Engineering Commons^™

Case Study Of Non-Linear Inverse Problems: Mammography And Non-Destructive Evaluation, Olga Kosheleva, S. Cabrera, Roberto A. Osegueda, Carlos M. Ferregut, Soheil Nazarian, M. J. George, Vladik Kreinovich, K. Worden

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

The inverse problem is usually difficult because the signal (image) that we want to reconstruct is weak. Since it is weak, we can usually neglect quadratic and higher order terms, and consider the problem to be linear. Since the problem is linear, methods of solving this problem are also, mainly, linear (with the notable exception of the necessity to take into consideration, e.g., that the actual image is non-negative).

In most real-life problems, this linear description works pretty well. However, at some point, when we start looking for a better accuracy, we must take into consideration non-linear terms. This may …

Location Independent Names For Nomadic Computers, David Steere, Mark Morrissey, Peter Geib, Calton Pu, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent advances in the Domain Name System (DNS) and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) have enabled a new approach to supporting mobile users: location independent naming. In this approach, machines use the same hostname from any internet location, but use an IP address that corresponds to their current location. We describe a protocol that implements location independent naming for nomadic computers, i.e., machines that do not need transparent mobility. Our protocol allows hosts to move across security domains, uses existing protocols, and preserves existing trust relationships. Therefore, it preserves the performance and security of normal IP for nomadic computers …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 6, June 1998, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 5, May 1998, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Adaptation Space: Surviving Non-Maskable Failures, Crispin Cowan, Lois Delcambre, Anne-Francoise Le Meur, Ling Liu, David Maier, Dylan Mcnamee, Michael Miller, Calton Pu, Perry Wagle, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Some failures cannot be masked by redundancies, because an unanticipated situation occurred, because fault-tolerance measures were not adequate, or because there was a security breach (which is not amenable to replication). Applications that wish to continue to offer some service despite nonmaskable failure must adapt to the loss of resources. When numerous combinations of non-maskable failure modes are considered, the set of possible adaptations becomes complex. This paper presents adaptation spaces, a formalism for navigating among combinations of adaptations. An adaptation space describes a collection of possible adaptations of a software component or system, and provides a uniform way of …

Implementation Of A Database System With Boolean Algebra Constraints, András Salamon

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis describes an implementation of a constraint database system with constraints over a Boolean Algebra of sets. The system allows within the input database as well as the queries equality, subset-equality and monotone inequality constraints between Boolean Algebra terms built up using the operators of union, intersection and complement. Hence the new system extends the earlier DISCO system, which only allowed equality and subset-equality constraints between Boolean algebra variables and constants. The new system allows Datalog with Boolean Algebra constraints as the query lan- guage. The implementation includes an extension of Naive and Semi-Naive evaluation methods for Datalog programs …

Rapid Prototyping Using Reprogrammable Logic, Jared L. Bell

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 4, April 1998, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

A Variation On The Zero-One Law, Andreas Blass, Yuri Gurevich, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Given a decision problem P and a probability distribution over binary strings, for each n, draw independently an instance xn of P of length n. What is the probability that there is a polynomial time algorithm that solves all instances xn of P? The answer is: zero or one.

Spectral/Temporal Segment Features For Automatic Speech Recognition, Xi Hong Wang

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis an approach for efficiently computing a compact spectral/temporal feature set for representing a segment of speech, with effective resolution depending on both frequency and time position within the segment, is developed, analyzed, and tested. The goal of this method is to mimic the resolution properties of the human auditory system, but using a computationally efficient FFT-based front end rather than a more complex auditory model. In particular this method applies both frequency and time "warping" to FFT spectra to obtain good frequency resolution at low frequencies and good time resolution at high frequencies. Time resolution is also …

Adding Fuzzy Integral To Fuzzy Control, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Richard Alo

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Sugeno integral was invented a few decades ago as a natural fuzzy-number analogue of the classical integral. Sugeno integral has many interesting applications. It is reasonable to expect that it can be used in all application areas where classical integrals are used, and in many such areas it is indeed useful. Surprisingly, however, it has never been used in fuzzy control, although in traditional control, classical integral is one of the main tools.

In this paper, we show that the appropriately modified Sugeno integral is indeed useful for fuzzy control: namely, it provides numerical characterization of stability and smoothness …

How To Divide A Territory? A New Simple Differential Formalism For Optimization Of Set Functions, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical problems, we must optimize a set function, i.e., find a set A for which f(A) is maximum, where f is a function defined on the class of sets. Such problems appear in design, in image processing, in game theory, etc.

