Engineering Commons^™

Design And Engineering Of A Tensile Fabric Structure, Jairo Rios

Theses

Fabric structures are designed in an iterative process between architect and engineer, analysis input and output, and detail and patterning. There are three main steps in designing a fabric structure: shape finding, loading, and patterning/ detailing.

Shapefinding consists of finding the shape of the fabric where the fabric forces are in equilibrium. This type of structure is geometrically nonlinear which require iterative analysis to converge on a unique solution.

The loading of the structure is similar to that of any conventional structures. The departure is in the major effects that suction and ponding have on fabric surfaces.

Usually the details …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Offshore Mining Of Beach Quality Sediments On Nearshore Wave Climate, Frank R. Lonza

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Coastal communities rely on the beaches to attract tourism, but these sources of revenue require maintenance, such as beach nourishment. In an effort to maintain these beaches without causing any detrimental results, research is conducted to determine what effects, if any, exist when mining for sand in offshore areas.

The U.S. Government is permitting the search for beach quality sands offshore but is also ensuring that such mining will not have adverse results to the nearshore wave climate. This study was conducted using a coarse grid bathymetric map to calibrate a numerical model developed by the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI). …

Finite Element Simulation Of Creep Buckling Of Cipp Liners Under External Pressure, Qiang Zhao

Doctoral Dissertations

The problem of long-term structural behavior of CIPP liners under external hydrostatic pressure has been characterized as a structural instability problem which is induced by time-dependent material deformation or creep. It is also a contact problem since the liner deflection is externally constrained by the host pipe. The intrinsically nonlinear problem is investigated by means of finite element simulation, with emphases on (a) the essential structural behaviors and mechanisms of buckling, and (b) the influences of inelastic material properties (i.e. yield strengths and creep rates) and geometrical parameters on liner's buckling resistance.

A liner first deforms as a free pipe …

An Empirical Investigation On The Impacts Of Ground-Level Ozone Concentrations On National Ambient Air Quality Standards: The Case Of Lake Charles, Louisiana, Benedict Nweke Nwokolo

Doctoral Dissertations

This study presents information upon which the state of Louisiana can base its ozone State Implementation Plans (SIPs) designed to achieve planned emissions reduction that are required by the Clean Air Act (CAAA) of 1990. The research investigation included an assessment survey on a number of Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) and their degree of acceptability by the residents of Lake Charles area of Louisiana, the research target area. The TCMS were first ranked on the basis of people's perception of each TCM and four TCMs were later analyzed for cost-effectiveness using computer mathematical models. The Traffic Flow Improvements TCM was …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Development Of Baseline Water Quality Stormwater Detention Pond Model For Chesapeake Bay Catchments, William J. Musico

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A stormwater detention pond model, EEMD (Environmentally Economic Management Design), was developed using VisualBasic to facilitate the design of extended detention basins. A detention basin is a design such that a site's stormwater runoff would meet certain environmental impact requirements. To ensure these environmental requirements are meet the Commonwealth of Virginia subscribes to the procedures outlined by the Chesapeake Bay Local Assistance Department (CBLAD).

The purpose of the Chesapeake Bay Local Assistance Department (CBLAD) Calculation Procedures is to ensure that the development of constructed areas do not further exacerbate current problems of stormwater-induced eutrophication and downstream flooding. The methodology is …

Exploring The Management Of Outsourcing And The Determination Of Civil Engineering Minimum Manning Numbers In Order To Optimize Air Force Benefits, David J. Anason

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the relationship between peacetime and wartime tasks for Air Force Civil Engineering career fields in regard to outsourcing. Relevant literature in civilian sector outsourcing techniques is then studied to determine how they decide on what to outsource and what to keep insourced. Peacetime tasks performed by individual career fields are correlated with the wartime tasks to determine if there is any valuable wartime training gained from the completion of peacetime work orders. Several interviews completed with Air Force Civil Engineer readiness experts to evaluate an importance factor for each career field wartime mission. This importance factor and …

The Determinants Of Locational Choice For Air Force Military Renters: Implications For Policy, Eldrick L. Hill

