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Articles 61 - 90 of 264

Full-Text Articles in Special Education and Teaching

A Study Of The Perceptions Of Youth Violence In America By America’S Youth, John M. Collins, Dr. Macleans A. Geo-Jaja Oct 2013

A Study Of The Perceptions Of Youth Violence In America By America’S Youth, John M. Collins, Dr. Macleans A. Geo-Jaja

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The 1980s saw an increase in youth violence, teenage alcohol, and drug abuse. The media is continually bombarding homes with news stories on teenage gang wars, drive by shootings, and school violence. The Department of Justice (DOJ) in its 2001 Report stated that there were 2.5 million students between the ages of twelve and eighteen that were victims of a crime committed on school property in 1999. This same year, the DOJ indicated that of these victims about 186,000 were of serious violent crimes, including rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault. In 1999, 2.5 million juveniles were arrested. This …

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The Role Of Inspiration In Scientific Scholarship And Discovery, Kari O’Grady, Dr. P. Scott Richards Oct 2013

The Role Of Inspiration In Scientific Scholarship And Discovery, Kari O’Grady, Dr. P. Scott Richards

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I used my ORCA scholarship to fund a research study investigating the role of inspiration in scientific scholarship and discovery among BYU natural and behavioral science professors. Dr. P. Scott Richards of the Counseling and Special Education Dept. was my faculty sponsor. I conducted all phases of the study and Dr. Richards supervised my work. In order to better understand the role of inspiration in scientific scholarship and discovery, we felt it was essential to more adequately document this phenomenon in the lives of contemporary natural and behavioral scientists. We felt that Brigham Young University provided fertile ground for such …

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Lds Doctrinal Insights Into Contemporary Pedagogical Theories About Effective Praise, Leland M. Anderson, Dr. K. Richard Young Oct 2013

Lds Doctrinal Insights Into Contemporary Pedagogical Theories About Effective Praise, Leland M. Anderson, Dr. K. Richard Young

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Effective praise has many applications as a powerful means for motivating people. This research reviews literature about effective praise and shows how doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) (1) corroborates and (2) enlightens contemporary pedagogical theories about effective praise. The research culminates in an honors thesis available through the University’s Harold B. Lee Library.

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Mukono District, Uganda Secondary Schools: Equity And Importance Of Resources, Allyson Flake, Steven Hite Oct 2013

Mukono District, Uganda Secondary Schools: Equity And Importance Of Resources, Allyson Flake, Steven Hite

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Ugandan government has limited knowledge of the location and situation of many of its secondary schools. This lack of knowledge inhibits proper management of the schools and appropriate distribution of funding. Secondary schools often have disproportionate resource access, which leads to variance in school quality and performance. Physical, financial and human resources are of critical importance to secondary schools yet these resources are scarce for most Ugandan schools. In order to improve school performance and raise national test scores for students, schools must gain access to these resources. The research conducted this summer in Mukono District, Uganda focused on …

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Determinants Of School Success: Performance In Secondary Schools In Mukono, Uganda, Troy Smith, Dr. Julie Hite Oct 2013

Determinants Of School Success: Performance In Secondary Schools In Mukono, Uganda, Troy Smith, Dr. Julie Hite

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In recent years, test scores and school performance have become hot topics in the United States. The US federal government recently set up school standards and established ways for students and parents to leave “failing” schools for better performing ones. While the United States has just begun applying the theories of competitive economics to the education system, several countries throughout the world have been dealing with such a system for some time. Uganda, in particular, has an array of both private and public schools, with success based on standardized test scores. A school’s student test scores influence its continued existence …

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Differential Outcomes At Follow-Up For Psychotherapy Clients Whose Therapists Received Feedback And Clinical Support Tools, Mark D. Oshida, John Okiishi Oct 2013

Differential Outcomes At Follow-Up For Psychotherapy Clients Whose Therapists Received Feedback And Clinical Support Tools, Mark D. Oshida, John Okiishi

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Based on intake and follow-up scores on patients’ perceptions of their well-being, approximately 10% of patients who see trained psychotherapists have a negative treatment outcome. Additionally, 30%-40% see no positive differential change at all. Because of these negative statistics, researchers have studied various methods that might improve therapy outcome. A team of BYU researchers has identified that providing feedback and Clinical Support Tools (CSTs) to therapists about patient progress has been effective in promoting patient progress as well as efficient service delivery. This feedback is given in the form of graphs that chart the rate of client change based on …

