Engineering Commons^™

Mathematical Models And Calculation Of Parameters Of Optoelectronic Angular Displacement Converters, Yuriy Gennadyevich Shipulin, Azimjon Khusanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article discusses promising optoelectronic converters (OP) for wide application of angular movements. A methodology and diagram for calculating OP with the transverse movement of a moving element is presented; in order to simplify the calculation, the weight range of angular movements is conventionally divided into three sub ranges. A graph is given of the dependence of the area of the photosensitive surface of a photo resistor made from a single crystal of high-resistivity p-type silicon.

Modeling Of Amine-Based Co2 Capture Process, Zafar Safarovich Turakulov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A significant factor influencing climate change is the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere as a consequence of human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels. Climate change can be slowed down by taking action to mitigate industrial-scale CO₂ emissions. Currently, the most advanced technology for capturing CO₂ from industrial flue gases is the post-combustion CO₂ capture based on amine absorption. However, due to the high energy penalties of existing CO₂ capture technologies and insufficient carbon markets, it is necessary to develop methods that compete with these technologies or minimize their …

The Use Of Ultraviolet Radiation As A Means Of Destroying Microorganisms In Cherries, Jasur Safarov, Shaxnoza Sultanova, Pulatov M. Murodjon

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article discusses methods for extending the shelf life of cherries, having previously treated it with an ultraviolet ray. The article also presents the results obtained, which prove that the shelf life of cherries exposed to ultraviolet increases. At the same time, the article describes in detail the processing technique and presents the results of research.

Study Of Dynamic Characteristics Of The Mechanical Circuit Of The Developed Induction Inertial Vibration Transducer, Sulton Fayzullayevich Amirov, Asror Abdunabiyevich Shoimkulov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article examines the dynamic characteristics of the mechanical circuit of the developed induction vibration transducer. It is found that in the investigated transducers forced oscillations occur with the frequency of the input disturbing force, the amplitude of forced oscillations does not depend on the initial conditions and time, and in forced oscillations with damping there is always a shift of the oscillation phase compared to the phase of the input disturbing force. It is shown that the induction vibration transducer reproduces the measured vibrations with small distortions only in a relatively narrow frequency region at frequencies of the input …

Application Of Quantum Algorithms In The Synthesis Of Dynamic Objects, Noilakhon Yakubova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Around the world, the food industry is focusing on achieving energy and resource efficiency. One of the main challenges in the field of process automation is the creation of effective control systems using intelligent technologies to improve the quality of processes and achieve the production of high-quality products with less energy and resources. Therefore, it is necessary to work with a large amount of data. Particular attention is paid to the development of computational algorithms for automated high-speed computational analysis systems for processing this data at high speed. Therefore, the article discusses the use of quantum computing methods in controlling …

System For Advanced Control Of Thermal Parameters Of Glass Furnaces, O'Tkir Xolmanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The results of an analysis of the functioning of glass furnaces for melting semi-white or discolored glass as an object of automatic control and management are presented. Through experimental research, a parametric control scheme for a glass melting furnace was formed and a system for improved control of thermal glass melting processes was synthesized. The proposed system regulates the parameters of a furnace with a horseshoe-shaped flame development. Based on commercially produced instruments and automation equipment that ensure stabilization of thermal conditions of glass melting. The burner block control algorithm provides control over the performance of the gas burner, safety …

Intelligent Decision Support System, Khurshid Salim Ugli Turayev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article studies issues related to the development of intelligent systems located in an environment capable of perceiving this environment and acting autonomously to achieve assigned tasks. To create an intelligent process control system, it is necessary to monitor the mode to ensure high quality of finished products with minimal energy consumption at a given productivity of the entire complex. It is important to have a flow of input data to provide the system with operational information to support decision making.

