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2022

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Articles 151 - 180 of 519

Full-Text Articles in Special Education and Teaching

Self-Determination And Culture: An Intervening Variable, Jenevie Wendy Bailey Jul 2022

Self-Determination And Culture: An Intervening Variable, Jenevie Wendy Bailey

LC Journal of Special Education

According to Wehmeyer at al. (2011), moderating variables exist that influence the outcome of successful self-determined individuals, which include age and life stages, gender, culture, religious beliefs and spirituality and experiences of oppression, segregation and discrimination (Zhang & Benz, 2006; Wehmeyer at al., 2011). This paper, however, will emphasize only the effects of culture in the quest for self-determined individuals. The purpose of this paper is to explore the special education literature to determine how self-determination is perceived in minority cultures and the possible cultural issues which affect self-determination. This paper may serve to fill in small gaps in the …

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Effective Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities In Algebra, Leeann Calvert Jul 2022

Effective Strategies For Students With Learning Disabilities In Algebra, Leeann Calvert

LC Journal of Special Education

It has now become crucial to develop strategies and methods to effectively educate students with learning disabilities in mathematics. Strategies that target and improve student’s problem solving ability should positively impact their overall math performance, grades, graduation rates, and postsecondary success (Montague, Enders, & Deitz, 2011). This paper will review research-based practices in algebra employed to successfully educate upper middle and high school students with learning disabilities and provide a summary of those practices which are effective and useful.

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Autism - The Sensory Piece, Marta Weis Jul 2022

Autism - The Sensory Piece, Marta Weis

LC Journal of Special Education

The first part of this paper will describe diagnostic characteristics of and the prevalence rates for autism. The second will outline sensory processing terminology and descriptions. The third part of this paper will describe research studies focusing on what if any links there are between ASD and sensory processing problems. The last part of this paper will discuss implications for educators and why understanding how sensory processing difficulties influence the behaviors of individuals with ASD.

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A Comprehensive Look Of Social Studies Instruction Seeking Effective Strategies, Lihua Yang Jul 2022

A Comprehensive Look Of Social Studies Instruction Seeking Effective Strategies, Lihua Yang

LC Journal of Special Education

First, this paper explains the possible barriers of instruction efficiency in social studies. Effective approaches, including application of universal design for learning, mnemonics, learning strategies, graphic organizers, and controversial discussion, are then reviewed to address learning problems in social studies. Thirdly, informal assessments such as portfolio, critical tools of preparing students in taking state wide assessment and tools of learning executive skills such as self-management, are discussed. Finally, this paper acknowledges the importance of effective instructional strategies in social studies and encourages educators to embrace student with different learning needs in social studies. Assessments are also emphasized to be incorporated …

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Facilitating Successful Inclusion At Secondary Schools In Dominica: A Study Of Teachers’ Perspectives, Jean Thomas-Jeremy Jul 2022

Facilitating Successful Inclusion At Secondary Schools In Dominica: A Study Of Teachers’ Perspectives, Jean Thomas-Jeremy

LC Journal of Special Education

The introduction of Universal Secondary Education (USE) in Dominica some 15 years ago has given rise to inclusive education in the country’s secondary school system. Although there is no legislation to govern or regulate inclusive based practices, the Ministry of Education in Dominica is encouraging secondary school administrations to put measures in place to facilitate inclusion. One of the major questions that remain is: Are schools prepared to meet the challenges of inclusion in the regular classroom? This survey seeks to answer this and other questions by eliciting teachers’ perception on inclusive education practices in Dominica.

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Auditory Processing Disorder (Apd): Identification And Accurate Diagnostic Procedures, Yvonne Mcmahon Jul 2022

Auditory Processing Disorder (Apd): Identification And Accurate Diagnostic Procedures, Yvonne Mcmahon

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge APD as a distinct learning disability thereby warranting its own disability category under IDEA. Secondly, this paper explains the heterogeneous nature of APD and the likeliness of co-occurring disorders associated with APD. The negative impacts of APD on behavioral, emotional, and social development are real and should not be underestimated. And thirdly, this paper urges parents, teachers, and school administrators to understand their role in advocating for correct diagnosis of learning disorders in an effort to provide their students with the most effective early intervention programs and elementary school instruction.

