Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Utah State University (168)
- Rochester Institute of Technology (96)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (55)
- Central Washington University (29)
- Liberty University (26)
-
- University of South Alabama (20)
- Pace University (14)
- Walden University (14)
- Bryn Mawr College (11)
- Johnson County Community College (11)
- Old Dominion University (11)
- Sacred Heart University (11)
- Nova Southeastern University (10)
- Boise State University (9)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (7)
- Purdue University (7)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (6)
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (5)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (5)
- Western Michigan University (5)
- Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) (4)
- Columbus State University (4)
- SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad (4)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (4)
- Association of American Law Schools (3)
- Bank Street College of Education (3)
- Chapman University (3)
- Claremont Colleges (3)
- Cleveland State University (3)
- Franklin University (3)
- Keyword
-
- Education (38)
- Technology (20)
- Educational technology (17)
- Higher education (15)
- Instructional design (14)
-
- Education, General (12)
- STEM (12)
- Collaboration (11)
- Education, Technology (11)
- Evaluation (9)
- Online learning (9)
- Technology integration (9)
- Learning (8)
- Online (8)
- Professional development (8)
- Blended learning (7)
- Education, Teacher Training (7)
- Instruction (7)
- Science (7)
- Assessment (6)
- Audio-visual education (6)
- Design (6)
- Equity (6)
- Game design (6)
- Motivation (6)
- Pedagogy (6)
- Teachers (6)
- Teaching (6)
- Blind (5)
- E-learning (5)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications (158)
- Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities (87)
- Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE) (51)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (26)
- All Master's Theses (21)
-
- ECTESOL Review (20)
- Dissertations (13)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (13)
- Cornerstone 1 Reports : Expansion and Enhancements of the Thinkfinity Platform (12)
- Blended Learning in the Liberal Arts Conference (10)
- Education Faculty Publications (10)
- SIDLIT Conference Proceedings (10)
- Theses and Dissertations (10)
- Articles (6)
- STEMPS Faculty Publications (6)
- Educational Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations (5)
- 2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences (4)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (4)
- CCAC Theses and Dissertations (4)
- Graduate Student Research Papers (4)
- Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Research (4)
- Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning (4)
- MA TESOL Collection (4)
- Publications (4)
- STEMPS Theses & Dissertations (4)
- UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones (4)
- All Graduate Projects (3)
- Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Theses and Other Student Research (3)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (3)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (3)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 151 - 180 of 632
Full-Text Articles in Instructional Media Design
Remote Learning - The Future Of Education: Effective Instructional Strategies Used By Parent Educators And Recommendations For Building Capacity, Raelene Ferguson Haugen
Remote Learning - The Future Of Education: Effective Instructional Strategies Used By Parent Educators And Recommendations For Building Capacity, Raelene Ferguson Haugen
Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this mixed methods Delphi study was to identify the remote learning instructional strategies used by expert Southern California parent educators for implementing the anticipatory set, modeling, checking for understanding, and guided practice elements of Madeline Cheek Hunter’s Instructional Theory Into Practice (ITIP) framework. The study sought to identify how expert Southern California parent educators rated the effectiveness of the remote learning instructional strategies in the aforementioned elements of Hunter’s ITIP framework. Additionally, the purpose was to generate recommendations from expert Southern California parent educators to build capacity in the identified effective instructional strategies.
