Engineering Commons^™

Rotation-Invariant Synthetic Discriminant Function Filter For Pattern Recognition, Vahid R. Riasati, Partha P. Banerjee, Mustafa A. G. Abushagur, Kenneth B. Howell

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The ring synthetic discriminant function (RSDF) filter for rotation-invariant response is discussed for pattern recognition. This method uses one half of a slice of the Fourier transform of the object to generate the transfer function of the filter. This is accomplished by rotating the one half of a slice in the Fourier domain through 2π rad about the zero-frequency point of the Fourier plane. This filter has the advantage of always matching at least one half of a slice of the Fourier transform of any rotation of the image. An analytical discussion of the filter construction and correlation results are …

How Important Is Theory For Practical Problems? A Partial Explanation Of Hartmanis' Observation, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Fuzzy (Granular) Levels Of Quality, With Applications To Data Mining And To Structural Integrity Of Aerospace Structures, Roberto A. Osegueda, Carlos Ferregut, Vladik Kreinovich, Seelam Seetharami, Harry Schulte

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Experts usually describe quality by using words from natural language such as "perfect", "good", etc. In this paper, we deduce natural numerical values corresponding to these words, and show that these values explain empirical dependencies uncovered in data mining and in the analysis of structural integrity of aerospace structures.

Why Two Sigma? A Theoretical Justification, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich, Gennady N. Solopchencko, Ching-Wang Tao

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

For a normal distribution, the probability density is everywhere positive, so in principle, all real numbers are possible. In reality, the probability that a random variable is far away from the mean is so small that this possibility can be often safely ignored. Usually, a small real number k is picked (e.g., 2 or 3); then, with a probability P0(k)~1 (depending on k), the normally distributed random variable with mean a and standard deviation sigma belongs to the interval A=[a-k*sigma,a+k*sigma].

The actual error distribution may be non-Gaussian; hence, the probability P(k) that a random variable belongs to A differs from …

A New Graph Characteristic And Its Application To Numerical Computability, Frank Harary, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many traditional numerical algorithms include a step on which we check whether a given real number a is equal to 0. This checking is easy for rational numbers, but for constructive real numbers, whether a number is 0 or not is an algorithmically undecidable problem. It is therefore desirable to re-formulate the existing algorithms with as few such comparisons as possible. We describe a new graph characteristic; this characteristic describes how the number of comparisons in an algorithm can be reduced.

3d Outside Cell Interference Factor For An Air-Ground Cdma ‘Cellular’ System, David W. Matolak

Faculty Publications

We compute the outside-cell interference factor of a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system for a three-dimensional (3-D) air-to-ground (AG) "cellular-like" network consisting of a set of uniformly distributed ground base stations and airborne mobile users. The CDMA capacity is roughly inversely proportional to the outside-cell interference factor. It is shown that for the nearly free-space propagation environment of these systems, the outside-cell interference factor can be larger than that for terrestrial propagation models (as expected) and depends approximately logarithmically upon both the cell height and cell radius.

Towards Optimal Mosaicking Of Multi-Spectral Images, Francisco Garcia, Roberto Araiza, Brain Rzycki

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

To cover a certain area, it is often necessary to combine several satellite photos. To get a proper combination, we need to appropriately position and orient these photos relative to one another, i.e., mosaic these photos. With the new generation of multi-spectral satellites, for each area, we have several hundred images which correspond to different wavelengths. At present, when we mosaic two images, we only use one of the wavelengths and ignore the information from the other wavelengths. It is reasonable to decrease the mosaicking error by using images corresponding to all possible wavelengths in mosaicking. In this paper, we …

Towards Feasible Approach To Plan Checking Under Probabilistic Uncertainty: Interval Methods, Raul A. Trejo, Vladik Kreinovich, Chitta Baral

