour of piles subjected to lateral load has generally been investigated experimentally using free-headed piles with a lateral load applied close to the pile head. In practice, however, there is some degree of restraint at the head of many piles and these are often subjected to a combination of lateral and vertical loads. The case history described in this paper involved full-scale field experiments comprising instrumented precast concrete piles subjected to a range of loading conditions including combined lateral and axial loading with partial rotational restraint at the pile head. The pile instrumentation, which included electrolevels and electrical resistance …

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Grouting Technology For Rehabilitation Of Tillar Earthen Dam, Mahavir Bidasaria Apr 2004

Grouting Technology For Rehabilitation Of Tillar Earthen Dam, Mahavir Bidasaria

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Over the last few decades grouting technology has grown into one of the disciplines in geotechnical engineering comprising mainly of foundation treatment of dams and other structures by strengthening or by making them impermeable and has become one of the main tool to rehabilitate the dams structurally. The present case study deals with structural rehabilitation of Tillar earthen dam which was constructed in 1987 but distress signals had started from the first impounding. Highly permeable strata having permeability to the tune of 0.36 x 10-1 cm/sec was existing between the bottom of Cut off Trench (COT) and foundation rock. From …

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Estimation Of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Settlement (Case Studies), Jiaer Wu, Raymond B. Seed Apr 2004

Estimation Of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Settlement (Case Studies), Jiaer Wu, Raymond B. Seed

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Over the past decade, the focus of liquefaction engineering began to shift towards assessment of the consequences of liquefaction with respect to the seismic performance of engineered structures and facilities, which requires accurate and reliable tools for prediction of ground deformations over the small to moderate range. Promising new predictive tools are evolving. These include simplified, empirical tools as well as sophisticated analytical and constitutive models. Recently, a high quality laboratory testing program consisting of undrained, cyclic simple shear testing on fully-saturated samples of Monterey No. 0/30 sand was completed at U.C. Berkeley. As a result, a new semiempirical procedure …

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Soil Improvement With Jet-Grout Columns: A Case Study From The 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake, H. Turan Durgunoglu, Mauro Chinchelli, Selim Ikiz, Canan Emrem, Thomas Hurley, Faith Catalbas Apr 2004

Soil Improvement With Jet-Grout Columns: A Case Study From The 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake, H. Turan Durgunoglu, Mauro Chinchelli, Selim Ikiz, Canan Emrem, Thomas Hurley, Faith Catalbas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Soil improvement methods have been widely used to reduce the potential for liquefaction-related damages in sandy soils and strain-related problems in soft clays. The procedures and techniques used in the design of improved soil have been continuously improved. Filed case history data have always been crucial to refining such techniques and procedures. The 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake (M=7.4) struck northwestern Turkey and caused significant damage in urban and industrial areas along Izmit Bay. The sites were subjected to ground motions ranging from about 0.10g to 0.42g. This paper presents the performance of the Ipekkagit Tissue Factory site in Karamursel at the …

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Landslides In Shale-Derived Glacial Till, Vernon R. Schaefer, Robert A. Lohnes Apr 2004

Landslides In Shale-Derived Glacial Till, Vernon R. Schaefer, Robert A. Lohnes

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An area in south-east Iowa is notorious for landslides in both cut slopes and embankments. Most of the failed slopes have been modified to lower slope angles as attempted remediation; however in many instances the failure reoccurred. The dominant soil in the cuts and used for borrow material is Kansan age glacial till, while the underlying bedrock is Pennsylvanian shale of the Des Moines series. The till contains significant amounts of the underlying bedrock. In an effort to gain insight into the cause of these failures, an embankment with extensive failures in Monroe County was studied. One slide selected for …

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Urban Environmental Vibration Induced By Underground Railway, Lu Li, Yang Xianjian Apr 2004

Urban Environmental Vibration Induced By Underground Railway, Lu Li, Yang Xianjian

