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Articles 31 - 60 of 877
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Fabrication Of Piezoelectric Field Effect Transistors For Acoustic Signal Detection, Luke Minks
Fabrication Of Piezoelectric Field Effect Transistors For Acoustic Signal Detection, Luke Minks
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
In this study, a standard bulk FET design is fabricated with a piezoelectric gate, allowing a microwave-frequency voltage signal to be transmitted from a transducer to the transistor via acoustic conduction through the substrate. Using a single polycrystalline aluminum nitride film as the piezoelectric material, microwave-frequency piezoelectric transducers were fabricated in parallel with piezoelectric FETs. These device pairs function by generating high frequency acoustic waves in the substrate via application of AC voltage to the transducers; the transistors then recover these signals by detecting these waves in their gates via the piezoelectric film, reproducing an attenuated version of the original …
Reduced Footprint Probabilistic Inference Networks Using Novel Hybrid She-Mtj/Cmos Based Majority Gate, Harshavardhan Reddy Thummala
Reduced Footprint Probabilistic Inference Networks Using Novel Hybrid She-Mtj/Cmos Based Majority Gate, Harshavardhan Reddy Thummala
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
In recent years, innovations in machine learning using artificial neural networks (ANN) have significantly increased and led to various applications like image recognition, text classification, machine translation, sequence recognition, etc. Earlier, research was focused on software-based DBNs, which are implemented on conventional von-Neumann architectures that provided flexibility but had few limitations. Recent studies have implemented hardware-based designs like FPGA-based, CMOS based, RRAM-based, and MRAM-based designs to overcome these limitations. Hybrid CMOS-MTJ-based RBMs provided significant area and energy improvements compared to other techniques. We herein implemented Spatial and Temporal redundant probabilistic interpolation network to improve the accuracy and provide fault tolerance …
Patterned Liquid Crystal Devices For Near-Eye Displays, Kun Yin
Patterned Liquid Crystal Devices For Near-Eye Displays, Kun Yin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
As a promising next-generation display, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have shown attractive features and attracted broad interests from both academia and industry. Currently, these near-eye displays (NEDs) have enabled numerous applications, ranging from education, medical, entertainment, to engineering, with the help of compact and functional patterned liquid crystal (LC) devices. The interplay between LC patterns and NEDs stimulates the development of novel LC devices with unique surface alignments and volume structures, which in turn feedback to achieve more compact and versatile NEDs. This dissertation will focus on the patterned LC with applications in NEDs. Firstly, we propose …
Volumetric Microfabrication With Structured Light, He Cheng
Volumetric Microfabrication With Structured Light, He Cheng
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Multiphoton polymerization (MPP) as one of the direct laser writing techniques is capable of manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) micro-structures with complex shapes and novel functionalities. However, current MPP methods rely on point-by-point or layer-by-layer scanning and therefore are time-consuming. The low fabrication throughput of conventional MPP is the key factor that limits its wider adoption for industrial manufacturing over large surface area. One way to increase the fabrication speed is to turn layer-by-layer process into a volumetric process. An ideal volumetric printing method can fabricate structures with complex 3D geometry by single exposure and should be easy to implement. As a …
Power Inductors: Design, Modeling And Analysis, Subash Pokharel
Power Inductors: Design, Modeling And Analysis, Subash Pokharel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Power inductors, or reactors as they are called in the power industry, are one of the fundamental components of a power system. They serve various purposes in both conventional and emerging power systems including: power flow control, fault current limitation, reactive power compensation, harmonic filtering, and others. This dissertation explores the design and applications of conventional power inductors and ways to overcome their shortcomings and expand their functionalities. In addition, novel inductor designs are proposed and analyzed to address power system challenges. A series of inductors, including traditional constant reactance inductor, gapless ferromagnetic core reactor (GFCR) (both costant and variable …
Intrinsically Mode Reconfigurable Load Modulation Balanced Amplifier Leveraging Transistor's Analog-Digital Duality, Niteesh Bharadwaj Vangipurapu
Intrinsically Mode Reconfigurable Load Modulation Balanced Amplifier Leveraging Transistor's Analog-Digital Duality, Niteesh Bharadwaj Vangipurapu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The communication schemes have rapidly changed the face of the human means of communication. The evolution from one generation to another has triggered many challenges on the design methodologies of RF designers. As the evolution ensued, the spectrally efficient modulation schemes have resulted in the substantial rise of PAPR, the peak-to-average power ratio. To enable the efficient amplification of the high PAPR signals, this thesis explores the areas of Load modulated Balanced amplifiers that can be inherently reconfigured to achieve a better efficiency than the conventional RF power amplifiers that see a significant drop in the efficiency as the signal …