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Reading Comprehension Interventions For Students With Learning Disabilities Or Reading Difficulties In Grades 3-12: A Literature Review, 2006-2011, Jessica R. Scott Jul 2022

Reading Comprehension Interventions For Students With Learning Disabilities Or Reading Difficulties In Grades 3-12: A Literature Review, 2006-2011, Jessica R. Scott

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this review is to summarize recent scientific studies of various reading comprehension interventions for students with reading difficulties in grades 3-12 in order to provide a quick reference for administrators and educators who are interested in the latest research on reading comprehension interventions. Additionally, research findings are presented on how to increase the frequency of effective instruction of reading comprehension in the classroom.

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Visual Strategies For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle Jul 2022

Visual Strategies For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle

LC Journal of Special Education

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) commonly have deficits in the areas of communication, socialization, and behaviors. Because many students with ASD are described as visual learners, they tend to show improved response to information presented visually. By using a student's visual processing strength, these strategies can help decrease reliance on areas of deficits, such as auditory processing and communication. There are many supports teachers can use in the classroom to augment and enhance instruction that will increase student independence while decreasing dependence on adult prompts and cues (Ganz, 2007). Because students with ASD can have difficulties processing and understanding …

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Decreasing Self-Injurious Behaviors In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle Jul 2022

Decreasing Self-Injurious Behaviors In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Susan L. Mccorkle

LC Journal of Special Education

There has been increased concern in developing successful interventions for problem behaviors in ASD due to a rise in diagnoses of this disorder (Doughty & Doughty, 2008). This paper will explore applied behavior analysis research studies that have examined interventions used in the attempt to decrease or extinguish SIB in children with ASD. Procedural alternatives for behavioral reduction will be investigated and the results of research will be evaluated for significant influence on SIB. These include reinforcement-based strategies, extinction strategies, removal of desirable stimuli, and the presentation of aversive stimuli. The functional relationship between SIB and these alternatives for behavior …

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High School Special Education Teacher Retention: Does The Type Of Certification Make A Difference?, Diane Coughlin, Ravic Ringlaben Jul 2022

High School Special Education Teacher Retention: Does The Type Of Certification Make A Difference?, Diane Coughlin, Ravic Ringlaben

LC Journal of Special Education

Special education teacher retention is a nation-wide issue that continues. Almost half of special education teachers leave the profession during their first five years of teaching. Though some studies have researched this issue, few studies have compared teacher preparation: specifically, traditional versus alternative certification programs. This study focused on the perceptions of traditionally and alternatively certified high school special education teachers regarding their intent on leaving or staying in the profession. Data is provided that substantiates retention is still a problem for both traditionally and alternatively certified high school special education teachers. Suggestions to increase special education teacher retention are …

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Academic Interventions For Students With Asd, Deanna B. Cash Jul 2022

Academic Interventions For Students With Asd, Deanna B. Cash

LC Journal of Special Education

Following the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act in 2004 and its emphasis on inclusion of students with disabilities in the general education setting, students with Autism Spectrum Disorder are increasingly taught in general education classrooms (Leblanc, Richardson, & Burns, 2009; Simpson, Boer-Ott, & Smith-Myles, 2003). Data from the Annual Report to Congress on Implementation of IDEA (U.S. Department of Education, 2010) indicated that almost 90% of students with autism in public schools in the United States receive their education in general education classrooms for some part of the school day. Yet, both general education and special …

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A Spark Of Light In The Darkness: A Framework Of Habits And Routines That Grow Literacy Identities, Andy Schoenborn Jul 2022

A Spark Of Light In The Darkness: A Framework Of Habits And Routines That Grow Literacy Identities, Andy Schoenborn

Michigan Reading Journal

Using familiar and flexible classroom routines, authentic literacy habits, and encouragement, his students moved from "I hate reading and writing" to self-identifying as readers and writers in a matter of eighteen weeks.

