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Electrical and Computer Engineering

Missouri University of Science and Technology

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Articles 31 - 60 of 3014

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Electromagnetic-Circuital-Thermal-Mechanical Multiphysics Numerical Simulation Method For Microwave Circuits, Huan Huan Zhang, Zheng Lang Jia, Peng Fei Zhang, Ying Liu, Li Jun Jiang, Da Zhi Ding Jan 2024

Electromagnetic-Circuital-Thermal-Mechanical Multiphysics Numerical Simulation Method For Microwave Circuits, Huan Huan Zhang, Zheng Lang Jia, Peng Fei Zhang, Ying Liu, Li Jun Jiang, Da Zhi Ding

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An electromagnetic-circuital-thermal-mechanical Multiphysics numerical method is proposed for the simulation of microwave circuits. The discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method is adopted for electromagnetic simulation. The time-domain finite element method (FEM) is utilized for thermal simulation. The circuit equation is applied for circuit simulation. The mechanical simulation is also carried out by FEM method. A flexible and unified Multiphysics field coupling mechanism is constructed to cover various electromagnetic, circuital, thermal and mechanical Multiphysics coupling scenarios. Finally, three numerical examples emulating outer space environment, intense electromagnetic pulse (EMP) injection and high-power microwave (HPM) illumination are utilized to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and …

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Multimode Fiber-Based Interferometric Sensors With Microwave Photonics, Chen Zhu, Shuaifei Tian, Lingmei Ma, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Multimode Fiber-Based Interferometric Sensors With Microwave Photonics, Chen Zhu, Shuaifei Tian, Lingmei Ma, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Interferometry is one of the most widely used investigative techniques in various fields. With the implementation of interferometry on optical fibers, fiber optic interferometers (FOIs) have gained tremendous growth and advancement in the past four decades and have been explored for measurements of a diverse array of physical, chemical, and biological parameters. FOIs are typically constructed using single-mode fibers (SMFs) and are interrogated in the optical domain using probing light with a tightly controlled state of polarization (SOP), to ensure high-quality interference signals that facilitate sensing applications. The stringent requirement on the single-mode operation, as well as SOP, has hindered …

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Time-Resolved Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: Dual Sparse Sampling In Time And Space, Yanming Zhang, Peifeng Ma, Lijun Jiang, Steven Gao Jan 2024

Time-Resolved Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: Dual Sparse Sampling In Time And Space, Yanming Zhang, Peifeng Ma, Lijun Jiang, Steven Gao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Time-resolved electromagnetic near-field scanning plays a pivotal role in antenna measurement and unraveling complex electromagnetic interference and compatibility issues. However, the rapid acquisition of high-resolution spatio–temporal data remains challenging due to physical constraints, such as moving the probe position and allowing sufficient time for sampling. This article presents a novel hybrid approach combining kriging for sparse spatial measurement, compressed sensing (cs) for sparse temporal sampling, and dynamic mode decomposition (dmd) for comprehensive analysis of the dual-sparse sampling electromagnetic near-field data. We leverage cs to optimize sparse sampling in the time domain and latin hypercube sampling to guide the probe position …

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A Robust Demand Regulation Strategy For Ders In A Single-Controllable Active Distribution Network, Shah Fahad, Arman Goudarzi, Rui Bo, Muhammad Waseem, Rashid Al-Ammari, Atif Iqbal Jan 2024

A Robust Demand Regulation Strategy For Ders In A Single-Controllable Active Distribution Network, Shah Fahad, Arman Goudarzi, Rui Bo, Muhammad Waseem, Rashid Al-Ammari, Atif Iqbal

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Over the past decade, pq regulation schemes for a single-controllable active distribution network (adn) using coordination among a network of virtual synchronous generators (vsgs) have been proposed. However, considering the variable nature of intermittent renewable energy sources (iress), coupling a cluster of iress with the point of common coupling (pcc) of adn could inflict transient issues for the power management of the whole adn. To counter these challenges, the proposed study has three main objectives: 1) to propose a modified mathematical model that represents the apparent resistance-reactance at the pcc of adn in relation to the pq coordination among the …