Diffractive Liquid Crystal Optical Elements For Near-Eye Displays, Jianghao Xiong
Diffractive Liquid Crystal Optical Elements For Near-Eye Displays, Jianghao Xiong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Liquid crystal planar optics (LCPO) with versatile functionalities is emerging as a promising candidate for overcoming various challenges in near-eye displays, like augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), while maintaining a small form factor. This type of novel optical element exhibits unique properties, such as high efficiency, large angular/spectral bandwidths, polarization selectivity, and dynamic modulation. The basic molecular configuration of these novel reflective LCPO is analyzed, based on the simulation of molecular dynamics. In contrast to previously assumed planar-twist structure, our analysis predicts a slanted helix structure, which agrees with the measured results. The optical simulation model is established …
Mos2 Based Memristive Synapses For Neuromorphic Computing, Adithi Pandrahal Krishnaprasad Sharada
Mos2 Based Memristive Synapses For Neuromorphic Computing, Adithi Pandrahal Krishnaprasad Sharada
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Brain inspired computing enabled by memristors have gained prominence over the years due to its nano-scale footprint, reduced complexity for implementing synapses and neurons. Several demonstrations show two-dimensional (2D) materials as a promising platform for realization of robust and energy-efficient memristive synapses. Ideally, a synapse should exhibit low cycle-to-cycle (C-C) and device-to-device (D-D) variability along with high maximum /minimum conductance (Gmax/Gmin) ratio, linearity and symmetry in weight update for obtaining high learning accuracy in neural networks (NNs). However, the demonstration of neuromorphic circuits using conventional materials systems has been limited by high C-C and D-D variability and non-linearity in the …
Studies On Copper Indium Based Oxide Transparent Semiconducting Thin Films., Giji Skaria
Studies On Copper Indium Based Oxide Transparent Semiconducting Thin Films., Giji Skaria
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs) have unique optoelectronic properties which allow visible light to pass through while having reasonably high electrical conductivity. TCOs find a variety of applications ranging from uses in solar cells, optical displays, reflective coatings, light emission devices, low-emissivity windows, electrochromic mirrors, UV sensors, and windows, defrosting windows, electromagnetic shielding, and transparent electronics. The conductivity of TCOs can be tuned from insulating via semiconducting to conducting as well as their transparency adjusted depending on the donor/acceptor levels as well as the bandgap of the material. This enables the realization of both n-type and p-type TCOs which make them …
Space-Time Photonics, Abbas Shiri
Space-Time Photonics, Abbas Shiri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Many of the features of photonic devices, including some of the most ubiquitous components such as resonators and waveguides, are usually thought to be intrinsically dependent on their geometry and constitutive materials. As such, the behaviour of an optical field interacting with such devices is dictated by the boundary conditions imposed upon the field. For instance, the resonant wavelengths and linewidths of a planar cavity are expected to be set by the mirrors' reflectivity, cavity length, and refractive index. Henceforth, satisfying a longitudinal phase-matching condition allows for incident light to resonate with the cavity. As another example, consider the planar …
Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed
Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Grasping is an essential skill for almost every assistive robot. Variations in shape and/or weight of different objects involved in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) lead to complications, especially, when the robot is trying to grip novel objects for which it has no prior information –too much force will deform or crush the object while too little force will lead to slipping and possibly dropped objects. Thus, successful grasping requires the gripper to immobilize an object with the minimal force. In Chapter 2, we present the design, analysis, and experimental implementation of an adaptive control to facilitate 1-click grasping of …
Distributed And Optimal State Estimation For Heterogeneous Dynamic Systems Operating Within A Strongly Connected Network, Matthew Howard
Distributed And Optimal State Estimation For Heterogeneous Dynamic Systems Operating Within A Strongly Connected Network, Matthew Howard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This dissertation is aimed at developing optimal and distributed state estimation algorithms for a team of cooperating nodes with the goal of improving accuracy through local sharing of relevant information. The nodes are assumed to be individually equipped with heterogeneous sensors for measuring a common target which can be dynamic and time-varying. Additionally, the nodes are assumed to be connected through a dynamically changing communication network modeled as a sequence of strongly connected digraphs allowing for local communication and distributed interactions. Using the data sharing afforded by the communication network, a weighted average state estimate consensus can be found across …
Directional Spectral Solar Energy For Building Performance: From Simulation To Cyber-Physical Prototype, Joseph Del Rocco
Directional Spectral Solar Energy For Building Performance: From Simulation To Cyber-Physical Prototype, Joseph Del Rocco
