Engineering Commons^™

Adoption Of Variable Rate Technology, Isti Surjandari, Marvin T. Batte

Makara Journal of Technology

Site Specific Management (SSM), which also variously referred to as Variable Rate Technology (VRT), is an emerging technology that enables producers to make more precise input application decisions based on soil and field characteristics. This study analyzes factors influencing the adoption of VRT for fertilizer application for cash grain production in Ohio. Results show that producer and field characteristics might influence the adoption decision on various SSM components differently. It also provides insight as to the sequence of adoption of SSM component technologies and how this sequence might differ for producers of differing characteristics.

Study On Electrochromic Effect Of Polyaniline Film, Lienda Handojo, Junus Simangunsong

Makara Journal of Technology

Study on Electrochromic Effect of Polyaniline Film. The light transmission factor of an electrochromic film changes reversibly with the application of an electrical voltage. Thereby the transparent film becomes reversibly opaque so that it may be used to control light transmission. In this paper the results of a study on polyaniline film as an electrochromic active material is reported. Polyaniline looks yellow transparent in the reduced state and turns to green-blue at its oxidized state. The electrochromic device considered in this paper was fabricated in planar configuration of ITO glass − polyaniline film − electrolyte − ITO glass which involved …

Role Of K3-Xhxpw12o40 As A Catalyst In Selective Catalysis Of Methylamine Synthesis From Ammonia And Methanol, Mohammad Nasikin

Makara Journal of Technology

Role of K3-xHxPW12O40 as a Catalyst in Selective Catalysis of Methylamine Synthesis from Ammonia and Methanol. Synthesize of methylamine from methanol and ammonia was studied in this research work using a partially potassium heteropoly salt (K3-xHxPW12O40 abbreviated as KPW) as a catalyst. KPW was prepared from heteropoly salt and potassium carbonate by using ion exchange method. The reaction was conducted at 600 ~ 800K and at the atmospheric pressure. Reactor used was a continue flow reactor with W/F=0,1~0,9g-kat.mnt./cc.Concentration of reactants and products were analyzed by gas chromathography while catalyst structure was observed by XRD (X-ray diffraction). Isothermal adsorption method was …

Identification Of The First Limiting Amino Acid In Cooked Polished White Rice Fed To Weanling Holtzman Rats, Mellova Masrizal, J. B. Lamb

Makara Journal of Technology

Forty-eight male weanling rats (91 g) were utilized to study the nutritional adequacy of cooked polished white rice. Rats were individually housed, and allowed ad libitum access to one of six treatment diets. Treatment diets were 1) polished white rice plus 10% casein and 0.18% methionine, CAS, 2) polished white rice, WHR, 3) polished white rice plus 0.45% lysine, LYS, 4) polished white rice plus0.40% methionine, MET, 5) polished white rice plus 0.30% threonine, THR, 6) polished white rice plus 0.45% lysine, 0.40% methionine, and 0.40% threonine, COM. Rice was cooked prior diet formulation using a 3 to 1 ratio …

Application Of Tabu Search Algorithm In Job Shop Scheduling, Betrianis Betrianis, Putu Teguh Aryawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Application of Tabu Search Algorithm in Job Shop Scheduling. Tabu Search is one of local search methods which is used to solve the combinatorial optimization problem. This method aimed is to make the searching process of the best solution in a complex combinatorial optimization problem(np hard), ex : job shop scheduling problem, became more effective, in a less computational time but with no guarantee to optimum solution.In this paper, tabu search is used to solve the job shop scheduling problem consists of 3 (three) cases, which is ordering package of September, October and November with objective of minimizing makespan (Cmax). …

Alum And Pacl Coagulation, Winarni Winarni

Makara Journal of Technology

Alum and PACl Coagulation. Coagulation occurs by interaction of aluminum hydrolysis products with the contaminant such as colloidal particles. It is necessary to consider the different aluminum species that may present during specific conditions, since the mechanism of turbidity removal is dependent upon them. PACl consists of preformed aluminum hydrolysis products, which are stable below pH 6 and less sensitive than in situ hydrolysis product, alum. The benefits of PACl relative to alum have been investigated as a function of pH and Al dosages. Specific conditions and aluminum species that exist during the certain mechanisms of coagulation are discussed. Results …

The Selection Of Materials For Roller Chains From The Perspective Of Manufacturing Process, Rahmat Saptono