Methodology: The classical …
From The Editors..., Todd Pagano
From The Editors..., Todd Pagano
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Using The Gamification Strategy On Academic Achievement And Motivation Towards Learning Problem-Solving Skills In Computer And Information Technology Course Among Tenth Grade Female Students, Mazyunah Almutairi, Prof. Ahmad Almassaad
The Effect Of Using The Gamification Strategy On Academic Achievement And Motivation Towards Learning Problem-Solving Skills In Computer And Information Technology Course Among Tenth Grade Female Students, Mazyunah Almutairi, Prof. Ahmad Almassaad
International Journal for Research in Education
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the effect of using the gamification strategy on academic achievement and motivation towards learning problem-solving skills in computer and information technology course. A quasi-experimental method was adopted. The study population included tenth-grade female students in Al-Badi’ah schools in Riyadh. The sample consisted of 54 students divided into two equal groups: control group and experimental group. The study tools comprised an achievement test and the motivation scale. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the academic achievement test in favor of the experimental group, with a large effect …
Three Paper Dissertation: Mooc Participation And Experiences Of Women Learners, Kinta Montilus
Three Paper Dissertation: Mooc Participation And Experiences Of Women Learners, Kinta Montilus
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Through three distinct investigations, this dissertation provides a unique approach to investigating the engagement of women in MOOCs. According to previous MOOC research, not only 10% of learners who enroll in the course complete it, but the majority of these students appear to be men (Christensen et al., 2013). Women's participation in MOOCs is generally low, but it varies greatly depending on whether the course is STEM or non-STEM (i.e., Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics courses—STEM). The first study examines gender participation patterns in STEM and non-STEM MOOCs using data from existing MOOC platforms. The second research study looked at …
An Exploration Of Factors Influencing Faculty Engagement With Open Practices At The School Of Education: A Pilot Study, Preeti Kamat, Jessica Kirschner, Hillary Miller, Sergio Chaparro, Jose Alcaine, Nina Exner
An Exploration Of Factors Influencing Faculty Engagement With Open Practices At The School Of Education: A Pilot Study, Preeti Kamat, Jessica Kirschner, Hillary Miller, Sergio Chaparro, Jose Alcaine, Nina Exner
Graduate Research Posters
Background: Open practices in academia are emerging as affordable tools in widening research access by removing many barriers in the scholarly research and learning process. While faculty engagement with open practices is increasing, there remain some barriers to widespread participation. Though research to date suggests faculty perceptions about promotion and tenure (P&T) policies influence faculty engagement with open practices, many studies limit their focus on a few influencing factors. Answering calls for more research, this pilot study aims to explore the influence of various factors on faculty engagement with open practices, with a focus on promotion and tenure (P&T) …
Exploring The Level Of Engagement Of Capstone Students In An Active Learning Center, Carol Ann Sharicz
Exploring The Level Of Engagement Of Capstone Students In An Active Learning Center, Carol Ann Sharicz
Instructional Design Faculty Publications
This study provides a qualitative exploration of the level of engagement of Capstone students attending course meetings in an Active Learning Center (ALC) during their own respective semester at a public research university in the Boston area. A design-based research methodology was employed to study innovative learning environments encompassing learning in context. Study results uncovered three themes regarding the impact of the learning space on students’ perceptions of learning and levels of engagement; revealed that one particular tool, the use of small white boards, encouraged deep thinking and reflection; and indicated that the ALC provided a highly collaborative experience.
Fully Automated Life Support Training Effects On Inpatient, Cardiac Arrest Survival Rates, Adessa D. Goss
Fully Automated Life Support Training Effects On Inpatient, Cardiac Arrest Survival Rates, Adessa D. Goss
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, more than 200,000 adult patients die annually from inpatient cardiac arrest with survival rates stagnated at 22%–25% nationally. Recently, the adoption of fully automated life support training modalities by health care organizations has become widespread with limited literature available showing the effects on inpatient, cardiac arrest survival. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the effects of fully automated life support training on inpatient, cardiac arrest survival. Applying Bloom’s mastery learning theory, the impact of the Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) quarterly training and hospital unit compliance on inpatient cardiac arrest return of spontaneous circulation …
The Writing’S On The Wall: Using Multimedia Presentation Principles From The Museum World To Improve Law School Pedagogy, Cecilia A. Silver
The Writing’S On The Wall: Using Multimedia Presentation Principles From The Museum World To Improve Law School Pedagogy, Cecilia A. Silver
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
Law school pedagogy is a relic. Nearly 150 years after Christopher Langdell pioneered the case method, the typical doctrinal course remains predominantly a verbal domain, featuring lectures, Socratic dialogue, and final exams. But the visual disconnect between legal education and legal practice does students a disservice. Under the proliferating influence of laptops, iPads, smartphones, and Zoom, students now read, work, and study electronically more than they ever have before. So instead of business as usual, it’s time to embrace “visualization”—using multimedia to enhance, or even supplant, the near-exclusive reliance on language—to build a more vibrant and inclusive learning environment.