Theses and Dissertations

Housing allowances and military family housing make up approximately $7 billion dollars of the budget for the Department of Defense (DoD). The military uses a Housing Market Analysis (HMA) to determine rental housing availability around its installations. This thesis describes and analyzes the locational choices of military renters. This thesis examines 16 bases in the continental U.S. using military and census data. It is concluded that the locational preferences of military renters vary inversely with distance from their duty location and this needs to be accounted for when assessing the availability of military rental housing. The implications of military renter …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Conditions For Stripping Using Accelerated Testing, Changlin Pan, Thomas D. White

JTRP Technical Reports

A laboratory study was conducted to determine water sensitivity and rutting potential of asphalt mixtures. Two major tests were included in the study: AASHTO T-283 and a laboratory wheel tracking device (PURWheel). AASHTO T-283 has been adopted in the Superpave system for evaluating mixture stripping potential. The PURWheel device and test method was developed with the concept creating conditions associated with stripping, i.e. moisture, high temperature, and a moving wheel load. The laboratory wheel track tests can be conducted with hot/wet or hot/dry environments. The objective of the study is to determine the factors that most influence bituminous mixture stripping …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Fluorescence Spectroscopy For The Characterization Of Humic And Fulvic Acids And Their Disinfection By-Products Formation Potential, Ishvinder H. Kochar

Theses

Natural Organic Matter (NOM) plays a major role in the formation of undesirable organic by-products following disinfection/oxidation of drinking water. It is suspected that most precursors to disinfection by-products (DBPs) are humic although non-humic substances have not been studied and are suspected of also contributing to DBPs. NOM reacts with many of the disinfectants used to treat drinking water, such as chlorine, chioramine, and ozone, to form a variety of DBPs. Many of these DBPs have adverse health effects in humans (i.e. carcinogenic or mutagenic effects). The primary DBPs of concern include the trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and haloacetonitrile …

Compliance Testing Of Iowa’S Skid-Mounted Sign Device, Karla A. Polivka, Ronald K. Faller, John R. Rohde, James C. Holloway, Dean L. Sicking

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

A wide variety of traffic control devices are used in work zones, some of which are nont ormally found on the roadside or in the traveled way outsideofthe work zones. These devices are used to enhance the safety of the work zones by controlling the traffic through these areas. Due to the placement of the traffic control devices, the devices themselves may be potentially hazardous to both workers and errant vehicles. The impact performance of many work zone traffic control devices is mainly unknown and to date limited crash testing has been conducted under the criteria of National Cooperative Highway …

Micro Hydro Power, Frederick J. Munster

Maine Collection

Micro Hydro Power

by Frederick J. Munster

Department of Economic and Community Development, August, Me. 1999 (?).

Contents: Introduction / History of Hydropower in Maine / Renewables / Why Micro Hydro / Determining Flow / Determining Head / Estimating Energy Potential / Hydro Turbines / Dams, Impoundments, Penstocks and Power Houses / Utility Interconnected Systems / Battery Charging Systems / Operation and Maintenance / Economics / Regulation of Hydro Development / For More Information / References

The First Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Test In Louisiana: Development And Findings, J.B. Metcalf, Stefan Romanoschi, Y. Li, M. Rasoulian

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive

The Pavement Research Facility in Port Allen, Louisiana houses the first full-scale accelerated pavement testing experiment in the state. The purpose of the first experiment was to evaluate the historically prevalent flexible crushed stone and in-place soil cement stabilized base construction in comparison to several alternative base construction materials and construction processes for pavements designed for a semi-tropical climate. Loading is provided by an Accelerated Loading Facility (ALF) machine, the second of its type in the United States. More than six million equivalent axle loads (ESALs) were applied to the nine test lanes. Performance of the pavement structures and materials …

Unbound Pavement Base Courses: Parallel Study Of Stiffness And Drainage Characteristics, Moussa Issa

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this project was to study the effects of fines (minus #4 sieve) on permeability and stiffness characteristics of unbound base materials and to propose an optimumgradation that will satisfy these two parameters. One type of highway base material--crushed limestone--was used in the study. A total of 75 laboratory tests were conducted and distributed--25 respectively on permeability, resilient modulus and unconfined compression. The permeability test data were collected using a low-head permeameter. The resilient modulus and unconfined compression test data were collected by the mean of the MTS (Machine Testing System) with a load cell capacity of 22-kips. …