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The original research and development in this dissertation contributes to the field of building performance by actively harnessing a wider spectrum of directional solar radiation for use in buildings. Solar radiation (energy) is often grouped by wavelength measurement into the spectra ultraviolet (UV), visible (light), and short and long-wave infrared (heat) on the electromagnetic spectrum. While some of this energy is directly absorbed or deflected by our atmosphere, most of it passes through, scatters about, and collides with our planet. Modern building performance simulations, tools, and control systems often oversimplify this energy into scalar values for light and heat, when …
Spectral Dependence Of Deep Subwavelength Metallic Apertures In The Mid-Wave Infrared, Heath Gemar
Spectral Dependence Of Deep Subwavelength Metallic Apertures In The Mid-Wave Infrared, Heath Gemar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
For two decades, extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) has amplified exploration into subwavelength systems. Researchers have previously suggested exploiting the spectrally selective electromagnetic field confinement of subwavelength cavities for multispectral detectors. Utilizing the finite-difference frequency domain (FDFD) method, we examine electromagnetic field confinement in both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional scenarios from 2.5 to 6 microns (i.e., mid-wave infrared or MWIR). We explore the trade space of deep subwavelength cavities and its impact on resonant enhancement of the electromagnetic field. The studies provide fundamental understanding of the coupling mechanisms allowing for prediction of resonant spectral behavior based on cavity geometry and material properties. …
Acoustoelectric Amplification In Piezoelectric-Silicon Micromachined Lamb Wave Devices, Hakhamanesh Mansoorzare
Acoustoelectric Amplification In Piezoelectric-Silicon Micromachined Lamb Wave Devices, Hakhamanesh Mansoorzare
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
In this dissertation, heterostructured micro-acoustic devices are explored that leverage the interactions between acoustic phonons and electrons to enable radio frequency (RF) signal amplification or attenuation. Thin films of piezoelectric and semiconductor material are tailored into a heterostructure that allows for a strong acoustoelectric (AE) effect due to the combination of high electromechanical coupling and high electron drift velocity in said films respectively. In such devices, the relative electron drift and acoustic velocities could determine whether the RF signal undergoes AE gain or loss, rendering the device non-reciprocal. This is a highly sought-after property for building isolators and circulators which …
Design Of Miniaturized Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas And A Microwave Head Imaging System For The Detection Of Blood Clots In The Brain, Farhana Parveen
Design Of Miniaturized Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas And A Microwave Head Imaging System For The Detection Of Blood Clots In The Brain, Farhana Parveen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Traditional brain imaging modalities, for example, MRI, CT scan, X-ray, etc. can provide precise and high-resolution images of the brain for diagnosing lesions, tumors or clots inside the brain. However, these modalities require bulky and expensive test setups accessible only at specialized diagnostic centers, and hence may not be suitable or affordable to many patients. Furthermore, the inherent health risks limit the usability of these modalities for frequent monitoring. Microwave imaging is deemed a promising alternative due to its being cost-effective, portable, non-ionizing, non-intrusive. Therefore, this work aims to design an effective microwave head imaging system for the detection of …
Study Of Mos2/High-K Interface And Implementation Of Mos2 Based Memristor For Neuromorphic Computing Applications, Durjoy Dev
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The scientific world is witnessing an unprecedented triumph of artificial neural network (ANN)- a computing system inspired by the biological neural network. With the enthralling quest for Internet of Everything (IoE), it is expected to have an unparalleled dominance of ANN in our day-to-day life. In recent times, memristor has come as an emerging candidate to realize ANN through emulating biological synapse and neuron behavior. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), one well-known two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), has drawn interest for high speed, flexible, low power electronic devices since it has a tunable bandgap, reasonable carrier mobility, high Young's modulus, and …
Development Of Rf-Mems Based Passive Wireless Respiratory Monitoring Systems, Sina Moradian
Development Of Rf-Mems Based Passive Wireless Respiratory Monitoring Systems, Sina Moradian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This dissertation explores the application of high frequency, low loss, high quality factor thin-film piezoelectric MEMS resonators as passive wireless respiratory monitoring sensors. In this work we build on advances in RF MEMS technology and wearables to develop a respiratory monitoring system capable of measuring respiration without any on-board circuitry and battery First, a wireless MEMS-based respiration sensor that operates without a battery or any on-board circuitry is presented. The sensing system is made up two major components, the wireless sensor and a base transceiver and computational unit. The sensor is only made of up of two RF-MEMS resonators and …
