Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Teacher Education and Professional Development Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Taylor University (365)
- Universitas Negeri Malang (320)
- Morehead State University (286)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (259)
- Central Washington University (177)
-
- Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) (123)
- University of Central Florida (110)
- Liberty University (106)
- Rochester Institute of Technology (94)
- Illinois State University (91)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (86)
- Aga Khan University (78)
- Gardner-Webb University (69)
- Western Michigan University (66)
- Fayetteville State University (65)
- Kennesaw State University (65)
- Walden University (63)
- Bank Street College of Education (61)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (56)
- Sacred Heart University (50)
- Edith Cowan University (46)
- Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan (44)
- National Louis University (43)
- Seton Hall University (42)
- Western Kentucky University (42)
- Eastern Illinois University (40)
- Nova Southeastern University (38)
- Kutztown University (34)
- SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad (32)
- East Tennessee State University (30)
- Keyword
-
- Education (334)
- Professional development (127)
- Higher education (105)
- Teaching (98)
- Assessment (94)
-
- SIEC Historical Documents (81)
- Technology (73)
- Teacher education (70)
- Evaluation (62)
- Teachers (54)
- Teaching profession (48)
- Literacy (43)
- American education (40)
- Classroom philosophy (40)
- Computers (40)
- Western world literature (40)
- Equity (39)
- Middle school (37)
- Pedagogy (37)
- Curriculum (34)
- Mathematics (34)
- Learning (33)
- Leadership (32)
- Education, General (31)
- Reading (30)
- Higher Education (29)
- Instruction (28)
- Teacher preparation (28)
- Self-efficacy (27)
- Student achievement (27)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan (318)
- Growth: The Journal of the Association for Christians in Student Development (283)
- Faculty Research at Morehead State University (243)
- Dissertations (162)
- Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives (158)
-
- All Master's Theses (128)
- Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities (91)
- International Journal for Business Education (83)
- Koinonia (81)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (80)
- Journal of Research Initiatives (65)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (61)
- Education Dissertations and Projects (57)
- Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE) (57)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (56)
- TAPESTRY (54)
- Journal of English Learner Education (49)
- Central Asian Journal of Education (44)
- Australian Journal of Teacher Education (43)
- Morehead State Theses and Dissertations (43)
- Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs) (42)
- Reaching Through Teaching (40)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (36)
- Institute for Educational Development, Karachi (36)
- Education Doctorate Dissertations (34)
- All Graduate Projects (33)
- Education Faculty Publications (30)
- Theses and Dissertations (29)
- New England Faculty Development Consortium Exchange (27)
- Occasional Paper Series (27)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 961 - 990 of 4078
Full-Text Articles in Teacher Education and Professional Development
Transforming Educators' Social Emotional Learning (Sel): A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring The Impact Of A Trauma-Informed Sel Intervention To Mitigate Educator Implicit Bias, Kemen Holley
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
While research has indicated that social emotional learning (SEL) approaches promote essential, long-lasting individual and collective development for students, the literature indicates a lack of evidence that educators are implementing SEL approaches to affirm the assets, lived experiences, and identities of students, particularly those belonging to minoritized groups. This Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice (ISDiP) employed a mixed-methods pragmatic, researchintervention process model that utilized a community-based action research approach to evaluate a trauma-informed SEL professional learning (PL) intervention as a viable practice to mitigate high school educators’ implicit biases. Through an anti-racist, anti-oppression framework, this study sought to determine the …
Addressing High School Student Stress: Exploring Student And Teacher Perceptions Of A Modified Dbt Steps-A Curriculum, Greg C. Hatzis
Addressing High School Student Stress: Exploring Student And Teacher Perceptions Of A Modified Dbt Steps-A Curriculum, Greg C. Hatzis
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