Makara Journal of Technology

The selection of materials for an engineering component is not only requested by its design function and shape, but also the sequence through which it is manufactured. The manufacturing operation of roller chains involves drawing and trimming processes aimed at producing semi-finished chain drives component with a well-standardized dimension. In addition to final combination of properties required by design constraints, the ability of materials to be formed into a desired shape and geometry without failure is also critical. The objective of materials selection should therefore involve additional attributes that are not typically accommodated by the standard procedure of materials selection. …

An Economic Analysis Of Variable Rate Technology, Isti Surjandari, Marvin T. Batte, Mario J. Miranda

Makara Journal of Technology

Variable Rate Technology (VRT) offers an opportunity to improve production efficiency by allowing input applications to fluctuate in response to spatial variations in soil characteristics and nutrient levels. Society may also benefit from reduced negative externalities, such as surface and groundwater contamination, from input applications. Using a dynamic spatial model, this study examines how the interaction among variability, spatial autocorrelation, and mean level of soil fertility affects optimal sampling density and the economic gains from VRT. VRT was found to be profitable under selected conditions, and the optimal grid size will vary with these conditions. In the case where variability …

Uml Extensions For Real-Time Control Systems, Qimin Gao, Lyndon Brown, Luiz Fernando Capretz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The use of object oriented techniques and methodologies for the design of real-time control systems appears to be necessary in order to deal with the increasing complexity of such systems. Recently many object-oriented methods have been used for the modeling and design of real-time control systems. We believe that an approach that integrates the advancements in both object modeling and design methods, and real-time scheduling theory is the key to successful use of object oriented technology for real-time software. Surprisingly several past approaches to integrate the two either restrict the object models, or do not allow sophisticated schedulability analysis techniques. …

Using Dynamic Optimization For Control Of Real Rate Cpu Resource Management Applications, Varin Vahia, Ashvin Goel, David Steere, Jonathan Walpole, Molly H. Shor

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper we design a proportional-period optimal controller for allocating CPU to real rate multimedia applications on a general-purpose computer system. We model this computer system problem in to state space form. We design a controller based on dynamic optimization LQR tracking techniques to minimize short term and long term time deviation from the current time stamp and also CPU usage. Preliminary results on an experimental set up are encouraging.

Experimental Evaluation Of Constraint Automata Solutions To The Genome Map Assembly Problem, Viswanathan Ramanathan

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

DNA sequences are really huge having a length of around 3-4 million base pairs. Hence, each DNA sequence has to be cut down into small fragments using restriction enzymes. Once analyzed, these fragments have to be arranged or assembled into a single set of sequences called a genome map, to obtain the original DNA sequence. This problem is called the Genome Map Assembly Problem. A Constraint-Automata Solution was proposed for this purpose [11]. This thesis improves and implements the Constraint-Automata Solution to find all the possible solutions. The Modified Constraint-Automata Solution was implemented in Perl and executed on parts of …

Constraint Datalog In Trust Management, Scot Anderson

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Constraint Datalog holds an increasing role in Trust Management. We discuss several Trust Management systems and give a description of the environment and requirements for Trust Management. Constraint Datalog using addition constraints and approximation theory provides an expressive semantic with which to describe security policies for credentials, delegations and authorizations. Approximation theory allows halting in Constraint Datalog over addition constraints. We use the decision problem of Diophantine equations to show that Constraint Datalog over addition constraints is complete. Combining these two concepts provides an approximately complete, safe language. The problem of constant additions to closed languages provides reasons for using …

Creating A Virtual Store Image, P. Katerattanakul, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A study was conducted to describe some of the factors that needed to be considered for a virtual store. It was revealed that the growth of e-commerce and online businesses has made it essential to understand the critical attributes of image for a virtual store. Store image was described as the way in which the store was defined by customers and several studies. The study compiled 77 designs and features into a list used to construct a survey. Four hundred and twenty-seven potential customers were requested to rate the significance of each item on the list. The information gathered identified …

A Fit-Gap Analysis Of E-Business Curricula Vs. Industry Need, S. Davis, Keng Siau, K. Dhenuvakonda

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The alignment of e-business academic programs with the e-business market is examined using a fit-gap analysis. Two high-end business schools, ranked independently by US News and Business Week, were chosen as sample. A total of 391 different e-commerce courses were identified, which were classified into 24 categories. Out of these, there are two broad and distinct tracks in e-business curricula, with one track paving the way for an e-business career with a prevailing focus on the business aspect and the other track leading to a career focusing on technology and Web-based systems development. Industry demand for e-business professionals and the …

Design And Evaluation Of Processes For Fuel Fabrication: Quarterly Progress Report #9, Georg F. Mauer

Fuels Campaign (TRP)

The ninth quarter of the project covered the following:

• Mr. Richard Silva continued the development of a simulation model with a Waelischmiller hot cell robot. Rich will continue to develop detailed 3-D process simulation models as his M.Sc. thesis project.

