Engineering Commons^™

Robotic Goal-Based Semi-Autonomous Algorithms Improve Remote Operator Performance, Shawn Hunt

Wayne State University Dissertations

The focus of this research was to determine if reliable goal-based semi-autonomous algorithms are able to improve remote operator performance or not. Two semi-autonomous algorithms were examined: visual servoing and visual dead reckoning. Visual servoing uses computer vision techniques to generate movement commands while using internal properties of the camera combined with sensor data that tell the robot its current position based on its previous position. This research shows that the semi-autonomous algorithms developed increased performance in a measurable way. An analysis of tracking algorithms for visual servoing was conducted and tracking algorithms were enhanced to make them as robust …

Unified Role Assignment Framework For Wireless Sensor Networks, Manish Mahendra Kumar Kochhal

Wayne State University Dissertations

Wireless sensor networks are made possible by the continuing improvements in embedded sensor, VLSI, and wireless radio technologies. Currently, one of the important challenges in sensor networks is the design of a systematic network management framework that allows localized and collaborative resource control uniformly across all application services such as sensing, monitoring, tracking, data aggregation, and routing.

The research in wireless sensor networks is currently oriented toward a cross-layer network abstraction that supports appropriate fine or course grained resource controls for energy efficiency. In that regard, we have designed a unified role-based service paradigm for wireless sensor networks. We pursue …

Filter Scheduling Function Model In Internet Server: Resource Configuration, Performance Evaluation And Optimal Scheduling, Minghua Xu

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

FILTER SCHEDULING FUNCTION MODEL IN INTERNET SERVER:

RESOURCE CONFIGURATION, PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND

OPTIMAL SCHEDULING

by

MINGHUA XU

August 2010

Advisor: Dr. Cheng-Zhong Xu

Major: Computer Engineering

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Internet traffic often exhibits a structure with rich high-order statistical properties like selfsimilarity

and long-range dependency (LRD). This greatly complicates the problem of

server performance modeling and optimization. On the other hand, popularity of Internet

has created numerous client-server or peer-to-peer applications, with most of them,

such as online payment, purchasing, trading, searching, publishing and media streaming,

being timing sensitive and/or financially critical. The scheduling policy in Internet servers …

Augmented Reality Navigation Interfaces Improve Human Performance In End-Effector Controlled Telerobotics, Keshav Chintamani

Wayne State University Dissertations

On the International Space Station (ISS) and space shuttles, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has used robotic manipulators extensively to perform payload handling and maintenance tasks. Teleoperating robots require expert skills and optimal performance is crucial to mission completion and crew safety. Degradation in performance is observed when manual control is mediated through remote camera views, resulting in poor end-effector navigation quality and extended task completion times. This thesis explores the application of three-dimensional augmented reality (AR) interfaces specifically designed to improve human performance during end-effector controlled teleoperations. A modular telerobotic test bed was developed for this purpose …

Transmitter Optimization In Multiuser Wireless Systems With Quality Of Service Constraints, Danda B. Rawat

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

In this dissertation, transmitter adaptation for optimal resource allocation in wireless communication systems are investigated. First, a multiple access channel model is considered where many transmitters communicate with a single receiver. This scenario is a basic component of a. wireless network in which multiple users simultaneously access the resources of a wireless service provider. Adaptive algorithms for transmitter optimization to meet Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements in a distributed manner are studied. Second, an interference channel model is considered where multiple interfering transmitter-receiver pairs co-exist such that a given transmitter communicates with its intended receiver in the presence of interference from other …

Mining Shared Decision Trees Between Datasets, Qian Han

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This thesis studies the problem of mining models, patterns andstructures (MPS) shared by two datasets (applications), a well understood dataset, denoted as WD, and a poorly understood one, denoted as PD. Combined with users' familiarity with WD, the shared MPS can help users better understand PD, since they capture similarities between WD and PD. Moreover, the knowledge on such similarities can enable the users to focus attention on analyzing the unique behavior of PD. Technically, this thesis focuses on the shared decision tree mining problem. In order to provide a view on the similarities between WD and PD, this thesis …

