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Articles 61 - 90 of 118
Full-Text Articles in Elementary Education and Teaching
The Role Of Schooling In Constructing Gendered Identities, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Abid Hussainy
The Role Of Schooling In Constructing Gendered Identities, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Abid Hussainy
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
Many research studies show that schools play an important role in constructing gendered identities of girls and boys in western contexts. In Pakistan, there are research studies on the construction of gender in textbooks but studies on the role of schools are either unreported or unavailable. To address this gap in the literature, an exploratory study was carried out in public sector schools in the urban and semi-urban areas of Karachi. The findings indicate that the inter-relationship of the structure of schools, the official curriculum, teaching and learning practices and teacher beliefs result in a gendered division of labor, gendered …
Assessing Formatively In The English Language Classroom, Sherwin Rodrigues
Assessing Formatively In The English Language Classroom, Sherwin Rodrigues
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
The area of ‘assessment’ – and particularly that of ‘formative assessment’ – has attracted the increasing attention of educational researchers within the last decade. This article presents the findings of a qualitative research study that was conducted in a primary school in Oxford, UK. Data were gathered through classroom observations that were videotaped. The assessment strategies used by the teacher were the foci of observations. It was found that questioning and feedback were two key elements characteristics of a teacher’s formative assessment practice in the English Language primary classroom. Extensive questioning for assessment purposes invited pupils to contribute ideas, checked …
Least Common Multiple Of Teacher Leadership Styles: Implication For Classroom, Khalid Mahmood
Least Common Multiple Of Teacher Leadership Styles: Implication For Classroom, Khalid Mahmood
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
In a school, a teacher, as a leader, interacts directly with the students to develop their cognition for a desired outcome. At the same time s/he also forms a caring relationship with them not only to guide them academically but also socially and spiritually. Students also have certain capacity for their own learning. This capacity to large extent influences by teacher’s role in the classroom. Hence three factors have major influence to shape effectiveness of a classroom. In the study reported in this paper, combinations of these factors were sought and presented in three dimensional models. Eight different combinations (models) …
School Improvement In Multi-Grade Situation (Sims): An Innovation Of The Pdcc, Jalal Wali Khan
School Improvement In Multi-Grade Situation (Sims): An Innovation Of The Pdcc, Jalal Wali Khan
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
Professional Development Center, Chitral (PDCC), since its establishment in Chitral, is committed to work with its partner education providers for the improvement of quality of teaching and learning in schools. PDCC believes that effective teaching and learning in primary, acts as a foundation stone for higher education, but currently it does not happen in majority of our primary schools. Multi-grade situation in primary schools is one of the many reasons of low quality education. School Improvement in Multi-grade Situation (SIMS) was piloted in five schools aiming to improve the current Multi-grade Teaching (MGT) situation in schools. This study intended to …
Learning To Use Innovative Pedagogy: The Experience Of A Primary Science Teacher In Pakistan, Nelofer Halai
Learning To Use Innovative Pedagogy: The Experience Of A Primary Science Teacher In Pakistan, Nelofer Halai
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
This study examined the experiences of primary science teachers when they weThis study examined the experiences of primary science teachers when they were exposed to a new and innovative teaching strategy and the process that they followed in using the strategy in the class- room for the first time. Four primary science teachers, among the 22 participants of an 8-week Certificate in Education (Science) in Karachi, were observed and interviewed after the four-day teaching session where they were instructed how to use "Discrepant Events" to teach science content. Only the case of Farhana Batool, a teacher in a private school, …
Exclusion Of Girls From Education In Rural Pakistan, Parvez Pirzado
Exclusion Of Girls From Education In Rural Pakistan, Parvez Pirzado
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
Teacher Education In Pakistan With Particular Reference To Teachers' Conceptions Of Teaching, Amin Rehmani
Teacher Education In Pakistan With Particular Reference To Teachers' Conceptions Of Teaching, Amin Rehmani
Examination Board
This paper discusses teacher education in Pakistan with particular emphasis on teachers’ conceptions of teaching in improving quality of education. This paper is based on an initial study that examines teachers’ conceptions of teaching in the context of Pakistan. The study seeks to explore whether teachers’ conceptions of teaching influence decision-making in classroom teaching. It describes conditions of teaching and learning in Pakistan and argues for reform in teacher education to improve quality of teaching and learning.
