Engineering Commons^™

Para Cima Y Pa’ Abajo: Building Bridges Between Hci Research In Latin America And In The Global North, Pedro Reynolds-Cuéllar, Marisol Wong-Villacres, Karla A. Badillo-Urquiola, Mayra Donaji Barrera-Machuca, Franceli L. Cibrian, Marianela Ciolfi Felice, Carolina Fuentes, Laura Sanely Gaytán-Lugo, Vivian Genaro Motti, Monica Perusquía-Hernández, Oscar A. Lemus

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

The Human-computer Interaction (HCI) community has the opportunity to foster the integration of research practices across the Global South and North to begin overcoming colonial relationships. In this paper, we focus on the case of Latin America (LATAM), where initiatives to increase the representation of HCI practitioners lack a consolidated understanding of the practices they employ, the factors that influence them, and the challenges that practitioners face. To address this knowledge gap, we employ a mixed-methods approach, comprising a survey (66 respondents) and in-depth interviews (19 interviewees). Our analyses characterize a set of research perspectives on how HCI is practiced …

Neutrosophic Mcdm Methodology For Assessment Risks Of Cyber Security In Power Management, Ahmed M. Abdelmouty, Ahmed Abdel-Monem

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Every day, new reports of cyberattacks on interconnected control systems emerge. The vulnerability of their communication mechanism makes similar control systems a target for malicious outsiders. Protecting sensitive data and maintaining network reliability and availability are two of the main reasons why network security is so important. Strong and dependable network security strategies use a number of safeguards to protect users and businesses from malware and cyber assaults like distributed denial of service. A safety analysis is an essential step that must precede the introduction of any security measures. There hasn't been much experience with cyberattacks on power control systems …

H-Plane Siw Horn Antenna With Enhanced Front-To-Back Ratio For 5g Applications, Özlem Akgün, Nurhan Türker Tokan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) antennas are indispensable components in the fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems. With the inherent advantages of integration capability, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna is an excellent choice for applications in the mmWave frequency bands. However, reflection losses occur at dielectric-filled thin apertures of SIW antennas. These reflections can be overcome by impedance matching between the aperture and the free space. In this study, we introduce an mmWave SIW horn antenna having impedance matching transitions (IMTs) across the horn's aperture width. The designed antenna, operating in the 24-28 GHz band, is simulated with a full-wave analysis tool. The simulation …

Boomerang Algorithm Based On Swarm Optimization For Inverse Kinematics Of 6 Dof Open Chain Manipulators, Okan Duymazlar, Di̇lşad Engi̇n

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, a feasible swarm intelligence algorithm is proposed that computes the inverse kinematics solution of 6 degree of freedom (DOF) industrial robot arms, which are frequently used in industrial and medical applications. The proposed algorithm is named as Boomerang algorithm due to its recursive structure. The proposed algorithm aims to reduce the computation time to feasible levels without increasing the position and orientation errors. In order to reduce the computational time in swarm optimization algorithms and increase feasibility, an alternative definition method was used instead of the DH method in defining the robot arm kinematic configuration. The effect …

Rank And Analysis Several Solutions Of Healthcare Waste To Achieve Cost Effectiveness And Sustainability Using Neutrosophic Mcdm Model, Ahmed Abdelhafeez, Hoda K. Mohamed, Nariman A. Khalil

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Managing healthcare waste (HCWTT) from healthcare facilities is difficult. It's high up on the list of health concerns. This growth in HCWTT has been especially visible in recent years, as the quantity of medical services available has increased. Because of the potential danger, this garbage poses to people and the planet, it must be properly disposed of. Because of ineffective waste management practices, inadequate financial resources, and a lack of adequate facilities, HCWT administration is especially crucial in developing nations. Reducing HCWT via appropriate treatment is important for the area's financial and environmental health. In order to solve single-valued neutrosophic …

Fair4pghd: A Framework For Fair Implementation Over Pghd, Abdullahi Abubakar Kawu, Dympna O'Sullivan, Lucy Hederman, Mirjam Van Reisen

Articles

Patient Generated Health Data (PGHD) are being considered for integration with health facilities, however little is known about how such data can be made machine-actionable in a way that meets FAIR guidelines. This article proposes a 5-stage framework that can be used to achieve this.

