Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Rochester Institute of Technology (86)
- Illinois State University (53)
- Johnson & Wales University (15)
- Walden University (9)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (6)
-
- Aga Khan University (5)
- Chapman University (4)
- Kennesaw State University (4)
- Lesley University (4)
- Minnesota State University Moorhead (4)
- National Louis University (4)
- UMass Global (4)
- Abilene Christian University (3)
- The University of San Francisco (3)
- University of New Mexico (3)
- University of Rhode Island (3)
- University of South Florida (3)
- Bellarmine University (2)
- California State University, San Bernardino (2)
- Concordia University St. Paul (2)
- Edith Cowan University (2)
- Louisiana State University (2)
- Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School (2)
- Pepperdine University (2)
- Purdue University (2)
- SUNY Buffalo State University (2)
- University of Louisville (2)
- University of Missouri, St. Louis (2)
- Western Michigan University (2)
- Antioch University (1)
- Keyword
-
- Education (16)
- Editorial Board (13)
- Johnson & Wales University (12)
- Robert K. Gable (11)
- STEM (10)
-
- Professional development (7)
- Blind (6)
- Middle school (6)
- School (6)
- Center for Research & Evaluation (5)
- School of Education (5)
- Teacher retention (5)
- Technology (5)
- The Alan Shawn Feinstein Graduate School (5)
- Center for Research and Evaluation (4)
- Educational Leadership Doctoral Program (4)
- Engineering (4)
- Professional Development (4)
- Science (4)
- Accessibility (3)
- And Student Outcomes in K-8 Schools (3)
- Business education (3)
- CT (3)
- Collaboration (3)
- College students (3)
- Deaf (3)
- Disabilities (3)
- Donna Braun (3)
- Equity (3)
- Experiential learning (3)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities (86)
- International Journal for Business Education (53)
- Dissertations (11)
- K-12 Education (9)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (7)
-
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (6)
- Teacher Education (6)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (4)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Projects (4)
- Institute for Educational Development, Karachi (4)
- Educational Studies Dissertations (3)
- Journal of Media Literacy Education (3)
- Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs (3)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (3)
- Australian Journal of Teacher Education (2)
- Doctor of Education in Secondary and Middle Grades Education Dissertations (2)
- Education Division Scholarship (2)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones (2)
- Journal of Catholic Education (2)
- Journal of Educational Research and Practice (2)
- Master's Projects and Capstones (2)
- Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts (2)
- Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive (1)
- All Master's Theses (1)
- All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Antioch University Dissertations & Theses (1)
- Arkansas Education Reports (1)
- Dissertations of Practice (1)
- Doctorate in Education (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 151 - 180 of 269
Full-Text Articles in Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching
Democracy For Homework: A Review Of Civic Engagement In Urban Public Schools, Amanda B. Rosenblum
Democracy For Homework: A Review Of Civic Engagement In Urban Public Schools, Amanda B. Rosenblum
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Civic engagement education prepares students to actively engage in social and political processes and influence community change. Many educators believe that civic engagement ought to be a central mission of schools because: 1. Adolescent civic engagement predicts adult civic engagement; 2. Schools may be able to reduce the inequity in political participation between individuals of different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds, and 3: Civic engagement orientation and competencies can be developed through any and all content courses and extracurricular opportunities. This literature review on civic engagement education in urban public middle and high schools over the past 15 years explores: 1. …
Call For Manuscripts, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Call For Manuscripts, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Copyright And Open Access, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Copyright And Open Access, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Providing Individualized Clinical Coaching With Bug-In-Ear Technology To Novice Educators Of Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders In Inclusive Secondary Science Classrooms, Dennis P. Garland Ph. D., Lisa A. Dieker Ph.D.
Effects Of Providing Individualized Clinical Coaching With Bug-In-Ear Technology To Novice Educators Of Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders In Inclusive Secondary Science Classrooms, Dennis P. Garland Ph. D., Lisa A. Dieker Ph.D.
Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education
Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) have been reported to benefit greatly from participating in general education science classrooms, yet also present behaviors making them least likely to be included. In this study, three novice middle school science teachers received individualized clinical coaching (ICC) with bug-in-ear (BIE) technology to increase their use of three-term contingency (TTC) trials among students who had EBD in inclusive science classrooms. Researchers used a multiple probe across participants single case design (Gast, 2010) to examine the percentage of the teachers’ completed TTC trials for managing student behaviors, the rate of correct student responses among …
Supporting Parents In Title I Schools: A Qualitative Study Of Parent Engagement, Vanessa Sanchez
Supporting Parents In Title I Schools: A Qualitative Study Of Parent Engagement, Vanessa Sanchez
Master's Theses
This qualitative study focuses on how to improve parent engagement in Title I schools from parents’ point of view. The purpose of this project is to understand parent involvement in a Northern California school and how to improve it. This paper offers insights from parents’ perspectives how parents view the education process. The focus is on their experiences and how to support all parents. The lenses of the study is viewed through a critical pedagogy and social cognitive theory. All five of the parents being interviewed had suggestions on how to improve parent engagement in Title I Schools. The three …
Beating The Odds: High-Growth Schools Based On The Act Aspire Examinations, Serving Low-Income Communities, Charlene A. Reid, Sarah C. Mckenzie
Beating The Odds: High-Growth Schools Based On The Act Aspire Examinations, Serving Low-Income Communities, Charlene A. Reid, Sarah C. Mckenzie
Arkansas Education Reports
This edition of the OEP Awards highlights schools in Arkansas based on student growth on the ACT Aspire exams in Mathematics and English Language Arts (ELA). This is a departure from prior awards, which were based on student proficiency.
We choose to focus on student growth for these OEP awards because we think it is a better reflection than proficiency rates of how the school is impacting students. Growth is calculated at the student level, and essentially reflects how much a student improved his or her score from the prior year compared to what was predicted based on prior achievement …
Engineering Career Academies: A Comparison Of Middle School Student Academic Performance, Jakub D. Prokop
Engineering Career Academies: A Comparison Of Middle School Student Academic Performance, Jakub D. Prokop
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A quasi-experimental study tested an integrated curriculum design in two career academies with engineering themes at the middle school level. Teachers in the engineering career academies, using the National Standards of Practice, implemented cross curricular units to middle school student cohorts. Participant cohorts ranged in sample sizes (n = 79, 155, 237, and 232) during the four years of analysis. Constructivism was used as a framework for the study and supported by integrated curriculum units. This study examined middle school students’ performance in reading and mathematics on state assessments of students in the engineering career academies to students not enrolled …
Prejudice Reduction In Public Schools: A Dialogic Approach, Maru Gonzalez, Michael J. Kokozos
Prejudice Reduction In Public Schools: A Dialogic Approach, Maru Gonzalez, Michael J. Kokozos
Journal of Educational Research and Practice
Increasingly, students are facing hostility and violence as a result of one or more of their social group memberships. Such prejudicial attitudes and actions contribute to antagonistic intergroup relationships in public schools (i.e., K–12). This article examines dialogic approaches to prejudice reduction, with a specific emphasis on intergroup dialogue in public K–12 schools. Evidence-based steps and strategies that educators can use to develop intergroup dialogue competencies and cultivate a more dialogic environment in their schools and classrooms are also introduced.
Promoting Inclusion In A "Struggling School": Supporting Co-Teachers Through Critical Appreciative-Inquiry Based Professional Development, Louis Olander
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation explores the extent to which the beliefs and practices of teachers who work in a “struggling” school can be shifted towards inclusiveness through an action research based professional development program. The school was struggling in that it was charged with the education of children who are marginalized by a range of social forces while simultaneously accountable to institutional priorities. Broadly speaking, these institutional priorities preferred behaviorist punishment and technocratic approaches to meeting student needs, devaluing and decontextualizing students’ proficiencies as test scores and special education labels, in turn impeding inclusive change. Over the course of four months, an …
Tools Enabling A Student Who Is Blind In A Liberal Arts Chemistry Laboratory Course, Jessica Michael, H. David Wohlers
Tools Enabling A Student Who Is Blind In A Liberal Arts Chemistry Laboratory Course, Jessica Michael, H. David Wohlers
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
Chemistry laboratories ordinarily involve a number of visual observations and require qualitative and quantitative explanations of these observations. A student with blindness at Truman State University successfully completed the laboratory portion of the nonmajors liberal arts chemistry course with the assistance of a senior undergraduate chemistry education major, the guidance of a chemistry professor with blindness, and a variety of alternative laboratory methods. Volumes were measured using a notched syringe or the graduated cylinder pipet technique. Changes in color were measured by a Color Analysis Laboratory Sensor (CALS) and a Submersible Audio Light Sensor (SALS). Balance and Vernier probe measurements …
Assessment Of Climate Science Knowledge And Perceptions Of Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Students, Annemarie Ross, Kyle Edenzon, Susan Smith Pagano, Randy Yerrick, Todd Pagano
Assessment Of Climate Science Knowledge And Perceptions Of Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Students, Annemarie Ross, Kyle Edenzon, Susan Smith Pagano, Randy Yerrick, Todd Pagano
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
Curricula related to sustainability and climate science are being integrated into academic science courses and programs. We set out to assess the knowledge of some of these environmental concepts among a group of Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing (D/d/HH) postsecondary students. A survey that attempted to gauge student understanding and perceptions of climate science was developed, administered to D/d/HH and hearing college students, and analyzed. Preliminary results showed that there could be some gaps in related knowledge among the D/d/HH group. Rasch analysis was then used to assess the quality of the survey for the intended outcomes and improved iterations of the survey were …
Wcag 2.1 Meets Stem: Application, Interpretation, And Opportunities For Further Standard Development, Jason White
Wcag 2.1 Meets Stem: Application, Interpretation, And Opportunities For Further Standard Development, Jason White
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
This paper offers an overview of changes introduced in the recent Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 standard that have implications for the accessibility of content in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. In reviewing new provisions of WCAG 2.1, interpretive questions are raised regarding their application to mathematical and scientific materials. The paper is concluded with a brief discussion of opportunities for further enhancing accessibility of STEM materials in future revisions of the Guidelines.