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Pressing Issues In College Counseling Centers: A National Survey, Breanda Dean, Jared A. Durtshi Oct 2013

Pressing Issues In College Counseling Centers: A National Survey, Breanda Dean, Jared A. Durtshi

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Traditionally, university counseling centers provide academic and psychological services to students in need of assistance. However, professionals in counseling centers have become increasingly aware of changes in higher education in general and in students’ presenting problems in particular, with a notable trend toward increasing severity and chronicity of mental health concerns. These trends, together with diminishing university fiscal support for student services, have created significant challenges for college counseling centers (American College Personnel Association, 1990; Bishop, 1990; Dworkin & Lyddon, 1991). These national trends were emphasized fifteen years ago (Stone & Archer, 1990), but the field could now benefit from …

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Racial Biases In Psychotherapy Treatments: An Ongoing Meta-Analysis, Denise Spät Albino, Dr. Timothy Byron Smith Sep 2013

Racial Biases In Psychotherapy Treatments: An Ongoing Meta-Analysis, Denise Spät Albino, Dr. Timothy Byron Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

For the past several years, the psychology literature has investigated the possibility that mental health services are racially biased. Studies assessing treatment outcomes in multicultural settings have increased over the past few years, with now hundreds of articles comparing treatment outcomes of people of color and whites. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to conduct a meta-analytic examination of recent studies to inform the field of the results accumulating on ethnically sensitive interventions. The first step of this project consisted of locating data to be examined. Thus, in order to identify published and unpublished articles investigating outcomes of multicultural …

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Proposal For Recruiting Candidates To Join The Special Education And English As Second Language (Esl) Combined Program, Sungti Hsu, Dr. Lynn K. Wilder Sep 2013

Proposal For Recruiting Candidates To Join The Special Education And English As Second Language (Esl) Combined Program, Sungti Hsu, Dr. Lynn K. Wilder

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The key to a successful recruitment for this project is to identify individuals who are qualified, and the best way of distributing information about the Culturally Responsive Special Education and ESL Combined Program. According to the personnel preparation grant written by Drs. Prater, Marchant, and Wilder in the department of Counseling Psychology and Special Education, qualifying individuals must be U.S. citizens or permanent residents and be either ethnically diverse, bilingual (Spanish preferred), or have a disability. The grant was awarded by the U. S. Department of Education Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services in 2004 for the length of …

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Improving Conditions For Families With Children With Disabilities, Mallory Grover, Dr. Lynn K. Wilder Sep 2013

Improving Conditions For Families With Children With Disabilities, Mallory Grover, Dr. Lynn K. Wilder

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Many families with a child with disabilities undergo much stress. Lack of communication and delayed development, along with other factors are causes of problem behavior among children with a disability. In order to prevent problem behaviors from elevating, support service intervention is key.

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Spirituality And Eating Disorders, Bridger Jensen, Dr. Scott Richards Sep 2013

Spirituality And Eating Disorders, Bridger Jensen, Dr. Scott Richards

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Eating disorders are approaching epidemic proportions, being purported in more than 5% of adolescent girls and young women, and up to 20% of college women (Lelwica, 1999, p. 3-4). These numbers are shocking and demonstrate the prevalence of eating disorders. In many cases, eating disorders result in death. One of the most severe and life-threatening eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, is “an eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a minimally accepted body weight, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image” (Dubé, 2004).

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Instructional Effectiveness Of An Integrated Theater Arts Program For Children With Disabilities, Rachel Reynolds, Heidi Abraham Aug 2013

Instructional Effectiveness Of An Integrated Theater Arts Program For Children With Disabilities, Rachel Reynolds, Heidi Abraham

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My project was to see if students with or without disabilities could improve in their memorization skills and other skills needed for the learning process through practicing and performing a theatrical play. The purpose for this study is to see if theatre could be used like occupational therapy to help stimulate the students in many areas. I tested their improvements by doing some memorization exercises with the children at a daycare before working on a play with them to see where they stood as well as after to check their improvements.

