Engineering Commons^™

Extending T-Norms Beyond [0,1]: Relevant Results Of Semigroup Theory, Yeung Yam, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Originally, fuzzy logic was proposed to describe human reasoning. Lately, it turned out that fuzzy logic is also a convenient approximation tool, and that moreover, sometimes a better approximation can be obtained if we use real values outside the interval [0,1]; it is therefore necessary to describe possible extension of t-norms and t-conorms to such new values. It is reasonable to require that this extension be associative, i.e., that the set of truth value with the corresponding operation form a semigroup. Semigroups have been extensively studied in mathematics. In this short paper, we describe several results from semigroup theory which …

Adaptive Resource Management Via Modular Feedback Control, Ashvin Goel, David Steere, Calton Pu, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A key feature of tomorrow’s operating systems and runtime environments is their ability to adapt. Current state of the art uses an ad-hoc approach to building adaptive software, resulting in systems that can be complex, unpredictable and brittle. We advocate a modular and methodical approach for building adaptive system software based on feedback control. The use of feedback allows a system to automatically adapt to dynamically varying environments and loads, and allows the system designer to utilize the substantial body of knowledge in other engineering disciplines for building adaptive systems. We have developed a toolkit called SWiFT that embodies this …

Feedback Based Dynamic Proportion Allocation For Disk I/O, Dan Revel, Dylan Mcnamee, Calton Pu, David Steere, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper we propose to use feedback control to automatically allocate disk bandwidth in order to match the rate of disk I/O to the real-rate needs of applications. We describe a model for adaptive resource management based on measuring the relative progress of stages in a producer-consumer pipeline. We show how to use prefetching to transform a passive disk into an active data producer whose progress can be controlled via feedback. Our progress-based framework allows the integrated control of multiple resources. The resulting system automatically adapts to varying application rates as well as to varying device latencies.

Combining Wavelets And Hotelling Transforms In Image Query, Sol Neeman Ph.D.

Engineering Studies Faculty Publications and Creative Works

In the "content based" image query, also referred to as "query by example," "similarity retrieval" or "sketch retrieval," the query image is provided by the user either as a sketch of the object, as the output of a scanner or a video camera. Some of the difficulties associated with content based image query are described in [1], e.g. significant difference between the "query image" and the "target image," artifacts and poor resolution of the query image make a straightforward comparison of images using L1 and l2 metrics not effective.

In [2] a new strategy is suggested based on wavelet decomposition …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 15, Number 1, January 1999, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Using Xml To Network Distributed Analytical Instruments: Back To The Future?, Benjamin Jung, Damon Berry, Jane Grimson

Conference Papers

There has been a paradigm shift in medical informatics standards in recent years from the message-oriented approach to a more distributed systems approach. However, despite all the early promise of distributed applications, they haven't been widely adopted in the health domain for various reasons. As a result, despite an increasing need for a standardised distributed solution for analytical laboratory instruments, many implementers of instrument interfaces are still using proprietary serial interfaces which do not support distribution. The emergence of the eXtended Markup Language (XML) specification in 1998 revived the fortunes of the messaged oriented methodology. This paper presents a partial …

Revenue Equivalence Of Leveled Commitment Contracts, Tuomas Sandholm, Yunhong Zhou

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In automated negotiation systems consisting of self-interested agents, contracts have traditionally been binding. Leveled commitment contracts - i.e. contracts where each party can decommit by paying a predetermined penalty - were recently shown to improve expected social welfare even if agents decommit insincerely in Nash equilibrium. Such contracts differ based on whether agents have to declare their decommitting decisions sequentially or simultaneously, and whether or not agents have to pay the penalties if both decommit. For a given contract, these protocols lead to different decommitting thresholds and probabilities. However, this paper shows that, surprisingly, each protocol leads to the same …

The Design And Performance Of A Pluggable Protocols Framework For Object Request Broker Middleware, Fred Kuhns, Carlos O'Ryan, Douglas C. Schmidt, Jeff Parsons

