Engineering Commons^™

Using Learning Automata For Multi-Objective Generation Dispatch Considering Cost, Voltage Stability And Power Losses, Ari̇f Karakaş, Celal Kocatepe, Fangxing Li

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The economical and secure operation of power systems has significant importance. Due to technical limitations, the best economical operation point is not always the desired operating point for system stability or power losses. In this study, first, the most economical operating point is obtained by solving the non-linear, network-constrained economic dispatch problem using a genetic algorithm. Then, the system voltage stability is analyzed to compare the different possible operating points using V-Q sensitivity analysis. The power losses, obtained for various operating points, are considered the third objective function. Finally, these 3 aspects of cost, voltage stability, and power losses are …

Change Detection Without Difference Image Computation Based On Multiobjective Cost Function Optimization, Turgay Çeli̇k, Zeki̇ Yetgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, we propose a novel method for unsupervised change detection in multi-temporal satellite images by using multiobjective cost function optimization via genetic algorithm (GA). The spatial image grid of the input multi-temporal satellite images is divided into two distinct regions, representing ``changed'' and ``unchanged'' regions between input images, via the intermediate change detection mask produced by the GA. The dissimilarity of pixels of ``changed'' regions and similarity of pixels of ``unchanged'' regions between input multi-temporal images are measured using image quality metrics which consider correlation, spectral distortion, radiometric distortion, and contrast distortion. The contextual information of each pixel …

Statistical Significance Based Graph Cut Regularization For Medical Image Segmentation, Sema Candemi̇r, Yusuf Si̇nan Akgül

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Graph cut minimization formulates the image segmentation as a linear combination of problem constraints. The salient constraints of the computer vision problems are data and smoothness which are combined through a regularization parameter. The main task of the regularization parameter is to determine the weight of the smoothness constraint on the graph energy. However, the difference in functional forms of the constraints forces the regularization weight to balance the inharmonious relationship between the constraints. This paper proposes a new idea: bringing the data and smoothness terms on the common base decreases the difference between the constraint functions. Therefore the regularization …

Investigation Of Luhn's Claim On Information Retrieval, İlker Kocabaş, Beki̇r Taner Di̇nçer, Bahar Karaoğlan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, we show how Luhn's claim about the degree of importance of a word in a document can be related to information retrieval. His basic idea is transformed into z-scores as the weights of terms for the purpose of modeling term frequency (tf) within documents. The Luhn-based models represented in this paper are considered as the TF component of proposed TF \times IDF weighing schemes. Moreover, the final term weighting functions appropriate for the TF \times IDF weighting scheme are applied to TREC-6, -7, and -8 databases. The experimental results show relevance to Luhn's claim by having high …

Diagnosis Of Multiple Scan-Chain Faults In The Presence Of System Logic Defects, Zhen Chen, Sharad C. Seth, Dong Xiang, Bhargab B. Bhattacharya

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

We present a combined hardware-software based approach to scan-chain diagnosis, when the outcome of a test may be affected by system faults occurring in the logic outside of the scan chain. For the hardware component we adopt the double-tree scan (DTS) chain architecture, which has previously been shown to be effective in reducing power, volume, and application time of tests for stuck-at and delay faults. We develop a version of flush test which can resolve a multiple fault in a DTS chain to a small number of suspect candidates. Further resolution to a unique multiple fault is enabled by the …

A Survey On Communication Networks In Emergency Warning Systems, Yan Li

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

No abstract provided.

The Forest Overlay Network, Logan Stafman

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Forest is an overlay network designed for large real-time distributed systems. In particular, we’re interested in virtual worlds that provide high-quality interaction over a constantly changing pattern of communication. Forest is suitable for applications in which many entities send data to a large set of constantly changing entities. By using tree-structured channels, we can create logically isolated private networks which support both unicast and multicast routing. In this paper, we will discuss the core components of Forest and measure the performance of the control elements of the network. We will also provide examples of control sequences and the roles played …

Efficient Deadlock Avoidance For Streaming Computation With Filtering, Jeremy Buhler, Kunal Agrawal, Peng Li, Roger D. Chamberlain

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In this report, we show that deadlock avoidance for streaming computations with filtering can be performed efficiently for a large class of DAG topologies. We first give efficient algorithms for dummy interval computation in series-parallel DAGs, then generalize our results to a larger graph family, the CS4DAGs, in which every undirected cycle has exactly one source and one sink. Our results show that, for a large set of application topologies that are both intuitively useful and formalizable, the streaming model with filtering can be implemented safely with reasonable compilation overhead.