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Segmented Fiber Optic Sensors Based On Hybrid Microwave-Photonic Interrogation, Wassana Naku, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu Jan 2024

Segmented Fiber Optic Sensors Based On Hybrid Microwave-Photonic Interrogation, Wassana Naku, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel concept of segmented fiber optic sensors by integrating the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) reflector modality and a hybrid interrogation technique enabled by microwave photonics. As a proof of concept, a radiofrequency Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) based on an optical fiber with two FBGs as the two reflectors of the Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity is constructed. By measuring the frequency response of the FPI device followed by a joint-time-frequency-domain analysis, the interferogram of the FPI in the microwave domain and the time-domain signal of the FBGs can be unambiguously reconstructed. Thus, the two elements …

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Adaptive Resilient Control For A Class Of Nonlinear Distributed Parameter Systems With Actuator Faults, Hasan Ferdowsi, Jia Cai, Sarangapani Jagannathan Jan 2024

Adaptive Resilient Control For A Class Of Nonlinear Distributed Parameter Systems With Actuator Faults, Hasan Ferdowsi, Jia Cai, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a new model-based fault resilient control scheme for a class of nonlinear distributed parameter systems (DPS) represented by parabolic partial differential equations (PDE) in the presence of actuator faults. A Luenberger-like observer on the basis of nonlinear PDE representation of DPS is developed with boundary measurements. A detection residual is generated by taking the difference between the measured output of the DPS and the estimated one given by the observer. Once a fault is detected, an unknown actuator fault parameter vector together with a known basis function is utilized to adaptively estimate the fault dynamics. A novel …

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Modified Thermographic Signal-To-Noise Ratio For Active Microwave Thermography, Logan M. Wilcox, Kristen M. Donnell Jan 2024

Modified Thermographic Signal-To-Noise Ratio For Active Microwave Thermography, Logan M. Wilcox, Kristen M. Donnell

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Active microwave thermography (AMT) is an active thermographic nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) technique that utilizes an active electromagnetic-based excitation. This excitation is achieved through a radiating antenna and is spatially nonuniform in nature. As such, the electromagnetically-induced heat is also spatially nonuniform, as it is directly related to the radiated power density incident on the specimen under test (SUT). After excitation, infrared measurements on the surface of the SUT are completed using an infrared camera. Common post processing techniques including thermal contrast (TC) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are often applied to these measured results. As these post processing techniques …

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Ultra-Fast Annealing Improves Snr And Long-Term Stability Of A Highly Multiplexed Line-By-Line Fbg Array Inscribed By Femtosecond Laser In A Coreless Fiber For Extreme-Temperature Applications, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Ultra-Fast Annealing Improves Snr And Long-Term Stability Of A Highly Multiplexed Line-By-Line Fbg Array Inscribed By Femtosecond Laser In A Coreless Fiber For Extreme-Temperature Applications, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study reports the fabrication of an 4th-order line-by-line Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) array using femtosecond laser inscription within a highly multimode coreless optical fiber, with a particular focus on achieving substantial multiplexing capabilities. An ultra-fast annealing procedure is employed, resulting in an impressive enhancement of the FBG sensor's fringe visibility by approximately 13 dB, signifying a notable improvement of approximately ~4 dB. This substantial enhancement contributes to the long-term stability and performance of the multiplexed FBG array in extreme temperature conditions. The systematic fabrication approach employed for the multiplexed FBG array guarantees a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each …

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Multiple Imputation For Robust Cluster Analysis To Address Missingness In Medical Data, Arnold Harder, Gayla R. Olbricht, Godwin Ekuma, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi Jan 2024

Multiple Imputation For Robust Cluster Analysis To Address Missingness In Medical Data, Arnold Harder, Gayla R. Olbricht, Godwin Ekuma, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cluster Analysis Has Been Applied To A Wide Range Of Problems As An Exploratory Tool To Enhance Knowledge Discovery. Clustering Aids Disease Subtyping, I.e. Identifying Homogeneous Patient Subgroups, In Medical Data. Missing Data Is A Common Problem In Medical Research And Could Bias Clustering Results If Not Properly Handled. Yet, Multiple Imputation Has Been Under-Utilized To Address Missingness, When Clustering Medical Data. Its Limited Integration In Clustering Of Medical Data, Despite The Known Advantages And Benefits Of Multiple Imputation, Could Be Attributed To Many Factors. This Includes Methodological Complexity, Difficulties In Pooling Results To Obtain A Consensus Clustering, Uncertainty Regarding …