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Orca Final Report, Kimberly Peet Aug 2013

Orca Final Report, Kimberly Peet

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The final report of my ORCA project is one of success! I was able to complete a thorough meta-analysis of 39 previous studies on the effectiveness of multicultural training on a therapist’s competence in dealing with ethnically diverse cliental.

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Schooltipline: Online Incident Reporting, Maren Dennis, Dr. Betty Ashbaker Aug 2013

Schooltipline: Online Incident Reporting, Maren Dennis, Dr. Betty Ashbaker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

SchoolTipline.com is a website where students can report issues of school violence, drugs, or other problems to administrators. This service provides students, parents, and administrators with a two-way communication system that aids in reporting and dealing with school safety issues. Students can access School Tipline 24/7 and anonymously report any problems they see or experience at school directly to school administrators. After receiving the report, administrators can respond to student reports and take preventative action to effectively help students and create a safe school environment.

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Meta-Analysis Of Client-Therapist Ethnic Matching: Client Outcomes, Serena Bohn, Dr. Timothy B. Smith Aug 2013

Meta-Analysis Of Client-Therapist Ethnic Matching: Client Outcomes, Serena Bohn, Dr. Timothy B. Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this research was to conduct a meta-analysis of past and current psychological studies in order to assess what trends have occurred within the field of multi-cultural psychology in regards to the effect on client outcomes through matching clients and therapists based on race or ethnicity. A meta-analysis is the study of the results of other studies. Articles and manuscripts are collected and the data from within is analyzed and converted to a standard statistic, allowing for an overall look at what the collection of data implies. Positive client outcomes were defined in this study as a decrease …

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Multicultural Counseling Issues: Ethnic Groups’ Attitudes Towards Mental Illness, Rose Hirt, Dr. Timothy B. Smith Aug 2013

Multicultural Counseling Issues: Ethnic Groups’ Attitudes Towards Mental Illness, Rose Hirt, Dr. Timothy B. Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the world of counseling, there are many issues that arise due to differences between cultures. These differences are particularly apparent in how different cultural groups view mental illness. There have been studies done on this topic, but the literature must be compiled and compared in order for any overall effect to be measured. My research set out to begin compiling this literature.

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Limited Interest In The Orca Grant And Their Causes, Jordan Dille, Dr. Betty Ashbaker Aug 2013

Limited Interest In The Orca Grant And Their Causes, Jordan Dille, Dr. Betty Ashbaker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The BYU Office of Research and Creative Activities (ORCA) provides BYU undergraduates with the unique opportunity to plan and conduct funded research in an area of interest or field of study. No other University provides this type of experience to its students; yet each year only a low percentage of students apply for an ORCA research grant. The aim of my research was to discern the reason for this. My goal was to discover how many students are aware of the ORCA opportunity, and then discern why they either did or did not apply. Through this research I hoped to …

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Book In A Bag: An Integrated Approach To Social Skills Instruction, Jennae Thomas, Dr. Michelle Marchant Aug 2013

Book In A Bag: An Integrated Approach To Social Skills Instruction, Jennae Thomas, Dr. Michelle Marchant

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There is a much needed improvement in American school children’s behavior skills. Evidence of this concern comes from the increase in disciplinary referrals, suspensions, and expulsions (Sugai, G., Horner, R., Dunlap, G., Hieneman, M., Lewis, T., Nelson, C., et al 2000). With more effort and time directed at implementing these disciplinary actions, teachers are required to spend less time fulfilling their lesson plans. However, by including social skills in the normal curriculum, teachers would be able to use a universal preventive measure of educating, thus lowering the need for disciplinary intervention later. The research supports this offensive measure or “front-loaded” …

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Developing Their Refuge: A Study Of The Infrastructures Behind Programs For Children With Disabilities In Developing Nations, Ashley Dean, Barbara Smith Aug 2013

Developing Their Refuge: A Study Of The Infrastructures Behind Programs For Children With Disabilities In Developing Nations, Ashley Dean, Barbara Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Penilla can be found along a back road, half way up a steep hill on the outskirts the urban city Iași, Romania. From the outside, the building’s yellow panels look much newer than the blanket of cement that seems to cover every other structure within a 20-mile radius, which is intriguing itself; yet the building’s novelty goes far deeper.