Data-Driven Strategies For Pain Management In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease, Swati Padhee

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This research explores data-driven AI techniques to extract insights from relevant medical data for pain management in patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). SCD is an inherited red blood cell disorder that can cause a multitude of complications throughout an individual’s life. Most patients with SCD experience repeated, unpredictable episodes of severe pain. Arguably, the most challenging aspect of treating pain episodes in SCD is assessing and interpreting the patient’s pain intensity level due to the subjective nature of pain. In this study, we leverage multiple data-driven AI techniques to improve pain management in patients with SCD. The proposed approaches …

A Type-2 Fuzzy Rule-Based Model For Diagnosis Of Covid-19, İhsan Şahi̇n, Erhan Akdoğan, Mehmet Emi̇n Aktan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, a type-2 fuzzy logic-based decision support system comprising clinical examination and blood test results that health professionals can use in addition to existing methods in the diagnosis of COVID-19 has been developed. The developed system consists of three fuzzy units. The first fuzzy unit produces COVID-19 positivity as a percentage according to the respiratory rate, loss of smell, and body temperature values, and the second fuzzy unit according to the C-reactive protein, lymphocyte, and D-dimer values obtained as a result of the blood tests. In the third fuzzy unit, the COVID-19 positivity risks according to the clinical …

Transmission Network Planning For Realistic Egyptian Systems Via Encircling Prey Based Algorithms, Abdullah M. Shaheen, Ragab Elsehiemy, Mohammed Kharrich, Salah Kamel

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Transmission network planning problem (TNPP) is one of the pertinent issues of the planning activities in power systems. It aims to optimally pick out the routs, types, and number of the new installed lines to confront the expected future loading conditions. In this line, this study proposes a new economic model to the TNPP. The aim of the model is to find the optimal transmission routes at least investment and operating costs. Three recent algorithms called grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWOA), spotted hyena optimization algorithm (SHOA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) are developed to solve the TNPP. The concept of …

Social-Engineering, Bio-Economies, And Nation-State Ontological Security: A Commentary, Brandon Griffin, Keitavius Alexander, Xavier-Lewis Palmer, Lucas Potter

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Biocybersecurity is an evolving discipline that aims to identify the gaps and risks associated with the convergence of Biology (the science of life and living organisms) and cybersecurity (the science, study, and theory of cyberspace and cybernetics) to protect the bioeconomy. The biological industries’ increased reliance on digitization, automation, and computing power has resulted in benefits for the scientific community, it has simultaneously multiplied the risk factors associated with industrial espionage and the protection of data both commercial and proprietary. The sensitive and potentially destructive power of this data and its access inherently poses a risk to the national and …

Ict Security Tools And Techniques Among Higher Education Institutions: A Critical Review, Miko Nuñez, Xavier-Lewis Palmer, Lucas Potter, Chris Jordan Aliac, Lemuel Clark Velasco

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly relying on digital technologies for classroom and organizational management, but this puts them at higher risk for information and communication (ICT security attacks. Recent studies show that HEIs have experienced more security breaches in ICT security composed of both cybersecurity an information security. A literature review was conducted to identify common ICT security practices in HEIs over the last decade. 11 journal articles were profiled and analyzed, revealing threats to HEIs’ security and protective measures in terms of organizational security, technological security, physical security, and standards and frameworks. Security tools and techniques were grouped …

Implications Of Cyberbiosecurity In Advanced Agriculture, Simone Stephen, Keitavius Alexander, Lucas Potter, Xavier-Lewis Palmer

