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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Outsourcing On Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intentions Of Air Force Civil Engineer Company Grade Officers, James F. Kennedy

Theses and Dissertations

A survey was distributed to 865 active duty Air Force Civil Engineer company grade officers (CGOs) assigned to locations throughout the world. The survey was designed to assess the CGOs' current job satisfaction and their intentions towards making a career out of the Air Force. Additionally, the survey measured the CGOs' perceptions of outsourcing, and how they feel that it will influence the Civil Engineer career field. Relationships were evaluated between the perceptions of outsourcing and job satisfaction, and between job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Overall, Civil Engineer CGOs reported a slightly positive level of satisfaction and a negative perception …

Empirical Evaluation Of The Civil Engineer Career Pyramid And Career Guidance, Travis K. Leighton

Theses and Dissertations

Air Force civil engineer officers rely on published guidance to assist in establishing their career objectives. This thesis uses empirical data to evaluate the published Air Force career guidance. The data set is comprised of complete duty histories from all active duty lieutenant colonels in the civil engineer career field. The guidance implies a career path to become a civil engineer squadron commander but provides no empirical validation. This thesis follows a rigorous procedure to objectively evaluate the Air Force guidance. The guidance is translated into 24 research questions based on its main tenets. Each duty occurrence is categorized by …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Performance-Based Seismic Engineering Of Low And Medium-Rise Steel Frames, Saeid Rashidi

Dissertations

The performance level of low and medium-rise steel frames designed according to the common force/strength approach of the UBC or NEHRP is determined. Several combinations of soil profile type, lateral-force-resisting system, and frame-member proportioning are included in the designs.

To evaluate the expected damage, nonlinear models of the designed frames are subjected to a number of actual and simulated ground motion accelerograms and appropriate structural response parameters such as, interstory drift, ductility demand, and dissipated hysteretic energy are obtained. In addition, a modified form of Park-Ang damage index is calculated for moment-resisting frames. The seismic performance of the steel frames …

The Influence Of High Performance Matrices On Fracture Behavior Of Concrete, Pusit Lertwattanaruk

Dissertations

Modification of cement matrices by the addition of micro particle pozzolanic materials such as silica fume and fly ash is known to improve the strength of concrete, but its contributions to fracture behavior remains unclear. In this study, the influence of replacing cement by silica fume and fly ash on the cement matrix-coarse aggregate interfacial bond, compressive stress-strain behavior and fracture behavior of concrete is investigated.

While the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) concept is not appropriate for concrete, a nonlinear fracture model based on the load vs. load-line deflection and the load vs. crack-mouthopening displacement (CMOD) responses of the …

Utilization Of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash In Cement Mortars, Manaskorn Rachakornkij

Dissertations

Disposal of municipal solid waste has become a major problem in many countries around the world. With the benefits of substantial weight and volume reduction and potential energy recovery, incineration has become a promising municipal solid waste (MSW) management option. Despite the fact that incineration reduces volume and mass of the wastes by as much as 80%, there are still residues to be properly managed. This research is aimed at evaluating the potential of different types of MSWI fly ash from an incineration facility to be used in cement mortars by using existing standard test methods for cement and coal …

Finite Fraction Method For Tracking Desinfection By-Product Precursors In Water Treatment, Doanh Van

Dissertations

Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) has been the subject of recent regulatory activities and agenda. Among them are the Infonnation Collection Rule (ICR), the Disinfectants/Disinfection By-Product Rule (D/DBPR) and the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (ESWTR). Both the latter two have provisions to limit the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) by controlling reactivity and removal of DOM or both. Brief regulatory review of these rules was given.

Although the topic of DBP formation potential and DBP precursor removal have been studied by many researchers since Rooks (1974), the efficacy of methods that have been developed to date has been handicapped …

Post-Cracking Tensile Properties Of Advanced Cementitious Materials And Ductility Of High Performance Concrete Beams, Wonsiri Punurai

Theses

In present direct tension tests, the complete stress-deformation curves, the resulting energy dissipated by damage, and the fracture energy of different types of cementitious composites, namely plain concrete, high strength concrete, normal fibrous concrete, high strength fibrous concrete, are studied and a ductility factor is calculated. It has been found that with the increasing strength of concrete due to the addition of the pozzoians such as silica fume and fly ash and when changing from normal strength to high strength, concrete ductility decreases. However, when fibers are combined with these matrices, concrete ductility increases. It is because of ductile steel …

Crash Testing Of Michigan's Type B (W-Beam) Guardrail System - Phase Ii, Karla A. Polivka, Dean L. Sicking, John A. Rohde, Ronald K. Faller, James C. Holloway

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

Michigan Department of Transportation's Type B (W-beam) longitudinal barrier system was constructed and crash tested. The barrier design was constructed with a 2.66-mm (12-gauge) thick W-beam rail totaling 53.34 m in length. The W-beam rail was supported by twenty-five W152.13.4 steel posts, each measuring 1,830-mm long, and four standard BCT posts, each measuring 1,080-mm long. Each of the steel posts had a 152.203 by 360-mm long standard wood offset blockout. Post spacings were 1,905-mm on center.