The problem of practice investigated is high school student stress and the many detrimental effects. The setting is a public high school in Southwestern Connecticut in a community that places a high value on academic achievement and college acceptance. A root cause analysis identifies two actionable drivers of change in teacher practices and the lack of student self-management skills. A review of scholarly knowledge and local practices leads to an investigation of strategies to mitigate the problem. This review identifies Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training for Emotional Problem Solving for Adolescents (DBT STEPS-A) as a high leverage strategy to address …
Moving The Needle: Impacting Teachers' Practices That Support Students' Sel Development, Tammi Y. Dockett-Wilson
Moving The Needle: Impacting Teachers' Practices That Support Students' Sel Development, Tammi Y. Dockett-Wilson
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
Research has shown how students’ social-emotional development impacts their lives beyond school and the benefits social-emotional development has had on academic growth, as social-emotional development and academics, worked in unison (Locklear, 2020). Therefore, students should receive support in developing their social-emotional learning skills while they are receiving academic instruction (Yoder, 2014b). One suggested way to accomplish this goal is to provide teachers with the knowledge about social-emotional learning, followed by supporting them through their social-emotional learning implementations (Ferguson-Patrick, 2010). This Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice utilized a convergent mixed methods intervention design to interact with the six research partners, who …
Analyzing The Effects Of Mathematical Mindsets And Self-Regulation Of Middle School Students To Overcome The Challenges Of Math Anxiety, Bardhyl Gjoka
Analyzing The Effects Of Mathematical Mindsets And Self-Regulation Of Middle School Students To Overcome The Challenges Of Math Anxiety, Bardhyl Gjoka
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
In the rapidly changing world, schools must prepare students for jobs and careers that may not exist today. Mathematics is one of the core subject areas that help students prepare to meet the demands of the 21st-century. When students are proficient in mathematics, they have the opportunity to build problem-solving skills. Learning mathematics helps students find solutions to a problem logically and develop analytical thinking skills. However, many students struggle with mathematical content and concepts during math lessons and learning activities. Teachers need to create practical age-appropriate lessons focusing on problem-solving skills to help students who fear math and experience …
Put Your Own Mask On First: A Supportive Group-Based Experience For Teachers Developing Competence In Employing Sel In The Classroom, Karolyn S. Dahlstrom
Put Your Own Mask On First: A Supportive Group-Based Experience For Teachers Developing Competence In Employing Sel In The Classroom, Karolyn S. Dahlstrom
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
The demands for teachers to integrate social-emotional concepts into the classroom have never been higher, yet there is little formal or informal professional development dedicated to developing competence in this domain. This mixed-methods study examined the impact of an ongoing, professional development series on the confidence and competence of teachers to integrate social-emotional instructional strategies into the classroom. Although a small sample size, participants reported increased confidence in integrating SEL concepts, noted the overall quality of their instruction improved, perceived increased support from school administration, and reported the model of professional development delivery as effective. This study suggests the merits …
The Effects Of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy On Middle School Teachers' Sel Self-Efficacy And Instructional Practices, Caitlin A. O'Keefe
The Effects Of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy On Middle School Teachers' Sel Self-Efficacy And Instructional Practices, Caitlin A. O'Keefe
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
This Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice investigated the impact professional learning in Culturally Responsive Pedagogy had on teacher SEL self-efficacy and instructional practices in a middle school. Educators faced many new challenges with the onset of a global pandemic, increased political polarization, and social unrest fueled by system racism. In the blink of an eye, teachers adapted their instructional practices to teach in full remote, hybrid, and, eventually, in-person instruction with strict COVID-19 guidelines. Teachers noted a decrease in student connectedness and higher disengagement from school. Students’ social and emotional needs grew, and classroom teachers became the triage nurses in …