Feedback Thermal Control Of Real-Time Systems On Multicore Processors, Yong Fu, Nicholas Kottenstette, Chenyang Lu, Xenofon D. Koutsoukos

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management with their adoption of modern multicore processors. While earlier research on feedback thermal control has shown promise in dealing with the uncertainties in the thermal characteristics, multicore processors introduce new challenges that cannot be handled by previous solutions designed for single-core processors. Multicore processors require the temperatures and real-time performance of multiple cores to be controlled simultaneously, leading to multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) control problems with inter-core thermal coupling. Furthermore, current Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) mechanisms only support a finite set of states, leading to discrete control variables that cannot be handled …

Results Of An Observational Study On Sketching, Cindy Grimm

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

We present the results of an observational study on sketching. Artists were asked to sketch a small number of objects and comment on how and why they made the marks they did. We summarize these findings, from low-level details on individual marks through the drawing construction order. Based on these observations we provide suggestions for future research directions in 3D sketching.

Webcam Image Alignment, Matthew Klein

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

No abstract provided.

Generating Muscle Driven Arm Movements Using Reinforcement Learning, Alex S. Broad

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This project focuses on using Reinforcement Learning to optimize arm dynamics through muscle control for desired trajectories. The goal of this project was to create a tool that can be used to gain a better understanding of the arm’s muscles and collect information that is useful in many other disciplines such as biomechanics, anthropology, medicine and robotics. I developed biologically realistic models of primate arm's using Stanford’s SimTK software, an open-source tool for modeling musculoskeletal structures. I then made use of Differential Dynamic Programming in order to generate novel movements from first principles and optimize motion over a specified trajectory. …

Implementation And Evaluation Of Mixed-Criticality Scheduling Approaches For Periodic Tasks, Huang-Ming Huang, Christopher Gill, Chenyang Lu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Traditional fixed-priority scheduling analysis for periodic task sets is based on the assumption that all tasks are equally critical to the correct operation of the system. Therefore, every task has to be schedulable under the scheduling policy, and estimates of tasks’ worst case execution times must be conservative in case a task runs longer than is usual. To address the significant under-utilization of a system’s resources under normal operating conditions that can arise from these assumptions, three main approaches have been proposed: priority assignment, period transformation, and zero-slack scheduling. However, to date there has been no quantitative comparison of system …

2-Edge-Connectivity And 2-Vertex-Connectivity With Fault Containment, Abusayeed Saifullah

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Self-stabilization for non-masking fault-tolerant distributed system has received considerable research interest over the last decade. In this paper, we propose a self-stabilizing algorithm for 2-edge-connectivity and 2-vertex-connectivity of an asynchronous distributed computer network. It is based on a self-stabilizing depth-first search, and is not a composite algorithm in the sense that it is not composed of a number of self-stabilizing algorithms that run concurrently. The time and space complexities of the algorithm are the same as those of the underlying self-stabilizing depth-first search algorithm.

Near Optimal Rate Selection For Wireless Control Systems, Abusayeed Saifullah, Chengjie Wu, Paras Babu Tiwari, You Xu, Yong Fu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

With the advent of industrial standards such as WirelessHART, process industries are now gravitating towards wireless control systems. Due to limited bandwidth in a wireless network shared by multiple control loops, it is critical to optimize the overall control performance. In this paper, we address the scheduling-control co-design problem of determining the optimal sampling rates of feedback control loops sharing a WirelessHART network. The objective is to minimize the overall control cost while ensuring that all data flows meet their end-to-end deadlines. The resulting constrained optimization based on existing delay bounds for WirelessHART networks is challenging since it is non-differentiable, …

