Engineering Commons^™

Bridge Instrumentation And The Development Of Non-Destructive And Destructive Techniques Used To Estimate Residual Tendon Stress In Prestressed Girders, Brian Michael Kukay

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research embodied a three-prong approach for directly determining the residual prestress force of prestressed concrete bridge girders. For bridges that have yet to be constructed, outfitting girders with instrumentation is a highly effective means of determining residual prestress force in prestressed concrete bridge girders. This constitutes the first prong. Still, many bridges are constructed without such instrumentation. For these bridges, a destructive technique can be used to directly determine the residual prestress in a prestressed concrete bridge girder. This implies that the girder(s) being tested have already been taken out of service. This constitutes the second prong.

For bridges …

Models And Algorithms For Addressing Travel Time Variability: Applications From Optimal Path Finding And Traffic Equilibrium Problems, Zhong Zhou

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An optimal path finding problem and a traffic equilibrium problem are two important, fundamental, and interrelated topics in the transportation research field. Under travel time variability, the road networks are considered as stochastic, where the link travel times are treated as random variables with known probability density functions. By considering the effect of travel time variability and corresponding risk-taking behavior of the travelers, this dissertation proposes models and algorithms for addressing travel time variability with applications from optimal path finding and traffic equilibrium problems. Specifically, two new optimal path finding models and two novel traffic equilibrium models are proposed in …

Calculated Surface Velocity Coefficients For Prismatic Open Channels By Three-Dimensional Hydraulic Modeling, Nat Marjang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A turbulence model was developed for computing surface velocity coefficients and discharge under steady, uniform flow conditions for rectangular and compound open-channel cross sections. Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, Reynolds stress equations, and kinetic energy and dissipation equations were applied in the model using the finite-volume method with the SIMPLER algorithm. The models show graphical results of the velocity distributions in the longitudinal bed slope direction, secondary velocities, pressure, turbulence kinetic energy, and kinetic energy dissipation rate across the cross section. Also, the surface velocity coefficients were computed at increments of one-eighth of the base width from the vertical walls to …

Transitional Flow Between Orifice And Non-Orifice Regimes At A Rectangular Canal Gate, Omar Alminagorta Cabezas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main objective of this research was to analyze the hydraulic transition between non-orifice and orifice flow regimes at a rectangular sluice gate through the calibration of various discharge equations, and determining the value of a coefficient, which defines the transition between orifice and non-orifice flow conditions. The second objective was to determine whether a single equation could be used to represent the stage-discharge relationship for both free and submerged non-orifice flow through a rectangular sluice gate.

Several hundred data sets were collected in a hydraulic laboratory, each including the measurement of water upstream depth and downstream for five different …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Development Of Prediction Models Of High Temperature Crumb Rubber Modified Binders, Carl Thodesen

All Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to identify and model critical elements of the asphalt rubber matrix contributing to the crumb rubber modified (CRM) binder properties as measured by Superpave testing procedures. Current models are neither applicable (due to new testing procedures) nor practical (due to the difficulty of application or lack of accuracy). Therefore, this research investigated the development of predictive models for estimating binder properties within a specified range of accuracy.
Multiple crumb rubber sources were evaluated in order to gain an understanding of the differences between the various crumb rubbers. This analysis permitted identification of the important …

A Comparison Of Nondestructive Testing Backcalculation Techniques For Rigid And Flexible Pavements, Trenton Ellis

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

In designing new pavements, engineers rely on many different measures to characterize the average traffic, climate and soil conditions of the region. Of those, soil conditions are the most elusive, but are also the most crucial for designing a pavement of proper thickness and stiffness. This problem is compounded when the design is for an overlay instead of a new pavement. For overlay designs, engineers require a quantitative characterization of the strength of the existing pavement as well as the underlying soil. Especially for new Mechanistic-Empirical design procedures, direct measures and/or estimates of pavement stiffness are essential inputs. A variety …

Effects Of Warm Asphalt Additives On Asphalt Binder And Mixture Properties, Tejash Gandhi

All Dissertations

With increasing concerns of global warming and increasing emissions, the asphalt industry is making a constant effort to lower its emissions by reducing the mixing and compaction temperatures of the asphalt mixture without affecting the properties of the mix. Several proprietary chemicals are available in the industry that can help reduce the mixing and compaction temperatures. A significant reduction of required heat can be achieved in most cases. While some studies have been conducted to evaluate the properties of warm mix asphalt; properties of binders and mixtures, in fresh and aged conditions, containing these chemicals have not been studied in …

Sustainable Portland: Implementation Series 1, New England Environmental Finance Center