The proposed intelligent control system makes it possible to analyze the results of production activities to make organizational and …

An In-Situ Raman Spectroscopic Study On The Interfacial Process Of Carbonate-Based Electrolyte On Nanostructured Silver Electrode, Yu Gu, Yuan-Fei Hu, Wei-Wei Wang, En-Ming You, Shuai Tang, Jian-Jia Su, Jun Yi, Jia-Wei Yan, Zhong-Qun Tian, Bing-Wei Mao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a key role in anodes for rechargeable lithium-based battery technologies. However, a thorough understanding in the mechanisms of SEI formation and evolution remains a major challenge, hindering the rapid development and wide applications of Li-based batteries. Here, we devise a borrowing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity strategy by utilizing a size optimized Ag nanosubstrate to in-situ monitor the formation and evolution of SEI, as well as its structure and chemistry in an ethylene carbonate-based electrolyte. To ensure a reliable in-situ SERS investigation, we designed a strict air-tight Raman cell with a three-electrode configuration. Based on …

Electrochemical Performance Of Porous Ceramic Supported Tubular Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell, Heng-Ji Wang, Wen-Guo Chen, Zhou-Yi Quan, Kai Zhao, Yi-Fei Sun, Min Chen, Ogenko Volodymyr

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is an efficient and clean energy conversion technology that can utilize electricity obtained from renewable resources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy to electrolyze water and produce hydrogen. The conversion of abundant intermittent energy to hydrogen energy would facilitate the efficient utilization of energy resources. SOEC is an all-ceramic electrochemical cell that operates in the intermediate to high temperature range of 500–750 ℃. Compared with traditional low temperature electrolysis technology (e.g., alkaline or proton exchange membrane cells operating at ~100 ℃), the high-temperature SOEC can increase the electrolysis efficiency from 80% to ~100%, providing …

Combined Risk Based Inspection And Fault Tree Analysis For Repetitive 3-Phase Line Piping Leakage At West Java Offshore Topside Facility, Dona Yuliati, Akhmad Herman Yuwono, D. Rizal Asral, Donanta Dhaneswara

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Hydrocarbon releases might result in serious consequences in various aspects. In addition to the contribution to environmental pollution, repetitive leakages need high repair costs. This study aim is to minimize potential repetitive leakage for other typical 3-phase piping systems. We conducted the risk assessment by adopting Risk Based Inspection (RBI) API 581 to identify risk level, calculating piping lifetime, recommended inspection plan and mitigations. The most relevant root causes can be obtained through quantitative Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Observation and investigation was taken from eight 3-phase piping systems that experienced repetitive leakages. It has been found that the risk level …

Nitrogen Gas Quenching Pressure Effect On Bs S155 Alloy Steel In Vacuum Furnace, Agus Mulyadi Hasanudin, Eddy Sumarno Siradj

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The production of metal and alloy products requires the use of heat treatment, when during the heat treatment process, quenching is a crucial step. The quenching medium can be anything from water, a salt bath, oil, air and gas. In a vacuum furnace, pressurized gas, most frequently nitrogen (N₂) gas, serves as one of the quenching mediums. One of the drawbacks of the quenching process is the distortion and dimensional change of the parts. This paper aims to investigate the influence of nitrogen gas quenching pressure on the distortion and dimensional change of aerospace actuator gear planet parts …

Isolation And Characterization Of Caffeine-Degrading Bacteria From Coffee Plantation Areas In Malaysia, Elvina Clarie Dullah, Mohd Fazli Farida Asras

Makara Journal of Technology

Decaffeination by microbial degradation is currently the most optimal and low-cost approach, involving only microbial cells and/or their enzymes. The bacterium was characterized using a series of biochemical tests. Positive results were obtained from carbohydrate fermentation, citrate utilization, and catalase tests, while negative results were obtained from Voges-Proskauer (VP) and indole tests. Three different caffeine concentrations of 0.25%, 0.4%, and 2% were tested and measured through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis. The highest caffeine reduction (89.25%) was found when 0.25% caffeine was used in the media. Only a small amount of caffeine was reduced to 0.4% and 2%, with 34.78% …

Optimization Of The Building Envelope And Roof Shading To Reduce The Energy Consumption Of College Low-Rise Buildings In Indonesia, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Azimil Gani Alam, Mohammad Imroz Sohel