Initiating Change In Classrooms: Pathways And Challenges For East African Schools, Anjum Halai, Ruth Otienoh, Zeenat Shariff, Naomi Swat
Initiating Change In Classrooms: Pathways And Challenges For East African Schools, Anjum Halai, Ruth Otienoh, Zeenat Shariff, Naomi Swat
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
This paper draws upon classroom-related findings from a set of impact case studies of whole school improvement in six primary schools that have been involved as “cooperating schools” in long-term school-university partnerships with the Aga Khan University Institute for Educational Development (IED), and it’s Professional Development Centre in East Africa (PDC-EA). The IED approach for school improvement involves participating schools in multiple strands of professional development, including: a two-year masters degree programme that provides selected teachers with the pedagogical and leadership knowledge and skills to serve as Professional Development Teachers in their schools; Certificate in Education programmes (CEP) for teachers …
Change Agents’ Orientations To Change, Mir Afzal Tajik
Change Agents’ Orientations To Change, Mir Afzal Tajik
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
This study explores five field education officers’ (FEOs) understanding of their dual roles as educational reformers and community developers in the rural, mountainous district of Chitral, Pakistan. In particular, it examines their specific actions and methods (strategies) and their underlying assumptions and core values (orientations) of change. These FEOs work as change agents in schools and in the local communities where schools have been established by the Aga Khan Education Service, Pakistan (AKES,P). The study’s findings derive from empirical data collected through qualitative research methods, such as semi-structured interviews (individual and focus-group), non-participant observations, post-observation discussions, informal conversations and analysis …
Reforming Public Education In Developing Countries: Turning Challenges Into Opportunities, Rana Hussain, Sajid Ali
Reforming Public Education In Developing Countries: Turning Challenges Into Opportunities, Rana Hussain, Sajid Ali
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
This paper tries to respond to a basic question: “Can public education (or some aspects of it) be reformed?” The authors’ response to this question is, “Yes, public education can be reformed, if contextual possibilities are exploited efficiently.” Although a straight forward and simplistic response to the question, this was felt necessary to counter an unfavourable bias towards public education sector without recognizing the challenges that it faces, and without recognizing the potential of many of the public teachers who continuously strive to change these negative perceptions. This paper recognizes the potential of public sector education and shares a relatively …
Effective School Leadership: Can It Lead To Quality Education?, Jan-E-Alam Khaki
Effective School Leadership: Can It Lead To Quality Education?, Jan-E-Alam Khaki
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
This paper examines the role of effective leaders in bringing about quality in teaching and learning in schools. It is based on my doctoral empirical research undertaken during 2000-2005 under the auspices of the University of Toronto’s Ontario Institute of Studies in Education (OISE/UT), Canada. My study explores the roles, beliefs and behaviors of three reputationally effective secondary school headteachers in Karachi, Pakistan, in three types of schools – government, community and independent, assuming that contextual factors will influence the nature of leadership. The findings reveal that all three heads’ beliefs and practices show similarity in a vision of providing …
Health Curriculum And School Quality: Aku-Ied’S, Shabnam Ahmed
Health Curriculum And School Quality: Aku-Ied’S, Shabnam Ahmed
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
This paper is based on the experiences of the Health Action Schools project at AKU-IED and looks at issues surrounding the definition, choice and implementation of planned content of health education for primary schools in Pakistan. The paper argues that health education is a vital component to achieving quality because it links home with school; ‘needs now’ with ‘needs later’. Yet it proves exceptionally difficult to plan and deliver such content effectively because curriculum planning bodies are geared to work with separate subjects rather than across the curriculum, with classroom content rather than wider learning experiences in and from school, …
Teacher Leaders: Experiences Of Pakistani Teachers In Leading School Improvement Activities, Mwanaate Shabaan, Rashida Qureshi
Teacher Leaders: Experiences Of Pakistani Teachers In Leading School Improvement Activities, Mwanaate Shabaan, Rashida Qureshi
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
Teachers As Leaders In The Pakistani Context, Nusrat Fatima Rizvi