See Me, Hear Me, Teach Me: Addressing Equity, Diversity, And Student Engagement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching, Diana Diiorio
See Me, Hear Me, Teach Me: Addressing Equity, Diversity, And Student Engagement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching, Diana Diiorio
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
This Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice aimed to investigate how teachers' cultural backgrounds and potential cultural biases were manifested in their teaching and determine the degree to which student engagement is impacted as a result of teachers' proficiency in the use of Cultural-linguistic Responsiveness (CLR). Additionally, this study aims to intervene in the problem of practice (lack of use of Cultural-linguistic Responsiveness strategies) through assessment of the impact of training to increase Cultural-linguistic Responsiveness strategies. By utilizing a convergent mixed-method approach, this study follows a team of devoted school community members as they planned, implemented, studied, and reflected on the …
Unlocking Classroom Discourse: Supporting Early Career Teachers In Their Development Of Culturally Inclusive Social-Emotional Teaching Practices, Kelly L. Falvey
Unlocking Classroom Discourse: Supporting Early Career Teachers In Their Development Of Culturally Inclusive Social-Emotional Teaching Practices, Kelly L. Falvey
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
This Improvement Science research study investigates how school districts can support educators with one to three years of experience in developing culturally inclusive social-emotional teaching practices (CISEL). This mixed-methods study aimed to understand the early career teacher experience and their perspectives on CISEL to identify structures that support this area of pedagogical development during the transition from preparation to employment. First, an initial root cause analysis exposed the need for more explicit integration of cultural inclusivity into educator preparation and early career teacher professional learning in the state and district that employs the scholarly practitioner. Secondly, the root cause analysis …
Career Development And Employability Skill Integration Within The Equine Science And Management Undergraduate Program At The University Of Kentucky, Savannah Faye Robin
Career Development And Employability Skill Integration Within The Equine Science And Management Undergraduate Program At The University Of Kentucky, Savannah Faye Robin
Theses and Dissertations--Educational Leadership Studies
College graduates need to be equipped with career and employability skills that are necessary to be meaningfully and gainfully employed in their future. These skills consist of self-management, career-management, essential-employability, and discipline-specific skills. More responsibility is being placed on college and university academic programs to ensure that students are graduating with these skills when they enter the workforce. However, students are growing less likely to participate in out of course career development activities and resources. Integrating these skills into program curriculum can be an effective way to ensure that all students have the ability to develop these necessary skills.
While …
An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Teacher Grit, Technology Self-Efficacy, And Technology Integration, Joshua Jeremiah Shiloh Marsh
An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Teacher Grit, Technology Self-Efficacy, And Technology Integration, Joshua Jeremiah Shiloh Marsh
Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences
The use of educational technology applications has grown tremendously in the last decade. Instructors are now equipped with hardware and software applications previously unavailable, such as mobile and interactive technologies. These tools can have tremendous impact on students’ learning and teacher practices. Teachers can improve their assessment capabilities through technology integration, provide better learning opportunities for students with learning disabilities, and promote deeper learning practices. Due to these benefits, budgets at the federal, state, and local levels of the United States now have specific allocations regarding technology-related purchases. Nevertheless, barriers remain regarding the effective integration of technologies in public schools. …
Ambitious And Anxious: How Chinese College Students Succeed And Struggle In American Higher Education, Sara Vander Bie
Ambitious And Anxious: How Chinese College Students Succeed And Struggle In American Higher Education, Sara Vander Bie
Growth: The Journal of the Association for Christians in Student Development
Sara Vander Bie reviews Ambitious and Anxious: How Chinese College Students Succeed and Struggle in American Higher Education by Yingyi Ma, published by Columbia University Press, 2020.