• A paper on hot cell robotics was presented at the ANS Winter Annual Meeting and published in the ANS 2003 conference proceedings.

• Further advances on Concepts and Methods for Vision-Based Hot Cell Supervision and control, focusing on rule-based object recognition (Ph.D. Student Jae-Kyu Lee)

• Graduate student Jamil Renno created simulations of more complex fuel manufacturing and …

Hardware-Based Dynamic Storage Management For High-Performance And Real-Time Systems, Victor H. Lai

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Most modern application programs depend on dynamic storage management to handle allocation and deallocation of memory. Unfortunately conventional software-based storage managers are relatively low performance due to the latency associated with accessing DRAM memory. Consequently, developers of programs with very specialized memory requirements, such a real-time systems, often choose to manage memory manually at the application-code level. This practice can greatly increase performance but it can also significantly complicate the development process. In this thesis we present the design, VHDL implementation and performance evaluation of hardware-based storage manager called the Optimized Hardware Estranged Buddy System (OHEBS). The OHEBS implements four …

Infrastructure For Performance Tuning Mpi Applications, Kathryn Marie Mohror

Dissertations and Theses

Clusters of workstations are becoming increasingly popular as a low-budget alternative for supercomputing power. In these systems, message-passing is often used to allow the separate nodes to act as a single computing machine. Programmers of such systems face a daunting challenge in understanding the performance bottlenecks of their applications. This is largely due to the vast amount of performance data that is collected, and the time and expertise necessary to use traditional parallel performance tools to analyze that data.

The goal of this project is to increase the level of performance tool support for message-passing application programmers on clusters of …

Minimality Of Solution Update In Conflict Resolution: An Application Of Revision Programming To Von Neumann-Morgenstern Approach, Inna Pivkina, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In a 1944 book that started game theory (and mathematical approach to conflict resolution), von Neumann and Morgenstern proposed the notion of a solution. When the situation changes, the old solution is often no longer a solution, so it needs to be updated. In practical applications, it is usually desirable to keep the solution change "minimal" in some reasonable sense. We show that for a seemingly straightforward formalization of this minimality, checking whether a change is minimal is NP-hard. We also show that by representing the notion of a solution as a collection of revision rules, we can produce a …

Turning An Articulated Truck On A Spreadsheet, Jim Mcgovern

Articles

This paper describes how a standard office spreadsheet application was used to set up an engineering model for the simulation and analysis of the turning of articulated trucks

Vector Dissipativity Theory For Discrete-Time Large-Scale Nonlinear Dynamical Systems, Wassim M. Haddad, Qing Hui, Vijaysekhar Chellaboina, Sergey Nersesov

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In analyzing large-scale systems, it is often desirable to treat the overall system as a collection of interconnected subsystems. Solution properties of the large-scale system are then deduced from the solution properties of the individual subsystems and the nature of the system interconnections. In this paper, we develop an analysis framework for discrete-time large-scale dynamical systems based on vector dissipativity notions. Specifically, using vector storage functions and vector supply rates, dissipativity properties of the discrete-time composite large-scale system are shown to be determined from the dissipativity properties of the subsystems and their interconnections. In particular, extended Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov conditions, in terms …

Storage Coalescing, Delvin C. Defoe

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Typically, when a program executes, it creates objects dynamically and requests storage for its objects from the underlying storage allocator. The patterns of such requests can potentially lead to internal fragmentation as well as external fragmentation. Internal fragmentation occurs when the storage allocator allocates a contiguous block of storage to a program, but the program uses only a fraction of that block to satisfy a request. The unused portion of that block is wasted since the allocator cannot use it to satisfy a subsequent allocation request. External fragmentation, on the other hand, concerns chunks of memory that reside between allocated …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 20, Number 2, October 2003, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Sensitivity Analysis Of Neural Control, Chin-Wang Tao, Hung T. Nguyen, J. T. Yao, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

We provide explicit formulas that describe how sensitive the resulting signal of a neural network is to the measurement errors with which we measure the inputs.