Robust And Scalable Data Representation And Analysis Leveraging Isometric Transformations And Sparsity, Alireza Zaeemzadeh
Robust And Scalable Data Representation And Analysis Leveraging Isometric Transformations And Sparsity, Alireza Zaeemzadeh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The main focus of this doctoral thesis is to study the problem of robust and scalable data representation and analysis. The success of any machine learning and signal processing framework relies on how the data is represented and analyzed. Thus, in this work, we focus on three closely related problems: (i) supervised representation learning, (ii) unsupervised representation learning, and (iii) fault tolerant data analysis. For the first task, we put forward new theoretical results on why a certain family of neural networks can become extremely deep and how we can improve this scalability property in a mathematically sound manner. We …
Novel Liquid Crystal Photonic Devices Enabled By Liquid Crystal Alignment Engineering, Ziqian He
Novel Liquid Crystal Photonic Devices Enabled By Liquid Crystal Alignment Engineering, Ziqian He
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Liquid crystals (LCs) are self-assembled soft materials composed of certain anisotropic molecules with orientational orders. Their widespread applications include information displays and photonic devices, such as spatial light modulators for laser beam steering and tunable-focus lens, where achieving desired LC alignment is pivotal. In general, LC alignment is influenced by several factors, including chemical bonding, dipolar interactions, van der Waals interactions, surface topographies, and steric factors. Here, we focus on three alignment techniques for aligning rod-like LC molecules and highlights the photonic devices enabled by these techniques: 1) Two-photon polymerization direct-laser writing-induced alignment, 2) Weigert effect-based reversible photoalignment, and 3) …
Development Of Quantitative Intensity-Based Single-Molecule Assays, Benjamin Croop
Development Of Quantitative Intensity-Based Single-Molecule Assays, Benjamin Croop
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Fluorescence microscopy has emerged as a popular and powerful tool within biology research, owing to its exceptional signal contrast, specificity, and the versatility of the various microscope designs. Fluorescence microscopy has been used to study samples across orders of magnitude in physical scale ranging from tissues to cells, down to single-molecules, and as such has led to breakthroughs and new knowledge in a wide variety of research areas. In particular, single-molecule techniques are somewhat unique in their ability to study biomolecules in their native state, which enables the visualization of short-lived interactions and rare events which can be highly relevant …
Directional Link Management Using In-Band Full-Duplex Free Space Optical Transceivers For Aerial Nodes, A F M Saniul Haq
Directional Link Management Using In-Band Full-Duplex Free Space Optical Transceivers For Aerial Nodes, A F M Saniul Haq
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Free-space optical (FSO) communication has become very popular for wireless applications to complement and, in some cases, replace legacy radio-frequency for advantages like unlicensed band, spatial reuse, and enhanced security. Even though FSO can achieve very high bit-rate (tens of Gbps), range limitation due to high attenuation and weather dependency has always restricted its practical implementation to indoor application like data centers and outdoor application like Project Loon. Building-to-building communication, smart cars, and airborne drones are potential futuristic wireless communication sectors for mobile ad-hoc FSO networking. Increasing social media usage demands high-speed mobile connectivity for applications like video call and …
Secure And Trustworthy Hardware And Machine Learning Systems For Internet Of Things, Shayan Taheri
Secure And Trustworthy Hardware And Machine Learning Systems For Internet Of Things, Shayan Taheri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The advancements on the Internet have enabled connecting more devices into this technology every day. This great connectivity has led to the introduction of the internet of things (IoTs) that is a great bed for engagement of all new technologies for computing devices and systems. Nowadays, the IoT devices and systems have applications in many sensitive areas including military systems. These challenges target hardware and software elements of IoT devices and systems. Integration of hardware and software elements leads to hardware systems and software systems in the IoT platforms, respectively. A recent trend for the hardware systems is making them …
Representative-Based Big Data Processing In Communications And Machine Learning, Mohsen Joneidi
Representative-Based Big Data Processing In Communications And Machine Learning, Mohsen Joneidi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The present doctoral dissertation focuses on representative-based processing proper for a big set of high-dimensional data. Compression and subset selection are considered as two main effective methods for representing a big set of data by a much smaller set of variables. Compressive sensing, matrix singular value decomposition, and tensor decomposition are employed as powerful mathematical tools to analyze the original data in terms of their representatives. Spectrum sensing is an important application of the developed theoretical analysis. In a cognitive radio network (CRN), primary users (PUs) coexist with secondary users (SUs). However, the secondary network aims to characterize PUs in …
Data-Driven Analysis For Integrated Transmission And Distribution Systems With High Penetration Of Distributed Energy Resources, Inalvis Alvarez-Fernandez