Development Of A Remote Medical Image Browsing And Interaction System, Wei Ye

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis a new capability - remote image browsing built upon our existing music telepresence platform is introduced. The implementation of this new image capability has two parts: one part is the local image viewing and the other part is distributed image-view interaction. Image viewing part is realized using the foundation of Linux GTK+ library. Most popular lossless and lossy image coding formats such as GIF, PNG, BMP and JPEG are supported currently. Image viewing part also provides several image operations such as: zoom in and zoom out, image information display and moreover users can select their own regions …

A Study Of Evolvable Hardware Adaptive Oscillators For Augmentation Of Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Altitude Control, Bharath Venugopal Chengappa

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The control of insect-sized flapping-wing micro air vehicles is fraught with difficulties. Even when adequate control laws are known, limits on computational precision and floating-point processing can render it difficult to field implementations that provide sufficiently accurate and precise vehicle body placement and pose. Augmentation of an existing altitude controller with an Evolvable Adaptive Hardware (EAH) oscillator has been proposed as a means for an on-board altitude controller to correct control precision and accuracy difficulties during normal flight. This thesis examines a range of setting of the internal learning algorithms for the EAH oscillator and provides empirical evidence about which …

Patterns Of Dipeptide Usage For Gene Prediction, Dayananda Sagar Gangadharaiah

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As the number of complete genomes that have been sequenced continues to grow rapidly, the identification of genes regions in DNA sequence data remains one of the most important open problems in bio-informatics. Improving the accuracy of such gene finding tools by a small percentage would affect accurate predictions of many genes of an organism (Zhu et al., 2010). This thesis presents a novel approach for identifying coding regions of a genome based on dipeptide usage.

The patterns in dipeptide usage are used to discriminate between coding and non-coding DNA regions. Two sample T-tests are used as tests of significance …

Privacy-Preserving Attribute-Based Access Control In A Grid, Sang Mork Park

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A Grid community is composed of diverse stake holders, such as data resource providers, computing resource providers, service providers, and the users of the resources and services. In traditional security systems for Grids, most of the authentication and authorization mechanisms are based on the user's identity or the user's classification information. If the authorization mechanism is based on the user's identity, fine-grained access control policies can be implemented but the scalability of the security system would be limited. If the authorization mechanism is based on the user's classification, the scalability can be improved but the fine-grained access control policies may …

Prognosis: A Wearable System For Health Monitoring Of People At Risk, Alexandros A. Pantelopoulos

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Wearable Health Monitoring Systems (WHMS) have drawn a lot of attention from the research community and the industry during the last decade. The development of such systems has been motivated mainly by increasing healthcare costs and by the fact that the world population is ageing. In addition to that, RandD in WHMS has been propelled by recent technological advances in miniature bio-sensing devices, smart textiles, microelectronics and wireless communications techniques. These portable health systems can comprise various types of small physiological sensors, which enable continuous monitoring of a variety of human vital signs and other physiological parameters such as heart …

Evolution And Analysis Of Neuromorphic Flapping-Wing Flight Controllers, Sanjay Kumar Boddhu

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The control of insect-sized flapping-wing micro air vehicles is attracting increasing interest. Solution of the problem requires construction of a controller that is physically small, extremely power efficient, and capable. In addition, process variation in the creation of very small wings and armatures as well as the potential for accumulating damage and wear over the course of a vehicle's lifetime suggest that controllers be able to self-adapt to the specific and possibly changing nature of the vehicles in which they are embedded. Previous work with Evolvable Hardware Continuous Time Recurrent Neural Networks (CTRNNs) as applied to adaptive control of walking …

A Novel Synergistic Diagnosis Methodology For Identifying Abnormalities In Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Videos, Alexandros Karargyris

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is a new technology that allows medical personnel to view the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa. It is a swallowable miniature capsule device the size of a pill that transmits thousands of screenshots of the digestive tract to a wearable receiver. When the procedure finishes the video is uploaded to a workstation for viewing. Capsule Endoscopy has been established as a tool to identify various gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, such as blood-based abnormalities, polyps, ulcers, Crohn's disease in the small intestine, where the classical endoscopy is not regularly used.

