Special Education and Teaching Commons^™

Video Self-Modeling To Improve Reading Fluency, Scotlynd Campbell, Mackenzie Cable, Tyler Debernardi

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

In this poster the following question was explored: “Does video self-modeling (VSM) improve reading fluency?” The authors located sources which demonstrated video self-modeling seemed effective across a variety of academic areas and adaptive behavior skills. When VSM was employed with tutoring, the reading fluency of four, 1^st grade students seemed to increase. The study showed that VSM increases fluency because when the researchers implemented reading tutoring without VSM. Tutoring was not as effective as when implemented along with VSM. In conclusion, this strategy can be implemented in reading classrooms, applied behaviors and academic skills.

Teaching Errorless Learning With Fidelity, Garrett Stone, Kory Ray

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

Scholarly sources were reviewed to determine different strategies to teach students with minimizing negative interactions. Errorless learning is a research-based strategy that minimizes errors with few or no responses to the negative stimulus. Time-Delay and prompting are two types of errorless learning techniques examined in this presentation. Time delay is exhibited during activities where a response is required. The duration between the cue and the response can be constant or progressive. Constant time delay has a constant amount of time between cue and response, where progressive time-delay increases duration of time before scaffolding is provided. If no response or an …

Phonemic Awareness: Do You Hear What I Hear?, Jennifer Timberlake, Brittany Mahler, Alexander Michael Miller

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

This poster, created by undergraduate students, was designed to illustrate the importance of employing research based strategies when providing phonemic awareness instruction. This research explored why phonemic awareness is important for beginning readers or students who are at risk and the resources that support instruction. The authors reviewed research based articles, textbooks, and websites in order to obtain strategies, and activities proven to be beneficial in the classroom. The research suggested that phonemic awareness skills are essential for word decoding, word identification, and reading fluency. Additionally, the research indicates that the use of small groups, technology, and interactive activities enhance …

Vocabulary Strategies And Implementation, Stacie Bratcher, Brandon Croghan, Katelyn Bradshaw

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

Vocabulary is a critical factor in the development of individuals’ ability to convey information. Information on this poster answers the question of ways to effectively implement implicit and explicit research-based teaching strategies. Researchers conducted an online probe consulting several articles discussing explicit strategies: keyword method, word walls, root analysis, and implicit strategies: cloze procedure, context clues and incidental word acquisition. The authors of this poster analyzed the information and divided the larger topic of vocabulary into subtopics. Through the use of these subtopics, teachers in all content and grade levels can implement vocabulary instruction. In conclusion, researchers found that teachers …

How Overcorrection Improves Behavior, Annie Katzman, Susan Carder, Molly Mcnamara

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

This poster introduces the practice of overcorrection. Overcorrection is a discipline strategy that can be used inside and outside of the classroom. It is used to decrease inappropriate behavior (e.g., running down the hallway, hitting another student, or destroying school property). There are different types of overcorrection that appear to be effective, such as positive practice, neutral practice, and restitutional practice. These have been implemented with positive results in the reduction of inappropriate behavior. Overall, overcorrection is a research based strategy, but care must be taken when a student is causing harm to himself or others.

Planned Ignoring, Emily Glass, Cayla Mayes

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

The topic of this poster is planned ignoring. The purpose of this poster was to answer the question of how planned ignoring can be used effectively. Planned ignoring is defined as purposely ignoring an individual who is demonstrating an undesirable behavior. When using planned ignoring, the subject should not be told that planned ignoring is being used. Results of eliminated behavior will not always be revealed immediately. The target behavior may potentially escalate before effective results are demonstrated. It is recommended that planned ignoring not be used with all behaviors such as, if an individual is causing harm to himself …

An Item Analysis Of The Child Behavior Checklist With Preschool Children With Autism, Heather Rhea Orten

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The diagnosis of autism is a comprehensive process that requires trained professionals and is often a time consuming process. Behavior rating scales are common components used by practitioners in evaluations to assess various social, emotional, or behavioral problems. With the rise of awareness, the steady increase of autism diagnoses, and the importance of early identification to increase the effectiveness of intervention, there is a need for screeners to identify the characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there was a group of items on the Child Behavior Checklist/1.5-5 that reliably distinguished between …

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Sensory Needs In The Workplace, Amy Fogle Stiff

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

There is little to no empirical research for sensory sensitivities of individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and coping strategies used in the workplace. Seven students with ASD were interviewed about sensory sensitivities experienced and accommodations used at the workplace. This study found that participants self-regulated sensory sensitivities, and not asking for or using accommodations. Future research is needed to focus on the sensory sensitivities of individuals with ASD who have been in the work force for several years.

