Engineering Commons^™

The National Waste Terminal Storage Program, C. D. Zerby

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) program has been established to provide facilities (federal repositories) in various deep geologic formations at multiple locations in the USA which will safely dispose of the commercial radioactive waste that must be delivered to a federal repository for terminal storage. This paper presents an overview of the NWTS program and describes the stepwise approach that is being taken in meeting the objective of the program.

The Effect Of Aec/Nrc Regulation On The Development Of Nuclear Steam Power, David L. Bodde

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Changing regulatory requirements were an important influence on the technological development of the Nuclear Steam Supply System. Manufacturers felt this influence primarily through increased requirements for information processing rather than through technical changes in the hardware. Regulatory change was driven by: the rapid growth of nuclear plant size; delays in critical safety research; public uncertainty regarding how safe nuclear plants should be; the extreme consequences of a nuclear accident; and strong pressure for the rapid commercialization of nuclear power.

A Detailed Analysis Of The Environmental Effects Of Energy Utilization In The U.S. Economy, H. J. Plass Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The total environmental social cost resulting from the consumption of . various fuel's used in the U.S. economy is analyzed by means of an equilibrium model including flows of energy, labor, goods, services, undesirable effects attributable to pollution, and pollution control services. The present mix of fuels, and three alternative fuel mixes more strongly dependent on coal, are analyzed by means of the model.

Geophysical Approaches To Coal Exploration, Gerald B. Rupert

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The exploration for minerals by geophysical means has been confined largely to the search for hydrocarbons and metallics while applications to coal exploration are somewhat limited. However, the surface reflection seismic technique has been successfully applied not only to delineating coal deposits but also as a tool in mine exploitation. Furthermore, channel waves generated underground have demonstrated potential in detecting the presence of faults in advance of the coal face and Vibroisis* experiments have been conducted whereby abandoned underground workings have been detected by surface seismic arrays. Examples of all of the preceeding are presented and discussed.

Economics Of Underground Distribution Cables, M. Mohajery

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The economics of the primary underground distribution cables are considered. Single-phase circuits are examined using different distribution system options. Within each option, the present worth of the total cost of the cable installation is optimized. If more than one option can be utilized, the appropriate costs are compared and the most economical option is selected.

Process Energy Evaluations And Optimization In International Projects, Marshall E. Findley

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A discussion is presented of some of the factors which enter into the economic evaluations and optimizations of energy consuming or producing processes with special emphasis on international projects with multiple national and financial interests involved. In such analyses the objectives and the prices of energy and other factors used have an important effect.

Human Resources For Energy Systems: Alternative Strategies Of Allocation, Curtis H. Adams, Burns E. Hegler

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The choice of strategies in establishing manpower policy for energy is critical for the attairment of energy goals. Three alternative strategies are considered with the tradeoffs of each evaluated.

Toward Establishing A National Energy Policy, J. L. Gaddy

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Coal must become the predominant energy source for this nation for the next 50- 100 years and petroleum must be conserved for petrochemicals. Coal gasification and liquefaction are wasteful processes that will lead tounnecessarily rapid depletion of coal reserves. Generation of electricity with coal is a more economical means of using coal for energy and this technology is already available. This paper discusses the advantages of a coal-electric energy economy and how such an economy.can be implemented.

Economic Analysis Of Wind Generation And Energy Storage For Electric Utility Systems, B. W. Jones, P. M. Moretti

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

If wind generators are being evaluated as part of a larger electric utility generation system, the economic analysis should consider all of their effects upon the make-up and operation of the rest of the system. The introduction of wind generators changes the characteristics of the effective load seen by the rest of the system and consequently shifts the optimal mix of base, swinging, and peaking capacity and their operation. Storage systems used in conjunction with wind generators must also be evaluated. The storage can also be evaluated by determining its effect upon load characteristics. It is shown that the storage …

Economic Aspects Of Imposed Air Standards, John H. Hoag, J. David Reed

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Due to concern for the state of the environment, the federal government passed laws forcing industry to accomodate the wishes of environmentalists. In particular the Clean Air Standards Act imposed a measure of air pollution and dictated an upper bound on the amount of allowable air pollution in terms of this standard. This paper attempts to investigate the impact of such a law in the context of a two firm world. In the model each firm produces output and pollution so as to maximize profit. The pollution of all firms together is the variable which comes under constraint of the …

Sodium-Initiated Polymerization Of Alpha-Methylstyrene In The Vicinity Of Its Reported Ceiling Temperature, Shuenn-Long Ou

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Distributed Parameter Sensitivity Theory To Solve Certain Reliability Problems, Moses Nee Buernor Ayiku