As of 2009 the market is dominated by Given Imaging …

Design And Development Of A Wireless Data Acquisition System For Fall Detection, Anoop Hanchinamane Ramakrishna

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

With the mortality rate of the elderly on the rise due to fall related incidents, fall detection has become an important entity in the geriatric health care sector. The study conducted in this thesis involved the design and development of a Wireless Data Acquisition System (WDAS) with Bluetooth capabilities interfaced to pulse width modulated gyroscopic sensors. Each sensor used has a reference output pulse width which changes when rotated about its sensitive axis.Part of the effort involves the design and development of two versions of printed circuit boards for the application. Each board includes a Parallax Propeller micro- controller in …

Algorithmic Techniques Employed In The Quantification And Characterization Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Data, Paul Edward Anderson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolomics is a developing research field with broad applicability, including the identification of biomarkers associated with pathophysiologic changes, sample classification based on the mechanism of toxicity, and clinical diagnosis. Intrinsic to these applications is the need for statistical and computational techniques to facilitate the associated data analysis. Further, a typical 1H NMR spectrum of pure proteins, biofluids, or tissue may contain thousands of resonances (i.e., peaks), thus, a pure visual inspection is insufficient to fully utilize the spectral information.

Common practice within the NMR-based metabolomics community is to evaluate and validate novel algorithms on empirical …

Semantic Provenance: Modeling, Querying, And Application In Scientific Discovery, Satya Sanket Sahoo

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Provenance metadata, describing the history or lineage of an entity, is essential for ensuring data quality, correctness of process execution, and computing trust values. Traditionally, provenance management issues have been dealt with in the context of workflow or relational database systems. However, existing provenance systems are inadequate to address the requirements of an emerging set of applications in the new eScience or Cyberinfrastructure paradigm and the Semantic Web. Provenance in these applications incorporates complex domain semantics on a large scale with a variety of uses, including accurate interpretation by software agents, trustworthy data integration, reproducibility, attribution for commercial or legal …

Visualization Of Complex Unsteady 3d Flow: Flowing Seed Points And Dynamically Evolving Seed Curves With Applications To Vortex Visualization In Cfd Simulations Of Ultra Low Reynolds Number Insect Flight, Christopher M. Koehler

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Three dimensional integration-based geometric visualization is a very powerful tool for analyzing flow phenomena in time dependent vector fields. Streamlines in particular have many perceptual benefits due to their ability to provide a snapshot of the vectors near key features of complex 3D flows at any instant in time. However, streamlines do not lend themselves well to animation. Subtle changes in the vector field at each time step lead to increasingly large changes between streamlines with the same seed point the longer they are integrated. Path lines, which show particle trajectories over time suffer from similar problems when attempting to …

Real-Time 3-D Reconstruction By Means Of Structured Light Illumination, Kai Liu

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Structured light illumination (SLI) is the process of projecting a series of light striped patterns such that, when viewed at an angle, a digital camera can reconstruct a 3-D model of a target object's surface. But by relying on a series of time multiplexed patterns, SLI is not typically associated with video applications. For this purpose of acquiring 3-D video, a common SLI technique is to drive the projector/camera pair at very high frame rates such that any object's motion is small over the pattern set. But at these high frame rates, the speed at which the incoming video can …

Protein Adsorption On And Swelling Of Polyelectrolyte Brushes: A Simultaneous Ellipsometry-Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study, Eva Bittrich, Keith B. Rodenhausen Jr., Klaus-Jochen Eichhorn, Tino Hofmann, Mathias Schubert, Manfred Stamm, Petra Uhlmann

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

With a coupled spectroscopic ellipsometry-quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) experimental setup, quantitative information can be obtained about the amount of buffer components (water molecules and ions) coupled to a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brush surface in swelling and protein adsorption processes. PAA Guiselin brushes with more than one anchoring point per single polymer chain were prepared. For the swollen brushes a high amount of buffer was found to be coupled to the brush-solution interface in addition to the content of buffer inside the brush layer. Upon adsorption of bovine serum albumin the further incorporation of buffer molecules into the protein-brush …