The research study included full-scale vehicle crash testing, using a 3/4-ton pickup truck. The test vehicle impacted at a speed of 99.8 km/hr and …

Governing Yield Modes For Common Bolted And Nailed Wood Connections, Brian J. Tucker, David Pollock, Kenneth J. Fridley, Jeffrey J. Peters

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Connections in wood structures are important when designing for ductility. The 1997 Uniform Building Code has taken this into consideration when designating wind and earthquake load duration factors for connections. Factors of 1.6 or 1.33 may be applied to the connection strength, depending on the type of yield mode exhibited by the connection, which may be determined from the yield limit equations supplied in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). The NDS provides the designer with multiple tables containing capacities for various common connections. Unfortunately, yield modes are not published along with tabulated capacities. Therefore, the designer must …

Field Interpretation Of Latitude And Longitude In Arkansas: A Portable Coordinate Projection, William R. Teague

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Two- and three-dimensional coordinate systems are fundamental to most quantitative mapping applications. The Geodetic, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM),and State Plane systems have traditional roles in various science, surveying, and government agency engineering applications. The coordinates of three-dimensional Geodetic system are latitude, longitude, and height above ellipsoid (HAE).Because of its ability to cope with the intrinsically three dimensional character of the earth's surface, the Geodetic system is capable of supporting precise relative positioning and very high accuracy computations of distance between any two positions on or near the earth's surface. The two-dimensional UTMand State Plane systems are extremely useful for the …

Matrix Structural Analysis, 2nd Edition, William Mcguire, Richard H. Gallagher, Ronald D. Ziemian

Faculty Books

The aims of the first edition of Matrix Structural Analysis were to place proper emphasis on the methods of matrix structural analysis used in practice and to lay the groundwork for more advanced subject matter. This extensively revised Second Edition accounts for changes in practice that have taken place in the intervening twenty years. It incorporates advances in the science and art of analysis that are suitable for application now, and will be of increasing importance in the years ahead. It is written to meet the needs of both the present and the coming generation of structural engineers.

KEY FEATURES …

Improved Regression-Based Streamflow Forecasting Considering Large-Scale Climate Variability, Austin R. Fisher

Dissertations and Theses

The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) produces water supply forecasts for most of the streams in the western United States. The NRCS produces forecasts starting in January, when snow course measurements of snow water equivalent were available. Although the seasonal streamflow volume forecasts made by the NRCS are useful, many water supply managers need information at the beginning of the water year in October and would like to see forecasts in the form of a monthly hydrograph.

An investigation into the effect of decadal scale variability, as reflected by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), show important relationships that may be …

Seasonal And Spatial Variation Of Subgrade Response, Mustaque Hossain, Stefan Romanoschi, Andrew J. Gisi

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive

Temperature, subgrade moisture content, and Falling Weight Defleetometer (FWD)-deflection data were collected monthly on four asphalt pavement test sections in Kansas for a year. The subgrade moduli were baekealeulated using the elastic layer theory. It was found that for almost all sites, the monthly variation in subgrade moisture content was not very significant over the seasons. The patterns of subgrade response, in terms of subgrade moduli versus time, simulated sine-shaped forms signifying a possible temperature effect. Higher variabilities across the site were associated with the extreme temperature conditions, usually very low or high average pavement temperatures. In all cases, the …

A Methodology To Estimate Load And Non-Load Shares Of Highway Pavement Routine Maintenance And Rehabilitation Expenditures, Zongzhi Li, Kumares C. Sinha

JTRP Technical Reports

The present study focused on the estimation of load and non-load shares of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation expenditures. The information provides the basis for the allocation of pavement-related expenditures in a highway cost allocation study. A comprehensive database was developed in the study, and an aggregate performance approach was used based on econometric models. This approach utilizes the marginal effect of traffic loading to quantify the load and non-load shares of pavement routine maintenance and rehabilitation expenditures. The study revealed that the share of pavement damage attributable to load and non-load factors depends on several factors such as the type …

A Field Study Of Scour Monitoring Devices For Indiana Streams, Thomas J. Cooper, Huey-Long Chen, Dennis A. Lyn, A. Ramachandra Rao, A. G. Altschaeffl