Dissertations

It is well known that in actual control systems there are uncontrolled parameter changes caused by aging of elements, temperature, pressure and effects of externalmedium, among others, which may impair the performance ofthe system. Hence, there is the need to develop systems that weakly react to these parameter fluctuations. Sensitivity theory has been developed to study some of these problems. Most of the investigations in this area, however, deal with problems in continuous systems modeled by ordinary differential equations. Even the recent publications on sensitivity problems in distributed parameter control systems are largely concerned with systems modeled by first order …

Preparation And Magnetic Properties Of Rare Earth Garnets And Apatites, Rostam Mondegarian

Dissertations

It has been found possible to prepare garnets with magnetic trivalent rare earth ions filling all or most dodecahedral sites while nonmagnetic Sc³⁺ ions fill all octahedral sites and magnetic Fe³⁺ ions fill all or most tetrahedral sites. Phase-pure garnets found include {RE_3-ySc_y}[Sc₂](Fe₃)O₁₂, where RE is Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb or Dy and y can be zero with Sm and Eu; {Nd₃}[Sc₂](Fe_zGa_3-z)O₁₂; and other Nd-Sc-Fe garnets of the type {Nd_3-(w+y)M_wS_cy}[Sc₂](Fe …

Separations Of Multicomponent Mixtures Via Thermal Parametric Pumping, John Daniel Stokes

Dissertations

This dissertation covers the separation of solutes from multicomponent solutions via direct mode thermal parametric pumping.

Dilute solution separations were predicted from existing binary equations by assuming the existence of pseudo binary systems, each system consisting of one solute and the common solvent. Two systems, toluene-aniline-n-heptane and toluene-acetophenone-n-heptane with a silica gel adsorbent were used to experimentally demonstrate the separation. Experimental results were in good agreement with the mathematical predictions.

For concentrated multicomponent solutions, the separation was demonstrated by the system, toluene-acetophenone-n-heptane on silica gel. The effects of mass transfer and nonlinear adsorption isotherms became significant and a numerical solution …

Reaction Kinetics For The Synthesis Of Benzyl Benzoate From Benzyl Chloride And The Triethylamine Salt Of Benzoic Acid, Michael A. Kolakowski

Theses

The reaction kinetics for the synthesis of benzyl benzoate from benzyl chloride and the triethylamine salt of benzoic acid has been studied over the temperature range of 70-105°C and a mole ratio of benzyl chloride to triethylamine of 0.5 - 10.0.

A reaction mechanism which is consistent with the experimental data has been derived. The experimental data was analyzed by means of the integral method of analysis. The temperature dependency of the reaction was determined from Arrhenius' Law and the activation energy was calculated to be 15,064 cal/g-mole. An empirical equation which explains the effects of the reactant mole ratio …

The Recovery Of Methanol From The Mother Liquor Of A Pharmaceutical Active Ingredient, Richard Lawrence Eichholtz

Theses

The company has been sending to the sewer the filtrate from one of our chemical processes. This filtrate contains 63 vol. % methanol. The recovery of this methanol would reduce the amount of purchased methanol. The recovery would also reduce the Biological Oxygen Demand of the plant effluent. In the near future the local sewer authority will be billing the company for BOD.

The goal of the recovery process is to obtain methanol of satisfactory quality for reuse in the process from which it came. A literature search and a laboratory study verified the non-ideality of the system. Preliminary calculations …

Prediction And Correlation Of The Salt-Effect In Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium, Enrique M. Bekerman

Theses

The feasibility of developing a method of correlation and prediction, for mixtures of two solvents containing a dissolved salt has been studied. The procedure consisted of arriving at the interaction parameters for the three binary systems (solvent 1-solvent 2, solvent 1-salt, solvent 2-salt) and using these to calculate the ternary results. Attempts to generate interaction parameters for the solvent-salt binaries by means of the Wilson equation were unsuccessful, whereas, use of the NRTL equation resulted in a very good fit of the binary data.

In correlating the ternary results, it became necessary to redefine the liquid phase mole fractions and …

A Systems Study Of Oil Pollution Abatement And Control For Portland Inner And Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine, Arthur D. Little, Inc.

Maine Collection

A Systems Study of Oil Pollution Abatement and Control for Portland Inner and Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine

to State of Maine, Department of Environmental Protection, State House Augusta, Maine 04330

Appropriation Number 4320-4001

by Arthur D. Little, Incorporated, 20 Acorn Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140 (March 15, 1976).

Contents: Executive Summary / 1. Introduction / 2. Identification of Vulnerable Resources / 3. Potential Oil Spill Locations / 4. Oil Spill Movement / 5. Containment and Disposal Systems / 6. Oil Monitoring Systems / 7. Marine Navigation In Portland Inner and Outer Harbors / Appendices

Rheology, Dynamics And Structure Development During Melt Spinning Of Nylon-6, Vilas G. Bankar

Doctoral Dissertations

A comprehensive study of melt spinning dynamics and structure development of nylon-6 was performed. The major emphasis of the research consisted of on-line rheological and morphological measurements. These included diameter, temperature and tension measurements of the fiber as well as x-ray diffraction and birefringence measurements. The effects of annealing spun fibers in air, water and 20 percent formic acid solution were also studied. Tensile properties of spun fibers were measured and related to the spinning variables and structural characteristics.