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Graduation Rates Of Latino Students: Contributing And Deterring Factors, Rebecca Richards, Dr. Betty Ashbaker Aug 2013

Graduation Rates Of Latino Students: Contributing And Deterring Factors, Rebecca Richards, Dr. Betty Ashbaker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A major concern among educators is the consistently high number of dropouts among Latino students. While the graduation rate has improved over the last decade, this improvement has been marginal. According to a study done in 2001, 43.4% of Hispanic students ages 16-24, born out of the country, were high school dropouts. Equally disturbing, a study performed by the Na-tional Center for Education Statistics confirmed that among Hispanic students, by their sopho-more year, 11.2% had already dropped out.

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Characterization Of Autism Spectrum Disorders In Adolescent Novels, Katherine Way, Tina Dyches Aug 2013

Characterization Of Autism Spectrum Disorders In Adolescent Novels, Katherine Way, Tina Dyches

Journal of Undergraduate Research

We examined ten juvenile books using a qualitative, descriptive design, to evaluate the characterization of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in adolescent novels (Dyches & Prater, 2005; Dyches et al., 2001). To be included in the study, the books were required to meet four criteria. They must have (a) included a main or supporting human character with an ASD; (b) been recognized as a novel written for teenagers or young adults, in story format, including biographies written in story format; (c) been published initially in English between 2007 and 2009; and (d) been published by a commercial publisher rather than through …

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Book In A Bag: An Integrated Approach To Social Skills Instruction, Katrina Anderson, Michelle Marchant Aug 2013

Book In A Bag: An Integrated Approach To Social Skills Instruction, Katrina Anderson, Michelle Marchant

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There is a much needed improvement in American school childrens’ behavior skills. Evidence of this concern comes from the increase in disciplinary referrals, suspensions, and expulsions (Sugai, G., Horner, R., Dunlap, G., Hieneman, M., Lewis, T., Nelson, C., et al 2000). With more effort and time directed at implementing these disciplinary actions, teachers are required to spend less time fulfilling their lesson plans. However, by including social skills in the normal curriculum, teachers would be able to use a universal preventive measure of educating, thus lowering the need for disciplinary intervention later. The research supports this offensive measure or “front-loaded” …

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Acceptance Of Disability In College Students, Brian Charles Carl Jul 2013

Acceptance Of Disability In College Students, Brian Charles Carl

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents the findings of a study examining the following questions: How do students in a particular disability group differ from students in other disability groups in the degree to which they accept their disability? How are level of functional impairment and acceptance related? How are an individual's view of disability as a defining characteristic and acceptance related? How are functional impairment and the degree to which disability is seen as a defining characteristic related? Analysis using ANOVA indicated that there was not a significant difference in the level of acceptance between disability groups. Three Pearson's r correlation analyses …

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Dose-Effect Vs. Good Enough Level: A Comparison Of Treatment Length And Maintenance Of Treatment Gains At Follow-Up Using The Outcome Questionnaire-45, John M. Suyama Jul 2013

Dose-Effect Vs. Good Enough Level: A Comparison Of Treatment Length And Maintenance Of Treatment Gains At Follow-Up Using The Outcome Questionnaire-45, John M. Suyama

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines psychotherapy response in connection to treatment duration and maintenance of treatment gains. The dose-effect perspective (Howard et al. 1986) first proposed applying medical terminology to investigate a level of exposure to a dose of psychotherapy (in number of sessions) where individuals can expect to receive sufficient benefit (i.e., 48 -- 58% of clients can be expected to sufficiently benefit from therapy by 8 sessions). The proponents of the Good Enough Level (Barkham et at. 2006) argued that mere exposure to therapy is not an effective measure for client benefit, but rather that client responses to therapy vary. …

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Training Pre-Service Teachers In Response To Intervention: A Survey Of Teacher Candidates, Ann-Michelle Neal Jul 2013

Training Pre-Service Teachers In Response To Intervention: A Survey Of Teacher Candidates, Ann-Michelle Neal

Theses and Dissertations

Addressing training in Response to Intervention at the pre-service level has potential to reach educators during their formative years; preparing them to implement research-based practices upon entering the field and building the capacity to do so with more fidelity and less support. While the knowledge levels and perceptions of pre-service teachers are critical to the future success of RTI implementation, the level of training among pre-service educators is less understood relative to their colleagues in the field. This exploratory study was designed to examine pre-service general and special education teachers' perceptions of RTI, and self-efficacy in implementation. A survey, created …