Supporting Teacher Retention Through A Trauma-Informed Lens, Nicole C. Reddig
Supporting Teacher Retention Through A Trauma-Informed Lens, Nicole C. Reddig
Honors Theses
This thesis explores the relationship between trauma-informed practices and teacher burnout and turnover. For the past decade, schools across the United States have seen high levels of burnout and turnover amongst their educators. At the same time, young children are experiencing high levels of exposure to traumatic events in childhood, affecting their behavior, social and emotional health, and ability to learn. While teachers play an important role in the support system for these students, they are also at risk for experiencing secondary trauma and burnout. To mitigate the effects of trauma, trauma-informed practices have been introduced in schools to respond …
The African American And The California Basic Skills Requirement For Teaching, Willie C. Thomas Ii
The African American And The California Basic Skills Requirement For Teaching, Willie C. Thomas Ii
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
This study examines why the passing rates of African Americans on the CBEST are the lowest in California at 60%. Madkins (2011) identified licensure testing as a significant reason why African Americans cannot enter the teaching progression. According to Darling-Hammond et al. (2016), California has an ongoing credentialed teacher shortage. An even more significant need is for teachers of color. According to the California Department of Education (2021), 60% of the state’s educator workforce is White, while the state student body, multicultural and multilingual, is only slightly more than 22% White. While licensure testing for teachers is required in all …
Teaching License In Pakistan: A White Paper 2022, Sajid Ali, Afaq Ahmed
Teaching License In Pakistan: A White Paper 2022, Sajid Ali, Afaq Ahmed
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
Transforming Social Work Practice And Research: Examining Lived Experiences Of Black Male Veteran Students And Mental Health, Tay Robinson
Transforming Social Work Practice And Research: Examining Lived Experiences Of Black Male Veteran Students And Mental Health, Tay Robinson
DSW Capstone Projects
Mental health disparities amongst the African American/Black community are well documented in literature. Throughout history the African American/ Black community have dealt with unethical operating procedures and research studies. This capstone project looks at historical facts, the lack of Black male veteran specific research as it relates to mental health, lived experiences of Black male veteran students with mental health/treatment, and developing culturally appropriate approaches to increasing research and effective practices to better serve this community.
The second chapter and first product of this capstone project is a systematic literature review. This literature review focused on finding literature on African …
Racial And Cultural Competence Through The Eyes Of Public-School Educators, Laquita Mcmillion
Racial And Cultural Competence Through The Eyes Of Public-School Educators, Laquita Mcmillion
Dissertations
The discussion of racial and cultural competence in public schools today is necessary. The student population of public schools across the United States has significantly grown racially and culturally diverse. Through the use of a narrative inquiry and a critical lens, this study explored the perception and experiences of public-school educators focused on the topic of racial and cultural competence as it relates to their classroom practice and educational policies. The focus of this research (1) describes and analyzes my personal experiences through the use of qualitative approaches, (2) shares the experiences and perceptions of three public-school educators, and (3) …
The Perceptions Of Instructional Coaches Regarding Relational Trust With Teachers: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study, Kathleen A. Provost
The Perceptions Of Instructional Coaches Regarding Relational Trust With Teachers: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study, Kathleen A. Provost
All Theses And Dissertations
Instructional coaching continues to be a professional development model that many districts utilize to foster professional growth among their teaching staff. Although instructional coaches are usually content area and pedagogical specialists hired as experts, there is a high level of teacher resistance to instructional coaching due to lack of trust reported between coaches and teachers in the kindergarten through 12th grade setting. Although previous research has signified the need for instructional coaches to build trust with their teaching colleagues, few studies captured the lived experiences of instructional coaches in how they build relational trust. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological …
A Balancing Act: Analyzing The Effects Of Embedded Versus Isolated Self-Regulation Breathing Techniques On Inattention And Phonemic Segmentation Skill Acquisition In Kindergartners, Kimberly A. Atkinson
A Balancing Act: Analyzing The Effects Of Embedded Versus Isolated Self-Regulation Breathing Techniques On Inattention And Phonemic Segmentation Skill Acquisition In Kindergartners, Kimberly A. Atkinson
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
Using a mixed-methods convergent design within an Improvement Science framework, this Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice analyzed the effects of embedding self-regulation breathing techniques into the phonemic segmentation lesson versus conducting the techniques prior to the lesson or not at all. The project was conducted across two elementary schools, using six kindergarten educators and classes. The research began with a pre-assessment, followed by two days of applying or withholding the intervention across three groups (no intervention, isolated intervention, embedded intervention), and concluded with a post-assessment. The researcher conducted the academic lessons while the educators conducted inattention behavioral observations. After each …