Makara Journal of Technology

Energy consumption in buildings is a crucial concern globally, prompting researchers to explore innovative solutions to mitigate its impact. This study investigates the optimization of building envelopes and roof shading systems of existing buildings in Indonesia to realize notable energy savings. Multiple scenarios were explored, with modifications to building envelopes and roof shading, highlighting the overall thermal transfer value as a key parameter. Using EnergyPlus simulations, the efficacy of natural ventilation in corridors and roof shading modifications was assessed in reducing energy consumption. The findings revealed that renovating existing buildings by optimization of the building envelope and roof shading by …

Robust Gasification Trial Results For A Variety Of Difficult-To-Recycle Packaging-Related Materials, Bruce A. Welt

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Currently, recycling requires nearly absolute sorting of materials to accommodate the limited capabilities of existing recycling infrastructure. Whether a material is “recyclable” depends more on the method of recycling than the material itself. Our dependence upon sorting has limited success of recycling and has stifled our ability to achieve circular economy sustainability with plastic packaging materials. Our dependence upon sorting is rooted in our material-specific recycling processes. However, newer robust recycling processes are commercially available that reduce or eliminate the need to sort waste, and can convert mixed waste into primary feedstock chemicals, such as methanol for subsequent manufacture of …

The Role Of Interactive Spaces In Enhancing Social Interaction Of Children In Orphanage Institutions, Zainab Khalid Rashad Al Khafaji, Shamael M. W. Al Dabbagh

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The child who moves to an environment outside his family environment, suchas orphanage institutions because of the loss of one or all of his family members, itis obvious that he feels a kind of alienation and isolation from his peers and a loss ofa sense of interaction and communication with society, so it is possible to mitigatethis feeling by promoting diversity in interactive activities within the internal spacesof the orphanage institutions and at the neighborhood level, the research problemwas represented by "the lack of clarity in the nature of knowledge aboutthe role of of interactive spaces in enhancing social interaction …

Environmental Footmark And Its Effects On The Sustainability Of Towns, Ali Abdul Samea Hameed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The Ecological Footmark (EF) is one of the utmost recent and important criteria for assessing the capacity of the population to uphold a life sustainable way. It tests the extent which the indicators have an influence on the natural resources (NR) of the ecosystem such as forestry, water bodies, agricultural lands, pastures, CO2, and properties for construction purposes. This footmark was utilized to evaluate the use of NR to the capacity of the land for regeneration. This research paper discusses the theoretical conceptual component of the EF framework and plans regarding issues related to the environment. The environmental image (EI) …

The Effects Of Urban Fragmentation / Analysis Of The Causes And Challenges In The City Structure, Seemon Matte Abbo, Inaam Amin Albazzaz

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Fragmentation is a fundamental term in the history of critical urban thought,yet the product of fragmentation is manifested in fragments. Urban fragmentationis used to describe the phenomenon that occurs when the urban environment isbroken up into smaller units or dispersed areas. This means that cities becomefragmented rather than cohesive and integrated. This disintegration can be the resultof various factors such as poor planning, lack of infrastructure, different land uses,and social dispersion. This research addresses the problem of urban fragmentationas one of the challenges facing the urban structure of cities, and clarifies the mostimportant factors affecting the city structure during the …

A Review: Special Types Of Concrete Used In Structures, Reem Hatem Ahmed, Mohammed Mosleh Salman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The term “special” possesses inherent significance and is utilized in this context to denote the distinctive attributes characteristic of concrete. The term “special” connotes enhanced strength, durability, and solidity in concrete. The production of specialized concrete involves the incorporation of distinct components via specific procedures following specific criteria. Specialized concrete is required to construct unique structures such as power plants, offshore buildings, docks, and airports. Each of these unique structures is essential for survival in harsh conditions, including sulfate, chemical, acid, and chloride attacks, as well as other surface characteristics. Concrete is a versatile material that exhibits good compressive strength …

A Systems Approach To Process Design And Sustainability - Synergy Via Pollution Prevention, Control, And Source Reduction, Emmanuel Apau Aboagye

Theses and Dissertations

Historically, process design prioritized efficiency and profitability, often overlooking environmental and societal implications. However, given the global challenges like climate change and resource scarcity, there is a growing emphasis on embedding sustainability into process design. Adopting a systems-oriented approach provides a comprehensive view, spanning from raw material acquisition to end-of-life product management. Such an approach not only identifies potential sustainability challenges but ensures that solutions foster both environmental responsibility and economic viability. In this study, a comprehensive framework for designing industrial systems is introduced, aiming to encompass the entire lifecycle impacts of chemical processes. The research initially delves into two …