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Screening For Emotional And Behavioral Problems In High Schools, Nichole Marie Soelberg Jul 2013

Screening For Emotional And Behavioral Problems In High Schools, Nichole Marie Soelberg

Theses and Dissertations

Screening for emotional and behavioral problems in youth is a well-validated process for elementary-aged children as notable and respected research has provided evidence that children at risk for behavioral and emotional problems can be identified and provided with targeted interventions, which prevent additional problems (Lane, Wehby, & Barton-Arwood, 2005). However, there is a lack of research offering evidence for a behavioral and emotional screening process for high school students. Identifying at-risk youth is a vital component in providing early-intervention services that can remediate problems before they become severe and require resource intensive interventions. This research contributes to the development of …

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Bibliotherapy And Bullying: Teaching Young Childrento Utilize Peer Group Power To Combat Bullying, Rebecca Lyn Spencer Jul 2013

Bibliotherapy And Bullying: Teaching Young Childrento Utilize Peer Group Power To Combat Bullying, Rebecca Lyn Spencer

Theses and Dissertations

Bullying is a major concern for school-age children. This study compares the use of bibliotherapy and didactic instruction techniques for teaching anti-bullying strategies to young children. The study explores 36 first graders' perceptions of bullying and their perceptions of their roles and responsibilities in bullying situations. In comparison to the control group, students who were taught specific bully intervention skills, both through didactic instruction and bibliotherapy, reflected an increased understanding of bullying, used a larger bully vocabulary, and demonstrated more specific and varied actions in response to bullying from pre-test to post-test conditions. Participants in the group who received didactic …

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Effectively Educating Elementary Education Teachers In Dealing With Special Education Students In The Regular Education Classroom, Rebecca Blair, Dr. Betty Ashbaker Jun 2013

Effectively Educating Elementary Education Teachers In Dealing With Special Education Students In The Regular Education Classroom, Rebecca Blair, Dr. Betty Ashbaker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I conducted a survey of 3 BYU elementary education students who completed the CPSE 400 (accommodations for students with disabilities class and are now in the field. Participants were asked to rate how well prepared they felt for various aspects working with students with disabilities in the regular education classroom. Ratings were taken on a scale of 1-4, 1 being unprepared, 2 somewhat unprepared, 3 somewhat prepared, and 4 well prepared. Participants were surveyed on their preparation for the following categories: Pre-referral strategies (strategies used to collect data and aid students before they are referred to special education); Response to …

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Effects Of The Integrated Symple Readers Curriculum On Expressive Vocabulary Acquisition In Elementary Students With Developmental Disabilities, Loralene Edvalson Jun 2013

Effects Of The Integrated Symple Readers Curriculum On Expressive Vocabulary Acquisition In Elementary Students With Developmental Disabilities, Loralene Edvalson

Theses and Dissertations

Despite the emphasis society places on literacy, most students with developmental disabilities remain illiterate. One cause for this illiteracy may be that these students lack foundational language skills that contribute to being able to read. Research has shown that, among other contributions, multiple exposures across time increase students' abilities to acquire knowledge. The Symple Readers integrated curriculum plans for multiple exposures to novel picture vocabulary words by building them into all activities across the students' day and week. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the Symple Readers integrated curriculum on expressive vocabulary development. During the …

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Evaluating A Social And Emotional Learning Curriculum, Strong Kids, Implemented School-Wide, Thomas Jonathan Kramer Jun 2013

Evaluating A Social And Emotional Learning Curriculum, Strong Kids, Implemented School-Wide, Thomas Jonathan Kramer

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this study was to explore whether Strong Kids could result in improved social and emotional competence when implemented as a school-wide universal intervention. No prior studies have examined this question. This study also evaluated whether teachers could implement Strong Kids as it was designed and whether they viewed it as socially valid. It used a non-equivalent control group design. The treatment school in the study involved 348 students and 17 teachers from a Title I school. School demographics indicated that 61% of students were Hispanic, 37% White, and 2% of other ethnicities. Approximately 82% of the students …

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