JTRP Technical Reports

INDOT is considering the deployment of fixed scour-monitoring instrumentation as part of a systematic response to the problem of scour around bridge piers. Fixed-in-place automated scour-monitoring devices measure the depth of scour at the point where they are installed. Unless they are installed at the location where maximum scour occurs, their readings may give a misleading estimate of scour potential. This raises a number of technical issues concerning their effective deployment and the interpretation of the collected data, which should be resolved in order to maximize the benefits to INDOT from using these monitoring devices. These include the location of …

Borman Expressway Point-To-Point Wireless Modem, J. V. Krogmeier, Michael P. Fitz

JTRP Technical Reports

The Federal Highway Administration has a nationwide allocation of five frequency pairs in the 220-222 MHz Narrowband Radio Services band which are intended for application in Intelligent Transportation Systems. These frequencies are available for use by state DOTs (subject to FHWA approval) and provide an attractive solution for certain low to medium bit rate data communications applications. However, given the limited bandwidth available in these channels, very efficient modems will be required to make maximum beneficial use of this resource. The goal of this project was to design, field test, and deploy a digital radio which uses the 220-222 MHz …

Construction Data Management 2000, Bob G. Mccullouch

JTRP Technical Reports

Construction Data Management 2000 was a project designed to help guide INDOT into using emerging technologies to meet data management needs in the construction process. The landscape at INDOT has changed, having been shaped through the factors of increased workloads, a reduced number of employees, and increasing dependence on outside consultants to fill the needs. This has resulted in changing roles for INDOT employees creating differing data management needs. This project looked into this area, studied various answers, and is recommending solutions. This report describes the work performed and proposes recommendations with supporting documentation. The original project scope had the …

Determination Of Practical Esals Per Truck Values On Indiana Roads, Sedat Gulen, John Nagle, John Weaver, Victor Lee Gallivan

JTRP Technical Reports

The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) has been using ESAL (Equivalent Single Axle Load) values for pavement design. The current ESAL values were obtained in the late 1970. However, truck deregulation and higher allowable maximum loads have increased the 1970's values. Updated ESAL values are needed for better road designs. The 1998 and 1999 traffic data from the all Weight-in-Motion (WIM) stations were obtained and used to compute updated ESAL values for multiple unit trucks (Class 9/F-9) and single unit trucks (Class 5, 6 and 7). Statistical analyses indicated that average ESAL values for 1998 and 1999 are statistically the …

Field Implementation Of Bioremediation At Indot Facilities-Phase I, Loring F. Nies, Brett Robert Baldwin, Matthew B. Mesarch

JTRP Technical Reports

Bioremediation is often the most cost-effective and successful technique available for the remediation of soils and groundwater contaminated with organic pollutants (e.g. petroleum). The goal of bioremediation is to stimulate naturally occurring microorganisms to biodegrade the contaminants to harmless products. To be in compliance with EPA regulations all underground fuel storage tanks must have spill, leak and corrosion protection. Many older obsolete tanks had deteriorated to the extent that petroleum products had leaked into the environment. In the past, petroleum contaminated soils were typically excavated, followed by landfilling of the contaminated material. The continued use of landfills for disposal of …

Evaluation Of Scour And Stream Stability By Using Caesar, Huey-Long Chen, A. Ramachandra Rao, Dennis A. Lyn, A. G. Altschaeffl

JTRP Technical Reports

The performance of an expert system (CAESAR for Catalog and Expert Evaluation of Scour Risk and River Stability) for an initial evaluation of scour and stream stability was assessed. Three alternative scour indices are used to compare with the evaluation results of CAESAR. These scour indices include the Observed Streambed Scour index, the INDOT Potential Streambed Scour Index, and the Simon Potential Streambed Scour Index. Ten bridges in Indiana are selected for evaluation in this study. The scour indices and the field inspection information required by CAESAR are retrieved from the USGS data base. In general, the results show that …

Effect Of Fine Aggregate Angularity On Asphalt Mixture Performance, Chih-Jen Lee, Thomas D. White, Terry R. West

JTRP Technical Reports

Superpave aggregate qualification includes the fine aggregate angularity (FAA). Fine aggregate angularity levels used in the Superpave system are below 40, 40 to 45 and above 45. The higher values are specified for layers near the surface and for higher traffic levels. The objective of this study was to address the effect of fine aggregate angularity on asphalt mixture rutting performance. A total of 18 mixtures were designed according to the Superpave volumetric design criteria. A surface mixture utilizing a partially crushed 9.5mm coarse aggregate and a single PG 64-22 binder were utilized. The poor quality coarse aggregate was used …

Indot Training Needs Study, Ray E. Eberts, Jodi S. Goodman, Bob G. Mccullouch, Kumares C. Sinha

JTRP Technical Reports

During the strategic plan development process, the INDOT staff identified a list of possible training needs, which included suggestions for workshops, certification procedures, training sessions for interpersonal communication, computer skills, and video conferencing, as well as more specific topics such as hazardous areas and clean up of contaminated soil. This study’s objective is to assess current and future training needs at INDOT on a comprehensive basis, as well as analyze current and future trends in order to fulfill the INDOT strategic goals and objectives.