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Electromagnetic-Thermal Co-Design Of Base Station Antennas With All-Metal Ebg Structures, Huan Huan Zhang, Jun Bo Chao, Yi Wei Wang, Ying Liu, Yun Xue Xu, Heming Yao, Lijun Jiang, Xiang Hua Li Dec 2023

Electromagnetic-Thermal Co-Design Of Base Station Antennas With All-Metal Ebg Structures, Huan Huan Zhang, Jun Bo Chao, Yi Wei Wang, Ying Liu, Yun Xue Xu, Heming Yao, Lijun Jiang, Xiang Hua Li

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In order to improve the heat dissipation capability of the 5G base station, the electromagnetic and thermal performances of a base station antenna array are co-designed by adopting all-metal electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures. The geometrical dimension of the EBG structure is determined through balancing the electromagnetic and thermal performances of the antenna array. The operating frequency band (voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 1.5) of the proposed antenna array can cover 3.4-3.8 GHz. Its realized gains, isolation, cross-polarized discrimination ratio, and half-power beamwidth are satisfactory compared with other state-of-the-art base station antennas. Most importantly, more than 9 C temperature reduction can be observed when comparing the heat dissipation capability of the proposed antenna array with the reference antenna array.

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Data-Driven Scheme For Joint Estimation Of Direction-Of-Arrival And Frequency With Uniform Linear Array, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang, Hsi Tseng Chou Dec 2023

Data-Driven Scheme For Joint Estimation Of Direction-Of-Arrival And Frequency With Uniform Linear Array, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang, Hsi Tseng Chou

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article presents a two-step dynamic mode decomposition (TSDMD) approach to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) and frequency for multiple narrow-band sources with single uniform linear array (ULA). The proposed algorithm first decomposes the receiving spatial-temporal data into temporal dynamic modes and corresponding spatial spectrum that yields the DOA information. Then the decomposed temporal dynamic modes are analyzed via the augmented DMD to retrieve the frequency information. The estimated DOAs and frequencies are automatically paired without the extra computational cost with such a temporal-spectral correlated decomposition scheme. Also, the obtained spatial spectrum distribution implies the actual number of the …

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Space-Time-Frequency Characterization In Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: A Data-Driven Approach, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang Dec 2023

Space-Time-Frequency Characterization In Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: A Data-Driven Approach, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Near-field scanning has become a widely used tool for diagnosing electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference issues. However, the transient signal of the device under test often contains multiple frequency bands and exhibits nonstationarity, which poses a challenge for near-field scanning analysis. To address this issue, this article presents a method for analyzing time-resolved near-field radiation based on multiresolution dynamic mode decomposition (MRDMD). The MRDMD approach recursively and hierarchically applies the traditional dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method. The distribution of DMD eigenvalues determines the slow and fast modes in each level's decomposition, where the slow modes are preserved, and the fast …

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Modeling Hydration Kinetics Of Sustainable Cementitious Binders Using An Advanced Nucleation And Growth Approach, Taihao Han, Jie Huang, Gaurav Sant, Narayanan Neithalath, Ashutosh Goel, Aditya Kumar Nov 2023

Modeling Hydration Kinetics Of Sustainable Cementitious Binders Using An Advanced Nucleation And Growth Approach, Taihao Han, Jie Huang, Gaurav Sant, Narayanan Neithalath, Ashutosh Goel, Aditya Kumar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are utilized to partially substitute Portland cement (PC) in binders, reducing carbon-footprint and maintaining excellent performance. Nonetheless, predicting the hydration kinetics of [PC + SCM] binders is challenging for current analytical models due to the extensive diversity of chemical compositions and molecular structures present in both SCMs and PC. This study develops an advanced phase boundary nucleation and growth (pBNG) model to yield a priori predictions of hydration kinetics—i.e., time-resolved exothermic heat release profiles—of [PC + SCM] binders. The advanced pBNG model integrates artificial intelligence as an add-on, enabling it to accurately simulate hydration kinetics for …