Teaching Basic Cryptography Concepts Using Braille And Large Print Manipulatives, Jason Martin
Teaching Basic Cryptography Concepts Using Braille And Large Print Manipulatives, Jason Martin
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
The scope of this article is to describe the creation and implementation of specialized adaptations used in teaching the subject of basic cryptography to students who are visually impaired or blind. Included is an overview of events held for visually impaired and blind transition age youth in Alabama and the methods used to engage this population in the subject of computer science. Teaching strategies utilized for this unique demographic of students are discussed as they relate to the sample cryptography lessons used during the transition day events. The construction of three forms of adapted ciphers are described in addition to …
Making 3d Laser Cut Stratigraphic Audio-Responsive Tactile Templates, Michael A. Kolitsky
Making 3d Laser Cut Stratigraphic Audio-Responsive Tactile Templates, Michael A. Kolitsky
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
The geologic method of stratigraphy which studies the structure of the earth by making layers was employed with 3D laser cutting techniques to make more easily defined tactile regions in templates of cells, tissues and anatomic regions containing muscles and bones. Templates were made audio responsive by hand-drilling a small hole in a template and filling that hole with conductive electric paint. A finger touch to the template top side now carries a charge similar to an electric circuit to the template bottom side resting on the surface of an iPad or iPad Pro where an audio button produces audio …
The Effects Of Service-Learning On Middle School Students’ Personal Growth, Social Growth, And Citizenship, Kae C. Saelee-Hiraoka
The Effects Of Service-Learning On Middle School Students’ Personal Growth, Social Growth, And Citizenship, Kae C. Saelee-Hiraoka
Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to describe and explain middle school administrators’, teachers’, and coordinators’ observations and knowledge of the effect of service-learning on students’ personal growth, social growth, and civic engagement.
Methodology: This phenomenological qualitative study based its findings on in-depth interviews, transcripts, and participant artifacts. Six middle school administrators and eight teachers, and coordinators located in Tulare County, California utilizing service-learning in the 2017-2018 school year, or prior, were interviewed. An interview script, which was developed using the research questions, was used to elicit administrators’, teachers’, and coordinators’ observations and knowledge pertaining to the …
2019 Ijbe Front Matter, Tamra Connor
2019 Ijbe Front Matter, Tamra Connor
International Journal for Business Education
- Editorial Board
- President's Letter
- SIEC-ISBE International
Overview Of The 2018 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary A. Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Overview Of The 2018 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary A. Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
From The Co-Editors..., Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
From The Co-Editors..., Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Connecting Bullying And School Drop Out, June Jenkins, Jan Urbanski
Connecting Bullying And School Drop Out, June Jenkins, Jan Urbanski
National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference
**
Scipp: An Expanded Community Of Practice - Community Publishing, Juan Delgado, Kelly (Kl) Straight Dortch, Daiana Rodriguez, Alex Avila, William Beshears, Juliana Cruz, Gina Hanson, Frank Houlihan, Lacey Kendall, Larry Light, Cati Porter, Molly Tor, Timothy "Isaac" Pieper, Bianka Sanchez, Sara Trowbridge, Daniel Aguilar, Bernardo Benigno, Arely Bernal, Alejandra Bueno, Emily Campos, Jason Cannon, Griselda Caudillo Gallo, Joshua Clemente, Sarah Coblentz, Diana D'Arcangelo, Georgia Darwin, Mary Grace Deasis, Kaylan Els, Keith Fernandez, Maria Flores, Khiyara Frontela, Anthony Galvan, Monica Galvez, Martin Garcia, Jessica Godin, Freda Guzman, Madison Hall, Diana Huitron Munoz, Jennifer Ledesma, Maria Lias Chacon, Rebekah Linares, Prisma Loya, Elijah Magana, Alberto Mancillas, Lorinda Maya, Jennifer Pimentel, Nancy Ramirez, Angelica Rodriguez, Alexis Ruvalcaba, Sandra Sandoval De Rosas, Emily Stoddard, Andrea Tinajero, Lesly Velez Montenegro, Saulo Velez Montenegro, Matthew Vigil, Sergio Zamora, Marylou Alvarez, Roxanna Cervantes, Tenaya Fuentes, Wendy Moreno, David Valenzuela, Philip Colunga, Augustine "Auggie" Fuentes, Nadia Fuentes, Olive Fuentes, Sophia Fuentes, Miraya Martinez, Diego Mercado, Iker Valenzuela, Roma Valenzuela