Most optimization problems can be solved (or at least simplified) by using the fact that small deviations from an optimal solution can only decrease the value of the objective function; as a result, some derivative must be equal to 0. This approach has been successfully used, e.g., for set functions in which the desired set A …

Computational Complexity And Feasibility Of Fuzzy Data Processing: Why Fuzzy Numbers, Which Fuzzy Numbers, Which Operations With Fuzzy Numbers, Hung T. Nguyen, Misha Kosheleva, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Radko Mesiar

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many real-life situations, we cannot directly measure or estimate the desired quantity r. In these situations, we measure or estimate other quantities r1,...,rn related to r, and then reconstruct r from the estimates for r_i. This reconstruction is called data processing.

Often, we only have fuzzy information about ri. In such cases, we have fuzzy data processing. Fuzzy data means that instead of a single number ri, we have several numbers that describes the fuzzy knowledge about the corresponding quantity. Since we need to process more numbers, the computation time for fuzzy …

Operations With Fuzzy Numbers Explain Heuristic Methods In Image Processing, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Bernadette Bouchon-Meuiner, Radko Mesiar

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Maximum entropy method and its heuristic generalizations are very useful in image processing. In this paper, we show that the use of fuzzy numbers enables us to naturally explain these heuristic methods.

Decision Making Based On Satellite Images: Optimal Fuzzy Clustering Approach, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen, Scott A. Starks, Yeung Yam

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many real-life decision-making situations, in particular, in processing satellite images, we have an enormous amount of information to process. To speed up the information processing, it is reasonable to first classify the situations into a few meaningful classes (clusters), find the best decision for each class, and then, for each new situation, to apply the decision which is the best for the corresponding class. One of the most efficiently clustering methodologies is fuzzy clustering, which is based on the use of fuzzy logic. Usually, heuristic clusterings are used, i.e., methods which are selected based on their empirical efficiency …

Towards The Use Of Aesthetics In Decision Making: Kolmogorov Complexity Formalizes Birkhoff's Idea, Misha Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Yeung Yam

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Decision making is traditionally based on utilitarian criteria such as cost, efficiency, time, etc. These criteria are reasonably easy to formalize; hence, for such criteria, we can select the best decision by solving the corresponding well-defined optimization problem. In many engineering projects, however, e.g., in designing cars, building, airplanes, etc., an important additional criterion which needs to be satisfied is that the designed object should be good looking. This additional criterion is difficult to formalize and, because of that, it is rarely taken into consideration in formal decision making. In the 1930s, the famous mathematician G. D. Birkhoff has proposed …

Joint Wavelet Transform Correlation With Separated Target And Reference Planes, Boon Yi Soon, Mohammad A. Karim, Russell C. Hardie, Mohammad S. Alam

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years, we realize the usefulness of feature extraction for optical correlator and hereby, we investigate the capability of Laplace operator in feature extraction of multiple targets. The first-order terms and the false alarm terms in the correlation output would be removed using electronic power spectrum subtraction technique. Most importantly, the entire magneto-optic SLM is completely utilized for displaying only targets in the input scene. A new cost efficient hardware implementation is proposed and aforementioned result of the proposed system is evaluated through computer simulation.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 3, March 1998, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Design, Performance, And Applications Of A Coherent Ultra-Wideband Random Noise Radar, Ram M. Narayanan, Yi Xu, Paul D. Hoffmeyer, John O. Curtis

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A novel coherent ultra-wideband radar system operating in the 1- to 2-GHz frequency range has been developed recently at the University of Nebraska. The radar system transmits white Gaussian noise. Detection and localization of buried objects is accomplished by correlating the reflected waveform with a time-delayed replica of the transmitted waveform. Broadband dual-polarized log-periodic antennas are used for transmission and reception. A unique signal-processing scheme is used to inject coherence into the system by frequency translation of the ultrawideband signal by a coherent 160-MHz phase-locked source prior to performing heterodyne correlation. The system coherence allows the extraction of a target’s …

Encryption Algorithms Made (Somewhat) More Natural (A Pedagogical Remark), Misha Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Modern cryptographic algorithms, such as DES, IDEA, etc., are very complex and therefore difficult to learn. Textbooks explain in detail how these algorithms work, but they usually do not explain why these algorithms were designed as they were. In this paper, we explain why, and thus, hopefully, make cryptographic algorithms easier to learn.