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

The main problem of planning is to find a sequence of actions that an agent must perform to achieve a given objective. An important part of planning is checking whether a given plan achieves the desired objective. Historically, in AI, the planning and plan checking problems were mainly formulated and solved in a deterministic environment, when the initial state is known precisely and when the results of each action in each state is known (and uniquely determined). In this deterministic case, planning is difficult, but plan checking is straightforward. In many real-life situations, we only know the probabilities of different …

Fundamental Properties Of Pair-Wise Interactions Naturally Lead To Quarks And Quark Confinement: A Theorem Motivated By Neural Universal Approximation Results, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In traditional mechanics, most interactions are pair-wise; if we omit one of the particles from our description, then the original pair-wise interaction can sometimes only be represented as interaction between triples, etc. It turns out that, vice versa, every possible interaction between N particles can be represented as pair-wise interaction if we represent each of the original N particles as a triple of new ones (and two new ones are not enough for this representation). The resulting three "particles" actually represent a single directly observable particles and in this sense, cannot be separated. So, this representation gives a fundamental reason …

Crop Updates 2000 Cereals - Part 3, Roslyn Jettner, Blakely Paynter, Glen Mcdonald, Pierre Fievez, Ian Foster, David Tennant, Wal Anderson, James Ridsdill-Smith, Celia Pavri, Ross Chapman, Senthold Asseng, Steve Carr, Brad Nutt, Lindrea Latham, Roger Jones, Anyou Liu, Clinton Revell, David Ferris, Roy Latta, Lisa-Jane Blacklow, Chris Matthews, Ted Woodburn, Paul Yeoh, Ian Rose, Anita Lyons, Simon Cook, Matthew L. Adams, Robert J. Corner

Crop Updates

This session covers eighteen papers from different authors:

BARLEY AND OAT AGRONOMY

1. Unicorn barley must meet malting specifications to be a viable option, Roslyn Jettnerand Blakely Paynter, Agriculture Western Australia

2. Optimum oat seed rates, Glenn McDonald, Agriculture Western Australia

3. Production and Quality of export Oaten Hay (1998 and 1989), Pierre Fievez, Pierre Fievez and Associates

FROST

4. Climatology of Frost in Southern Western Australia, Ian Foster, Agriculture Western Australia

5. Flowering calculator, David Tennant, Agriculture Western Australia

6. Some options for managing the risk of frost damage, Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia

PASTURE

7. …

On The Assessment Of Stability And Patterning Of Speech Movements, Anne Smith, Michael T. Johnson, Clare Mcgillem, Lisa Goffman

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Speech requires the control of complex movements of orofacial structures to produce dynamic variations in the vocal tract transfer function. The nature of the underlying motor control processes has traditionally been investigated by employing measures of articulatory movements, including movement amplitude, velocity, and duration, at selected points in time. An alternative approach, first used in the study of limb motion, is to examine the entire movement trajectory over time. A new approach to speech movement trajectory analysis was introduced in earlier work from this laboratory. In this method, trajectories from multiple movement sequences are time- and amplitude-normalized, and the STI …

Allowing Two Moves In Succession Increases The Game's Bias: A Theorem, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Error Estimations For Indirect Measurements: Randomized Vs. Deterministic Algorithms For "Black-Box" Programs, Vladik Kreinovich, Raul A. Trejo

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many real-life situations, it is very difficult or even impossible to directly measure the quantity y in which we are interested: e.g., we cannot directly measure a distance to a distant galaxy or the amount of oil in a given well. Since we cannot measure such quantities directly, we can measure them indirectly: by first measuring some relating quantities x1,...,xn, and then by using the known relation between xi and y to reconstruct the value of the desired quantity y.

In practice, it is often very important to estimate the error of the resulting indirect measurement. In this paper, …

Chu Spaces: Towards New Justification For Fuzzy Heuristics, Nhu Nguyen, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

We show that Chu spaces, a new formalism used to describe parallelism and information flow, provide uniform explanations for different choices of fuzzy methodology, such as choices of fuzzy logical operations, of membership functions, of defuzzification, etc.