The Role Of Young Architects As Entrepreneurship Generational Units In Shaping The Future Of Architecture, Attaa H. Al Obaidi, Anwar. S. Al-Qaraghuli

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Youth are the pillar of nations and the secret of their renaissance, thebuilders of their civilization and the line of defense, the main participants inbasic planning processes, and the agents of change to build a world that iscompatible with the aspirations of future generations. This applies to the field ofarchitecture in terms of the importance of young architects in shaping it underthe challenges it faces, which impose interaction in a manner commensuratewith the emerging requirements and needs. This research is based on theconsideration that young architects are an integrated phenomenon thatcontributes to shaping architectural production according to the data of …

Using Artificial Intelligence To Diagnose Demented In The Elderly, Ohood Fadil Alwan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

In addition to possible other symptoms, memory loss and impairment are the hallmarks of Demented or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite the fact that dementia is incurable and has a significant negative impact on patients' lives, an early diagnosis can help start the right treatment and prevent additional brain damage. Over the years, machine learning techniques have been used to classify AD; nevertheless, the efficacy of the results depends on the use of multi-step classifiers and manually created features. Thanks to recent advances in deep learning, patterns may now be classified using neural networks' final stage. In order to diagnose dementia …

Risk Detection Of Gestational Diabetes In Early Pregnancy Depend On Artificial Neural Network, Sanaa Hammad Dhahi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk is particularly important because it may enable more effective interventions and reduce cumulative maternal and fetal injury. The aim of this study is to develop machine learning (ML) models for early prediction of GDM using widely available variables, facilitating early intervention, and enabling the application of prediction models in settings where more complex tests are not accessible. In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to detect the risk of gestational diabetes. A global dataset was used to collect clinical and experimental data from pregnant women and people with diabetes …

Impact Of Merging Basalt Fibers With Various Types Of Concrete And The Factors Affecting Them: A Review, Adil M. Jabbar, Lubna S. Dankha

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This paper reviews effecting of blending basalt fibers into concreteon mechanical properties, ductility, and toughness. Based on concretecomponents, the perfect basalt fiber percentage can differ and is influencedby factors like fiber length, w/c ratio, and age. The beneficial basalt fiberspercentage is lower than that of steel fibers. Even with a low concentrationof basalt fibers, concrete tensile and flexural strength can be improved moreeffectively than a higher amount of steel fibers. As the amount of basaltfiber increases, the mix workability decreases. Additionally, the flow abilitymay drop slightly as the length of the fibers increases. Adding basalt fiber toconcrete can minimize drying …

Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys For Biomedical Implants: Properties, Challenges, And Surface Modifications With A Focus On Orthopedic Fixation Repair, Kevin Koshy Thomas, Mah Noor Zafar, William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini

Faculty Publications

Biomedical devices made from high-modulus and hardness materials play a critical role in enhancing the quality of life for people with bone-related ailments. While these materials have been successfully used in orthopedic applications, concerns including stress-shielding have necessitated the exploration of alternative solutions. An ideal biomedical implant requires a delicate balance of mechanical performance, corrosion resistance, tissue biocompatibility, and other properties such as tribological performance and osseointegration. This review explores the suitability of biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys as a promising material for biomedical implants. It delves into the essential properties of biomedical implants, emphasizing the importance of matching mechanical characteristics …

Machine Learning And Metabolic Model Guided Crispri Reveals A Central Role For Phosphoglycerate Mutase In Chlamydia Trachomatis Persistence, Niaz Bahar Chowdhury, Nick Pokorzynski, Elizabeth A. Rucks, Scot P. Ouellette, Rey A. Carabeo, Rajib Saha

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Upon nutrient starvation, Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 (CTL) shifts from its normal growth to a non-replicating form, termed persistence. It is unclear if persistence is an adaptive response or lack of it. To understand that transcriptomics data were collected for nutrientsufficient and nutrient-starved CTL. Applying machine learning approaches on transcriptomics data revealed a global transcriptomic rewiring of CTL under stress conditions without having any global stress regulator. This indicated that CTL’s stress response is due to lack of an adaptive response mechanism. To investigate the impact of this on CTL metabolism, we reconstructed a genome-scale metabolic model of CTL (iCTL278) …