Video Self-Modeling And Improving Oral Reading Fluency, Wanda G. Chandler

Special Education Faculty Publications

Self-modeling can take different forms but is described as a process where one observes one’s own successful behavior and learns from it without dependence on any particular medium. In this study, two separate experiments were conducted to evaluate a video self-modeling (VSM) feedforward intervention. VSM feedforward (independent variable, IV), was applied as an intervention to improve oral-reading fluency (dependent variable, DV). An adapted multiple-probe baseline, single-subject research design with a pre-test and post-test standardized reading assessment was employed for both experiments.

Participants included eight students with disabilities and a history of emotional and behavior problems in middle-school, special education, self-contained …

Setting Sail For Early Learning Success: Using A Data-Based Decision Making Process To Measure And Monitor Outcomes In Early Childhood Programs, Howard S. Muscott, Tina M. Pomerleau, Kristy L. Park, Elizabeth A. Steed, Andy J. Frey, Tara L. Korfhage

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

The use of data to inform decision-making and monitor individual student progress is recognized as an important, yet elusive practice in early childhood programs. In this article, Data-based Navigation is presented as a five step data-based decision making process designed to help early childhood professionals measure and monitor desired programmatic outcomes. A case study that focuses on the reduction of challenging behaviors is provided to illustrate the process.

Are Teaching Effectiveness And Retention Influenced By Various Routes To Special Education Certification?, Steven A. Crites Dr., Bianca Prather-Jones, Rachelle M. Bruno, Stephen C. Walker

Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children

This study reviewed and interpreted the results of survey data that compared the self-perceived performance and self-efficacy on several dimensions tied to the CEC standards for teachers of students who access the individualized general education curriculum. Teachers prepared through traditional undergraduate approaches, post-baccalaureate certification options for general education teachers, and an alternative certification program were asked about job satisfaction, success rate on the Praxis II tests, and other factors related to retention. Although all three programs are designed with the same content standards established by the field (Council for Exceptional Children, 2003), there are some significant differences between them, e.g., …

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex, Laura Reynolds

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

The Development Of Curriculum-Based Measurement Local Norms In The Area Of Written Expression, Elizabeth Anne Youngman

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This project used Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) in the area of Written Expression to establish district norms for Bowling Green City Schools. CBM uses brief fluency measures as indicators of students' academic performance. With the use of CBM, it is possible to identify students who are considered to be at-risk for educational performance. AIMSweb probes were used to assess 1,565 first through fifth grade students from five elementary schools within the Bowling Green Independent School District. Performance was scored using the three most common scoring indices: Total Words Written (TWW), Words Spelled Correctly (WSC), and Correct Word Sequence (CWS). Data collected …

Screening Preschoolers For Autism With Behavior Rating Scales, Amber Desiré Gross

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Early identification of autism is important in order to maximize the potential of intervention efforts. However, the identification of autism can require extensive training and experience. Psychologists routinely use behavior rating scales to assess children for various social, emotional, or behavioral problems when completing evaluations in the school or clinical setting. The focus of the current study is to determine whether a behavior rating scale can accurately distinguish between referred preschoolers with autism and referred preschoolers without autism. Parents of 82 preschoolers referred to a nonprofit child development clinic because of behavioral or developmental concerns completed two behavior rating scales …

Examining Teachers' Knowledge And Perceptions Of Response To Intervention, Ashley Elizabeth Moore Swigart

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Response to Intervention (RTI) is a multi-step approach to providing interventions to students within general and special education. This study investigated the relationship between elementary, middle, and high school teachers’ perceptions of RTI and (a) whether they taught general versus special education, (b) grade level taught, (c) knowledge level of RTI, and (d) presence in a school implementing RTI and participation in the process. Understanding teachers’ perceptions is of particular importance to school psychologists and can be used to ensure that teachers participate fully in the RTI process. Participants were given a questionnaire to complete that assessed their perceptions and …

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Using Evidence-Based Guidelines To Evaluate Research Support For The Use Of Social Stories With Children With Autism, Elaine Fister-Hull