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

It is well known that in general the underground railways always cause urban environmental vibration. Therefore, the more the underground railways which were built or under construction, the more serious the environmental vibration is. It is difficult to estimate to what degree the vibration, which was generated in the ground propagation by subway, attenuated with distance. At present, no practical method is available to calculate the ground vibration in current engineering by theory of wave. The effect of geometric damping、elastic wave theory in soil、material damping、equivalent radius of wave source of subway、the frequency of tunnel structure、source, which interacted around the soil …

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Geotechnical Investigations For Design Of Foundations For Erosion And Flood Control Structures At Unwana Beach, Afikpo, Ebonyi State, South-Eastern Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Patrick Omorodion Youdeowei Apr 2004

Geotechnical Investigations For Design Of Foundations For Erosion And Flood Control Structures At Unwana Beach, Afikpo, Ebonyi State, South-Eastern Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Patrick Omorodion Youdeowei

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Erosion occasioned by annual floods along the Cross River at Unwana Beach, Afikpo, situated on latitude 8° 00’ 00’’ North of the Equator and longitude 5° 40’ 15’’ East of the Greenwich Meridian, has threatened the location of a Water Pumping and Treatment Station nearby. Geotechnical investigations carried out using the Shell-and-Auger rig along the shoreline of the Unwana Beach indicated that the subsurface consists of between 3.00 to 8.00 meters of Yellowish brown silty clay layer (CL) underlain by about 3.00 meters of Dark, clayey sands (SC). These are further underlain by between 0.00 – 4.00 meters of Reddish …

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Stabilization Of The Dividing Wall At A Drinking Water Reservoir, Ingo Fox, Burjor Kharivala Apr 2004

Stabilization Of The Dividing Wall At A Drinking Water Reservoir, Ingo Fox, Burjor Kharivala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Reservoir is a component of the water supply system of a major city in the northeastern United States. The reservoir receives water conveyed by aqueducts and pressure tunnels from several watershed reservoirs. It is a balancing reservoir that regulates water flow and maintains the elevation head needed for the water tunnel distribution system to the south of the reservoir, which services the city inhabitants. The reservoir water surface is approximately 90 acres, and is contained by a man-made rim earth embankment, 40 feet in average height. The reservoir, which has an oval shape, is lined with a paneled concrete …

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The Construction Of Stations And Tunnels By Slurry Trecnch, Method In The Madrid Metro Extension, Carlos S. Oteo, Jose Mª Rodríguez Ortiz, Manuel Melis Apr 2004

The Construction Of Stations And Tunnels By Slurry Trecnch, Method In The Madrid Metro Extension, Carlos S. Oteo, Jose Mª Rodríguez Ortiz, Manuel Melis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Recently a new Extension of the Madrid Subway (Spain) is carried out (1995-2003). In 8 years more of 105 Km of tunnels are builded by several procedures: Traditional non-mechanized excavation, precast linings by E.P.B machines, cut and cover system, etc. In this paper the basic criteria adopted for the design of tunnels and stations built with the cut and cover method (reinforced concrete continuous and discontinuous walls) are analysed. Initially, to this purpose the geotechnical properties of the Madrid ground are reached, in order to establish a group of unified desion geotechnical parameters. The hypotheses made for the numerical analysis …

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Piling-Induced Ground Motion: A Case Study Involving Hydrocarbon Exploitation Activities In The Niger Delta, Samuel U. Ejezie Apr 2004

Piling-Induced Ground Motion: A Case Study Involving Hydrocarbon Exploitation Activities In The Niger Delta, Samuel U. Ejezie

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The damage potential of piling-induced vibrations in the humid tropical soils of southeastern Nigeria has been evaluated. The vibration propagation was characterized by a fairly high attenuation coefficient, as evidenced by a rapid decrease of velocity amplitude with distance from source. It was also observed that the bulk of the peak velocity amplitudes measured or calculated fell within the safe limit for structural safety and human tolerance. This therefore implied that the zone of highest damage probability at the case study site did not extend across property line as suspected prior to commencement of piling. In general, the findings and …

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Failure Investigation Of A Fill Slope In Putrajaya, Malaysia, A. N. Hussein, A. H. Mustapha Apr 2004

Failure Investigation Of A Fill Slope In Putrajaya, Malaysia, A. N. Hussein, A. H. Mustapha