Mechanism Of Interaction Of Asphalt Cement With Crumb Rubber Modifier, Magdy Abdelrahman, Samuel Carpenter

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The nature of the interaction process between asphalt cement and crumb rubber modifier (CRM) has not been fully understood. Two main types of mechanisms that affect the produced binder properties are reported: particle swelling and degradation (devulcanization and depolymerization). These mechanisms occur as the binder is subjected to different combinations of interaction time and temperature. Insight into the mechanisms by which the interaction between the two materials takes place through monitoring the changes in the rheological parameters of the binder is provided. The effects of the interaction process variables, time and temperature, are explained. The effect of CRM properties, including …

Development Of A 7.62-M Long Span Guardrail System – Phase Ii, Karla A. Polivka, Robert W. Bielenberg, Dean L. Sicking, Ronald K. Faller, John R. Rohde, Eric A. Keller

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

A 7.62-m long span guardrail system was developed for use over low-fill culverts. The long span design was constructed with two 2.66-mm (12-gauge) thick nested W-beam rails totaling 30.48 m in length. The nested W-beam rail was supported by sixteen W150x13.5 steel posts and six standard CRT posts, each with two 150x200x360 wood blockouts. Each post measured 1,830-mm long. Post spacings were 1,905-mm on center except for the 7.62-m spacing between the two CRT posts surrounding the unsupported span.

The research study included full-scale vehicle crash testing, using a 3⁄4-ton pickup truck. The test, impacting at a speed of 102.9 …

Contributions Of Pg Graded Asphalt To Low Temperature Cracking Resistance Of Pavement, Ssu-Wei Loh, J. Olek

JTRP Technical Reports

The purpose of this research was to study and evaluate the role that asphalt binders play in the resistance of asphalt pavements to low temperature cracking. As part of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) new specifications for asphalt binders were developed that are based on the performance of the material. The asphalt binder graded and specified according to these new performance-based specifications is called PG binder. These new specifications are commonly referred to as Superpave (Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement) binder specifications. A section of Interstate 64 in southern Indiana was experiencing severe low temperature cracking before it was reconstructed …

Methods Of Corrosion Protection And Durability Of Concrete Bridge Decks Reinforced With Epoxy-Coated Bars - Phase I, Lisa Michele Samples, J. A. Ramirez

JTRP Technical Reports

In this study, the results of an extensive field and laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the corrosion performance of epoxy-coated reinforcement are reported. One hundred and twenty three concrete bridge decks containing epoxy-coated reinforcement, uncoated reinforcement, and various other corrosion protection systems were included in a field investigation. An initial visual inspection of these bridge decks showed that 44% had signs of distress from corrosion of the reinforcement. Six decks, representing 5% of the total sample, were selected for a second more detailed survey. Three of the six decks had epoxy-coated reinforcement. This number represents 11% of the total sample …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Salt And Its Trace Minerals On Aggregate In Bituminous Pavements, Terry R. West, H. J. Park, S. E. Grover

JTRP Technical Reports

Research on the effects of deicing salts and their trace minerals on bituminous highway wearing courses was prompted by early pavement deterioration of federal and state highways in Indiana. Several bituminous surface courses containing slag, slag-dolomite, or dolomite aggregates showed deterioration soon after deicing salts were first applied. Initially, a detailed literature review (Appendix A of report) was conducted. Data on eighteen dolomite sources from a previous study (Bruner, Choi and West, 1995) plus ten additional dolomite sources formed the basis for the brine freeze thaw testing program. Mercury intrusion porosimetry testing conducted on multiple specimens showed that rock texture …

Evaluation Of Strand Transfer And Development Lengths In Pretensioned Girders With Semi-Lightweight Concrete, Robert J. Peterman, J. A. Ramirez, J. Olek

JTRP Technical Reports

Indiana has been using lightweight aggregate consisting mostly of expanded shale in the production of prestressed concrete bridge girders for several projects. The lightweight aggregate has been used as partial replacement for regular gravel or crushed limestone coarse aggregate. This semi-lightweight concrete weighs around 2080 kg/m .