Climate Change

When the Sustainable Portland Task Force Report was released in November 2007, under the leadership of Mayor Jim Cohen, Portland Councilor Kevin Donoghue had the idea that students at the Muskie School of Public Service might be able to help implement recommendations from the report. It may have helped that Kevin was himself a graduate of the Community Planning and Development Master’s program at the Muskie School, but it was a good idea nevertheless. He approached Professor Sam Merrill in the CPD program, who spoke with the new Mayor Ed Suslovic about a possible partnership between the City and the …

Impact Of Lateral Swell Pressure On Retaining Structure Design Using Expansive Cohesive Backfill, Mark G. Thomas

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Since cohesive soils are difficult to drain once becoming saturated, in order to reduce lateral earth pressures exerted by saturated cohesive soils on retaining structures, retaining wall designs most always specify use of drainable granular backfill. However, costs for the importation of granular backfill materials continues to increase due to depletion of these materials in certain areas, and to the ever-increasing costs for material transportation, largely related to increased labor and fuel prices. These factors, together with the costs of removing replaced cohesive materials, and coupled with resource and environmental conservation concerns, are driving efforts to develop reasonable and prudent …

Non-Linear Finite Element Dynamic Analysis Of Tapered Hollow Steel Poles For Passive Base Isolation, Tri Le

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Long tapered poles are commonly used to support Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras for security and traffic monitoring. Images received from CCTV are normally distorted depending on the wind induced vibration characteristics of the forcing function. To reduce image distortion, three approaches are integrated to optimize the process, which are: (1) development of equations for pole's frequency of vibration in terms of its geometric variables; (2) development of a mechanical damping device to isolate the pole's vibration from that of the camera; and (3) development of an electrical image processing device for image corrections. The identification of a pole's natural …

Dynamic Properties Of Compacted Soils Using Resonant Column With Self-Contained Bender Elements, Roshnara Mohammad

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

A comprehensive series of resonant column and bender elements tests were simultaneously performed in the developed RC/BE apparatus. RC/BE tests were conducted on compacted specimens of poorly graded sand (SP) and high plasticity clay (CH) prepared at different moisture contents (17.7, 22.1, 25.5, 30.2% by weight for clay, and 5, 10, 15, 20% by weight for sand) and under different confining pressures (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 psi, or 0, 17.2, 34.4, 69.0 kPa) in order to assess the influence of key environmental factors, such as compaction induced suction and confining pressure, on small-strain stiffness properties of unsaturated soils, such …

Determination Of Creep Compliance And Tensile Strength Of Hot-Mix Asphalt For Wearing Courses In Missouri, David Newton Richardson, S. M. Lusher

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Creep compliance and indirect tensile (IDT) strength of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) are the two primary inputs to the low-temperature or thermal cracking module in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (M-E PDG) software. Creep compliance is defined as time-dependent strain per unit stress, while IDT strength is best defined as HMA strength when subjected to tension. AASHTO T 322 test protocol was used as reference for this work. However in preparation for the laboratory work performed at the Missouri University of Science and Technology many experts were consulted as to how IDT creep/strength testing and calculations are actually being performed. …

Parallel Mpi/Fortran Finite Element Symmetrical/Unsymmetrical Domain Decomposition, Siroj Tungkatara

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

MPI/FORTRAN finite element analysis software based on Domain Decomposition (DD) formulas has been developed in this work. Efficient input data storage/data communication schemes, domain partitioning, fast symbolical and numerical sparse assembly, symmetrical/unsymmetrical sparse solver and robust symmetrical/unsymmetrical iterative solvers algorithms are all incorporated into the developed code. Parallel Precondition Conjugated Gradient (PCG) and Flexible Generalized Minimum Residual (FGMRES) are developed. Efficient computational techniques used in the developed code are explained. Numerical performance and the accuracy of the developed code are conducted on acoustic examples with medium to large grid sizes. The results obtained from ODU Wilbur cluster (under parallel processing …

A Study Of Co2 Absorption Using Jet Bubble Column, Setiadi Setiadi, Nita Tania Hadiyani, Hantizen Hantizen, Dijan Supramono

Makara Journal of Technology

A Study of CO2 Absorption Using Jet Bubble Column. The phenomenon of plunging jet gas-liquid contact occurs quite often in nature, it's momentum carries small air bubbles with it into the reactor medium. The momentum of the liquid stream can be sufficient to carry small bubbles completely to the bottom of the vessel. A stream of liquid falling toward a level surface of that liquid will pull the surrounding air along with it. It will indent the surface of the liquid to form a trumpet-like shape. If the velocity of the stream is high enough, air bubbles will be pulled …

Limit States And Load And Resistance Design Of Slopes And Retaining Structures, Dongwook Kim, Rodrigo Salgado

JTRP Technical Reports

Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methods for slopes and MSE walls were developed based on probability theory. The complexity in developing LRFD for slopes and MSE walls results from the fact that (1) the representation of spatial variability of soil parameters of slopes using Gaussian random field is computationally demanding and (2) LRFD of MSE walls requires examination of multiple ultimate limit states for both external and internal stability checks.