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Boosting Snr Of Cascaded Fbgs In A Sapphire Fiber Through A Rapid Heat Treatment, Farhan Mumtaz, Hanok Tekle, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang Nov 2023

Boosting Snr Of Cascaded Fbgs In A Sapphire Fiber Through A Rapid Heat Treatment, Farhan Mumtaz, Hanok Tekle, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Letter reports the performance of femtosecond (fs) laser-written distributed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) under high-temperature conditions up to 1600°C and explores the impact of rapid heat treatment on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement. FBGs are essential for reliable optical sensing in extreme temperature environments. Comprehensive tests demonstrate the remarkable performance and resilience of FBGs at temperatures up to 1600°C, confirming their suitability for deployment in such conditions. The study also reveals significant fringe visibility improvements of up to ∼10 dB on a 1-m-long sapphire optical fiber through rapid heat treatment, representing a first-time achievement to the best of our knowledge. …

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On The Prediction Of The Mechanical Properties Of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement: A Random Forest Approach Tailored To Cement Chemistry, Taihao Han, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar Oct 2023

On The Prediction Of The Mechanical Properties Of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement: A Random Forest Approach Tailored To Cement Chemistry, Taihao Han, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement, capable of reducing the binder's carbon footprint by 40% while satisfying all key performance metrics. The inherent compositional heterogeneity in select components of LC3, combined with their convoluted chemical interactions, poses challenges to conventional analytical models when predicting mechanical properties. Although some studies have employed machine learning (ML) to predict the mechanical properties of LC3, many have overlooked the pivotal role of feature selection. Proper feature selection not only refines and simplifies the structure of ML models but also enhances these models' prediction performance and interpretability. This …

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In Situ Monitoring Of The Hydration Of Calcium Silicate Minerals In Cement With A Remote Fiber-Optic Raman Probe, Bohong Zhang, Wenyu Liao, Hongyan Ma, Jie Huang Sep 2023

In Situ Monitoring Of The Hydration Of Calcium Silicate Minerals In Cement With A Remote Fiber-Optic Raman Probe, Bohong Zhang, Wenyu Liao, Hongyan Ma, Jie Huang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study utilized a novel in situ fiber-optic Raman probe to continuously monitor the hydration progress of tricalcium silicate (C3S) and dicalcium silicate (C2S) without the need for sampling, from early hydration stage to later stages, and from fresh to hardened states of paste samples. By virtue of the remarkable ability of this technique in characterizing either dry or wet and crystalline or amorphous samples, the hydration processes of C3S and C2S pastes with different water-to-solid (w/s) ratios could be monitored from the start of the hydration reaction. The main hydration products, …

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Fs-Laser Fabricated Miniature Fabry–Perot Interferometer In A No-Core Fiber For High-Temperature Applications †, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang Sep 2023

Fs-Laser Fabricated Miniature Fabry–Perot Interferometer In A No-Core Fiber For High-Temperature Applications †, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Paper Reports a Fiber In-Line Fabry–Perot Interferometer (FPI) Fabricated in a No-Core Fiber using the Direct Femtosecond Laser Writing Technique for High-Temperature Sensing Applications. Two In-Line Reflectors Are Directly Inscribed in a No-Core Fiber to Construct a Low-Finesse FPI. Fringe Visibility Greater Than 10 DB is Obtained from the Reflection Spectra of the Fabricated No-Core Fiber FPIs. Temperature Responses of a Prototype No-Core Fiber FPI Are Characterized Up to 1000 °C. the Proposed Configuration is Compact and Easy to Fabricate, Making It Attractive for Sensing Applications in High-Temperature Harsh Environments.