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

To be an effective platform for performance-sensitive real-time and embedded applications, off-the-shelf OO middleware like CORBA, DCOM, and Java RMI must preserve communication-layer quality of service (QoS) properties to applications end-to-end. However, conventional OO middleware interoperability protocols, such as CORBA's GIOP/IIOP or DCOM's MS-RPC, are not well suited for applications that cannot tolerate the message footprint size, latency, and jitter associated with general-purpose messaging and transport protocols. It is essential, therefore, to develop standard plugable protocols frameworks that allow custom messaging and transport protocols to be configured flexibly and used transparently by applications. This paper provides three contributions to research …

Constructing Speculative Demand Functions In Equilibrium Markets, Tuomas Sandholm, Fredrik Ygge

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In computational markets utilizing algorithms that establish a general equilibrium, competitive behavior is usually assumed: each agent makes its demand (supply) decisions so as to maximize its utility (profit) assuming that it has no impact on market prices. However, there is a potential gain from strategic behavior via speculating about others because an agent does affect the market prices, which affect the supply/demand decisions of others, which again affect the market prices that the agent faces. Determining the optimal strategy when the speculator has perfect knowledge about the other agents is a well known problem which has been studied in …

Reliable Communication For Highly Mobile Agents, Amy L. Murphy, Gian Pietro Picco

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

The provision of a reliable communication infrastructure for mobile agents is still an open research issue. The challenge to reliability we address in this work does not come from the possibility of faults, but rather from the mere presence of mobility, which slightly complicates the problem of ensuring the delivery of information even in a fault-free network. For instance, the asynchronous nature of message passing and agent migration may cause situations where messages forever chase a mobile agent that moves frequently from one host to another. Current solutions rely on conventional technologies that either do not provide a solution for …

A Proposal For A High-Performance Active Hardware Architecture, Tilman Wolf

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Current research in Active Networking is focused on developing software architectures and defining funtionality of Execution Environments. While active network systems show superior functionality compared to traditional networks, they only operate at substantially lower link speeds. To increase the acceptance of Active Network in environments where link speeds of several Gb/s are common, we propose a hardware architecture that performs high-speed packet handling while providing the same flexibility as a common software system. The design exploits the independence between data streams for parallel processing. To measure the impact of different design decisions on the performance of the system, we also …

Multiway Range Trees: Scalable Ip Lookup With Fast Updates, Subhash Suri, George Varghese, Piryank Ramesh Warkhede

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Internet routers forward packets based on the destination address of a packet. A packet's address is matched against the destination prefixes stored in the router's forwarding table, and the packet is sent to the output interface determined by the longest matching prefix. While some existing schemes work well for IPv4 addresses, we believe that none of the current schemes scales well to IPv6, especially when fast updates are required. As the Internet evolves into a global communication medium, requiring multiple addresses per user, the switch to longer addresses (e.g. IPv6) seems inevitable despite temporary measures such as network addres translation …

Assembly And Analysis Of Extended Human Genomic Contig Regions, Eric C. Rouchka, David J. States

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

The Human Genome Project (HGP) has led to the deposit of human genomic sequence in the form of sequenced clones into various databases such as the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) (Tateno and Gojobori, 1997), the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Nucleotide Sequence Database (Stoesser, et. al., 1999), and GenBank (Benson, et. al., 1998). Many of these sequenced clones occur in regions where sequencing has taken place either within the same sequencing center or other centers throughout the world. The assembly of extended segments of genomic sequence by looking at overlapping end segments is desired and is currently availabel …

Anmac: A Novel Architectural Framework For Network Management And Control Using Active Networks, Samphel Norden

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In this paper, we propose a new framework called Active Network Management and Control (ANMAC) for the management and control of high speed networks. The software architecture in ANMAC allows routers to execute dynamically loadable kernel plug-in modules which perform diagnostic functions for network management. ANMAC uses mobile probe packets to perform efficient resource reservation (using our novel reservation scheme), facilitate feedback-based congestion control, and to provide "distributed debugging" of complex anomalous network behavior. ANMAC also provides security measures against IP spoofing, and other security attacks. The network manager has the flexibility to install custom scripts in routers for tracking …