Real-Time Algorithms For Statistical Analysis Of Interval Data, Berlin Wu, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

When we have only interval ranges [xi] of sample values x1,...,xn, what is the interval [V] of possible values for the variance V of these values? There are quadratic time algorithms for computing the exact lower bound V- on the variance of interval data, and for computing V+ under reasonable easily verifiable conditions. The problem is that in real life, we often make additional measurements. In traditional statistics, if we have a new measurement result, we can modify the value of variance in constant time. In contrast, previously known algorithms for processing interval data required that, once a new data …

A New Differential Formalism For Interval-Valued Functions And Its Potential Use In Detecting 1-D Landscape Features, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen, Gracaliz Pereira Dimuro, Antonio Carlos Da Rocha Costa, Benjamin Rene Callejas Bedregal

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical problems, it is important to know the slope (derivative) dy/dx of one quantity y with respect to some other quantity x. For example, different 1-D landscape features can be characterized by different values of the derivative dy/dx, where y is an altitude, and x is a horizontal coordinate. In practice, we often know the values of y(x) for different x with interval uncertainty. How can we then find the set of possible values of the slope? In this paper, we formulate this problem of differentiating interval-values functions in precise terms, and we describe an (asymptotically) optimal algorithm …

Fast Multiplication Of Interval Matrices (Interval Version Of Strassen's Algorithm), Martine Ceberio, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Strassen's algorithm multiplies two numerical matrices fast, but when applied to interval matrices, leads to excess width. We use Rump's interval arithmetic to propose an interval version of Strassen's algorithm whose only excess width is in second order terms.

Separating Components In Interval-Valued Images, Marilton Sanchotene De Aguiar, Gracaliz Pereira Dimuro, Antonio Carlos Da Rocha Costa, Andrei Finkelstein, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many applications of imaging, we would like to know whether we have an image of a single-component object or an image of an object that consists of several components. Many algorithms have been designed to solve this problem; however, these algorithms are all heuristic. Often, according to some reasonable methods, we have a single component, while according to some other equally reasonable methods, the same image have multiple components. It is desirable to produce reliable methods, so that if a method claims that there are multiple components, then it should mean that the observed data is incompatible with the …

Novel Approaches To Numerical Software With Result Verification, Laurent Granvilliers, Vladik Kreinovich, Norbert Mueller

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Traditional design of numerical software with result verification is based on the assumption that we know the algorithm f(x_1,...,xn) that transforms input x1,...,xn into the output y=f(x1,...,xn), and we know the intervals of possible values of the inputs. Many real-life problems go beyond this paradigm. In some cases, we do not have an algorithm f, we only know some relation (constraints) between xi and y. In other cases, in addition to knowing the intervals [xi], we may know some relations between xi; we may have some information about the probabilities of different values of xi, and we may know the …

Greedy Algorithms For Optimizing Multivariate Horner Schemes, Martine Ceberio, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For univariate polynomials f(x1), Horner scheme provides the fastest way to compute the value. For multivariate polynomials, several different version of Horner scheme are possible; it is not clear which of them is optimal. In this paper, we propose a greedy algorithm that will hopefully lead to good computation times.

A univariate Horner scheme has another advantage: if the value x1 is known with uncertainty, and we are interested in the resulting uncertainty in f(x1), then Horner scheme leads to a better estimate for this uncertainty than many other ways of computing f(x1). The second greedy algorithm that we propose …

Interval Approach To Phase Measurements Can Lead To Arbitrarily Complex Sets - A Theorem And Ways Around It, Bharat C. Mulupuru, Vladik Kreinovich, Roberto Osegueda

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

We are often interested in phases of complex quantities; e.g., in non-destructive testing of aerospace structures, important information comes from phases of Eddy current and magnetic resonance.

For each measurement, we have an upper bound D on the measurement error dx=X-x, so when the measurement result is X, we know that the actual value x is in [X-D,X+D]. Often, we have no information about probabilities of different values, so this interval is our only information about x. When the accuracy is not sufficient, we perform several repeated measurements, and conclude that x belongs to the intersection of the corresponding intervals. …