Energy-Efficient Low Power Listening For Wireless Sensor Networks In Noisy Environments, Mo Sha, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Low Power Listening (LPL) is a common MAC-layer technique for reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks, where nodes periodically wake up to sample the wireless channel to detect activity. However, LPL is highly susceptible to false wakeups caused by environmental noise being detected as activity on the channel, causing nodes to spuriously wake up in order to receive nonexistent transmissions. In empirical studies in residential environments, we observe that the false wakeup problem can significantly increase a node's duty cycle, compromising the benefit of LPL. We also find that the energy-level threshold used by the Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) …

Distributed Channel Allocation Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Abusayeed Saifullah, You Xu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Interference between concurrent transmissions can cause severe performance degradation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). While multiple channels available in WSN technology such as IEEE 802.15.4 can be exploited to mitigate interference, channel allocation can have a significant impact on the performance of multi-channel communication. This paper proposes a set of distributed algorithms for near-optimal channel allocation in WSNs with theoretical bounds. We first consider the problem of minimizing the number of channels needed to remove interference in a WSN, and propose both receiver-based and link-based distributed channel allocation protocols. For WSNs with an insufficient number of channels, we formulate a …

Hierarchical Scheduling For Multicores With Multilevel Cache Hierarchies, Kunal Agrawal, Jim Sukha

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Cache-locality is an important consideration for the performance in multicore systems. In modern and future multicore systems with multilevel cache hierarchies, caches may be arranged in a tree of caches, where a level k cache is shared between Pk processors, called a processor group, and Pk increases with k. In order to get good performance, as much as possible, subcomputations that share more data should execute on processors which share a lower-level cache. Therefore, the number of cache misses in these systems depends on the scheduling decisions, and a scheduler is responsible for not just achieving good load-balance and low …

Optimization Of Gene Prediction Via More Accurate Phylogenetic Substitution Models, Ezekiel Maier, Randall H. Brown, Michael R. Brent

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Determining the beginning and end positions of each exon in each protein coding gene within a genome can be difficult because the DNA patterns that signal a gene’s presence have multiple weakly related alternate forms and the DNA fragments that comprise a gene are generally small in comparison to the size of the genome. In response to this challenge, automated gene predictors were created to generate putative gene structures. N SCAN identifies gene structures in a target DNA sequence and can use conservation patterns learned from alignments between a target and one or more informant DNA sequences. N SCAN uses …

Real Time Baseball Augmented Reality, Adam Kraft

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

As computer hardware becomes increasingly powerful, there is an ongoing trend towards integrating complex, legacy real-time systems using fewer hosts through virtualization. Especially in embedded systems domains such as avionics and automotive engineerin

Development And Human Performance Evaluation Of A Ground Vehicle Robotic Force-Feedback Tele-Operation System, Ankur Saraf

Wayne State University Theses

ABSTRACT

DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A GROUND VEHICLE ROBOTIC FORCE-FEEDBACK TELE-OPERATION SYSTEM

by

ANKUR SARAF

May 2011

Advisor: Dr. Abhilash K. Pandya.

Major: Electrical Engineering.

Degree: Master of Science.

Modern tele-operation systems are trying to take into account haptic and audio information in addition to visual data to provide as feedback to the tele-operator.This research emphasizes on the development of hardware and software architecture to enhance the tele-operation capabilities of omni-directional inspection robot (ODIS). The system enhances the tele-operation capabilities by introducing force-feedback to the tele-operators. The conventional joystick is replaced with Novint Falcon haptic joystick which gets …

Control Of A Single Ground Vehicle Using Aerial And Onboard Camera Views, Vishal Lowalekar

Wayne State University Theses

Controlling a ground vehicle using only onboard and aerial camera views, can be a tedious task, as it is challenging for the operator to estimate information about the robots location and orientation using only these view. However the visual data can be sufficient for computerized calculation of this information even in the absence of other sensors. This approach is of interest to the military because the use of passive sensors instead of active sensors (e.g. LIDAR) would be easier and more reliable and would not give off detectable signatures.

The goal of this research was to control a ground vehicle …

Ceg 233: Linux And Windows, Prabhaker Mateti

Computer Science & Engineering Syllabi

This is a freshman-level 4 credit hour course conducted in a 10-week term. Its goal is to develop in the minds of students an effective operational model of computer systems running either Linux or Windows. This course is lab-oriented.