Law …
Recommendations On Using Artificial Intelligence In Archival Appraisal And Selection, Rebecca Y. Bayeck, Giovanni Colavizza, Jenny Bunn, Mark Bell, Souvick Ghosh
Recommendations On Using Artificial Intelligence In Archival Appraisal And Selection, Rebecca Y. Bayeck, Giovanni Colavizza, Jenny Bunn, Mark Bell, Souvick Ghosh
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
This article reports on discussions from a three-day webinar about artificial intelligence (AI) in archival appraisal and selection. Increasingly, workshops and research are conducted to discuss AI and archives. This article is an example of this growing interest in the potential of AI for the field of archives. Yet, within the field, discussions about how AI can be applied in archival appraisal and selection is still limited. To advance a conversation on the issue, and particularly on ways to use AI in archival appraisal and selection, we organized a three-day webinar in 2022 with a diverse group of researchers and …
Medium Altitude Long Endurance Rpa Training: Evaluating Blended Learning, Zachary Waller, Robert Stupnisky
Medium Altitude Long Endurance Rpa Training: Evaluating Blended Learning, Zachary Waller, Robert Stupnisky
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
The Heads Down Display (HDD) Menu Trainer – a stand-alone software trainer – was developed to familiarize students in Remotely Piloted Aircraft training with the layout and manipulation of the HDD menus for either the MQ-1 or MQ-9. Preliminary work by Waller et al. (2016) established the efficacy of the HDD Menu Trainer in improving student performance from pretest to posttest scores across several modalities (i.e. traditional, blended, and distance). Recognizing that students holding pilot certification scored higher in some aspects of the HDD Menu Trainer, this study sampled students across a curriculum to assess whether performance with the HDD …
Engaged Social Media In Higher Education While Avoiding The Label Of "Striving", Jessica Nerren
Engaged Social Media In Higher Education While Avoiding The Label Of "Striving", Jessica Nerren
Journal of Critical Issues in Educational Practice
Striving has become a word laden with problematic meanings in the world of higher education. For instance, if a university is too aligned with business, or becomes overly selective, or deviates from original purpose or mission, then, at times, those actions are seen as striving (O’Meara, 2007). O’Meara (2007) defines striving as participation in efforts to improve status and prestige in line with the hierarchy. Allen (2021) echoes the problematic nature of this practice witnessed abroad, equating striving educational practices with neoliberalism, potentially overshadowing primary purposes of the institution, such as learning and teaching, or drowning out important parts of …
Supporting Students With An Autism Spectrum Disorder In Engineering: K-12 And Beyond, Jennifer L. Kouo, Alexis Hahn, Sarah Morton, Jay Gregorio
Supporting Students With An Autism Spectrum Disorder In Engineering: K-12 And Beyond, Jennifer L. Kouo, Alexis Hahn, Sarah Morton, Jay Gregorio
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
Individuals with disabilities, including individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. With the importance of STEM skills in future employment and other disciplines, effective instructional strategies must be identified to enhance early and sustained access to STEM for students with ASD. However, the literature identifying effective STEM-specific supports and practices for this population of students is sparse and regarding engineering, there are no empirical studies that focus on teaching engineering skills to students with ASD. Therefore, the article aims to provide an overview of the available literature on the perspectives …
An Artificial Intelligence Tool For Accessible Science Education, Jacob D. Watters, April Hill Dr., Melissa Weinrich Dr., Cary Supalo, Feng Jiang Dr.
An Artificial Intelligence Tool For Accessible Science Education, Jacob D. Watters, April Hill Dr., Melissa Weinrich Dr., Cary Supalo, Feng Jiang Dr.