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Measuring Teachers' Knowledge Of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury In The Classroom, Alana C. Moser Jul 2022

Measuring Teachers' Knowledge Of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury In The Classroom, Alana C. Moser

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

As more children reintegrate into the educational classrooms with traumatic brain injuries (TBI), educational teams must know the best ways to assist these students as they return to school. This predictive correlational study used multiple regression to analyze the linear relationship between the need for additional training of classroom teachers in the area of traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on the number of hours of TBI training teachers have received and their years of teaching experience. The sample included 74 elementary, middle, and high school general and special education classroom teachers throughout Texas. In this non-experimental study, participants submitted their …

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Picture Exchange Communication System A Review Of The Literature, Callista Brenda Virgile Jul 2022

Picture Exchange Communication System A Review Of The Literature, Callista Brenda Virgile

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to show that Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an effective communication device through documented research. Since the development of the protocol by Frost and Bondy (2002), there have been numerous research studies conducted (Pyramids Educational Consultants, 2009) supporting the use of PECS as a communication device especially in the area of autism. PECS was developed for children with autism because most children with autism have astonishing visual memory, they are able to learn rote memorization easily, they are visual PECS 4 thinkers, they are able to process a greater amount of material at …

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Assistive Technology: A Tool For Enhancing Classroom Instruction For Students With Learning Disabilities, Callista Brenda Virgile Jul 2022

Assistive Technology: A Tool For Enhancing Classroom Instruction For Students With Learning Disabilities, Callista Brenda Virgile

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to show the uses of Assitive Technology (AT) as an educational tool, and to highlight a few devices that can be used in the areas of Reading, Writing, and Math for students with learning disabilities. Through the use of low-tech and high-tech devices, AT will be able to help students become better readers, writers, and mathematicians. In the area of Reading, the use of AT will help students improve upon and build on their spelling abilities, and also better students’ decoding, listening, and oral skills. In the area of Writing, the use of AT …

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Non-Responders: Current Findings In Reading Instruction As Related To Students Unresponsive To Early Intervention, Susan E. Sperduto Jul 2022

Non-Responders: Current Findings In Reading Instruction As Related To Students Unresponsive To Early Intervention, Susan E. Sperduto

LC Journal of Special Education

Questions still remain about whether or not current research – based reading instruction is effective for all students. There is a population of students that continue to struggle to learn how to read despite the use of research – based instruction. This population of students has been termed “non – responders” or “treatment resisters.” The emphasis on research – based reading instruction has promoted an increase of reading levels among students in the United States; however, the limited amount of research on the needs of students who are non – responder has yielded mixed reviews. The following paper will address …

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Psychological Profiles Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Jessica R. Scott Jul 2022

Psychological Profiles Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Jessica R. Scott

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the psychological characteristics associated with PWS. Because psychological characteristics are by definition less visible than physical characteristics, they may be more easily hidden or misinterpreted. The aim of this paper is to provide a context for the visible behaviors that one might observe in someone who has Prader-Willi syndrome. For discussions of physical and medical considerations including hyperphagia and related behaviors in PWS, the reader is referred to the research and reviews reported by Eiholzer and Lee (2006), Goelz (2006), Scheimann, Lee, and Ellis (2006), and Whitman and Jackson …

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Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders, E. Rene James Jul 2022

Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders, E. Rene James

LC Journal of Special Education

If surveyed across several generations, casual inquirers would not be hard-pressed to discover differing attitudes about current behavior challenges in schools today. While many structures have been established and documents written, one cannot deny the changes in focus that are now required to accommodate new attitudes and behaviors in many children in our public education system. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act maintains a formal definition of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) which led to this disorder being included in the list of IEP-warranted classifications. Children who exhibit symptoms within the listed criteria often are identified as demonstrating predominately externalizing …