On Granularity In Fuzzy Logic: Minimum And Maximum Are The Only Absolutely Granular T-Norm And T-Conorm, Vladik Kreinovich, Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

The Software Quality Star (Sq-Star), Ronan Fitzpatrick

Other resources

Usability is a significant factor in the creation of quality software products which is an important focus of the software engineering syllabus. Usability is also a significant factor in the study of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Despite the connection, software quality and the rigours of the software engineering discipline are not used in the teaching of HCI and visa versa. Consequently, students undertaking software engineering courses are not fully exposed to usability issues and HCI students often miss out on the disciplines of software engineering. This paper presents a quality focused conceptual model - the Software Quality Star - which can …

School Of Computer And Information Sciences Master Of Science Degree Program 2000-2001 Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Complex Fuzzy Sets: Towards New Foundations, Hung T. Nguyen, Abraham Kandel, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Uncertainty of complex-valued physical quantities z=x+iy can be described by complex fuzzy sets. Such sets can be described by membership functions m(x,y) which map the universe of discourse (complex plane) into the interval [0,1]. The problem with this description is that it is difficult to directly translate into words from natural language. To make this translation easier, several authors have proposed to use, instead of a single membership function for describing the complex number, several membership functions which describe different real-valued characteristics of this numbers, such as its real part, its imaginary part, its absolute value, etc. The quality of …

Shadows Of Fuzzy Sets - A Natural Approach Towards Describing 2-D And Multi-D Fuzzy Uncertainty In Linguistic Terms, Hung T. Nguyen, Berlin Wu, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Fuzzy information processing systems start with expert knowledge which is usually formulated in terms of words from natural language. This knowledge is then usually reformulated in computer-friendly terms of membership functions, and the system transform these input membership functions into the membership functions which describe the result of fuzzy data processing. It is then desirable to translate this fuzzy information back from the computer-friendly membership functions language to the human-friendly natural language. In general, this is difficult even in a 1-D case, when we are interested in a single quantity y; however, the fuzzy research community has accumulated some expertise …

Which Sensor Set Is Better For Monitoring Spacecraft Subsystems? A Geometric Answer And Its Probabilistic Generalization, Matthew Barry, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Each Space Shuttle mission produces more than 25,000 real-time measurements in NASA's mission control center. Within the mission control center, dozens of computer programs analyze these measurements and present results to mission control personnel. Because these programs support the practice of human-in-the-loop control, they serve primarily to present information to mission controllers. The controller's job is to interpret the displayed information to monitor spacecraft and astronaut performance, taking decisions and control actions when necessary for mission success or crew safety.

A single mission controller clearly cannot monitor all 25,000 real-time measurements. The experience of human space flight has evolved into …

Intelligent Mining In Image Databases, With Applications To Satellite Imaging And To Web Search, Stephen Gibson, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre, Brian Penn, Scott A. Starks

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

An important part of our knowledge is in the form of images. For example, a large amount of geophysical and environmental data comes from satellite photos, a large amount of the information stored on the Web is in the form of images, etc. It is therefore desirable to use this image information in data mining. Unfortunately, most existing data mining techniques have been designed for mining numerical data and are thus not well suited for image databases. Hence, new methods are needed for image mining. In this paper, we show how data mining can be used to find common patterns …

Choosing A Physical Model: Why Symmetries?, Raul A. Trejo, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

No abstract provided.

Discrete (Granular) Logics: A New (Natural) Notion Of Continuity, With A Complete Description Of All Continuous Granular Logics, Hung T. Nguyen, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In most knowledge-based systems, the experts' uncertainty is described by a real number from the interval [0,1] (this number is called subjective probability, degree of certainty, etc.). However, experts usually use a small finite set of words to describe their degree of unecratinty; thus, to adequately describe the expert's optinion, it is desirable to use a finite (granular) logic. If all we know about the expert's opinion on two statements A and B is this expert's degrees of certainty d(A) and d(B) in these two statements, and the user asks a query "A and B?", then we need to estimate …

