Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Engineering Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Chemical Engineering

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 5011 - 5040 of 14169

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Effects Of Graphite/Partially Carbonized Hemp Hurd Particle Mass Ratios On Tribological Properties Of Polybenzoxazine Composites, Nuttarika Kunaroop Jan 2019

Effects Of Graphite/Partially Carbonized Hemp Hurd Particle Mass Ratios On Tribological Properties Of Polybenzoxazine Composites, Nuttarika Kunaroop

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work aims to study effects of friction modifiers, i.e., synthetic graphite and carbonized hemp hurd (CHH) on thermal stability, dynamic mechanical properties, mechanical properties, and tribological performances of polybenzoxazine-based friction composites. Simulation of brake pad and disc brake by using ANSYS simulation program to study behaviors of the friction modifier filled-polybenzoxazine composites, i.e. pressure distribution and wear rate was also investigated. The results show that when the CHH is added to the polybenzoxazine composites, the tribological, dynamic mechanical, and mechanical properties were significantly improved because of some lignocellulose structure of the partially CHH. While, thermal property i.e., thermal degradation …


Fabrication And Electrochemical Performance Of Nickel-Alloy-Foam-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell For Hydrogen Production From Steam, Ramin Visvanichkul Jan 2019

Fabrication And Electrochemical Performance Of Nickel-Alloy-Foam-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell For Hydrogen Production From Steam, Ramin Visvanichkul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The effect of CuO as a sintering additive on the electrolyte of solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) was investigated. 0.5 wt.% CuO was added into Sc0.1Ce0.05Gd0.05Zr0.89O2 (SCGZ) electrolyte as a sintering additive. An electrolyte-supported cell (Pt/SCGZ/Pt) was fabricated. Phase formation, relative density, and electrical conductivity were investigated. The cells were sintered at 1373 K to 1673 K for 4 h. The CuO significantly affected the sinterability of SCGZ. The SCGZ with 0.5 wt.% CuO achieved 95% relative density at 1573 K while the SCGZ without CuO could not be densified even at 1673 K. Phase transformation and impurity after CuO …


Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 To Value-Added Chemicals On Zn/Cu Alloy Catalysts Prepared By Electrodeposition, Phongsathon Klongklaew Jan 2019

Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 To Value-Added Chemicals On Zn/Cu Alloy Catalysts Prepared By Electrodeposition, Phongsathon Klongklaew

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this work, Zn/Cu alloy electrocatalysts prepared by electrodeposition of Zn on Cu foil (Zn/Cu) and electrodeposition of Zn and Cu on Cu foil (ZnCu/Cu) in different electrodeposition baths consisting of NaCl bath (Zn/Cu-Na, ZnCu/Cu-Na) and HCl bath (Zn/Cu-H, ZnCu/Cu-H) with deposition times 60 and 200 s were investigated in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2-ERC). As revealed by SEM-EDX and XRD results, the electroplating conditions affected the Zn structure being formed (dendrite or bulky). Under the conditions used, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 using these electrodes led to the formation of gaseous products including carbon monoxide and hydrogen and …


Capillary Forces In Partially Saturated Thin Fibrous Media, Ali Moghadam Jan 2019

Capillary Forces In Partially Saturated Thin Fibrous Media, Ali Moghadam

Theses and Dissertations

Capillarity is often exploited in self-cleaning, drag reducing and fluid absorption/storage (sanitary products) purposes just to name a few. Formulating the underlying physics of capillarity helps future design and development of optimized structures. This work reports on developing computational models to quantify the capillary pressure and capillary forces on the fibrous surfaces. To this end, the current study utilizes a novel mass-spring-damper approach to incorporate the mechanical properties of the fibers in generating virtual fibrous structures that can best represent fibrous membranes. Such virtual fibrous structures are then subjected to a pressure estimation model, developed for the first time in …


Primary Dendrite Trunk Diameter In Al-7wt% Si Alloy Directionally Solidified Aboard The International Space Station, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari, M. Ghodes, R. N. Grugel, D. R. Poirier, M. Lauer Jan 2019

Primary Dendrite Trunk Diameter In Al-7wt% Si Alloy Directionally Solidified Aboard The International Space Station, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari, M. Ghodes, R. N. Grugel, D. R. Poirier, M. Lauer