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The world is currently undergoing a rapid digital transformation sometimes referred to as the fourth industrial revolution. During this transformation, it is increasingly clear that many scientific fields are not prepared for this change. One specific area is agriculture. As the sector which creates global food supply, this critical infrastructure requires detailed assessment and research via newly developed technologies (Millett et al, 2019; Peccoud et al, 2018) . Despite its fundamental significance to modern civilization, many aspects of industrial agriculture have not yet adapted to the digital world. This is evident in the many vulnerabilities currently present within agricultural systems, …

A Reflection Of Typology And Verification Flaws In Consideration Of Biocybersecurity/Cyberbiosecurity: Just Another Gap In The Wall, Luke Potter, Kim Mossberg, Xavier Palmer

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Verification is central to any process in a functional and enduring cyber-secure organization. This verification is how the validity or accuracy of a state of being is assessed (Schlick, 1936; Balci, 1998). Conversely, breakdown in verification procedures is core to the interruption of normal operations for an organization. A key problem for organizations that utilize biology as an interlock within their systems is that personnel lack sufficient ability to verify all practically relevant biological information for procedures such as a nurse logging a blood draw, or a molecular biology technician preparing agar to culture microbes for study. This has several …

Extracting Road Surface Marking Features From Aerial Images Using Deep Learning, Michael Kimollo

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The traffic and roadway safety agencies spend significant efforts each year collecting roadway data, including lane configurations and other road surface marking data, such as areas with school zone markings, sidewalks, left turns, right turns, bicycle lanes, etc., for safety analysis and planning purposes. The current manual data collection methods pose significant operational and quality control challenges as they are costly and prone to errors. In addition to that the manual data collection is labor intensive and takes too much time involving high equipment costs, questionable data accuracy guarantees, and concerns about the safety of the crew.

This study aims …

A Robust Random Forest Prediction Model For Mother-To-Child Hiv Transmission Based On Individual Medical History, Rebecca Chaula

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be a leading cause of mortality and reduces manpower throughout the world. HIV transmission from mother to child is still a global challenge in health research. According to UNAIDS, in every 7 girls, 6 are found to be newly infected among adolescents whereby 15-24 years are likely to be living with HIV which is the maternal age and likely to transfer to the child. Machine learning methods have been used to predict HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to child but left behind some important considerations including the use of patient-level information and techniques in balancing …

The Use Of Online Social Media Platforms By Tanzania Journalists To Produce And Disseminate Development News, Elisha Magolanga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Advancement in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are revolutionizing Development Journalism (DJ) into an effective strategy for building competitive economies globally. However, many countries in Africa including Tanzania are slow in tapping potentials of ICT for development journalism. Digital penetration in the form of the Internet and social media are changing the way in which journalists are mobilizing and engaging communities in journalism practises, a key strategy for a competitive digitalised economy. This paper was guided by Development Communication Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Theory to explore the use of online social media by journalists in Tanzania to practice development …

Investigating The Support For Agility In Developing Government Software Systems: A Case Of Three East African Countries, Leonard Peter Binamungu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Agile Software Development Methods support an iterative and incremental way of developing software systems while responding to change by prioritising various aspects at different times. This differs from traditional sequential methods like Waterfall, in which one software development stage has to be completed before starting the next stage. To produce software systems that meet the requirements of their institutions, several governments in Africa have issued standards and guidelines to be followed during the development of government software systems. Such standards and guidelines specify the specific activities and deliverables for each stage of software development. While well-intentioned, such guidelines and standards …

The Rise Of Terrorism In Africa And What It Means For U.S. Policymakers, Bridget Mary Hughes

Master's Theses

This thesis utilizes three case studies to measure the rise of terrorism in Africa. This qualitative data leads the reader to one ultimate question: what does the rise in terrorism in Africa mean for the United States (U.S.) and U.S. policymakers, National Security academia, students in National Security, if anything at all? The answer is: if civilian and military compounds are being targeted by these violent extremists, as these three case studies demonstrate, it is my recommendation that U.S. policymakers cease sending troops to the African theater and, instead, allocate funding to the citizens and nonprofits of the countries whom …