Data-Driven Analysis For Integrated Transmission And Distribution Systems With High Penetration Of Distributed Energy Resources, Inalvis Alvarez-Fernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
With the high penetration of inverter-based distributed energy resources (DERs), network situational awareness is a challenge for both transmission and distribution (T&D) system operators and planners. It is becoming increasingly important to equip transmission planners with the visibility of DER dynamic performance in distribution systems. Not having visibility of the disconnection of DERs with the occurrence of transmission events, could result in an erroneous view of the stability of bulk power system. The aggregated distributed energy resource (DER_A) model is able to model the aggregated dynamic response of inverter-based DERs in distribution circuits. The parameterization of DER_A model requires extensive …
Switchable Slot-Ring Antennas For Customizable Phased Array Applications, Junyi Huang
Switchable Slot-Ring Antennas For Customizable Phased Array Applications, Junyi Huang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Switchable-band shared-aperture slot-ring antennas with wide bandwidth and polarization agility are explored in this article for phased array applications. A common antenna aperture can be reconfigured between S-band and C-band arrays using PIN diode switches. A new arraying technique is implemented herein to achieve reconfigurable polarization states. Within each array element, only one port is needed to realize reconfigurable polarization states by providing appropriate phases to each port. Compared with the state of the art, this arrangement can reduce the number of ports of a large phased array by half, therefore significantly reduce the cost and complexity, eliminate the isolation …
Parameter Calibration And Optimization In Smart Grid For Synchronous Generators And Converters, Seyyed Rashid Khazeiynasab
Parameter Calibration And Optimization In Smart Grid For Synchronous Generators And Converters, Seyyed Rashid Khazeiynasab
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
In power systems, monitoring, protection, and control are usually model based; an accurate dynamic model for either synchronous generators or power electronic converters is essential. Besides, renewable energies, smart loads, energy storage, and new market behavior add new sources of uncertainty to power systems. Therefore, planning in real-time and developing high-quality models is crucial to adapt to uncertainties. In this thesis, we propose a framework for validating and calibrating power system models using novel methods. At the first step, we developed the nonlinear sensitivity-based method to find the critical parameters. Then, we propose an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) based method …
Distributed Service Restoration In Active Distribution Networks, Nejad Reza Roofegari
Distributed Service Restoration In Active Distribution Networks, Nejad Reza Roofegari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Despite tremendous efforts on increasing power system reliability, outages and blackouts are inevitable. These losses can be greatly reduced by fast and reliable restoration mechanisms. Largescale distribution networks and increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) make restoration one of the most challenging problems in power systems. The prevailing centralized restoration scheme is costly, limited by information privacy of entities, unreliable due to dependence on central units, and might suffer from single-point failures. In this dissertation, a fully distributed restoration framework based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is proposed to address these challenges. Accordingly, the restoration problem …
Multi-Functional Fluorescence Microscopy Via Psf Engineering For High-Throughput Super-Resolution Imaging, Jinhan Ren
Multi-Functional Fluorescence Microscopy Via Psf Engineering For High-Throughput Super-Resolution Imaging, Jinhan Ren
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Image-based single cell analysis is essential to study gene expression levels and subcellular functions with preserving the native spatial locations of biomolecules. However, its low throughput has prevented its wide use to fundamental biology and biomedical applications which require large cellular populations in a rapid and efficient fashion. Here, we report a 2.5D microcopy (2.5DM) that significantly improves the image acquisition rate while maintaining high-resolution and single molecule sensitivity. Unlike serial z-scanning in conventional approaches, volumetric information is simultaneously projected onto a 2D image plane in a single shot by engineering the fluorescence light using a novel phase pattern. The …
Reliability And Failure Analysis Of Gan-On-Si Power Devices, Wen Yang
Reliability And Failure Analysis Of Gan-On-Si Power Devices, Wen Yang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Wide bandgap power semiconductor devices, especially Gallium Nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), have gained a lot of attention for high power applications due to their low on-resistance and high switching speed compared to their silicon counterparts. However, the reliability and failure issues related to dynamic performance, gate reliability, and electrostatic discharge have limited the wide applications of GaN power devices. This dissertation presents a systematic study of reliability and failure analysis of GaN-on-Si power devices. Firstly, the correlation between the physical trap mechanisms and the dynamic on-resistance (Ron) degradation has been investigated using a multi-frequency C-V measurement during …