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Under a NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Agency)-ESA (European Space Agency) collaborative research project, MICAST (Microstructure formation in casting of technical alloys under a diffusive and magnetically controlled convection conditions), three Al-7wt% Si samples (MICAST-6, MICAST-7 and MICAST2-12) were directionally solidified at growth speeds varying from 10 to 50 µm s-1 aboard the International Space Station to determine the effect of mitigating convection on the primary dendrite array. The observed primary dendrite trunk diameters during steady-state growth of MICAST samples show a good agreement with predictions from a coarsening based model developed by the authors. The trunk diameters in …


Synthesis Of Zif-8 For The Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of Ethane To Produce Ethylene, Fausat Isu Jan 2019

Synthesis Of Zif-8 For The Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of Ethane To Produce Ethylene, Fausat Isu

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.


การประเมินค่าพารามิเตอร์ทางจลนศาสตร์สำหรับการออกซิไดซ์โทลูอีนบนตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา Moo3/Tio2 ที่ได้รับการปรับสภาพด้วยกรดซัลฟิวริกและออกแบบมาเพื่อใช้ในปฏิกิริยา Scr ในการรีดิวซ์ Nox ด้วย Nh3, นภสร นารอด Jan 2019

การประเมินค่าพารามิเตอร์ทางจลนศาสตร์สำหรับการออกซิไดซ์โทลูอีนบนตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา Moo3/Tio2 ที่ได้รับการปรับสภาพด้วยกรดซัลฟิวริกและออกแบบมาเพื่อใช้ในปฏิกิริยา Scr ในการรีดิวซ์ Nox ด้วย Nh3, นภสร นารอด

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ทำการศึกษาตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา MoO3/TiO2 บนตัวรองรับ TiO2 ที่ได้รับการปรับสภาพด้วยสารละลาย H2SO4 เข้มข้น 0, 0.2 และ 0.5 M ในการทำปฏิกิริยาโทลูอีนออกซิเดชัน เตรียมตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาด้วยวิธีการเคลือบฝังแบบเปียก ทำการการวิเคราะห์คุณลักษณะของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาด้วยเทคนิค Nitrogen Physisorption, XRD, NH3-TPD และ SEM-EDX การทดสอบความสามารถของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาทำในช่วงอุณหภูมิ 120 ถึง 400oC โดยใช้แก๊สผสมที่ประกอบด้วยโทลูอีนเข้มข้น 300 ถึง 400 ppm, O2 เข้มข้น 3, 12 และ 21 %vol ในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์แบบเบดนิ่งอุณหภูมิคงที่ จากการศึกษาพบว่าเมื่อพิจารณาผลของ O2 พบว่าเมื่อเพิ่มความเข้มข้นจาก 3 ถึง 12 % ค่า %Toluene conversion เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างเห็นได้ชัด แต่เมื่อเพิ่ม O2 ความเข้มข้น 12 ถึง 21 % กลับไม่ได้เพิ่มขึ้นมากเมื่อเทียบกับช่วงแรกที่ความเข้มข้นของ O2 ต่ำ พฤติกรรมนี้อาจบ่งชี้ได้ว่า เกิดปฏิกิริยาผ่านกลไกของแบบจำลอง REDOX และแม้ว่า %Toluene conversion จะสูง แต่กลับพบ CO2 ในปริมาณที่ต่ำจนไม่สามารถคำนวณหาปริมาณพื้นที่ที่แน่นอนได้ แสดงว่าผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ได้จากการออกซิไดซ์โทลูอีนนั้น อาจกลายเป็นสารประกอบอินทรีย์ที่มีจุดเดือดสูง เมื่อพิจารณาผลของค่าทางจลศาสตร์ ในกรณีของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาที่ไม่ได้รับการปรับสภาพด้วยกรด H2SO4 ในทุกความเข้มข้นของ O2 ปฏิกิริยาเกิดขึ้นด้วยกัน 2 ปฏิกิริยา คือปฏิกิริยาแรกมีค่า Ea ต่ำที่อยู่ในช่วง 21 ถึง 27 kJ/mol ซึ่งตรวจพบได้ในช่วงอุณหภูมิ 150 ถึง 275oC และปฏิกิริยาที่ 2 มีค่า Ea ที่สูงที่อยู่ในช่วง 56 ถึง 68 kJ/mol ซึ่งเห็นได้ในช่วงอุณหภูมิ …