Teachers As Leaders In The Pakistani Context, Nusrat Fatima Rizvi
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
School Improvement: A Case From The Northern Areas In Pakistan, Gulzar Kanji, Takbir Ali
School Improvement: A Case From The Northern Areas In Pakistan, Gulzar Kanji, Takbir Ali
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Professional Development And School Improvement In Central Asia, Gulgunchamo Naimova
Professional Development And School Improvement In Central Asia, Gulgunchamo Naimova
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Developing Leadership And Management Capacity For School Improvement, Muhammad Memon, Tim Simkins, Charles Sisum, Zubeda Bana
Developing Leadership And Management Capacity For School Improvement, Muhammad Memon, Tim Simkins, Charles Sisum, Zubeda Bana
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Problems Of Teachers' Re-Entry In Schools After In-Service Education, Razia Fakir Mohammad
Problems Of Teachers' Re-Entry In Schools After In-Service Education, Razia Fakir Mohammad
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Teacher Education And School Improvement: A Case Study From Pakistan, Anil Khamis, Shahida Jawed
Teacher Education And School Improvement: A Case Study From Pakistan, Anil Khamis, Shahida Jawed
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Affecting Schools Through A Health Education Initiative, Tashmin Kassam-Khamis, Sadia Muzzafar Bhutta
Affecting Schools Through A Health Education Initiative, Tashmin Kassam-Khamis, Sadia Muzzafar Bhutta
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Citizenship Education In Pakistani Schools: Problems And Possibilities, Bernadette L. Dean
Citizenship Education In Pakistani Schools: Problems And Possibilities, Bernadette L. Dean
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
A critical aspect of education that is often overlooked or inadequately addressed is the preparation of school students for citizenship. This paper assesses the current state of citizenship education in Pakistani schools. It draws on the findings of two research studies: an analysis of the social studies curriculum and textbooks and a review of teaching and learning practices in schools. The findings indicate that the curriculum and textbooks do not distinguish between Islamic education and citizenship education and promotes exclusionary and passive citizenship. They also shows that while Pakistani students acquire knowledge and learn some important values in schools, they …
Educational Development Projects At Ied: Towards School Improvement, Khalid Mahmood, Nilofar Vazir
Educational Development Projects At Ied: Towards School Improvement, Khalid Mahmood, Nilofar Vazir
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
The M.Ed. program at The Aga Khan University-Institute for Educational Development helps to develop Course Participants (CPs) as teacher educators / educational leaders. The institute always welcomes innovations in its various programmes. The Educational Development Project (EDP) was conceived as an alternative to research to develop CPS’ knowledge and skills required for developmental work. The EDP is concerned with capacity building at classroom and school level depending on the needs of the relevant stakeholders. A contextually relevant model was adapted for EDP at the institute. The research reported in this paper discussed the question: To what extent does the course …
Autonomy And School Success: A Case Study From Pakistan, Muhammad Babur, Qamar Safdar
Autonomy And School Success: A Case Study From Pakistan, Muhammad Babur, Qamar Safdar
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
This paper reports on a case investigated as a part of several case studies conducted under ANTRIEP (Asian Network of Research and Training Institute for Educational Planning) in seven different countries. (India, Pakistan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Nepal and Bangladesh) to look into the management of successful schools. Three cases studies were conducted in three different school systems in Pakistan: public school, private school and AKES (Aga Khan Education Services) managed schools. In this paper the case study of public and cross case analysis based on the findings of the three schools is reported. The findings reveal that school autonomy, …
Action Research For Female Science Teacher Development: Case Pakistan, Harcharan Pardhan
Action Research For Female Science Teacher Development: Case Pakistan, Harcharan Pardhan
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
Teachers’ Perceptions Of Their Professionalism In Government Primary Schools In Karachi, Pakistan, Meher Rizvi, Bob Elliot
Teachers’ Perceptions Of Their Professionalism In Government Primary Schools In Karachi, Pakistan, Meher Rizvi, Bob Elliot
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