Tob1 Is A Constitutively Expressed Repressor Of Liver Regeneration, Karen J. Ho, Nhue L. Do, Hasan H. Otu, Martin J. Dib, Xianghui Ren, Keiichi Enjyoji, Simon C. Robson, Ernest F. Terwilliger, Seth J. Karp

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

How proliferative and inhibitory signals integrate to control liver regeneration remains poorly understood. A screen for antiproliferative factors repressed after liver injury identified transducer of ErbB2.1 (Tob1), a member of the PC3/BTG1 family of mito-inhibitory molecules as a target for further evaluation. Tob1 protein decreases after 2/3 hepatectomy in mice secondary to posttranscriptional mechanisms. Deletion of Tob1 increases hepatocyte proliferation and accelerates restoration of liver mass after hepatectomy. Down-regulation of Tob1 is required for normal liver regeneration, and Tob1 controls hepatocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. Tob1 associates directly with both Caf1 and cyclindependent kinase (Cdk) 1 and …

Iterative Signal Processing In Communications, Christian Schlegel, Peter Hoeher, Owe Axelsson, Lance C. Pérez

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Iterative signal processing in communications has experienced an explosive rise in popularity in recent years. The catalytic origins of this paradigm-shifting new philosophy among communications experts can be traced to the invention of turbo coding, and the subsequent rediscovery of low-density parity check (LDPC) coding, both in the field of error control coding. Both systems rely on iterative decoding algorithms to achieve their astounding performance. However, iterative signal processing is not confined to the decoding of error control codes and rather quickly spread to many other possible applications. The purpose of this special issue is to examine the concept of …

The Manifestation Of Stopping Sets And Absorbing Sets As Deviations On The Computation Trees Of Ldpc Codes, Eric T. Psota, Lance C. Perez

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The error mechanisms of iterative message-passing decoders for low-density parity-check codes are studied. A tutorial review is given of the various graphical structures, including trapping sets, stopping sets, and absorbing sets that are frequently used to characterize the errors observed in simulations of iterative decoding of low-density parity-check codes. The connections between trapping sets and deviations on computation trees are explored in depth using the notion of problematic trapping sets in order to bridge the experimental and analytic approaches to these error mechanisms. A new iterative algorithm for finding low-weight problematic trapping sets is presented and shown to be capable …

Mimo Self-Encoded Spread Spectrum With Iterative Detection Over Rayleigh Fading Channels, Shichuan Ma, Lim Nguyen, Won Mee Jang, Yaoqing (Lamar) Yang

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Self-encoded spread spectrum (SESS) is a novel communication technique that derives its spreading code from the randomness of the source stream rather than using conventional pseudorandom noise (PN) code. In this paper, we propose to incorporate SESS in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems as a means to combat against fading effects in wireless channels. Orthogonal space-time block-coded MIMO technique is employed to achieve spatial diversity, and the inherent temporal diversity in SESS modulation is exploited with iterative detection. Simulation results demonstrate that MIMO-SESS can effectively mitigate the channel fading effect such that the system can achieve a bit error rate of …

Integrated Circuit Implementation For A Gan Hfet Driver Circuit, Bo Wang, Jason D. Bakos, Antonello Monti

Faculty Publications

This paper presents the design and implementation of a new integrated circuit (IC) that is suitable for driving the new generation of high-frequency GaN HFETs. The circuit, based upon a resonant switching transition technique, is first briefly described and then discussed in detail, focusing on the design process practical considerations. A new level-shifter topology, used to generate the zero and negative gate-source voltages required to switch the GaN HFET, is introduced and analyzed. The experimental measurements included in this paper report the results of tests carried out on an IC designed and fabricated as part of the multiproject die in …

Genome3d: A Viewer-Model Framework For Integrating And Visualizing Multi-Scale Epigenomic Information Within A Three-Dimensional Genome, Thomas M. Asbury, Matt Mitman, Jijun Tang, W. Jim Zheng

Faculty Publications

Background
New technologies are enabling the measurement of many types of genomic and epigenomic information at scales ranging from the atomic to nuclear. Much of this new data is increasingly structural in nature, and is often difficult to coordinate with other data sets. There is a legitimate need for integrating and visualizing these disparate data sets to reveal structural relationships not apparent when looking at these data in isolation.