Developing And Evaluating A Partition-Cavity Solar Thermochemical Reactor For Syngas Production Via Computational Fluid Dynamics, Han Zhang Jan 2019

Developing And Evaluating A Partition-Cavity Solar Thermochemical Reactor For Syngas Production Via Computational Fluid Dynamics, Han Zhang

Doctoral Dissertations

"Solar thermochemical processes are attractive since they have the advantages of storing solar energy as chemical fuels. In this dissertation, a partition-cavity solar thermochemical reactor was developed, and the heat and mass transfer of the solar thermochemical processes were numerically analyzed in this directly-irradiated reactor.

The reduction reaction of two-step CeO2/CeO2-δ solar redox process was investigated using the coupling of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM). The reduction rate was studied based on the catalyst textual properties and the reaction condition. The results revealed that the increase of catalyst specific surface area and the …


Novel Insights Into Low Salinity Water Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery In Sandstone Reservoirs, Hasan N. Al-Saedi Jan 2019

Novel Insights Into Low Salinity Water Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery In Sandstone Reservoirs, Hasan N. Al-Saedi

Doctoral Dissertations

"Ever growing global energy demand and the natural decline in oil production from mature oil fields have been the main incentives to search for methods to increase recovery efficiency for several decades. Water flooding is extensively applied worldwide to improve oil recovery. The recent drop in oil prices has turned the oil industry to the cheapest improved oil recovery (IOR) techniques, such as low salinity (LS) waterflooding. Also, the reduction in reservoir energy and the friendly environmental aspects of low salinity water flooding (LSWF) provide additional incentives for its use. That LS water requires decreasing only the active divalent cations …


Asphaltene Stability In Crude Oil During Carbon Dioxide Injection And Its Impact On Oil Recovery: A Review, Data Analysis, And Experimental Study, Sherif M. Fakher Jan 2019

Asphaltene Stability In Crude Oil During Carbon Dioxide Injection And Its Impact On Oil Recovery: A Review, Data Analysis, And Experimental Study, Sherif M. Fakher

Masters Theses

"Crude oils are usually associated with many compounds, some of which are favorable and others, which are not. One of the most unfavorable components of crude oil that pose severe operational problems and decreases oil production significantly are asphaltenes. These compounds are solids that are homogenized in the crude oil at room temperature but tend to separate from solution when agitated. They can deposit in the reservoir pores, wellbore, and transportation pipelines thus causing severe operational problems and oil recovery reduction.

Even though researchers have been studying asphaltenes for more than 100 years, there is still an ambiguity concerning asphaltene …


Investigating The Use Of Class C Flyash-Based Geopolymer Cement As A Potential Alternative To Portland Cement To Seal Co₂ Storage Wells, Priyesh Parimal Jani Jan 2019

Investigating The Use Of Class C Flyash-Based Geopolymer Cement As A Potential Alternative To Portland Cement To Seal Co₂ Storage Wells, Priyesh Parimal Jani

Masters Theses

"Capturing emitted carbon dioxide from the source of emission and storing it underground is one effective way to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and is called carbon capture and storage (CCS). For the successful CCS project, it is necessary to ensure long term storage of injected CO2 inside these selected reservoirs. Portland cement used to cast wells in these reservoirs degrade in CO2 environment and can create migration path for leakage of CO2. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review about the problem, to propose a new geopolymer …


Gel Composition And Brine Concentration Effect On Hydrogel Dehydration Subjected To Uniaxial Compression, Xinrui Zhao Jan 2019

Gel Composition And Brine Concentration Effect On Hydrogel Dehydration Subjected To Uniaxial Compression, Xinrui Zhao

Masters Theses

"Gel treatment is a process that injects the gel into a reservoir to control the conformance and improve the sweep efficiency of injection fluids. At a certain pressure gradient, the gel dehydrates in a reservoir due to mechanical forces. This work evaluates the effects of the gel composition and brine concentration on gel dehydration under uniaxial compression. A sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide based gel cross-linked with N, N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) was used for the study. The compression test is performed with a rheometer with a plate-plate geometry. The gel dehydration under pressure was measured to see how gel dehydration would be impacted by …