Scipp: An Expanded Community Of Practice - Community Publishing, Juan Delgado, Kelly (Kl) Straight Dortch, Daiana Rodriguez, Alex Avila, William Beshears, Juliana Cruz, Gina Hanson, Frank Houlihan, Lacey Kendall, Larry Light, Cati Porter, Molly Tor, Timothy "Isaac" Pieper, Bianka Sanchez, Sara Trowbridge, Daniel Aguilar, Bernardo Benigno, Arely Bernal, Alejandra Bueno, Emily Campos, Jason Cannon, Griselda Caudillo Gallo, Joshua Clemente, Sarah Coblentz, Diana D'Arcangelo, Georgia Darwin, Mary Grace Deasis, Kaylan Els, Keith Fernandez, Maria Flores, Khiyara Frontela, Anthony Galvan, Monica Galvez, Martin Garcia, Jessica Godin, Freda Guzman, Madison Hall, Diana Huitron Munoz, Jennifer Ledesma, Maria Lias Chacon, Rebekah Linares, Prisma Loya, Elijah Magana, Alberto Mancillas, Lorinda Maya, Jennifer Pimentel, Nancy Ramirez, Angelica Rodriguez, Alexis Ruvalcaba, Sandra Sandoval De Rosas, Emily Stoddard, Andrea Tinajero, Lesly Velez Montenegro, Saulo Velez Montenegro, Matthew Vigil, Sergio Zamora, Marylou Alvarez, Roxanna Cervantes, Tenaya Fuentes, Wendy Moreno, David Valenzuela, Philip Colunga, Augustine "Auggie" Fuentes, Nadia Fuentes, Olive Fuentes, Sophia Fuentes, Miraya Martinez, Diego Mercado, Iker Valenzuela, Roma Valenzuela
Q2S Enhancing Pedagogy
SCIPP redefines and expands the existing notions about what makes for a vibrant and robust community of practice by partnering CSUSB students and professors with K-12 students, parents, and educators, along with committed community partners. SCIPP encourages curiosity in ways that leads to critical thinking, exploration, "risk taking", confidence building, open-mindedness, and other personal traits that equip them with the softskills to be active, critical, and creative contributors to our communities. SCIPP pedagogy embraces our students' collective wisdom and focuses on relational building where multi-directional communication is promoted and students are viewed as equal stakeholders in their own educations. SCIPP …
Call For Manuscripts
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Copyright And Open Access
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Science Instruction For Secondary Students With Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders: A Guide For Curriculum Development, Tal Slemrod, Leah Wood, Shelley Hart, William Coleman
Science Instruction For Secondary Students With Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders: A Guide For Curriculum Development, Tal Slemrod, Leah Wood, Shelley Hart, William Coleman
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
This article provides a step-by-step guide for the organization and development of science lessons and units, to support the academic and behavioral performance of secondary students with challenges with related disabilities. This clinical practice guide provides a process for curriculum development for students with emotional or behavior disorders (EBD) in the science classroom. Steps include recommendations, goals, and examples for administrators and educators to discover appropriate plans and interventions to promote engagement and learning, including supporting success on State mandated High Stakes Assessments.
Implications Of 3-D Printing For Teaching Geoscience Concepts To Students With Visual Impairments, Karen E. Koehler, Tiffany A. Wild, Sean Tikkun
Implications Of 3-D Printing For Teaching Geoscience Concepts To Students With Visual Impairments, Karen E. Koehler, Tiffany A. Wild, Sean Tikkun
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
This article presents the results of a study on the use of 3-D printed models in a science classroom for students with visual impairments and examines whether the use of these models impacts student conceptual understanding and misconceptions related to geosciences concepts, specifically plate tectonics.