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
One of the most important issues in accessible science education is creating a laboratory workspace accessible to blind students or students with visual impairments (VI). Although these students are often provided access to the science lectures, they are usually denied full participation in hands-on laboratory work. Current solutions to this problem focus on providing special accommodations such as asking sighted lab partners to complete the hands-on work. Although the accessibility of laboratory devices in modern science education has been improved in recent years, students with VI often remain passive learners. In this work, we developed a new artificial intelligence tool, …
Making Scientific And Technical Materials Pervasively Accessible, Jason J.G. White
Making Scientific And Technical Materials Pervasively Accessible, Jason J.G. White
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
In this paper, the question is explored of what policies, standards and practices are desirable to ensure that hardware, software and publications in the sciences and associated disciplines are created from the outset to be accessible to people with disabilities. Insight into this question can be obtained by considering the unique accessibility challenges that these materials pose, including complexities of notation, language, and graphical representation.
Having analyzed what sets this problem apart from broader issues of accessibility, the advantages and limitations of current international standards are reviewed, and contemporary developments in standards and policies are considered from a strategic perspective. …
The Perceptions Of Teachers Of Students With Visual Impairments On Students With Visual Impairments And Graphing: How To Teach, Ashley N. Nashleanas Ph.D.
The Perceptions Of Teachers Of Students With Visual Impairments On Students With Visual Impairments And Graphing: How To Teach, Ashley N. Nashleanas Ph.D.
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
Many gaps exist in what is known around teaching students with visual impairments (SVI) about how to use graphs (Rosenblum et al., 2018; Rosenblum & Herzberg, 2015; Zebehazy & Wilton, 2014a;2014b;2014c). When teachers first experience a student with a visual impairment, some of the questions that come to mind are: How can I be sure this student understands what I am saying about these graphs I show on the board? Will this student be able to keep up? The study herein, based on findings from Author (2018), serves as a guide for teachers to consider in the case that SVI …
The Intersection Of Cultural Context And Research Encounter: Focus On Interviewing In Qualitative Research, Rebecca Yvonne Bayeck
The Intersection Of Cultural Context And Research Encounter: Focus On Interviewing In Qualitative Research, Rebecca Yvonne Bayeck
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
This article discusses the influence of the cultural context on the interview process. With literature demonstrating the role of spatial context on interviews, the article contends that similar consideration should be given to cultural contexts of research studies. Focusing on the cultural context where the interview takes place and the interactions during the interview can help researchers understand and analyze interview material. Interview forms such as conversation/interview bombing emerged from the interaction of cultural context with the interview process. This points to the need for qualitative researchers to explore how the cultural context shapes their research encounter. Such focus will …
Proceedings Of The Global Conference On Education And Research: Volume 4, Waynne B. James, Cihan Cobanoglu, Muhittin Cavusoglu
Proceedings Of The Global Conference On Education And Research: Volume 4, Waynne B. James, Cihan Cobanoglu, Muhittin Cavusoglu
University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing
This is the fourth volume of the Global Conference on Education and Research Proceedings Series.