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The Implementation And Effective Use Of Graphic Organizers In The Classroom: Graphic Organizers To The Rescue, Fabienne Sara Nicholas Jul 2022

The Implementation And Effective Use Of Graphic Organizers In The Classroom: Graphic Organizers To The Rescue, Fabienne Sara Nicholas

LC Journal of Special Education

Many students are faced with the daily routines and demands of reading complex, ambiguous, de-motivating text book materials which pose no significance to them, and in many situations, they are unable to derive meaning or make sense of what they have read. One of the many unfortunate circumstances that students with learning disabilities have to face daily include challenging tasks, which are comprised of: texts not being reader-friendly, text materials written above their reading and comprehension level, text which focuses on skills instruction in isolation, and, text which requires higher-level thinking and reasoning. This sometimes leads to frustration. Students with …

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Asperger Syndrome: Literature Review, Jeanie Floyd Jul 2022

Asperger Syndrome: Literature Review, Jeanie Floyd

LC Journal of Special Education

This paper provides information centered on the general categories of academic and social functioning of individuals with AS. Prior to this review, a summary of important contributors in this field is deemed appropriate.

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Teaching Children With Epilepsy And Seizures: A Literature Review, Emily Driscoll Jul 2022

Teaching Children With Epilepsy And Seizures: A Literature Review, Emily Driscoll

LC Journal of Special Education

This research paper has been done in order to inform teachers of what they should know about epilepsy. The areas of importance to an educator will follow in this paper. The causes of seizures and the differing types will be discussed. Different methods of treatments and how they affect the individual are covered. Teachers are likely to encounter an individual who has epilepsy during their career and it is important to know what to do in the case of a seizure, which will be covered later. Lastly, the previous points will be put into the educational setting and the importance …

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Facilitating Inclusion: A Team-Approach, Twila P. Burns Jul 2022

Facilitating Inclusion: A Team-Approach, Twila P. Burns

LC Journal of Special Education

Many schools have been faced with the task of including students with disabilities in general education class environments. IDEA 2004 has been at the forefront in making sure that these students are participating in same settings as those without disabilities. Also, IDEA 2004 mandates that students with disabilities be provided with the same educational opportunities as every other student. A significant part of this equality is granting students with disabilities access to the general education curriculum. According to a study by Muscott (1995), educational systems have had to revamp their educational approaches in order to improve education for all students, …

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Rett Syndrome: Characteristics, Causes, And Treatment, April Scruggs Jul 2022

Rett Syndrome: Characteristics, Causes, And Treatment, April Scruggs

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to inform readers of what classic Rett syndrome is and what can be done to improve the lives of the people affected by it. This paper will address several aspects of Rett syndrome including its diagnostic criteria and stages, common characteristics, etiology, as well as possible treatment options.

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Recruitment And Retention Of Rural Special Educators, Gregory C. Zost Jul 2022

Recruitment And Retention Of Rural Special Educators, Gregory C. Zost

LC Journal of Special Education

Attracting and retaining qualified special education teachers is a problem many rural school districts are facing. Districts in rural areas suffer from a lack of qualified special education teacher candidates. Accordingly, the issue of having enough qualified special educators is not easily solved. It is not just a question of turning out enough graduates, but finding candidates that are capable of teaching and being successful in a rural setting. A partnership between school districts, colleges, and communities will provide a framework for future success. This partnership will benefit both future teachers and the rural students they serve.