Data were collected one week prior to instruction, one week after instruction and throughout the 3-week instructional period. Results showed that students with visual impairments held many of the same misconceptions about plate tectonics as students who are typically sighted. All students in this study had fewer misconceptions after the instructional period than they held …
Student Voices: African American High School Seniors' Perception Of Culturally Responsive Teaching., Whitney M. Stewart
Student Voices: African American High School Seniors' Perception Of Culturally Responsive Teaching., Whitney M. Stewart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examined African-American high school seniors’ perceptions of culturally responsive teaching in one public high school within a large urban public-school district in the southeastern region of the United States. It begins with a brief historical overview on the plight of African-Americans in the US public education system and how public school educators have failed to leverage Afrocultural learning orientations as an asset to educate and increase the academic achievement of African-American students in classrooms. The Philosophical Aspects of Cultural Difference Framework (Nichols, 1986, 1995) will guide this dissertation study. The latter part of the dissertation reveals that a …
Book Review: Towards Inclusion Of All Learners Through Science Teacher Education, Greg Stefanich
Book Review: Towards Inclusion Of All Learners Through Science Teacher Education, Greg Stefanich
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
It is a pleasure to receive an invitation to submit a review for the book titled Towards Inclusion of All Learners through Science Teacher Education. The contributors include four wellknown leaders in inclusive science education complemented by a spectrum of authors American and international, in pre-service and graduate science education, pre-service and graduate special education, science research, special education practitioners, classroom teachers, graduate students, and students through case studies and interviews.
The book presents an excellent overview of current practices in schools, descriptions of individual and team efforts to improve practice, and emerging innovations such as the application of Universal …
Exploring Problem-Based Learning For Middle School Design And Engineering Education In Digital Fabrication Laboratories, Monica M. Chan, Paulo Blikstein
Exploring Problem-Based Learning For Middle School Design And Engineering Education In Digital Fabrication Laboratories, Monica M. Chan, Paulo Blikstein
Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning
This is a research study of design and engineering classes that use a problem-based learning (PBL) approach in digital fabrication makerspaces in two middle schools. In these studies, teachers employ a PBL approach and provide an ill-structured problem scenario to facilitate design and engineering lessons in the FabLab (fabrication laboratory). Students in each school tackled different challenges that they defined for themselves in groups. This study provides examples of student-student interactions separated into key themes—defining specifications with teammates, personal exploration, and communication about discoveries. This study also provides examples of teacher-student interactions, and themes include demonstrations with tangible objects, discussing …
School Shouldn’T End When The Bell Rings: An Exploratory Homeschooling Study, Mackenzie Dukelow
School Shouldn’T End When The Bell Rings: An Exploratory Homeschooling Study, Mackenzie Dukelow
MA Research Paper
Homeschooling has experienced significant growth over the last several decades, yet little to no research has explored the relationship between homeschoolers and the public education system. Being the first to explore this relationship, the current study collected and examined data from 3 semi-structured interviews and 15 online homeschooling blogs in order to understand the growth of homeschooling in Ontario and the relationship between homeschooling and the public education system. The results of this study reveal the relationship between homeschoolers and the public education system varies significantly over time and locale, the challenges within each system and the difficulty of transitioning …
School Climate: A Comparison Of Teachers, Students, And Parents, James A. Jacobs
School Climate: A Comparison Of Teachers, Students, And Parents, James A. Jacobs
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study was designed to examine the benefits of positive school climate and to measure the perceptions of school climate for intermediate grades in a Northeast Tennessee School district. An online school climate survey was used to collect responses from participants in intermediate grades and focused on the 3 major components of school climate: school engagement, school environment, and school safety. Data were collected for 2 consecutive years in 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. Response totals included 1,955 student responses, 116 teacher responses, and 210 parent responses that were analyzed and used for this study. Of the student totals, some students that …
Practitioner Research In Schools: Revealing The Efficacy Agency Cycle, Edward Resnick
Practitioner Research In Schools: Revealing The Efficacy Agency Cycle, Edward Resnick
Educational Studies Dissertations
Years of high stakes testing and managerial directives to improve student test scores created a trend of teachers’ declining sense of efficacy and agency. Researchers have yet to examine the perceptions of teachers following requirements to improve student engagement and school climate in an effort to improve academic performance following the authorization of local and national educational accountability reforms. The purpose of this study is to examine how teachers perceive their efficacy and agency in response to the addition of nonacademic measures and the requirement of documented input from teachers and other stakeholders into educational policy planning procedures. Veteran K-12 …