An Operationalistic Reformulation Of Einstein's Equivalence Principle, Vladik Kreinovich, R. R. Zapatrine

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 2, February 1998, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Mechanical Behavior Of Al-Al2o3 Particulate Metal Matrix Composites Manufactured By Powder Metallurgy Techniques, Abdirahman Youssef Ahmed

Archived Theses and Dissertations

Metal matrix composite (N[MC) materials were manufactured using powder metallurgy (PM) techniques. Pure aluminum, Al, powder of mean particle size of 51 pm and alumina, AhO3, powder of 4 pm particle size were used as matrix and reinforcement, respectively. MNICs with four different weight fractions of reinforcement (e.g; Al-0wt.% AhO3, AI-2.5wt.% AhO3, Al-5wt.% AI2O3, and Al-1 0wt. %AhO3 ) were investigated The specimens were manufactured using hot compaction followed hot extrusion. Based on a preliminary study and on data published in the literature, two sets of processing parameters, designated as Scheme I and Scheme II, were used. The processing parameters …

A Cooperative Expert System-Explanation Architecture, Samhaa R Adel El-Beltagy

Archived Theses and Dissertations

During the last few years, expert system explanation has become an active research area after recognizing chat its role goes beyond expert system verification as assumed by early systems. After examining current systems, it has been found that only a few of these meet the requirements of an end user interested in learning more about the domain being addressed by an expert system and understanding why it has reached a certain conclusion. It was also found that systems that address these requirements, do so at a very high cost) since they embed unmense amounts of knowledge in a system without …

Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of The Infrastructure For A Two Part Non Volatile Ram, Suma Madapur

Theses

The present trend is to be able to develop cheaper and more convenient methods to design and fabricate non volatile RAM that will lead to an alteration of the computer architecture itself This will help replace the DRAM, which the computers currently have in their memory. The proposed NVRAM is designed to overcome the common difficulties faced with the use of ferroelectric materials used in the fabrication of NVRAM. The new idea essentially consists of fabricating the circuitry component separately and the substrate component separately and binding the two with the help of a conducting material. Electrical properties such as …

Evaluating The Communications Capabilities Of The Generalized Hypercube Interconnection Network, Sanjay Krishnamurthy

Theses

This thesis presents results of evaluating the communications capabilities of the generalized hypercube interconnection network. The generalized hypercube has outstanding topological properties, but it has not been implemented in a large scale because of its very high wiring complexity. For this reason, this network has not been studied extensively in the past. However, recent and expected technological advancements will soon render this network viable for massively parallel systems.

We first present implementations of randomized many-to-all broadcasting and multicasting on generalized hypercubes, using as the basis the one-to-all broadcast algorithm presented in [3]. We test the proposed implementations under realistic communication …

Modeling And Numerical Analysis Of Beam Matrix Plasma Display System, Jingwu Zhang

Theses

This research investigates a new display device - Beam Matrix Plasma Display Panel (BM PDP). The scan of a PDP in such a system is accomplished through two electrical-beam guns instead of semiconductor switches.

The BM-PDP eliminates the expensive semiconductor switches in the current plasma display device systems. Its drive circuit has only three parts: electron beam guns, resistors and capacitors. During the operation of BM PDP, first a switch cell is turned on by a selection gun (X gun). Then another electron gun (Y gun) emits electrons onto column electrodes and capacitors. When the voltage over the corresponding luminous …

Design And Implementation Of Generalized Adaptive Neural Filters, Chun Yip Tam

Theses

Generalized Adaptive Neural Filters (GANF) are a class of adaptive non-linear filters. This thesis presents a hardware implementation of GANF. Two designs are considered: the single neuron implementation and the multi-neuron implementation. The GANF design includes the window generator, threshold decomposer, training and filtering unit. The designs are verified through a logic design/simulation tool, Logic Works.

Design Of A Communications Interface For A Very High Performance Computer, Jesse Boyd Zydallis

Theses

PetaFLOPS computing power is the newest goal of Federal Government agencies, in the increasingly active supercomputer field. To obtain this performance goal by the year 2007, sophisticated parallel processing designs are required. To effectively create network interfaces/routers for interprocessor communications in such computer systems, it requires optimal hardware and software codesigns.

An interface is presented for the NJIT New Millennium Computing Point Design, a system that targets 100 TeraFLOPS performance by the year 2005. The router handles store-and-forward switching and wormhole routing for the system.

Electromagneticbeamdirecting Means-Sampleanalyss System Stage, And Method Of Use, Daniel W. Thompson, Darin W. Glenn, John A. Woollam

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disclosed is an electromagnetic beam directing means for use with sample analysis systems, such as reflectometers, ellipsometers and polarimeters and the like, use of which facilitates investigation of sample systems which are not mounted to a sample analysis system sample system supporting stage. The present invention eliminates the requirement of extensive sample analysis system component realignment when alternatingly performing analysis of sample systems mounted upon, and mounted other than upon, a sample analysis system sample system supporting stage.