Optimal Flow Aggregation, Subhash Suri, Tuomas Sandholm, Priyank Warkhede

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Current IP routers are stateless: they forward individual packets based on the destination address contained in the packet header, but maintain no information about the application or flow to which a packet belongs. This stateless service model works well for best effort datagram delivery, but is grossly inadequate for applications that require quality of service guarantees, such as audio, video, or IP telephony. Maintaining state for each flow is expensive because the number of concurrent flows at a router can be in the hundreds of thousands. Thus, stateful solutions such as Intserv (integrated services) have not been adopted for their …

Graduate Catalog The School Of Computer And Info Sciences 1999-2000, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

School Of Computer And Information Sciences--Master Of Science Degree Programs 1999, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Emediator: A Next Generation Electronic Commerce Server, Tuomas Sandholm

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This paper presents eMediator, a next generation electronic commerce server that demonstrates some ways in which AI, algorithmic support, and game theoretic incentive engineering can jointly improve the efficiency of ecommerce. First, its configurable auction house includes a variety of generalized combinatorial auctions, price setting mechanism, novel bid types, mobile agents, and user support for choosing an auction type. Second, its leveled commitment contract optimizer determines the optimal contract price and decommitting penalties for a variety of leveled commitment contracting protocols, taking into account that rational agents will decommit insincerely in taking into account that rational agents will decommit insincerely …

A Fine-Grained Model For Code Mobility, Cecilia Mascolo, Gian Pietro Picco, Gruia-Catalin Roman

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In this paper, we take the extreme view that every line of code is potentially mobile, i.e., may be duplicated and/or moved from one program context to another on the same host or across the network. Our motivation is to gain a better understanding of the range of constructs and issues facing the designer of a mobile code system, in a setting that is abstract and unconstrained by compilation and performance considerations traditionally associated with programming language design. Incidental to our study is an evaluatoin of the expressive power of Mobile UNITY, a notation and proof logic for mobile computing.

Pattern Matching Techniques And Their Applications To Computational Molecular Biology - A Review, Eric C. Rouchka

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Pattern matching techniques have been useful in solving many problems associated with computer science, including data compression (Chrochemore and Lecroq, 1996), data encryption (RSA Laboratories, 1993), and computer vision (Grimson and Huttenlocher, 1990). In recent years, developments in molecular biology have led to large scale sequencing of genomic DNA. Since this data is being produced in such rapid fasion, tools to analyze DNA segments are desired. The goal here is to discuss various techniques and tools for solving various pattern matching questions in computational biology, including optimal sequence alignment, multiple sequence alignment, and buidling models to describe sequence families using …

A Rapid Development Of Dependable Applications In Ad Hoc Mobility, Amy L. Murphy

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Advances in wireless communication and network computing technologies make possible new kinds of applications involving transient interactions among physical components that move across a wide range of spaces, from the confines of a room to the airspace across an ocean, and require no fixed networking infrastructure to communicate with one another. Such components may come together to form ad hoc networks for the purpose of exchanging information or in order to engage in cooperative task-oriented behaviors. Ad hoc networks are assembled, reshaped and taken apart as components move in and out of communication range; all interactions are transient; computations become …

Terabit Burst Switching Progress Report (12/98-6-99), Jonathan S. Turner

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This report summarizes progress on Washington University's Terabit Burst Switching Project, supported by DARPA and Rome Air Force Laboratory. This project seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of Burst Switching, a new data communication service which can more effectively exploit the large bandwidths becoming available in WDM transmission systems, than conventional communication technologies like ATM and IP-based packet switching. Burst switching systems dynamically assign data bursts to channels in optical data links, using routing information carried in parallel control channels. The project will lead to the construction of a demonstration switch with throughput exceeding 200 Gb/s and scalable to over 10 …

Commbench - A Telecommunications Benchmark For Network Processors, Tilman Wolf, Mark Franklin