Breaker Evaluation And Formation Damage Remediation Of Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel (Rppg), Enze Zhou Jan 2019

Breaker Evaluation And Formation Damage Remediation Of Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel (Rppg), Enze Zhou

Masters Theses

"Re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel (RPPG) is a newly developed preformed particle gel for improving sweep efficiency and oil recovery by blocking or reducing the conductivity of fractures and fracture-like channels or conduits. However, RPPG has the potential to plug the facilities or damage the formation if a treatment is not properly conducted.

This work presents the performance of selected oxidizing breakers on the degradation of RPPG. The influence of a few factors on the degradation process was investigated, including breaker type, breaker concentration, temperature, gel concentration, gel aging time, and gel size. Results indicate that breaker type, concentration, and temperature …


Performance Investigation Of Surface Modified Ceramic Microfiltration Membranes And The Effects Of Ionic Strength, Choji Bitrus Daches Jan 2019

Performance Investigation Of Surface Modified Ceramic Microfiltration Membranes And The Effects Of Ionic Strength, Choji Bitrus Daches

Masters Theses

"The performance of ceramic membranes surface coated with cysteic acid to improve efficiency and reduce fouling rate was studied under two transmembrane pressure (TMP) and constant crossflow velocity (CFV). The filtration process was done in crossflow mode to allow for extended operation of the membranes. the performance of the membranes were determined in terms of the measured fluxes and on content rejection. Cleaning-in-place (CIP) was done on the membranes to ensure flux recovery after each run. The results showed significant improvement on the performance of the membranes with respect to high permeate fluxes and high oil content rejection (> 99.5%). …


Review And Data Analysis Of Low Salinity Water Effect Through Induced Fine Migration, Dawei Xu Jan 2019

Review And Data Analysis Of Low Salinity Water Effect Through Induced Fine Migration, Dawei Xu

Masters Theses

"Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) is well proved to be an effective EOR technology both in laboratory and field tests, however, the conditions for LSWF to work and EOR mechanism is still debatable. Up till now, many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the incremental oil recovery in sandstone by LSWF, for instance, fine migration, ionic exchange, wettability alteration and pH increase.

In this study, we only focus on low salinity water flooding effect through induced fine migration mechanism. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis using statistical analysis methods and explaining the mechanism of fine …


Impact Of Natural Fracture Induced Elastic Anisotropy On Completion And Hydraulic Fracturing Designs, Emre Can Dundar Jan 2019

Impact Of Natural Fracture Induced Elastic Anisotropy On Completion And Hydraulic Fracturing Designs, Emre Can Dundar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Shale has been usually recognized as a transverse isotropic (TI) medium in conventional geomechanical log interpretation due to its laminated nature. However, when natural fractures (NFs) exist in the rock body, additional elastic anisotropy can be introduced, converting Shale to an orthorhombic (OB) medium. Previous study illustrates that treating the naturally fractured shale rock as a TI medium by ignoring the NF-induced anisotropy can cause the erroneous estimation of the geomechanical properties (i.e. Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, brittleness index, and etc.) and in-situ stress. In this paper, the study is extended to quantify the impact of NF-induced elastic anisotropy on …


Mechanism Study Of Shale Gas Conversion Via Chemical Looping And Heterocatalytic Processes, Lei Bai Jan 2019

Mechanism Study Of Shale Gas Conversion Via Chemical Looping And Heterocatalytic Processes, Lei Bai

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The shale gas revolution has significantly changed the energy landscape in US. The technical-feasible, energy-effective schemes for shale gas combustion and utilization, especially from remote resources, have attracted increasing interest due to expensive transportation/distribution cost. In this research, for the first time, chemical looping combustion (CLC) of methane with inherent CO2 capture, oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and dehydro-aromatization (DHA) of ethane are systematically studied as promising alternatives at O2-rich, O2-lean and non-oxidative conditions, respectively.