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Multifunctional Organic Monolayer-Based Coatings For Implantable Biosensors And Bioelectronic Devices: Review And Perspectives, Taral Patel, Jie Huang, Katarzyna Krukiewicz Sep 2023

Multifunctional Organic Monolayer-Based Coatings For Implantable Biosensors And Bioelectronic Devices: Review And Perspectives, Taral Patel, Jie Huang, Katarzyna Krukiewicz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Emerging Field of Biosensors and Bioelectronics Seeks to Exploit Biology in Combination with the Recent Advances in Engineering. Even Though Biomedical Implants Can Significantly Improve Quality of Life, Problems Following the Process of Implantation Are Still an Issue. in This Review, We Point Out Organic Monolayer-Based Coatings as a Potential Solution to the Major Limitations of Implantable Biomaterials, Including Limited Biocompatibility, the Risk of Biofouling, Bacterial Colonization, and Stability under in Vivo Conditions. at First, Selected Current and Perspective Biomaterials Are Discussed, with the Focus on their Use as Implantable Biosensors and Biomedical Electrodes. Surface Modification Strategies for Implantable …

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Qc-Sane: Robust Control In Drl Using Quantile Critic With Spiking Actor And Normalized Ensemble, Surbhi Gupta, Gaurav Singal, Deepak Garg, Sarangapani Jagannathan Sep 2023

Qc-Sane: Robust Control In Drl Using Quantile Critic With Spiking Actor And Normalized Ensemble, Surbhi Gupta, Gaurav Singal, Deepak Garg, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recently Introduced Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) Techniques in Discrete-Time Have Resulted in Significant Advances in Online Games, Robotics, and So On. Inspired from Recent Developments, We Have Proposed an Approach Referred to as Quantile Critic with Spiking Actor and Normalized Ensemble (QC-SANE) for Continuous Control Problems, Which Uses Quantile Loss to Train Critic and a Spiking Neural Network (NN) to Train an Ensemble of Actors. the NN Does an Internal Normalization using a Scaled Exponential Linear Unit (SELU) Activation Function and Ensures Robustness. the Empirical Study on Multijoint Dynamics with Contact (MuJoCo)-Based Environments Shows Improved Training and Test Results Than …

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Large-Scale Cascading Of First-Order Fbg Array In A Highly Multimode Coreless Fiber Using Femtosecond Laser For Distributed Thermal Sensing, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Ronald J. O'Malley, Jie Huang Aug 2023

Large-Scale Cascading Of First-Order Fbg Array In A Highly Multimode Coreless Fiber Using Femtosecond Laser For Distributed Thermal Sensing, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Ronald J. O'Malley, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research focuses on the performance analysis and characterization of a fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) array, consisting of 10 first order FBGs inscribed by a femtosecond (FS) laser in a highly multimode coreless fiber. The study evaluates the FBG array's ability to function as a distributed thermal sensing (DTS) platform, with the coreless fiber chosen as the sensing element due to its immunity to dopant migration at high temperatures. The design of a large cascaded first-order FBG array effectively eliminates unwanted harmonic peaks across a wide spectrum range. In contrast, higher-order FBGs introduce limitations due to the overlapping of Bragg …

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Localization And Identification Of Emi Sources In Shielding Enclosures Based On A Two-Step Source Reconstruction Method, Zi An Wang, Jun Fa Mao, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang, Ping Li Aug 2023

Localization And Identification Of Emi Sources In Shielding Enclosures Based On A Two-Step Source Reconstruction Method, Zi An Wang, Jun Fa Mao, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang, Ping Li

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Localization and identification of unknown electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources in shielding enclosures is a great challenge due to the complex electromagnetic environment. In this work, a two-step source reconstruction method is proposed to address this issue. The actual EMI sources are initially modeled by equally distributed equivalent electric dipoles in the shielding enclosure. Effects of surrounding environments are rigorously incorporated using the numerical Green's function which bridges between the equivalent dipoles and planar scanned tangential magnetic near-field. Next, the initial equivalent sources are downsized via evaluating the contribution of each equivalent dipole. The parameters of remaining equivalent dipoles are updated …

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A Direct Data Approach To Joint 2-D Doa And Frequency Estimation With L-Shaped Array, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang Aug 2023