Optimal Control Of Ion Exchange Process For Chromate Removal And Protein A Chromatography For Antibody Extraction, Fadi Ghanem

Theses and Dissertations

Ion exchange resins are widely used in the extraction of hazardous chemicals as well as the recovery of precious molecules. Therefore, an early breakthrough from the resin system can lead to toxic compounds affecting the drinking water quality or inefficient use of costly resins. Hence, accurate modeling of the ion exchange process and control strategy can enable decisions that assist in avoiding leakage when facing fluctuations in the inlet contaminant concentrations. In this work, the ion exchange process is modeled via the method of moments where the system uncertainties are captured via stochastic modeling using Ito processes. The flow rate …

Enhancing Wettability Prediction In The Presence Of Organics For Hydrogen Geo-Storage Through Data-Driven Machine Learning Modeling Of Rock/H2/Brine Systems, Zeeshan Tariq, Muhammad Ali, Nurudeen Yekeen, Auby Baban, Bicheng Yan, Shuyu Sun, Hussein Hoteit

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The success of geological H2 storage relies significantly on rock–H2–brine interactions and wettability. Experimentally assessing the H2 wettability of storage/caprocks as a function of thermos-physical conditions is arduous because of high H2 reactivity and embrittlement damages. Data-driven machine learning (ML) modeling predictions of rock–H2–brine wettability are less strenuous and more precise. They can be conducted at geo-storage conditions that are impossible or hazardous to attain in the laboratory. Thus, ML models were utilized in this research to accurately model the wettability behavior of a ternary system consisting of H2, rock minerals (quartz and mica), and brine at different operating geological …

Air-Jet Bioprinting Of Stem Cell-Encapsulated Alginate Micro-Droplets For Organoid Biomanufacturing, Mirabella B. Stump

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biomanufactured 3D-organoids show promise for modeling and treating various conditions, particularly insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type-1 diabetes). Pancreatic islet organoids serve as sustainable sources of insulin-producing β-cells, potentially restoring insulin regulation in patients and providing a long-term solution for diabetes. Hydrogel droplet printing is an emerging technique in regenerative medicine due to its advantageous tunability and biocompatibility; however, challenges of consistency, quality control, and scalability persist. To address these issues, we developed a novel air-jetting based droplet bioprinting system for the generation of monodispersed alginate micro-droplets. The objective of this project was to incorporate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into …

Microplate-Like Metal Pyrophosphate Engineered On Ni-Foam Towards Multifunctional Electrode Material For Energy Conversion And Storage, Rishabh Srivastava

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

High clean energy demand, dire need for sustainable development, and low carbon footprints are the few intuitive challenges, leading researchers to aim for research and development for high-performance energy devices. The development of materials used in energy devices is currently focused on enhancing the performance, electronic properties, and durability of devices. Tunning the attributes of transition metals using pyrophosphate (P₂O₇) ligand moieties can be a promising approach to meet the requirements of energy devices such as water electrolyzers and supercapacitors, although such a material’s configuration is rarely exposed for this purpose of study.

Herein, we grow …

Effect Of Temperature And Steam-To-Carbon Monoxide (Co) Ratio On Hydrogen Production In Water-Gas Shift Reaction Using Cu-Zno-Al2o3 Catalyst, Sekar Kumala Desi, Restu Siti Nursa'adah, Hana Nabila Anindita, Bambang Muharto, Nurdiah Rahmawati, Tyas Puspita Rini, Erlan Rosyadi

Makara Journal of Science

This study investigates the effect of steam-to-CO molar ratio and temperature on hydrogen production in a water gas shift reaction using a Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ catalyst. Herein, different steam-to-CO molar ratios (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) and temperatures (200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C) were applied to investigate their impact on the reaction and H₂ production. The Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ catalyst was characterized by its surface area, pore size distribution, and chemical composition. Moreover, the experimental setup enabled the control of temperature and steam-to-CO molar ratio while monitoring the product gas composition. The results revealed a considerable …