Results
We have applied object-oriented technology to develop a downloadable visualization tool, Genome3D, for integrating and displaying epigenomic data within a prescribed three-dimensional physical model of the human genome. In order …

When Discrete Meets Differential: Assessing The Stability Of Structure From Small Motion, Wen-Yan Lin, Geok-Choo Tan, Loong-Fah Cheong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We provide a theoretical proof showing that under a proportional noise model, the discrete eight point algorithm behaves similarly to the differential eight point algorithm when the motion is small. This implies that the discrete algorithm can handle arbitrarily small motion for a general scene, as long as the noise decreases proportionally with the amount of image motion and the proportionality constant is small enough. This stability result extends to all normalized variants of the eight point algorithm. Using simulations, we show that given arbitrarily small motions and proportional noise regime, the normalized eight point algorithms outperform their differential counterparts …

Hardware Certification For Real-Time Safety-Critical Systems: State Of The Art, Andrew J. Kornecki, Janusz Zalewski

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Daytona Beach

This paper discusses issues related to the RTCA document DO-254 Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware and its consequences for hardware certification. In particular, problems related to circuits’ compliance with DO-254 in avionics and other industries are considered. Extensive literature review of the subject is given, including current views on and experiences of chip manufacturers and EDA industry with qualification of hardware design tools, including formal approaches to hardware verification. Some results of the authors’ own study on tool qualification are presented.

An Investigation Of Multiple Integration Techniques For Information Systems: A Model For Integrating Data Warehousing, Erp, And Soa In Practice, Jessie Burns

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

This study addressed issues associated with implementing multiple data integrators. The process included implementing the same data integrator multiple times or implementing multiple different data integrators. It was shown that single data integrators implementations were failing at high rates. Environments were complicated because there were more acquisitions and mergers now than in the past, companies were required to be competitive while implementations were taking place, and possibly had short implementation time frames.

The main goal of this study was to develop an agile, sturdy, and rigorous model that addressed the needs of companies that found themselves in situations where they …

Differential Power Analysis Resistant Hardware Implementation Of The Rsa Cryptosystem, Kekli̇k Alpteki̇n Bayam, Berna Örs

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, RSA cryptosystem was implemented on hardware, then modified to be resistant against Differential Power Analysis attacks by using the Randomized Table Window method. This is the first FPGA realization of an algorithmic countermeasure which makes RSA resistant to power analysis attacks. Modular exponentiation is realized with Montgomery Modular Multiplication. The Montgomery modular multiplier has been realized with Carry-Save Adders. Carry-Save representation has been used throughout the RSA encryption algorithm. The primarily implemented RSA architecture prevents the extraction of the secret key using Simple Power Analysis attacks. When comparing the protected implementation with the unprotected, it can be …

Experimental Studies Of A Scaled-Down Tsr-Based Svc And Tcr-Based Svc Prototype For Voltage Regulation And Compensation, Ayetül Gelen, Tankut Yalçinöz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, prototypes of two shunt flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices, a thyristor switched reactor (TSR)-based static VAr compensator (SVC) and a thyristor controlled reactor (TCR)-based static VAr compensator- have been developed. The design and testing of both a TSR-based SVC and a TCR-based SVC are accomplished in the Power Systems Research Laboratory of Nigde University. The TSR-based SVC and TCR-based SVC devices are studied in three-bus and single machine infinite bus systems for three-phase static load conditions. The effects of TSR-based SVC and TCR-based SVC devices on load voltages are also analyzed. Experimental results show that significant …