A Direct Data Approach To Joint 2-D Doa And Frequency Estimation With L-Shaped Array, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article presents a joint two-dimensional dynamic mode decomposition (JTDDMD) approach to estimate the azimuth angle, elevation angle, and frequency for multiple narrowband sources using the L-shaped array. According to the placement position of different coordinate axes of the receiving antenna in the array, i.e., x- or z-axis, the received signal is divided into two datasets. Two-dimensional dynamic mode decomposition (TDDMD), the sub algorithm of JTDDMD, is used twice to deal with these two datasets separately. Through the analysis of the x-axis subarray received signal using TDDMD, the electrical angle in the x-direction and frequency are obtained with automatic pairing. …

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Fusion Of Microgrid Control With Model-Free Reinforcement Learning: Review And Vision, Buxin She, Fangxing Li, Hantao Cui, Jingqiu Zhang, Rui Bo Jul 2023

Fusion Of Microgrid Control With Model-Free Reinforcement Learning: Review And Vision, Buxin She, Fangxing Li, Hantao Cui, Jingqiu Zhang, Rui Bo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Challenges and opportunities coexist in microgrids as a result of emerging large-scale distributed energy resources (DERs) and advanced control techniques. In this paper, a comprehensive review of microgrid control is presented with its fusion of model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL). A high-level research map of microgrid control is developed from six distinct perspectives, followed by bottom-level modularized control blocks illustrating the configurations of grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters. Then, mainstream MFRL algorithms are introduced with an explanation of how MFRL can be integrated into the existing control framework. Next, the application guideline of MFRL is summarized with a discussion of …

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Detection Of Critical Cancer Cells In Human Organs Using Dual Demodulation Photonic Crystal Fiber: Numerical Study, Farhan Mumtaz Jul 2023

Detection Of Critical Cancer Cells In Human Organs Using Dual Demodulation Photonic Crystal Fiber: Numerical Study, Farhan Mumtaz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study reports a novel approach for early detection of malignant cancer cells in human organs using a birefringent photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based optical sensor with dual demodulation. The PCF injects light into the middle hole, enhancing the radiated evanescent field. Analytes injected through the core cause a wavelength shift, measured by peak or dip shift. The proposed sensor has an optimal sensitivity of −7,940 nm/RIU, −8,265 nm/RIU, −9,747 nm/RIU, −9,006 nm/RIU, and −8,994 nm/RIU by peak shift and −8,745 nm/RIU, −10,728 nm/RIU, −8,721 nm/RIU, −10,113 nm/RIU, and −11,150 nm/RIU by dip shift for CRT-(Cervical tissue), BLD-(Blood), ADG-(Adrenal gland), BRT-(Breast) …

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A Non-Line-Of-Sight Mitigation Method For Indoor Ultra-Wideband Localization With Multiple Walls, Mengyao Dong, Yihong Qi, Xianbin Wang, Yiming Liu Jul 2023

A Non-Line-Of-Sight Mitigation Method For Indoor Ultra-Wideband Localization With Multiple Walls, Mengyao Dong, Yihong Qi, Xianbin Wang, Yiming Liu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging techniques can provide accurate distance measurement under line-of-sight (LOS) conditions. However, various walls and obstacles in indoor non-LOS (NLOS) environments, which obstruct the direct propagation of UWB signals, can generate significant ranging errors. Due to the complex through-wall UWB signal propagation, most conventional studies simplify the ranging error model by assuming that the incidence angle is zero or the relative permittivity's for different walls are the same to improve the through-wall UWB localization performance. Considering walls are different in realistic settings, this article presents a through-multiple-wall NLOS mitigation method for UWB indoor positioning. First, spatial geometric equilibrium …

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Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based On Seven-Core Fiber Interference And Pt-Wo3 Film, You Wang, Farhan Mumtaz, Yutang Dai Jun 2023

Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based On Seven-Core Fiber Interference And Pt-Wo3 Film, You Wang, Farhan Mumtaz, Yutang Dai

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tungsten oxide (WO3) typically owns the characteristics of electrochemical, photo-chromic, and gas-chromic. The seven-core fiber (SCF) generates a strong interference signal that comprises super-modes. The thermo-optic and thermo-expansion characteristics of SCF were utilized with an aid of Pt-WO3 film that makes the sensor highly sensitive to the H2 gas environment. The sensor with spiral micro grooves by femtosecond-laser ablation considerably enhanced the H2 sensitivity from 3.28 nm% to 4.0 nm%, and obtained a response and recovery time < 90 s.