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

On 6th of January 2001, a fill slope collapsed in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The failed slope was 25m in height. The failure caused the slope to pushed two reinforced earth walls and the recently completed jetty and boat docking facilities to collapse. The depth of the failure scar was about 2m with a failure length of about 50m. A failure investigation was then carried out to determine the causes of failure. A total of thirteen new boreholes, fifteen Mackintosh probes and three hand augers were carried out to determine the soil profile. A desk study of existing information and records, site …

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Construction Of Diaphragm Wall Support Underground Car Park In Historical Area Of Bangkok, Narong Thasnanipan, Zaw Zaw Aye, Chanchai Submaneewong Apr 2004

Construction Of Diaphragm Wall Support Underground Car Park In Historical Area Of Bangkok, Narong Thasnanipan, Zaw Zaw Aye, Chanchai Submaneewong

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical aspects in construction of diaphragm-wall-support 2 level underground car park building, located in the historically and culturally significant area of Bangkok is presented in this paper. Results of the preliminary analyses showed that the deflection of the thin diaphragm wall of 0.60 m width would be large if it was to be fully cantilevered to fulfill the architectural and utility aspects of the car park structure. It was therefore decided to use buttress to minimize the diaphragm wall deflection. Performance of buttressed-support diaphragm wall is demonstrated based on the inclinometer monitoring results. Intensive modification of construction sequence in actual …

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Railway Tunnelling In Frozen Ground On Bothniabana, S. Saarelainen, L. Korkiala-Tanttu, J. Viitala Apr 2004

Railway Tunnelling In Frozen Ground On Bothniabana, S. Saarelainen, L. Korkiala-Tanttu, J. Viitala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A new railway line was under construction in North-eastern Sweden, along the shoreline of the Gulf of Bothnia. The terrain consisted of Postglacial clay and silt valleys, and ridges of Precambrian bedrock, crossing the railway line. The railway level was about 20m below the ground surface. For the design of freezing, a freezing analysis was carried out to determine the pipeline depths and distances, to estimate the necessary time for freezing and to determine temperatures within the frozen zone. To estimate the deformations, displacements and safety level, a mechanical analysis of the tunnel cross-section was carried out. As input, the …

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Geotechnical Investigation And Rock Characterization For The East Side Access Project’S Manhattan Segment, Subal Sarkar, Amitabha Mukherjee, Aomar Benslimane, Carroll Stewart Apr 2004

Geotechnical Investigation And Rock Characterization For The East Side Access Project’S Manhattan Segment, Subal Sarkar, Amitabha Mukherjee, Aomar Benslimane, Carroll Stewart

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The East Side Access Project to connect the Long Island Railroad to New York’s Grand Central Terminal on the east side of Manhattan will be one of the largest tunneling projects ever undertaken in New York. A series of tunnels and caverns will be excavated in rock to connect the existing 63rd Street tunnels to twin three-level caverns beneath Grand Central Terminal. The site investigation for the Manhattan Segment comprised archive searches, rock exposure mapping, geophysical surveys, test borings in soil and rock, in-situ testing, groundwater monitoring, and laboratory testing of soil, water and rock. Approximately 200 borings have been …

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Effects Of Liquefaction On The Numerical Analysis Of A Single Pile-Soil Interaction During Earthquakes, Fusao Oka, Lu Chih-Wei, Zhang Feng Apr 2004

Effects Of Liquefaction On The Numerical Analysis Of A Single Pile-Soil Interaction During Earthquakes, Fusao Oka, Lu Chih-Wei, Zhang Feng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Dynamic behavior of pile-foundations during earthquakes is important for the performance of many foundations. To clarify the mechanism of the soil-pile interaction, we have conducted a series of numerical analysis of a single pile foundation in the different types of a two-layer ground. Upper layer of the ground is composed of dense sand, reclaimed soils, medium dense sand or loose sand, and the lower layer of the ground is composed of clayey soils. In the liquefaction analysis, we have used a fully coupled effective stress analysis method with the cyclic elasto-plastic and elasto-viscoplastic constitutive models for sandy soils and clays. …

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