A Two-Layer Network Propagation Model Of Awareness Diffusion And Seir Epidemic, Yurong Song, Yulin Bao, Ruqi Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to understand the transmission characteristics of epidemics similar to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) with obvious expose period, a two-layer network transmission model considering time-varying factors is proposed to make corresponding predictions and measures. The UAU (unaware-aware-unaware) information transmission model is used to represent the diffusion process of conscious information about epidemic. In the underlying network, the susceptible-exposed-infected- recovered (SEIR) epidemic-like transmission model with latent state is used to describe the epidemic transmission process affected by conscious information. The MMCA (microscopic Markov chain approach) is used to deduce the transmission threshold of epidemics diseases. By analyzing the key …

A Smart Parallel Gripper Industrial Automation System For Measurement Of Gripped Work Piece Thickness, Erik Kocher, Chukwuemeka George Ochieze, Ahmat Oumar, Travis Winter, Aleksandr Sergeyev, Mark Gauthier, Nathir Rawashdeh

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

As part of the advanced programmable logic controllers (PLC) course at Michigan Tech, this class project is performed on a mechatronics system gifted by Donald Engineering, a Michigan-based supplier of industrial automation systems and components. This paper explores the functionality and ladder programming of the smart parallel gripper system to measure the width of components grasped with the gripper. In addition, details of the system’s components, operation, more advanced uses are discussed. On the automation line, this smart gripper can be used to measure the thickness of work pieces while handling them and classifying these as either acceptable, too large …

A New Approach For Congestive Heart Failure And Arrhythmia Classification Using Downsampling Local Binary Patterns With Lstm, Süleyman Akdağ, Fatma Kuncan, Yilmaz Kaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a vital diagnosis approach for the rapid explication and detection of various heart diseases, especially cardiac arrest, sinus rhythms, and heart failure. For this purpose, in this study, a different perspective based on downsampling one-dimensional-local binary pattern (1D-DS-LBP) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is presented for the categorization of Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. A transformation method named 1DDS-LBP has been presented for Electrocardiogram signals. The 1D-DS-LBP method processes the bigness smallness relationship between neighbors. According to the proposed method, by downsampling the signal, the histograms of 1D local binary patterns (1D-LBP) calculated from the obtained signal groups are …

Feature Analysis Of Indus Valley And Dravidian Language Scripts With Similarity Matrices, Sarat Sasank Barla, Sai Surya Sanjay Alamuru, Peter Revesz

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

This paper investigates the similarity between the Indus Valley script and the Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, and Telugu scripts that are used to write Dravidian languages. The closeness of these scripts is determined by applying a feature analysis of each sign of these scripts and creating similarity matrices that describe the similarity of any pair of signs from two different scripts. The feature list that we use for the analysis of these Dravidian language-related scripts includes six new features beyond the thirteen features that were used for the study of Minoan Linear A and related scripts by Revesz. These new features …

Big Data Analytics Framework For Effective Higher Education Institutions, George Matto

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

There has been an increased dependency on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in undertaking various activities in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) ecosystems. Because of that, huge volumes of data have increasingly been generated. There have been, for instance, considerable amounts of data generated through electronic platforms involved in students’ admission and registration process, students’ academic records management, teaching and learning data, curriculum related data, and several other administrative data. Analysis of data generated from these platforms stands to give students, lecturers, HEIs Management, policy makers and implementers, and other stakeholders useful insights that would help in improving HEIs’ effectiveness. Unfortunately, …

An Iot Based Worker Safety Helmet Using Cloud Computing Technology, Yuthriya Iddi Khamis, Mahmoud Alawi, Waheed Muhammad Sanya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Miner safety and security is a major challenge around the world due to the exposure to toxic gases that are frequently released in underground mines. Miners' health is adversely affected primarily by toxic gases, which endanger the workers' lives. Furthermore, human sensory abilities do not detect these dangerous gases. As a result, this paper proposes a safety monitoring system that includes a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and gas sensors to detect harmful gases and alert miners to those harmful gases using the smart helmet they wear. These gases are transmitted to the control station via the cloud using Internet of …