Chemical looping combustion is bridging clean fuel combustion in energy production with inherent CO2 capture. CLC utilized an oxygen …


Multi-Responsive Macromolecular Coacervate Complexes For Efficient Biomolecular Encapsulation And Controlled Release, Adrian Lorenzana Jan 2019

Multi-Responsive Macromolecular Coacervate Complexes For Efficient Biomolecular Encapsulation And Controlled Release, Adrian Lorenzana

Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2018-19

The project investigates the mechanistic (entropic) formation of organic-inorganic coacervates with improved mechanical strength. We seek to control and modify material properties and stimuli-responsive characteristics of hybrid coacervates, and to explore new practical applications of organic-inorganic coacervate complexes, i.e. (bio)separation, wastewater treatment, drug delivery, battery electrolyte and electrodes.


Molecular Exchange Monte Carlo. A Generalized Method For Identity Exchanges In Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations, Mohammad Soroush Barhaghi Jan 2019

Molecular Exchange Monte Carlo. A Generalized Method For Identity Exchanges In Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations, Mohammad Soroush Barhaghi

Wayne State University Theses

A generalized identity exchange algorithm is presented for Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble. The algorithm, referred to as Molecular Exchange Monte Carlo (MEMC), may be applied to multicomponent systems of arbitrary molecular topology, and provides significant enhancements in the sampling of phase space over a wide range of compositions and temperatures. Three different approaches are presented for the insertion of large molecules, and the pros and cons of each method are discussed. The performance of the algorithms is highlighted through grand canonical Monte Carlo histogram-reweighting simulations performed on several systems, including 2,2,4-trimethylpentane+neopentane, butane+perfluorobutane, methane+n-alkanes, and water+impurity. Relative …


Characterization Of Pyrolysis Products From Slow Pyrolysis Of Live And Dead Vegetation Native To The Southern United States, Elham Amini, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Jonathan Deyoung, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher Jan 2019

Characterization Of Pyrolysis Products From Slow Pyrolysis Of Live And Dead Vegetation Native To The Southern United States, Elham Amini, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Jonathan Deyoung, David R. Weise, Thomas H. Fletcher

Faculty Publications

Prescribed (i.e., controlled) burning is a common practice used in many vegetation types in the world to accomplish a wide range of land management objectives including wildfire risk reduction, wildlife habitat improvement, forest regeneration, and land clearing. To properly apply controlled fire and reduce unwanted fire behavior, an improved understanding of fundamental processes related to combustion of live and dead vegetation is needed. Since the combustion process starts with pyrolysis, there is a need for more data and better models of pyrolysis of live and dead fuels. In this study, slow pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a pyrolyzer apparatus …


Pelletization Of Nickel Catalyst For Hydrogen Production From Glycerol Steam Reforming, Jinnawat Saengsawang Jan 2019

Pelletization Of Nickel Catalyst For Hydrogen Production From Glycerol Steam Reforming, Jinnawat Saengsawang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work investigated the pelletization of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for hydrogen production from glycerol steam reforming (GSR). Effects of preparation methods, binders, and pellet shapes (cylindrical/spherical) on the catalyst's physicochemical properties and catalytic performance in a fixed-bed reactor were considered. Freshly prepared catalyst was characterized with XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM/EDX, H2-TPR, and H2-chemisorption. The crushing strength of the catalyst pellets was also evaluated by a hydraulic press. GSR was carried out at a water to glycerol molar ratio of 9: 1, a total liquid flow rate of 0.04 ml/min, 600 ºC, and 1 atm. Ni/Al2O3 catalyst pellets showed superior catalytic performance …


Reinforcing Natural Rubber Latex Foam With Nano And Micro Cellulose Fibers Via Dunlop Method, Sirilak Phomrak Jan 2019

Reinforcing Natural Rubber Latex Foam With Nano And Micro Cellulose Fibers Via Dunlop Method, Sirilak Phomrak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Natural rubber latex foam (NRLF) was reinforced with micro- and nano-cellulose at a loading content of 5-20 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) via the Dunlop process. Cellulose powder from eucalyptus pulp and bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a microcellulose (MC) and nanocellulose (NC) reinforcing agent, respectively. NRLF, NRLF-MC, and NRLF-NC exhibited interconnected macroporous structures with a high porosity and a low-density. The forms contained pores with sizes in a range of 10-500 µm. As compared to MC, NC had a better dispersion inside the NRLF matrix and showed a higher adhesion to the NRLF matrix, resulting in a …