Computational Complexity Of Planning, Diagnosis, And Diagnostic Planning In The Presence Of Static Causal Laws, Chitta Baral, Le Chi Tuan, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Planning is a very important AI problem, and it is also a very time-consuming AI problem. To get an idea of how complex different planning problems are, it is useful to describe the computational complexity of different general planning problems. This complexity has been described for problems in which the result res(a,s) of applying an action a to a system in a state s is uniquely determined by the action a and by the state s. In real-life planning, some consequences of certain actions are non-deterministic. In this paper, we expand the known results about computational complexity of planning (with …

Invariance-Based Justification Of The Maximum Entropy Method And Of Generalized Maximum Entropy Methods In Data Processing, Hung T. Nguyen, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Maximum entropy method and its generalizations are very useful in data processing. In this paper, we show that these methods naturally follow from reasonable invariance requirements.

Scene-Based Nonuniformity Correction With Video Sequences And Registration, Russell C. Hardie, Majeed M. Hayat, Earnest Armstrong, Brian Yasuda

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We describe a new, to our knowledge, scene-based nonuniformity correction algorithm for array detectors. The algorithm relies on the ability to register a sequence of observed frames in the presence of the fixed-pattern noise caused by pixel-to-pixel nonuniformity. In low-to-moderate levels of nonuniformity, sufficiently accurate registration may be possible with standard scene-based registration techniques. If the registration is accurate, and motion exists between the frames, then groups of independent detectors can be identified that observe the same irradiance (or true scene value). These detector outputs are averaged to generate estimates of the true scene values. With these scene estimates, and …

Design Tradeoffs For Embedded Network Processors, Tilman Wolf, Mark Franklin, Edward W. Spitznagel

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Demands for flexible processing has moved general-purpose processing into the data path of networks. With the development of System-On-a-Chip technology, it is possible to put several processors with memory and I/O components on a single ASIC. We present a model of such a system with a simple performance metric and show how the number of processors and cache sizes can be optimized for a given workload. Based on a telecommunications benchmark we show the results of such an optimization and discuss how specialied hardware and appropriate scheduling can further improve system performance.

Synthesizer, A Pattern Language For Designing Digital Modular Synthesis Software, Thomas V. Judkins, Christopher D. Gill

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Synthesizer is a pattern language for designing digital synthesizers using modular synthesis in software to generate sound. Software developed according to this pattern language emulates the abilities of an analog synthesizer. Modular synthesis is one of the oldest sound synthesis techniques. It was used in the earliest analog synthesizers, like the Moog [1] and ARP [2]. These machines introduced the oscillator-filter-amplifier paradigm, where sound generated by an oscillator is passed through a series of filters and amplifers before being sent to a speaker. These first machines had physical modules through which electrical signals were passed. These modules can be emulated …

Application Of Wavelets And Principal Component Analysis In Image Query And Mammography, Sol Neeman Ph.D.

Engineering Studies Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Breast cancer is currently one of the major causes of death for women in the U.S. Mammography is currently the most effective method for detection of breast cancer and early detection has proven to be an efficient tool to reduce the number of deaths. Mammography is the most demanding of all clinical imaging applications as it requires high contrast, high signal to noise ratio and resolution with minimal x-radiation. According to studies [36], 10% to 30% of women having breast cancer and undergoing mammography, have negative mammograms, i.e. are misdiagnosed. Furthermore, only 20%-40% of the women who undergo biopsy, have …

A Distributed Spectral-Screening Pct Algorithm, Tiranee Achalakul, Stephen Taylor

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

This paper describes a novel distributed algorithm for use in remote-sensing, medical image analysis, and surveillance applications. The algorithm combines spectral-screening classification with the principal component transform (PCT), and human-centered mapping. It fuses a multi- or hyper-spectral image set into a single color composite image that maximizes the impact of spectral variation on the human visual system. The algorithm operates on distributed collections of shared-memory multiprocessors that are connected through high-performance networking. Scenes taken from a standard 210 frame remote-sensing data set, collected with the Hyper-spectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE) airborne imaging spectrometer, are used to assess the algorithms …