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Time-Domain Shielding Effectiveness Analysis Based On Dgtd Method Accelerated By Local Time-Stepping And Parallel Techniques, Zheng Lang Jia, Huan Huan Zhang, Da Zhi Ding, Lei Zhao, Qiang Ren, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang Jun 2023

Time-Domain Shielding Effectiveness Analysis Based On Dgtd Method Accelerated By Local Time-Stepping And Parallel Techniques, Zheng Lang Jia, Huan Huan Zhang, Da Zhi Ding, Lei Zhao, Qiang Ren, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method accelerated by local time-stepping (LTS) and parallel techniques is employed to analyze the time-domain shielding effectiveness (TDSE) of metallic enclosures. The detailed formulations and implementation procedures of the DGTD method and LTS and parallel techniques are introduced. Numerical results validate the correctness of the proposed method. Moreover, the influence of various design parameters of the metallic enclosure, including aperture dimensions, wall thickness, spacing of aperture arrays, etc., on the TDSE are analyzed by the proposed method. Some rules are given for the design of the enclosure with rectangular apertures from the perspective of TDSE. …

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Simultaneous And Multiplexed Measurement Of Curvature And Strain Based On Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometric Sensors, Chen Zhu, Hongkun Zheng, Osamah Alsalman, Wassana Naku, Lingmei Ma May 2023

Simultaneous And Multiplexed Measurement Of Curvature And Strain Based On Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometric Sensors, Chen Zhu, Hongkun Zheng, Osamah Alsalman, Wassana Naku, Lingmei Ma

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Optical fiber sensors that have a compact size and the capability for multi-parameter sensing are desired in various applications. This article reports a miniaturized optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor with a length of hundreds of µm that is able to simultaneously measure variations of curvature, temperature, and strain. The sensor is easy to fabricate, requiring only the fusion splicing of a short section of the silica capillary tube between two single-mode fibers (SMFs). The combined mechanism of the Fabry-Perot interference occurred in the two interfaces between the capillary and the SMFs, and the Anti resonant guidance induced by the capillary …

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Design And Analysis Of Gold-Nanowires Based Multi-Channel Spr Sensor, Nasir Mahmood Anjum, Farhan Mumtaz, Muhammad Aqueel Ashraf May 2023

Design And Analysis Of Gold-Nanowires Based Multi-Channel Spr Sensor, Nasir Mahmood Anjum, Farhan Mumtaz, Muhammad Aqueel Ashraf

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research reports the simultaneous multi-analyte sensing capabilities of a D-shaped multi-channel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. Three channels are truncated in a U-shaped pattern at the side-polished surface of the D-shaped three-core fiber. Three Gold-nanowires (AuNWs) are positioned at the bottom of each sensing channel. To examine the SPR sensor's multi-channel characteristics, a finite element method (FEM) is applied. In order to detect a variety of analytes, y-polarized modes-multiplexing is used, which offers a sufficient wavelength range. At an infiltrated refractive index (RI) of 1.35, 1.38, and 1.41, respectively, the maximal RI sensitivities of c-1 (channel-one), c-2 (channel-two), and …

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Machine Learning For A Vernier-Effect-Based Optical Fiber Sensor, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Wassana Naku May 2023

Machine Learning For A Vernier-Effect-Based Optical Fiber Sensor, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Wassana Naku

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In recent years, the optical Vernier effect has been demonstrated as an effective tool to improve the sensitivity of optical fiber interferometer-based sensors, potentially facilitating a new generation of highly sensitive fiber sensing systems. Previous work has mainly focused on the physical implementation of Vernier-effect-based sensors using different combinations of interferometers, while the signal demodulation aspect has been neglected. However, accurate and reliable extraction of useful information from the sensing signal is critically important and determines the overall performance of the sensing system. In this Letter, we, for the first time, propose and demonstrate that machine learning (ML) can be …

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