Ceg 210: Pc Networking I, Jerry Hensley

Computer Science & Engineering Syllabi

Introduction to networking technologies including infrastructure and architectures, standards, protocols and directory services, administration, security and management. Integrated lecture and lab

Multi-Core Real-Time Scheduling For Generalized Parallel Task Models, Abusayeed Saifullah, Kunal Agrawal, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Multi-core processors over a significant performance increase over single-core processors. Therefore, they have the potential to enable computation-intensive real-time applications with stringent timing constraints that cannot be met on traditional single-core processors. However, most results in traditional multiprocessor real-time scheduling are limited to sequential programming models and ignore intra-task parallelism. In this paper, we address the problem of scheduling periodic parallel tasks with implicit deadlines on multi-core processors. We first consider a synchronous task model where each task consists of segments, each segment having an arbitrary number of parallel threads that synchronize at the end of the segment. We propose …

Flux Balance Analysis Of Dynamic Metabolism In Shewanella Oneidensis Mr-1 Using A Static Optimization Approach, Xueyang Feng, You Xu, Yixin Chen, Yinjie Tang

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Shewanella bacteria are facultative anaerobes isolated from aquatic and sedimentary environments (Hau and Gralnick 2007) with a broad capacity for reduction of multiple electron receptors (Pinchuk et al. 2009; Serres and Riley 2006), including Fe(III), Mn(IV), sulfur, nitrate, and fumarate. With the accomplishment of complete genome sequencing of several Shewanella bacteria, the general pictures of the carbon metabolism have been revealed (Serres and Riley 2006). metabolism. One of the most physiological methods to decipher the time-variant metabolic regulation is to determine the dynamic distribution of intracellular metabolic fluxes since it reveals the final response of cellular metabolism to genomic, transcriptional …

Design, Synthesis And Test Of Reversible Circuits For Emerging Nanotechnologies, Himanshu Thapliyal

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Reversible circuits are similar to conventional logic circuits except that they are built from reversible gates. In reversible gates, there is a unique, one-to-one mapping between the inputs and outputs, not the case with conventional logic. Also, reversible gates require constant ancilla inputs for reconfiguration of gate functions and garbage outputs that help in keeping reversibility. Reversible circuits hold promise in futuristic computing technologies like quantum computing, quantum dot cellular automata, DNA computing, optical computing, etc. Thus, it is important to minimize parameters such as ancilla and garbage bits, quantum cost and delay in the design of reversible circuits.

The …

Modeling Pedestrian Behavior In Video, Paul Scovanner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation is to address the problem of predicting pedestrian movement and behavior in and among crowds. Specifically, we will focus on an agent based approach where pedestrians are treated individually and parameters for an energy model are trained by real world video data. These learned pedestrian models are useful in applications such as tracking, simulation, and artificial intelligence. The applications of this method are explored and experimental results show that our trained pedestrian motion model is beneficial for predicting unseen or lost tracks as well as guiding appearance based tracking algorithms. The method we have developed …

A New Approach To Algebraic Coding Theory Through The Applications Of Soft Sets, Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Algebraic codes play a signifcant role in the minimisation of data corruption which caused by defects such as inference, noise channel, crosstalk, and packet loss. In this paper, we introduce soft codes (soft linear codes) through the application of soft sets which is an approximated collection of codes. We also discuss several types of soft codes such as type-1 soft codes, complete soft codes etc. Further, we construct the soft generator matrix and soft parity check matrix for the soft linear codes. Moreover, we develop two techniques for the decoding of soft codes.

Evidence Supporting Measure Of Similarity For Reducing The Complexity In Information Fusion, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert, Xinde Li, Xinhan Huang

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper presents a new method for reducing the number of sources of evidence to combine in order to reduce the complexity of the fusion processing. Such a complexity reduction is often required in many applications where the real-time constraint and limited computing resources are of prime importance. The basic idea consists in selecting, among all sources available, only a subset of sources of evidence to combine. The selection is based on an evidence supporting measure of similarity (ESMS) criterion which is an efficient generic tool for outlier sources identification and rejection. The ESMS between two sources of evidence can …