For each design case, a rational framework is developed accounting for different levels of target probability of failure (or target reliability index) based on the importance of the structure. …

Comparison Of Characteristics Between Fatal And Injury Accidents In The Highway Construction Zones, Yingfeng Li, Yong Bai

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Highway construction zone safety has been a research focus in many countries for many decades. In the United States, regardless of the research efforts devoted, highway construction zones remain a serious safety concern for government agencies, legislatures, the highway industry, and the traveling public. In this study, the fatal and injury accidents between 1992 and 2004 in Kansas highway construction zones were examined systematically and their major characteristics were compared. The results showed significant differences between fatal and injury accidents in the construction zones. The researchers found that: (1) head-on was the dominant type for fatal accidents while rear-end was …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Development Of Inverter Fuzzy Logic Control For Induction Motor Control By Vector Control Method In Electric Vehicle, Era Purwanto, Mohammad Ashary, Subagio Subagio, Mauridhi Heri Purnomo

Makara Journal of Technology

The development of Inverter Fuzzy Logic Control for Induction Motor Control by Vector Control Method in Electric Vehicle. In response to concerns about energy cost, energy dependence, and environmental damage, a rekindling of interest in electric vehicles (EV’s) has been obvious. Thus, the development of power electronics technology for EV’s will take an accelerated pace to fulfill the market needs, regarding with the problem in this paper is presented development of fuzzy logic inverter in induction motor control for electric vehicle propulsion. The Fuzzy logic inverter is developed in this system to directed toward developing an improved propulsion system for …

Internet Congestion Control System, Pranoto Hidaya Rusmin, Carmadi Machbub, Agung Harsoyo, Hendrawan Hendrawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Internet Congestion Control System. Internet congestion occurs when resource demands exceeds the network capacity. But, it is not the only reason. Congestion can happen on some users because some others user has higher sending rate. Then some users with lower sending rate will experience congestion. This partial congestion is caused by inexactly feedback. At this moment congestion are solved by the involvement of two controlling mechanisms. These mechanisms are flow/congestion control in the TCP source and Active Queue Management (AQM) in the router. AQM will provide feedback to the source a kind of indication for the occurrence of the congestion …

Substrates Preparation From Woody Tropical Waste Biomass For Biohydrogen Production, Dwi Susilaningsih, Theresia Umi Harwati, Khairul Anam, Yopi Yopi

Makara Journal of Technology

Substrates Preparation from Woody Tropical Waste Biomass for Biohydrogen Production. Addressing to the global warming problem, energy crisis and pollution, hydrogen production by micro-organisms using biotechnological approach should be considered, since it fulfils the recent society requirement to safely produce, renewable and environmental friendly energy. Hydrogen is one of the most promising green energy sources, because it is easily converted to electricity and cleanly combustible. There are three types of micro-organisms for hydrogen production, the first is cyanobacteria through the photosynthesis process, the second is anaerobic bacteria, which use organic substances as electron donor and energy and convert them to …

Building Fire Safety Audit At Faculty X, University Of Indonesia, Year 2006, Fatma Lestari, Rm. Yodan Amaral Panindrus

Makara Journal of Technology

Building Fire Safety Audit at Faculty X, University of Indonesia, Year 2006. Fire may cause loss of life, material and valuable assets. The objective of this study is to conduct audit for fire safety and emergency response in the building at Faculty X, University of Indonesia, Depok. The audit results on the building fire safety facilities including emergency response and preparedness are then compared to the Building Code Australia (BCA) and Indonesian regulation on the building fire safety (Kep.MenPU.No 10 and 11/KPTS/2000). The building selected are Building A, B, C, D, F and G. Building classification for A, B, D, …

Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (Aodv) Routing Protocol Performance Evaluation On Hybrid Ad Hoc Network: Comparison Of Result Of Ns-2 Simulation And Implementation On Testbed Using Pda, Riri Fitri Sari, Abdusy Syarif, Bagio Budiardjo