Digital Skills And Self-Employment Among Graduates Of Technical Higher Education Institutions In Tanzania, Charles Raphael

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Digital skills are the driving forces for innovative, inclusive and sustainable growth through innovations and digitalization which in turn stimulate job creation, alleviate poverty, reducing inequality, facilitating the delivery of goods and services. However, large number of graduates is shown to be weak in digital skills in the industry hence affect their employability including self-employment. Recently, the Technical Higher Education Institutions (THEIs) took some initiatives to instill the digital skills to their respective students. This study therefore assessed the level of competence of digital skills among graduates following the initiatives taken by the THEIs and their influence on self-employment. It …

Cyber Security Challenges, Its Emerging Trends On Latest Information And Communication Technology And Cyber Crime In Mobile Money Transaction Services, Hakeem J. Pallangyo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper investigates the challenges emerging trends on latest Information and Communication Technology and cybercrime in mobile money transaction services in Tanzania. The objective of this is to evaluate the challenges associated with this rapid growth in ICT and to determine factors influencing Cybersecurity readiness and Cybercrimes in mobile money transaction services. Cyber Security plays a significant role in the field of Information and Communication Technology especially on mobile money transaction services. The study recognizes the provision of mobile money services by both telecommunication companies and local banks, the fact is that whenever we think about the cyber security, the …

Privacy Assessment Breakthrough: A Design Science Approach To Creating A Unified Methodology, Lisa Mckee

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

Recent changes have increased the need for and awareness of privacy assessments. Organizations focus primarily on Privacy Impact Assessments (PIA) and Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIA) but rarely take a comprehensive approach to assessments or integrate the results into a privacy risk program. There are numerous industry standards and regulations for privacy assessments, but the industry lacks a simple unified methodology with steps to perform privacy assessments. The objectives of this research project are to create a new privacy assessment methodology model using the design science methodology, update industry standards and present training for conducting privacy assessments that can be …

Intra-Hour Solar Forecasting Using Cloud Dynamics Features Extracted From Ground-Based Infrared Sky Images, Guillermo Terrén-Serrano

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Due to the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, power grids are vulnerable to the projection of shadows from moving clouds. An intra-hour solar forecast provides power grids with the capability of automatically controlling the dispatch of energy, reducing the additional cost for a guaranteed, reliable supply of energy (i.e., energy storage). This dissertation introduces a novel sky imager consisting of a long-wave radiometric infrared camera and a visible light camera with a fisheye lens. The imager is mounted on a solar tracker to maintain the Sun in the center of the images throughout the day, reducing the scattering effect produced …

Technical Analysis Of Thanos Ransomware, Ikuromor Ogiriki, Christopher Beck, Vahid Heydari

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Ransomware is a developing menace that encrypts users’ files and holds the decryption key hostage until the victim pays a ransom. This particular class of malware has been in charge of extortion hundreds of millions of dollars every year. Adding to the problem, generating new variations is cheap. Therefore, new malware can detect antivirus and intrusion detection systems and evade them or manifest in ways to make themselves undetectable. We must first understand the characteristics and behavior of various varieties of ransomware to create and construct effective security mechanisms to combat them. This research presents a novel dynamic and behavioral …

Automatically Classifying Familiar Web Users From Eye-Tracking Data:A Machine Learning Approach, Meli̇h Öder, Şükrü Eraslan, Yeli̇z Yesi̇lada

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Eye-tracking studies typically collect enormous amount of data encoding rich information about user behaviours and characteristics on the web. Eye-tracking data has been proved to be useful for usability and accessibility testing and for developing adaptive systems. The main objective of our work is to mine eye-tracking data with machine learning algorithms to automatically detect users' characteristics. In this paper, we focus on exploring different machine learning algorithms to automatically classify whether users are familiar or not with a web page. We present our work with an eye-tracking data of 81 participants on six web pages. Our results show that …