In a study sponsored by the FHWA, the current AASHTO equations for the calculation of transfer and development lengths of prestressing strand were found to be unconservative in the case of lightweight concrete members with unit weight less than 1 920 kg/m3 . This finding raises a question regarding the applicability of the …

Steel Bridge Protection Policy: Main Report, Luh M. Chang, Tarek Zayed, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The study identifies various painting systems that are successfully used in Indiana’s surrounding states and other industries. The identified systems are further screened and evaluated. After prudently comparing INDOT’s inorganic zinc / vinyl system with the waterborne acrylic system, the moisture cure urethane coating system, and the 3-coat system of zinc-epoxy-urethane, the results show that the new 3-coat system fulfills INDOT’s needs with the most benefits. Therefore, the 3-coat system is recommended to replace INDOT present inorganic zinc / vinyl system. To deal with the problems facing the lead-based paint, a comparison between full-removal and over-coating alternatives is made. Results …

Steel Bridge Protection Policy: Life Cycle Cost Analysis And Maintenance Plan, Jon D. Fricker, Tarek Zayed, Luh M. Chang

JTRP Technical Reports

The study identifies various painting systems that are successfully used in Indiana's surrounding states and other industries. the identified systems are further screened and evaluated. After prudently comparing INDOT's inorgainc zinc/vinyl system with the waterborne acrylic system, the moisture cure urethane coating system and the 3-coat system of zinc-epoxy-urethane, the sresults show that thte new 3-coat system fulfills INDOT's needs with the most benefits. Therefore, the 3-coat system is recommended to replace INDOT present inorgaic zinc/vinyl system. To deal with the problems facing the lead-based paint, a comparison between full-removal and over-coating alternatives is made. Results show that over-coating might …

Flexible Pavement Drainage Monitoring, Performance, And Stability, Aiwen Feng, Jianfeng Hua, Thomas D. White

JTRP Technical Reports

The current study is a continuation of the study FHWA/IN/JTRP project HPR-2078, “Locating the Drainage Layer for Flexible Pavements”. In this previous study, three test sections were constructed in a new pavement on a by-pass around Fort Wayne, Indiana. These test sections were instrumental to record temperatures, moisture, frost penetration, rainfall and subdrainage system overflow. Collected data and Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis indicate the subdrainage systems are performing satisfactorily. However, concern developed over the stability and rutting characteristics of the open-graded drainage layers. As a continuation study, longer term environmental and subdrainage performance data was collected. Additional data was …

Landslide Remediation Using Unconventional Methods, Richard J. Deschamps, Cary B. Lange

JTRP Technical Reports

Landslides are very common within the residual soils and sedimentary rock of Southern Indiana. A substantial amount of the Indiana State budget is spent on road repair and maintenance from damage caused by landslide. The landslide remedial technique frequently applied by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is the excavation and backfill method, which in most instances is successful. However, in many cases more liberal landslide treatments may be applied that would arrest movement, provide a sufficient safety factor, and at a lower cost. The objective of this study is to propose economically feasible landslide remedial methods that may be …

Pile Design Based On Cone Penetration Test Results, Rodrigo Salgado, Junhwan Lee

JTRP Technical Reports

The bearing capacity of piles consists of both base resistance and side resistance. The side resistance of piles is in most cases fully mobilized well before the maximum base resistance is reached. As the side resistance is mobilized early in the loading process, the determination of pile base resistance is a key element of pile design. Static cone penetration is well related to the pile loading process, since it is performed quasi-statically and resembles a scaled-down pile load test. In order to take advantage of the CPT for pile design, load-settlement curves of axially loaded piles bearing in sand were …

Steel Bridge Protection Policy: Warranty Clauses For Indot Steel Bridge Paint Contracts, Luh M. Chang, Tarek Zayed, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The study identifies various painting systems that are successfully used in Indiana’s surrounding states and other industries. The identified systems are further screened and evaluated. After prudently comparing INDOT’s inorganic zinc / vinyl system with the waterborne acrylic system, the moisture cure urethane coating system, and the 3-coat system of zinc-epoxy-urethane, the results show that the new 3-coat system fulfills INDOT’s needs with the most benefits. Therefore, the 3-coat system is recommended to replace INDOT present inorganic zinc / vinyl system. To deal with the problems facing the lead-based paint, a comparison between full-removal and over-coating alternatives is made. Results …