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Social Stories have gained wide acceptance and popularity as an intervention for children with autism and autism spectrum disorders, yet it is unclear whether this intervention method meets the standards of an evidence-based intervention. With a push in educational and mental health fields to use only evidence-based interventions, there is a need to determine whether or not this popular method meets this standard. The research literature on Social Stories has been reviewed for this project. An analysis of each article was conducted to evaluate clinical utility and treatment efficacy. Using the clinical utility and treatment efficacy information, as well as …

Authentic Assessments For Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Marty Boman, Sarah Mcmaine, Robyn Fine

Kentucky Teacher Educator

Individual student assessments, formal and informal, provide the essential framework of the exceptional education process. Mandated by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) 2004, these laws determine the needs and programs that will be implemented for every child identified to receive exceptional education services. Collectively, norm-referenced, criterion-referenced, and authentic assessments complete a comprehensive portrayal of the student's academic, behavioral, and functional needs and skills. This paper outlines the various elements of authentic assessment and how they can be implemented with individuals identified with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) as well as other students. The main purpose of including authentic …

Disabilities In The Media-Powerpoint Presentation, Bruce Battles

Kentucky Teacher Educator

No abstract provided.

Skills, Knowledge, And Attitudes Of Culturally Responsive Teachers, Janet L. Applin

Kentucky Teacher Educator

This article presents a summary of skills, knowledge, and attitudes required by teachers and prospective teachers to become considered Culturally Responsive. Best practices from the literature on Culturally Responsive Teaching are summarized in four categories: awareness of self,; acknowledgement of the broader context; necessary attitudes; and required abilities.

Read & Write Gold: Technology Increasing Student Achievement, Nedra Atwell, Marty Boman, Paula Borland, Marisa Duarte, Linda Fishback, Connie Miller, Elizabeth Romero

Kentucky Teacher Educator

No abstract provided.

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Building Quality And Capacity In Rural Areas, Nedra Atwell, Janice Ferguson, Judy Pierce

Kentucky Teacher Educator

This article will provide readers an overview of the program Western Kentucky University is using to promote quality training and promote professionalism in special education teachers. This program incorporates collaboration with local school districts, a cohort approach, field-based practitioners, online delivery of a research-based curriculum and demonstrated pedagogical knowledge with practical skills relevant to the targeted student population. The intent is to meet the demand for highly qualified special education teachers, not merely to decrease the shortage of teachers.

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Connecting Alternate Practicum Experiences In Teacher Education With The ‘Seven Principles For Good Practice In Undergraduate Education', Sylvia Dietrich, Tamar Riley

Kentucky Teacher Educator

University students and professors participated in a shared practicum experience with individuals with moderate to severe disabilities through a weekend long fishing tournament sponsored by an Easter Seal’s Camp. Results from open ended questionnaires were inductively analyzed. Results indicate that students felt the experience was beneficial, provided them with the opportunity to work collaboratively with peers and professors, and impacted their perceptions of their professors. Experience is connected with ‘The Seven Principles For Good Practice in Undergraduate Education’ and discussion for implication for practice in teacher education programs is presented.

Crt Assessment Instrument, Janet L. Applin

Kentucky Teacher Educator

The Culturally Responsive Teaching Assessment Instrument (CRT) is an observation instrument that was developed to assess teachers' use of culturally responsive teaching in applied classroom settings.

The Development Of The Culturally Responsive Teaching Assessment Instrument, Janet L. Applin

Kentucky Teacher Educator

This article is concerned with developing an instrument to assess Culturally Responsive Teaching. A study was conducted to explore the process of developing a valid and reliable CRT Assessment Instrument. Teaching behaviors widely accepted to indicate culturally responsive teaching were operationalized and an observation instrument was developed to assess teachers' use of culturally responsive teaching in applied classroom settings. Teachers were observed using the instrument and it was evaluated for its reliability and validity. Results of the study indicated that the instrument was found to have acceptable inter-rater reliability for approximately half of the indicators. The results supported the content …

Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Federal Definition Of Gifted And Talented, Bruce Battles

Kentucky Teacher Educator

The Tennessee state law as it refers to the gifted and talented is not as specific in the characteristics found in the Federal definition. The purpose of this study was to find if the perceptions of the local teachers agreed with the Federal characteristics. A survey of 80 middle Tennessee teachers was completed. The total number of schools surveyed was 4 public and one private school. The survey was rated using a 5 point Linker scale. The results were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program. A paired samples test was used in the data analysis. It was found that while …