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Defining Reading Disabilities: Multiple Deficits Behind One Problem, Kelley Jacobs Jul 2022

Defining Reading Disabilities: Multiple Deficits Behind One Problem, Kelley Jacobs

LC Journal of Special Education

The ability and lack of ability to read have been well-researched for over a century. Early research done by the French neurologist Dejerine in 1896, helped pave the way for further research in the area of reading disabilities (Wolf, 1999). Dejerine first spoke of alexia, or the inability to read, which seemingly resulted from brain lesions in the temporal lobe. Since then, psychologists and educational professionals have researched dyslexia as well as the broad category of reading disabilities to find possible causes. Many theories and possible causes have surfaced as a result of this research. Most notably, research has identified …

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Effective Reading Instruction Strategies For Students With Significant Cognitive Disabilities, April Scruggs Jul 2022

Effective Reading Instruction Strategies For Students With Significant Cognitive Disabilities, April Scruggs

LC Journal of Special Education

Recent legislation and focus on research-based instruction has lead to a more unified drive to teaching students with significant cognitive disabilities how to read because we know now that most of these students can learn how to read through intensive instruction using a variety of different strategies to teach the essential components of reading (Browder et al., 2006). As reported by Browder et al. (2006, p. 393), the National Reading Panel (NRP, 2000), “identified five essential components of reading instruction: (a) phonemic awareness, (b) phonics, (c) fluency, (d) vocabulary, and (e) comprehension.” The purpose of this paper is to identify …

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Transitioning Young Children From Early Childhood Special Education Programs To Kindergarten: A Literature Review, Gerin Martin Jul 2022

Transitioning Young Children From Early Childhood Special Education Programs To Kindergarten: A Literature Review, Gerin Martin

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues that surround transitioning young children with special needs from early childhood special education (ECSE) programs to kindergarten classrooms in the public schools. IDEA 2004 mandates that families and service providers transitioning children from Part C to Part B begin individualized transition planning nine months prior to the transition. However, outside of Head Start regulations, there is no legal premise mandating individualized transition plans for children transitioning from ECSE programs to kindergarten (Rosenkoetter, Hains, & Dogaru, 2007). Although young children eligible for special education undergo many transitions prior to kindergarten, this …

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Effective Instructional Practices To Prepare Secondary Students For Transitioning Into A Postsecondary Setting: A Literature Review, Jennifer Bryant Jul 2022

Effective Instructional Practices To Prepare Secondary Students For Transitioning Into A Postsecondary Setting: A Literature Review, Jennifer Bryant

LC Journal of Special Education

The focus of this literature review will be to discuss a sample of effective instructional practices and strategies that special education practitioners can teach while still aligning with state-standards for high school students‟ successful entry and participation in a postsecondary education environment. Specific research-based learning models will be examined to emphasize the importance of these prerequisite skills for postsecondary academic demands. Some well-documented instructional approaches and curricula will be examined such as the self-regulated strategy development, Strategic Instruction Model, and Self-Determination curricula to help practitioners facilitate effective teaching practices for high school students entering the postsecondary environment. A sample of …

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Video Modeling: An Effective, Evidence-Based Practice For Teaching Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Selina Field Jul 2022

Video Modeling: An Effective, Evidence-Based Practice For Teaching Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Selina Field

LC Journal of Special Education

Video modeling is a promising behavioral intervention that has myriad applications for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Video modeling uses visual cues, an effective strategy for instructing students with ASD, who are often visual learners, and modeling, an evidence-based strategy that is effective across ages and populations. Over the past three decades, research has demonstrated that video modeling can be a valuable tool for instructing children with ASD in a variety of skills, and that once a skill is learned through this process, it is maintained over time and generalized across settings. Recent research qualifies video modeling as an …

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Strategies For Helping Struggling Readers Comprehend Expository Text, Julie Beyer Jul 2022

Strategies For Helping Struggling Readers Comprehend Expository Text, Julie Beyer

LC Journal of Special Education

The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, it is to present the challenges that accompany comprehending expository texts for students who have learning disability. Second, it is to discuss the implication of these challenges for special educators. Third, it is to provide descriptions of pre-reading, during reading, and post-reading teaching strategies that educators can employ to develop comprehension strategies for expository texts used among students who are struggling to comprehend.

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