Prediction Of Catalyst Bed Density And Simulation Of Glycerol Steam Reformer For Hydrogen Production, Vorathorn Charoensuk Jan 2019

Prediction Of Catalyst Bed Density And Simulation Of Glycerol Steam Reformer For Hydrogen Production, Vorathorn Charoensuk

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

A simple method was proposed to generate a rigid model and to predict the packing density of catalyst using Blender software. It is a free and open-source 3D creation suite animating catalyst pellets freely falling into a container. The effects of different catalyst shapes (sphere and cylinder) and sizes (2–5 mm) on the packing density of catalyst bed were investigated. It was found that the void fraction decreased with decreasing catalyst pellet diameter for all reactor diameters (18-50 mm). Moreover, the void fraction decreased with increasing reactor size for all catalyst shapes and sizes. The results also showed that the …


เกราะแข็งกันกระสุนแบบหลายชั้นสมรรถนะสูงจากพอลิเบนซอกซาซีนคอมพอสิท : ผลของการเสริมแรงด้วยกราฟีน, ชุติมา มีสัจจานนท์ Jan 2019

เกราะแข็งกันกระสุนแบบหลายชั้นสมรรถนะสูงจากพอลิเบนซอกซาซีนคอมพอสิท : ผลของการเสริมแรงด้วยกราฟีน, ชุติมา มีสัจจานนท์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อพัฒนาวัสดุสำหรับใช้เป็นเกราะกันกระสุนคอมพอสิทแบบหลายชั้นจากวัสดุพอลิเบนซอกซาซีน-ยูรีเทนคอมพอสิท ที่เติมแผ่นกราฟีน (Graphene Nanoplatelets: GnPs) ปริมาณต่างๆ เสริมแรงด้วยเส้นใยอะรามิด เพื่อให้มีประสิทธิภาพในการต้านทานแรงปะทะทางขีปนะสูงขึ้นซึ่งมีตัวแปรที่สำคัญอย่างหนึ่งคือการดูดซับพลังงาน โดยศึกษาปริมาณการเติมแผ่นกราฟีนที่ 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, และ 0.75 เปอร์เซ็นต์โดยน้ำหนัก ต่อสมบัติทางกลของวัสดุ พบว่าการเติมแผ่นกราฟีนส่งผลต่อสมบัติทางกลของวัสดุ โดยการเติมปริมาณแผ่นกราฟีน 0.25 เปอร์เซ็นต์โดยน้ำหนัก เป็นปริมาณที่เหมาะสมที่สุดในการปรับปรุงสมบัติทางกลทั้งค่าความแข็งแรง มอดูลัส และโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งการดูดซับพลังงาน จึงเหมาะจะนำไปประยุกต์ใช้เป็นแผ่นดูดซับพลังงานของเกราะกันกระสุนคอมพอสิทแบบหลายชั้น และตรวจสอบความหนาของวัสดุคอมพอสิทที่เหมาะสมจะนำมาประยุกต์ใช้เป็นเกราะกันกระสุนคอมพอสิทแบบหลายชั้นโดยการจำลองด้วยโปรแกรม ANSYS AUTODYN รวมทั้งประเมินความสามารถในการต้านทานแรงปะทะทางขีปนะของเกราะกันกระสุนคอมพอสิทแบบหลายชั้นเมื่อทดสอบด้วยกระสุนขนาด 7.62 x 51 มม. ที่ความเร็วเฉลี่ย 847 ± 9.1 เมตรต่อวินาที และกระสุนขนาด 5.56 x 45 มม. ที่ความเร็วเฉลี่ย 950 ± 9.1 เมตรต่อวินาที ตามมาตรฐาน NIJ 0101.06 ในระดับภัยคุกคาม 3 หรือสูงกว่า พบว่าเกราะกันกระสุนคอมพอสิทแบบหลายชั้นที่ประกอบด้วยแผ่นที่ 1 วัสดุพอลิเบนซอกซาซีนคอมพอสิท เสริมแรงด้วยเส้นใยแก้ว แผ่นที่ 2 แผ่นโลหะ และแผ่นที่ 3 วัสดุพอลิเบนซอกซาซีน-ยูรีเทนคอมพอสิท เสริมแรงด้วยแผ่นกราฟีนที่ 0.25 เปอร์เซ็นต์โดยน้ำหนักและเส้นใยอะรามิด สามารถต้านทานการเจาะทะลุจากกระสุนทั้งสองชนิดได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ


Effects Of Alkyl-Substituted Aromatic Amines Of Polybenzoxazine On Friction And Wear Properties Of Brake Pads, Anun Wongpayakyotin Jan 2019

Effects Of Alkyl-Substituted Aromatic Amines Of Polybenzoxazine On Friction And Wear Properties Of Brake Pads, Anun Wongpayakyotin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work aims to study the effects of alkyl-substituted aromatic amines of polybenzoxazine resins used as binders of non-asbestos friction composite materials. Effects of thermosetting resins (BA-ot, BA-mt, BA-pt, BA-a, and BA-35x) used as a binder of friction composite materials on thermal stability, dynamic mechanical properties, mechanical properties, and tribological performances are investigated. The different chemical networks of polybenzoxazine resulting in differences in the crosslink density and glass transition temperature (Tg) of friction composite materials. The enhancement of crosslink density values of polybenzoxazine composites (F-BA-ot < F-BA-pt < F-BA-a < F-BA-mt < F-BA-35x) resulting to bind other ingredients stronger and more tightly. From the experiment, it can be concluded that the higher crosslink density will result in higher thermal and mechanical properties, lower friction coefficient, and lesser specific wear rate.


การสังเคราะห์แคลเซียมออร์โทฟอสเฟตจากเกล็ดปลากะพงขาว, ชยพัทธ์ ธรรมนิพิท Jan 2019

การสังเคราะห์แคลเซียมออร์โทฟอสเฟตจากเกล็ดปลากะพงขาว, ชยพัทธ์ ธรรมนิพิท

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปลากะพงขาวเป็นปลาเศรษฐกิจที่สำคัญของประเทศไทย เกล็ดปลากระพงถือเป็นของเสียจากอุตสาหกรรมแปรรูปอาหาร ซึ่งมีประมาณร้อยละ 4 ของน้ำหนัก เกล็ดจากปลากะพงขาวน้ำจืดที่ผลิตในประเทศไทยมีองค์ประกอบโดยน้ำหนักแห้งเป็นสารอนินทรีย์ร้อยละ 53.61 และสารอินทรีย์ร้อยละ 46.39 สภาวะที่เหมาะสมในการสกัดเกลือแร่โดยรักษาความคงตัวของโปรตีนคอลลาเจนที่อยู่ในเกล็ดปลา ระดับห้องปฏิบัติการ เริ่มจากการเตรียมเกล็ดปลาด้วยการล้างด้วยโซเดียมคลอไรด์ร้อยละ 10 ตามด้วยโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ 0.1 โมลาร์ เพื่อกำจัดโปรตีนที่ไม่ใช่คอลลาเจนและไขมันออกโดยใช้ปฏิกิริยาไฮโดรไลซิส เกล็ดปลาถูกตัดให้มีขนาด 0.0625 ตารางเซนติเมตรและทุบให้แตกเพื่อเพิ่มพื้นที่ผิว จากนั้นจึงสกัดเกลือแร่โดยใช้กรดไฮโดรคลอริกความเข้มข้น 1 โมลาร์ เป็นเวลาอย่างน้อย 6 ชั่วโมง แล้วสะเทินกลับเกลือแร่ด้วยการปรับพีเอชของสารละลายเป็น 7 ด้วยโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ และล้างโซเดียมคลอไรด์ที่เกิดจากการสะเทินด้วยน้ำปราศจากไอออนจำนวนมาก ผลจากวิธีการสกัดนี้ได้เกลือแร่ร้อยละ 52.97 โดยน้ำหนักแห้ง เกลือแร่นี้ถูกนำไปให้ความร้อนที่อุณหภูมิ 1100 องศาเซลเซียส ทำให้เกิดแคลเซียมออร์โทฟอสเฟตวัฏภาคผสมระหว่างไฮดรอกซีอะพาไทต์และเบต้า-ไตรแคลเซียมฟอสเฟต ซึ่งพบปริมาณเบต้า-ไตรแคลเซียมฟอสเฟตสูงสุดร้อยละ 79.85 เมื่อเปลี่ยนพีเอชของสารละลายในกระบวนนการสะเทินกลับเกลือแร่ให้มีความเป็นด่างมากขึ้น จะทำให้เกิดวัฏภาคเบต้า-ไตรแคลเซี่ยมฟอสเฟตน้อยลง แคลเซียมออร์โทฟอสเฟตที่ผลิตได้ไม่แสดงความเป็นพิษต่อเซลล์ผิวหนังหนู (L929) เมื่อทดสอบตามมาตรฐาน ISO10993-5 แบบทางอ้อม