Optical Imaging Method For Bridge Painting Maintenance And Inspection, Luh M. Chang, Yasser Abdelrazig, Po-Han Chen

JTRP Technical Reports

The term "quality" is defined as the conformance to predetermined requirements or specifications. These requirements may be set in terms of the end result required or as a detailed description of how work should be executed. Recently, there has been increasing interest in quality assurance in the construction industry. Quality assurance includes design and planning, sampling, inspection, testing, and assessment to ensure that end products perform according to specifications. This research proposes a new quality assessment model for highway steel bridges and more specifically for coating rust assessment. The research proposes a hybrid model using image processing and neural networks …

New Treatment Combinations For Vegetation Management Along Indiana Roadsides, D. James Morré

JTRP Technical Reports

This report represents results from a project for research to develop and implement new treatment mixtures for control of problem brush, trees and other woody species and herbicide-resistant weeds along Indiana roadsides. An environmentally safe mixture of trichlopyr (Galon Herbicide) and ammonium nitrate for one application control of deciduous roadside vegetation was developed. Also discovered and developed was a new, environmentally safe and effective TR series of additives that enhance the action of the auxin herbicides (trichlopyr, 2,4-D, picloram) for inclusion in both the brush control mixtures and control of milkweed, Canada thistle, bindweed, ground cherry and other perennial, herbicide-resistant …

A Laboratory Sensitivity Study Of Hydraulic Parameters Important In The Deployment Of Fixed-In-Place Scour-Monitoring Devices, Dennis A. Lyn, E. Neseem, A. Ramachandra Rao, A. G. Altschaeffl

JTRP Technical Reports

INDOT is considering the deployment of fixed scour-monitoring instrumentation as part of a systematic response to the problem of scour around bridge piers. Fixed-in-place automated scour-monitoring devices measure the depth of scour at the point where they are installed. Unless they are installed at the location where maximum scour occurs, their readings may give a misleading estimate of scour potential. This raises a number of technical issues concerning their effective deployment and the interpretation of the collected data, which should be resolved in order to maximize the benefits to INDOT from using these monitoring devices. These include the location of …

Monitoring Of Long-Term Performance Of Highway Bridge Columns Retrofitted By Advanced Composite Jackets In Indiana, Ming-Hung Teng, Elisa D. Sotelino, Wai-Fah Chen

JTRP Technical Reports

The service life of highway bridges is limited by the deterioration of their substructure components. In the U.S., it is estimated that more than 240,000 (about 40%) of the highway bridges are functionally or structurally deficient. Repairing these deteriorated bridges using traditional methods is usually time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, these methods are such that they can cause a number of problems, such as being a threat to public safety and severe traffic disruption. Thus, it is important that new safer and more efficient methods be developed. Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) have a great potential to provide such a solution. Due …

Utilizing Gis Technology To Improve Indot Pavement Friction Data Management And Distribution, Karen Zhu

JTRP Technical Reports

Pavement friction condition provides an important parameter in selecting highway rehabilitation and maintenance projects. The Research Division of Indiana Department of Transportation has been conducting annual pavement friction testing on the Indiana highway network. Due to the large amount of data accumulated, an efficient system is in demand for data management. In this project, we developed a computer program that constitutes an integrated system for friction data management and distribution. In the developed system, database technology was utilized for data storage and organization; networking technology was utilized for real-time data distribution; geographic information systems (GIS) technology as well as computer …

Examination Of Post-Tensioned Steel Bridges In Indiana, Hung-I Wu, Mark D. Bowman

JTRP Technical Reports

The purpose of the research study is to conduct an investigation to understand the performance of a relatively new type of bridge construction that involves prestressed (post-tensioned) steel-concrete composite bridge members. Strictly speaking, the technical and economical advantages of this type of structure have been understood for several decades. However, the application of this concept to practice is still very limited due to difficulties associated with the post-tensioning anchorage. The study was thus intended to explore the mechanical behavior of such construction. Both the short-term and long-term bridge performance were evaluated in this study.

The investigation included experimental as well …