Building Emotionally Skilled Teachers: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring The Impact Of Mbi On Perceptions Of Self-Management, Enhanced Mindfulness, Well-Being, And Stress, Emily Coffin Daigle
Building Emotionally Skilled Teachers: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring The Impact Of Mbi On Perceptions Of Self-Management, Enhanced Mindfulness, Well-Being, And Stress, Emily Coffin Daigle
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
This Improvement Science Dissertation in Practice (ISDiP) aimed to understand to what extent mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) designed for the school setting aided in the development of middle school teachers’ perceptions of self-management skills and what impact MBIs had on participants’ perceptions of enhanced mindfulness, well-being, and stress. Additionally, the study reported on the indirect impact participation in the mindfulness program had on teachers’ perceptions of classroom management, climate, and relationships with students. Using a mixed-methods design, the researcher investigated the impact of a two-phase mindfulness program designed to provide high-quality professional learning and structured intervention to a group of 20 …
Making A Difference Through Sustained In-Service Teacher Training, Abha Gupta, Guang Lea Lee
Making A Difference Through Sustained In-Service Teacher Training, Abha Gupta, Guang Lea Lee
Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications
This study is based on collaboration between a school and a university on professional development training of 4th and 5th grade elementary school teachers in a southeastern state in the USA. The study was three-pronged and focused on teacher knowledge, pedagogy, and student achievement. We examined how the building of teacher capacity affected the performance of underachieving students in math and literacy. Underachieving students were targeted with specific strategies, projects, problems solving stories, self-reflection, and higher-level thinking questions. Student performance was measured for literacy achievement, with quantitative and qualitative measures used for data collection purposes. Students showed progress over previous …
Teachers’ Perceptions And Experiences During An Annual Performance And Development Cycle, Kerry Elliott, John Hattie, Lorraine Graham
Teachers’ Perceptions And Experiences During An Annual Performance And Development Cycle, Kerry Elliott, John Hattie, Lorraine Graham
Australian Journal of Teacher Education
In this study, the perceptions and experiences of eighteen teachers across three primary schools in Victoria, Australia, were examined as they participated in an annual performance and development cycle, guided by the Australian Teacher Performance and Development Framework. The study sought to investigate teachers’ experiences and perceptions of the cycle to understand the aspects perceived as valuable to these teachers. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were held with teachers at the beginning and end of each school’s annual performance and development cycle, and responses were thematically analysed. Findings suggest that school leaders perform a critical role in the …
Demonstrating ‘Impact’: Insights From The Work Of Preservice Teachers Completing A Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment, Peter D. Brett, Michelle Parks
Demonstrating ‘Impact’: Insights From The Work Of Preservice Teachers Completing A Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment, Peter D. Brett, Michelle Parks
Australian Journal of Teacher Education
Initial Teacher Education (ITE) reform in Australia has mandated that graduating teachers demonstrate their practice and ‘impact’ through the completion of a Teaching Performance Assessment (TPA) prior to graduation. The requirement to analyse ‘impact’ in teaching, requires a nuanced understanding of what ‘impact’ is and how it manifests in varied contemporary classrooms. This paper reports on how a sample of high-performing pre-service teachers from one Australian ITE institution, within a framework devised by Australia’s largest TPA consortium, appraised the impact of their teaching in the context of the disciplinary area of Humanities and Social Sciences (HASS). How ‘impact’ was articulated …
Are High Levels Of Educator Bias Associated With The Disproportionate Discipline Of Black Students?, Melissa Ann Ramos
Are High Levels Of Educator Bias Associated With The Disproportionate Discipline Of Black Students?, Melissa Ann Ramos
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Data on school discipline inequities have shown disproportionate numbers of Black students suspended and expelled compared to their non-Black counterparts. Despite the implementation of evidence-based solutions such as positive behavior supports and intervention, educator professional development, and restorative practices aimed at closing the racial discipline gap, little to no change has occurred. Critical Race Theory is used as a lens for viewing racial hierarchies as a socially constructed tool to oppress people of color. This oppression can be seen in various aspects of society and in education, especially in school discipline. It is fueled by biases, both implicit and explicit. …
Stages Of Implementation Of Distance Learning In Higher Education Institutions., Yokuthon Toxirovna Xakimova Teacher
Stages Of Implementation Of Distance Learning In Higher Education Institutions., Yokuthon Toxirovna Xakimova Teacher
Central Asian Journal of Education
The article provides information on the stages of the introduction of distance learning in higher education and the role of the teacher of higher education in the process of distance learning.