Makara Journal of Technology

Ad Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing Protocol Performance Evaluation on Hybrid Ad Hoc Network: Comparison of Result of Ns-2 Simulation and Implementation on Testbed using PDA. In Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET), node supplemented with wireless equipment has the capacity to manage and organise autonomously, without the presence of network infrastructures. Hybrid ad hoc network, enable several nodes to move freely (mobile) to create instant communication. Independent from infrastructure. They could access the Local Area Network (LAN) or the Internet. Functionalities of ad hoc network very much dependent on the routing protocol that determines the routing around node. Ad …

Biomass Production Chlorella Vulgaris Buitenzorg Using Series Of Bubble Column Photo Bioreactor With A Periodic Illumination, Anondho Wijanarko, Dianursanti Dianursanti, Muryanto Muryanto, Josia Simanjuntak, Praswasti Pembangun Dyah Kencana Wulan, Heri Hermansyah, Misri Gozan, Roekmijati Widaningroem Soemantojo

Makara Journal of Technology

Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg cultivation using three bubble column photo bioreactors arranged in series with a volume of 200 mL for 130 hours shows an increase of biomass production of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg up to 1.20 times and a decrease of the ability of CO2 fixation compared to single reactor at a periodic sun illumination cycle. The operation conditions on cultivation are as following: T, 29.0oC; P,1 atm.; UG, 2.40 m/h; CO2, 10%; Benneck medium; and illumination source by Phillip Halogen Lamp 20W /12V/ 50Hz. Other research parameters such as microbial carbon dioxide transferred rate (qco2), CO2 transferred rate (CTR), energy …

The Effect Of Ozone And Zeolite Concentration To The Performance Of The Treatment Of Wastewater Containing Heavy Metal Using Flotation Process, Eva Fathul Karamah, Setijo Bismo, Hotdi M. Simbolon

Makara Journal of Technology

The Effect of Ozone and Zeolite Concentration to the Performance of the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Heavy Metal Using Flotation Process. Industrial wastewater which contains heavy metal cannot be disposed to the environment directly, due to its toxicity. In this research, separation of metal from wastewater was conducted by sorptive flotation method, using Lampung natural zeolite as bonding agent. The most common diffuser used in the flotation process is air or oxygen. In this research, ozone is used as diffuser because it is a stronger oxidant and more dissolvable in water than oxygen. Besides, ozone is a coagulant aid and …

The Role Of 1 And 9 Wt.% Zn In Precipitation Hardening Of Aa319 Aluminium, Bondan Tiara Sofyan, Sari Susanti, Ridwan R. Yusfranto

Makara Journal of Technology

The Role of 1 and 9 wt.% Zn in Precipitation Hardening of AA319 Aluminium. Aluminium alloys are widely used for automotive application due to its low density and high corrosion resistance. For economic reason, casting of automotive products always uses aluminium scrap as charging materials that may result in fluctuation of content of alloying element, such as Zn. This research studies the role of Zn in precipitation hardening of AA319 aluminium alloys. Hardness and tensile testing were conducted to study the mechanical properties of the alloys, while ageing response was followed by hardness measurements. Evolution of microstructures was observed by …

Factors Leading To Effectiveness And Satisfaction In Civil Engineer Information Systems, Donald C. Crabtree

Theses and Dissertations

The Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) has developed information systems in support of civil engineer operations. Over the last decade, the number of systems has grown to support the breadth of civil engineer functions. At this time, numerous (900+) decentralized systems support civil engineer functions around the world. Due to budget constraints, AFCESA is transforming civil engineer business processes to leverage the workforce in an optimized fashion. In support of this transition, AFCESA is posturing to acquire new information systems in support of civil engineer business processes. To help AFCESA improve upon its suite of information systems development …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

A Strategy For Reducing The Impact Of Driving Under Influence Of Intoxicants In Portland, Oregon, Christopher Monsere, Delia Chi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Driving under the influence of intoxicants (DUII) applies to operating a vehicle under the influence of any substance that can impair driving performance. Nationally and locally there is a strong desire to reduce the societal impacts of this significant social problem. The trend in U.S. alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes was generally decreasing in the mid to late 1980’s but has remained fairly flat since the early 1990s. In 1982, approximately 60% of all US traffic fatalities were alcohol-related. By 1994, this had decreased to 43% but in the decade that followed it has changed little. In 2005, nearly 39% of …

Davenport, Charles, 1862-1937 (Sc 1590), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and scan (Click on "Additional Files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 1590. Letter to the editor (Park City Daily News?) by Charles Davenport, reminiscing about growing up in the Warren County, Kentucky community of Greencastle. Includes photos of James Ford and Thomas L. Stephens, builders of the Greencastle lock and dam on Barren River.