Techno-Economic Analysis Of Alternative Processes For Alcohol-Assisted Methanol Synthesis From Carbon Dioxide And Hydrogen, Natthee Khunathorncharoenwong Jan 2019

Techno-Economic Analysis Of Alternative Processes For Alcohol-Assisted Methanol Synthesis From Carbon Dioxide And Hydrogen, Natthee Khunathorncharoenwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The novel methanol production from carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) called alcohol-assisted process is simulated. Although the alcohol-assisted process allows the reduction in operating temperature and pressure, the subsequent product purification is complicated. Comparative studies between the conventional CO2 hydrogenation and the alcohol-assisted processes are carried out (case I-V). The alcohol-assisted processes present the opportunity of increasing the CO2 conversion per-pass and reducing the hydrogen consumption, the barriers in the conventional process. However, the product purifications remain challenging due to the azeotrope of methanol and by-products. Energy consumptions decrease in the feed and reaction sections of the alcohol-assisted processes …


Campaign Structure Distillation For Methyl Palmitate Separation From Palm Oil Biodiesel Using Vacuum Batch Distillation, Supakorn Songpanit Jan 2019

Campaign Structure Distillation For Methyl Palmitate Separation From Palm Oil Biodiesel Using Vacuum Batch Distillation, Supakorn Songpanit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nowadays, the competition of palm oil biodiesel production in Thailand will increase essentially in the sector for the next few years. Therefore, this study aims to find a new approach for converting palm oil biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester mixture, into a specialty chemical to increase the value of palm oil biodiesel. Campaign structure distillation was considered to design a separation process using vacuum batch distillation, and turn only one batch process into the sequence of methyl ester cut as a continuous process. The objective is to study the effect of operating parameters on campaign structure distillation for methyl …


Effects Of Pyridine-Based Electron Donors On Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Performance In Ethylene/1-Hexene Copolymerization, Natchayapak Phiromphu Jan 2019

Effects Of Pyridine-Based Electron Donors On Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Performance In Ethylene/1-Hexene Copolymerization, Natchayapak Phiromphu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) is a type of polymer that has been used in a wide range of applications because of its attractive mechanical properties. The mainly synthetic polyolefins are produced by supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts (ZN). The major components to modify ZN catalyst contain active Ti species precursor, aluminum alkyl cocatalyst, MgCl2 support and electron donor. The MgCl2-supported titanium catalysts have the multiple types of active centers. Thus, the copolymers having broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and chemical composition distribution (CCD). However, the drawback of ZN catalyst is its very low comonomer insertion. In this research, the author would like …


Reduction Of Nox Emissions In A Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Sncr With In-Cylinder Injection Of Aqueous Urea, Anthony Timpanaro Jan 2019

Reduction Of Nox Emissions In A Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Sncr With In-Cylinder Injection Of Aqueous Urea, Anthony Timpanaro

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The subject of this study is the effect of in-cylinder selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx emissions in diesel exhaust gas by means of direct injection of aqueous urea ((NH2)2CO) into the combustion chamber. A single cylinder diesel test engine was modified to accept an electronically controlled secondary common rail injection system to deliver the aqueous urea directly into the cylinder during engine operation.

Direct in-cylinder injection was chosen in order to ensure precise delivery of the reducing agent without the risk of any premature reactions taking place. Unlike direct in-cylinder injection of neat water, …