Level Of Development Of Students' Communication And Didactic Competence, Nilufar Turanbaevna Kochimova Teacher
Level Of Development Of Students' Communication And Didactic Competence, Nilufar Turanbaevna Kochimova Teacher
Central Asian Journal of Education
The specific importance of communicative competence in the professional and pedagogical activity of a foreign language teacher is analyzed.
Pedagogical And Psychological Conditions For The Formation Of Professional Competencies Of Future Teachers Of Computer Science, Jasur Amirddinovich Mardonkulov Researcher
Pedagogical And Psychological Conditions For The Formation Of Professional Competencies Of Future Teachers Of Computer Science, Jasur Amirddinovich Mardonkulov Researcher
Central Asian Journal of Education
In this article analyses pedagogical and psychological conditions for the formation of professional competencies of future teachers of computer science. Computer science is the study of computers and computing as well as their theoretical and practical applications. Computer science applies the principles of mathematics, engineering, and logic to a plethora of functions, including algorithm formulation, software and hardware development, and artificial intelligence. As we know the issue of forming the cognitive competencies of students, recognized as one of the key factors in the development of education in the world, is reflected in the implementation of the International Education Concept 2030 …
Methods Of Forming Mathematical Thinking In Elementary School Students Using Logical Problems, Kunduz Ruzibaevna Karimova Doctoral Student
Methods Of Forming Mathematical Thinking In Elementary School Students Using Logical Problems, Kunduz Ruzibaevna Karimova Doctoral Student
Central Asian Journal of Education
The article discusses thinking, mathematical thinking, the role of problems in the formation of mathematical thinking, logical problems and ways to solve them. How to think in order to solve a problem in the method of reasoning, how to draw a table correctly and place data, how to find the unknowns based on what information is given in the reverse solution method, how to describe the relationship between the data in the diagram method and the same information in the Euler diagrams method the selection of different sets and the combination of similar elements of the sets are easily explained …
A Systematic Approach To Improve The Competence Of The Analysis Of A Work Of Art, Hafiza Islamova Doctoral Student
A Systematic Approach To Improve The Competence Of The Analysis Of A Work Of Art, Hafiza Islamova Doctoral Student
Central Asian Journal of Education
This article analyzes works of art by means of specific methods and knowledge, skills and abilities based on a systematic approach in the educational process, aimed at a competency-based approach to the study of literature in secondary school students. skills and abilities in science. There are also recommendations for specific methods of art analysis.
The Importance Of Educational Technology In Teaching Physics Based On A Competency-Based Approach In Higher Education., Durdona Saydazimova
The Importance Of Educational Technology In Teaching Physics Based On A Competency-Based Approach In Higher Education., Durdona Saydazimova
Central Asian Journal of Education
This article presents a comparative analysis of the traditional and competent approach to the importance of educational technologies in teaching physics on the basis of a competency-based approach in technical higher education institutions, the basic concepts of improving physics teaching methods and individual approach.
Improving Teaching Ict Using Cognitive Competence In Primary Education, Jasur Amirddinovich Mardonkulov
Improving Teaching Ict Using Cognitive Competence In Primary Education, Jasur Amirddinovich Mardonkulov
Central Asian Journal of Education
Human society is unthinkable outside of communication. Communication is a necessary condition for the existence of people, without which it is impossible to fully form not only individual mental functions, processes and properties of a person, but also the personality as a whole. The reality and necessity of communication is determined by joint activity: in order to live, people are forced to interact. Always an active person communicates, whose activities intersect with the activities of other people. Communication allows you to organize social activities and enrich it with new connections and relationships between people.