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This paper presents a benchmark, CommBench, for use in evaluating and designing telecommunications network processors. The benchmark applications focus on small, computationally intense program kernels typical of the network processor environment. The benchmark is composed of eight programs, four of them oriented towards packet header processing and four oriented towards data stream procesing. The benchmark is defined and various characteristics of the benchmark are presented. These include instruction frequencies, computational complexity, and cache performance. These measured characteristics are compared to the SPEC benchmark which has traditionally been used in evaluating workstation processors. Three examples are presented indicating how CommBench can …

Exploiting Expertise Through Knowledge Networks, Michael N. Huhns, Larry M. Stevens

Faculty Publications

The paper discusses the necessary capabilities of knowledge networks: categorizing (the ability to classify Web pages and other unstructured data automatically); hyperlinking (the ability to add to each item of information appropriate pointers to other relevant items of information); alerting (the automatic notification of users and agents to new information that might be of interest to them); and profiling (the construction of models of users and agents to describe their interests and expertise).

Personal Ontologies, Michael N. Huhns, Larry M. Stevens

Faculty Publications

Corporations can suffer from too much information, and it is often inaccessible, inconsistent, and incomprehensible. The corporate solution entails knowledge management techniques and data warehouses. The paper discusses the use of the personal ontology. The promising approach is an organization scheme based on a model of an office and its information, an ontology, coupled with the proper tools for using it.

Benevolent Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Abdulla Mohamed

Faculty Publications

Some agents roaming the Web these days are benevolent-for example, they may clean up stalled or failed database transactions, or share query results that may have cost substantial resources to acquire and might consume more to share. The Agent Behavior Testbed is a tool for studying the economics of agent altruism. As more agents hit the Internet, benevolence and cooperation will help with overall efficiency and productivity. The paper discusses benevolent agents on the Web.

Networking Embedded Agents, Michael N. Huhns

Faculty Publications

Most of us will soon be managing an intranet in our homes, though we might not realize it. We might also be surprised at the devices that will be networked together. Just about every electrical device now contains one or more microprocessors. Designers typically find this a cost-effective way to provide device functionality, even when much of a processor's power is unnecessary or unused. For example, my coffee maker contains a processor, even though the appliance needn't be very smart and wastes most of its CPU cycles. Nevertheless, it is cheaper to include a general-purpose microprocessor than to incorporate custom …

Negotiating For Goods And Services, Michael N. Huhns, Anuj K. Malhotra

Faculty Publications

Can a negotiation protocol be both fair and “envy-free” when more than two agents are involved? The authors consider how envy-free apportioning is more difficult than fair apportioning, but both can help to manage critical resources. They discuss an envy-free protocol and agent-based Web auctions.

Enterprise Business Objects : Design And Implementation Of A Business Object Framework, Kai-Uwe Schafer

Theses

Software components representing business entities like customer or purchase order introduce a new way of Online Transaction Processing to business applications. Collaborating business objects allow to complete whole business processes as a single distributed transaction, instead of dividing it into queued steps, which sometimes even require user intervention. This IS due to the fact that business objects contain both business data and logic and that they incorporate multiple databases from different vendors and different geographic locations in a single transaction.

Business objects cannot be used as stand-alone components, but require a framework of services that manage persistence, concurrent transactions, and …

Complete Maps Of The Aspect Sensitivity Of Vhf Atmospheric Radar Echoes, R. M. Worthington, R. D. Palmer, S. Fukao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Using the MU radar at Shigaraki, Japan (34.85°N, 136.10°E), we measure the power distribution pattern of VHF radar echoes from the mid-troposphere. The large number of radar beam-pointing directions (320) allows the mapping of echo power from 0° to 40° from zenith, and also the dependence on azimuth, which has not been achieved before at VHF wavelengths. The results show how vertical shear of the horizontal wind is associated with a definite skewing of the VHF echo power distribution, for beam angles as far as 30° or more from zenith, so that aspect sensitivity cannot be assumed negligible at any …