In the rheological portion of the work, the shear viscosity and the normal stresses in nylon-6 melts were measured. Nylon-6 melt …

On Energy Strategies And Pecuniary Calculation, Herman E. Daly

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

3rd Annual Umr-Mec Conference On Energy -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Of Integrated Ocean Thermal Gradient-Nuclear Plants For The Production Of Electrical Power, Frank Ferrer, Donald Sasscer

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A study was made of the feasibility of integrating an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) electrical power plant with a nuclear power plant. The integration was such that the waste heat of the nuclear plant was used to augment the thermal efficiency of the OTEC plant. The study was performed for three shore line sites of Puerto Rico where deep cold water is found between 2 and 10 miles from shore.

Resource Recovery From Solid Waste: The Story Of Union Electric's Solid Waste Utilization System, David L. Klumb, Paul R. Brendel

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper covers the design and development of a comprehensive resource recovery system capable of serving the solid waste disposal needs of the Greater St. Louis area comprising 11,500km² (4500 sq. mi.). This 7.2 x 10⁶ kg (8000 ton) per day operation will convert solid waste into milled fuel for cofiring with pulverized coal in utility boilers, and will recover magnetic and non-magnetic metals, all in an environmentally acceptable manner. Scheduled for operation in 1979, the system will be built and operated as a private enterprise venture of Union Colliery Company, a subsidiary of Union Electric Company.

Sample Design For Electricity Pricing Experiments: Anticipated Precision For A Time-Of-Day Pricing Experiment, Dennis J. Aigner

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The primary goal of a pricing experiment is basically the same as that for an experiment in direct load control: To discover the effects of time-of-day pricing on the shape of the daily load curve for a particular customer or class of customers. For the pricing experiment, it is also of interest to know how those effects are related to the pricing structure itself.

In this paper, we consider two alternative models of kwh consumption for residential customers as the basis for calculating an optimal experimental design, and compare them in terms of the levels of precision of estimation (for …

Energy - Minerals - Environment: How Now Brown Cow?, Bobby G. Wixson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy, technical, social, political, economic, and environmental problems are all people related problems which will continue to increase along with the world's population. With the growing demands for more energy and minerals along with the constraints of protecting the environment, new approaches must be considered to these complex problems.

Energy sources, modifications, alternatives, and new developments must be considered for the present as short term resources (next 25- 30 years) and in the future as long range research necessary to develop and implement new technology (25 years on). Major energy sources and their environmental considerations are generally classified as:

I. …

Scattering Of Argon And Neon From W(112), Ralph E. White, Jean Jacques Ehrhardt, Robert P. Merrill

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transition Boiling Of Normal Pentane From A Horizontal Flat Gold Surface At One Atmosphere Pressure, R. M. Canon, Efton Park

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Mass Transfer To Drops Moving Through Power Law Fluids In The Intermediate Reynolds Number Region, Robert M. Wellek, Türker Gürkan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mass transfer rate to fluid spheres is calculated for power law and Newtonian fluids by using the intermediate Reynolds number stream functions of Nakano and Tien (1970) and Yamaguchi et al. (1974), respectively. The Sh increases with increases in Re and Pe and decreases in n. Better results are obtained with Nakano and Tien's functions when Re > 10 and with Yamaguchi's functions when Re < 10. Copyright © 1976 American Institute of Chemical Engineers

An Examination Of The Adaptive Random Search Technique, M. W. Heuckroth, J. L. Gaddy, L. D. Gaines

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Random search procedures have recently been successfully applied to the optimization of a variety of chemical engineering problems, including optimization of chemical processes by flow sheet simulation. These procedures represent the independent variables as random variables described by probability distributions. The adaptive random search procedure centers the distribution for each variable about the best search point found and examines this region for a better point. Thus, this technique has the ability of continuously moving the search region toward the optimum, which is particularly advantageous in following constraints. This study examines the efficiency of the adaptive random search technique as applied …

Generalized Correlations For Molecular Weight And Concentration Dependence Of Zero-Shear Viscosity Of High Polymer Solutions., J. L. Zakin, R. Wu, H. Luh, Kenneth G. Mayhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Results of a study are presented which show that two correlations of viscosity-concentration data are useful representations for data over wide ranges of mol. wt and up to at least moderately high concentrations for both good and fair solvents. Low mol. wt polymer solutions (below the critical entanglement mol. wt M//c) generally have higher viscosities than predicted by the correlations. One correlation is eta //s//p/c left bracket eta right bracket versus k prime left bracket eta right bracket c, where eta //s//p is specific viscosity, c is polymer concentration, left bracket eta right bracket is intrinsic viscosity, and k prime …