This paper examines teachers’ perceptions of their professionalism under conditions of educational reforms in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan. Conceiving teacher professionalism in terms of four dimensions (teacher efficacy, teacher practice, teacher leadership and teacher collaboration) it reports a quantitative survey research study of teachers in these schools, where educational reforms have been initiated. One conclusion from the study is that such teachers do perceive themselves as professionals—a finding that is counter to the often-held beliefs about these teachers. The paper argues that it is important to regard teachers as professionals, capable of further enhancing their own professionalism, for …
Managing School Success: A Case Study From Pakistan, John Retallick
Managing School Success: A Case Study From Pakistan, John Retallick
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
This article reports on case study research into the management of successful schools in a developing country, Pakistan. In Pakistan there are attempts being made to improve school education through decentralisation and involving school communities through School Management Committees. Whilst serious problems remain in the provision of quality school education, there are nevertheless, some successful schools and the research sought to identify three such schools and investigate how and to what extent the management of the schools was contributing to their success. In the article a case study of one of the schools is reported along with the findings from …
Booni Valley Women’S Perception Of Schooling: Hopes And Barriers, Almina Pardhan
Booni Valley Women’S Perception Of Schooling: Hopes And Barriers, Almina Pardhan
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
Schooling for girls is a relatively recent process in Booni Valley, a remote mountainous village in Chitral District, Pakistan. It is impacting greatly upon the lives of the women. This study has taken an ethnographic perspective and has assumed that an understanding of women’s schooling requires a detailed, in-depth account of women’s actual experiences in a specific cultural setting. The women in the study perceive their local language, Khowar, as having little value and place great importance upon learning Urdu and English, the official languages of Pakistan. The women also perceive schooling to increase their mobility and independence and to …
Researching Practice, Practicing Research: Impact On Teaching And Learning, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Muneeza Kizilbash
Researching Practice, Practicing Research: Impact On Teaching And Learning, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Muneeza Kizilbash
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
This paper shares the findings of an action research study on the use of whole class discussion (WCD) in the classroom and will concentrate on the benefits and learning that accrue to students and teachers from the use of action research to facilitate discussion. It was observed that teachers appreciated enlarging their instructional repertoire and they also acknowledged that stepping back during discussion, however difficult, had enabled them to learn more from the students and also develop key academic and social skills. During this project, teachers learned how to identify and address specific problems in their classrooms and students displayed …
Prospective Teachers’ Ability To Pose Word Problems, Nusrat Fatima Rizvi
Prospective Teachers’ Ability To Pose Word Problems, Nusrat Fatima Rizvi
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
The purpose of this study was to assess difference in prospective teachers’ ability to pose word problems for mathematical expressions involving division before and after an instruction intervention. After the initial assessment of participants’ ability to pose word problems for division expressions, the researcher introduced an alternative model i.e. rate or ratio to represent division involving whole numbers. After the intervention it was assessed whether the model helped the prospective teachers develop word problems for division of fractions. The findings revealed that the prospective teachers successfully posed word problems for division of whole numbers based on intuitive model of fair …
Helping Children To Understand Particulate Nature Of Matter, Muhammad Riaz
Helping Children To Understand Particulate Nature Of Matter, Muhammad Riaz
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
Whenever I taught about the particulate nature of matter in solids, liquids and gases, I often had difficulty explaining this abstract concept to my students. The students, in turn, had much difficulty conceptualizing the structure and behavior of the particles, which ultimately led to difficulties in understanding the complex configuration of particles in matter at various levels. This article focuses on studies that reveal students’ alternative frameworks for the particulate nature of matter in solids, liquids and gases. Also, I suggest factors that contribute to these alternative frameworks, incorporating my own experiences in developing an understanding of this concept. Finally, …