ISSN: 2572-6374
DOI
10.5038/2572-6374-v4
Analysis Of Students’ Multi-Representation Ability In Augmented Reality-Assisted Learning, Sri Jumini, Edy Cahyono, Muhamad Miftakhul Falah
Analysis Of Students’ Multi-Representation Ability In Augmented Reality-Assisted Learning, Sri Jumini, Edy Cahyono, Muhamad Miftakhul Falah
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
Not all learning sources can directly and cheaply be presented, so augmented reality media is needed to be applied to students with various talents and intelligence. This study aims to analyze students’ multi-representation ability through the use of augmented reality media. The research method was carried out through pre-experiment with one group posttest only design. Test question items were given to see the students’ multi-representation ability. Data analysis was carried out through the percentage of the number of students achieving test scores of more than or equal to 80 on a scale of 100. The results showed that 88% (28 …
Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2020 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2020 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Elevating The Voices For All Learners Through Shared Stories Of Science Learning, Lauren Madden, Stuart Z. Carroll, Amy K. Schuler
Elevating The Voices For All Learners Through Shared Stories Of Science Learning, Lauren Madden, Stuart Z. Carroll, Amy K. Schuler
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
This study examines the science learning experiences across the lifespan of two groups of college students: adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities in a post-secondary inclusive program, and adults in a preservice secondary education teacher candidate program. Data, in the form of personal narrative science stories were collected using a paired-interview approach in which students from each group interviewed one another about their science learning across their lifespans, and recorded responses using an online form. Across the stories, several clear themes emerged. Similarities and differences were found across and within the groups and are shared in a narrative format. Trends …
Letter From The Co-Editors, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Letter From The Co-Editors, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Understanding The Transient Nature Of Stem Doctoral Students’ Research Self-Efficacy Across Time: Considering The Role Of Gender, Race, And First-Generation College Status, Kaylee Litson, Jennifer M. Blaney, David F. Feldon
Understanding The Transient Nature Of Stem Doctoral Students’ Research Self-Efficacy Across Time: Considering The Role Of Gender, Race, And First-Generation College Status, Kaylee Litson, Jennifer M. Blaney, David F. Feldon
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
Developing research self-efficacy is an important part of doctoral student preparation. Despite the documented importance of research self-efficacy, little is known about the progression of doctoral students’ research self-efficacy over time in general and for students from minoritized groups. This study examined both within- and between-person stability of research self-efficacy from semester to semester over 4 years, focusing on doctoral students in biological sciences (N = 336). Using random intercept autoregressive analyses, we evaluated differences in stability across gender, racially minoritized student status, and first-generation student status. Results showed similar mean levels of self-efficacy across demographic groups and across …
Communicating About Computational Thinking: Understanding Affordances Of Portfolios For Assessing High School Students’ Computational Thinking And Participation Practices, Deborah A. Fields, Debora Lui, Yasmin Kafai, Gayithri Jayathirtha, Justice Walker, Mia Shaw
Communicating About Computational Thinking: Understanding Affordances Of Portfolios For Assessing High School Students’ Computational Thinking And Participation Practices, Deborah A. Fields, Debora Lui, Yasmin Kafai, Gayithri Jayathirtha, Justice Walker, Mia Shaw
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
Background and Context: While assessment of computational thinking concepts, practices, and perspectives is at the forefront of K-12 CS education, supporting student communication about computation has received relatively little attention.
Objective: To examine the usability of process-based portfolios for capturing students’ communication about their computational practices regarding the process of making electronic textile projects.
Method: We examined the portfolios of 248 high school students in 15 introductory CS classrooms from largely underserved communities, using a formal rubric (top-down) to code computational communication and an open-coding scheme (bottom-up) to identify computational practices described.
Findings: Students demonstrated stronger …
Continuous Improvement Of Instructional Materials, David Wiley, Ross Strader, Robert Bodily
Continuous Improvement Of Instructional Materials, David Wiley, Ross Strader, Robert Bodily
Entrepreneurship Faculty Research
From time-to-time new technologies provide us with a qualitatively different ability to engage in previously possible activities. For example, 20 years ago it was already possible to publish an essay online. You simply used the command line program Telnet to login to a remote server, navigated into the directory from which your webserver made html files available to the public, launched the pico editor from the command line, wrote your essay, and manually added all the necessary html tags. Today, open-source blogging software like WordPress makes publishing an essay online as easy as using a word processor. Yes, it was …
Debugging By Design: A Constructionist Approach To High School Students’ Crafting And Coding Of Electronic Textiles As Failure Artifacts, Deborah A. Fields, Yasmin B. Kafai, Luis Morales-Navarro, Justice T. Walker
Debugging By Design: A Constructionist Approach To High School Students’ Crafting And Coding Of Electronic Textiles As Failure Artifacts, Deborah A. Fields, Yasmin B. Kafai, Luis Morales-Navarro, Justice T. Walker
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
Much attention in constructionism has focused on designing tools and activities that support learners in designing fully finished and functional applications and artifacts to be shared with others. But helping students learn to debug their applications often takes on a surprisingly more instructionist stance by giving them checklists, teaching them strategies or providing them with test programs. The idea of designing bugs for learning—or debugging by design—makes learners agents of their own learning and, more importantly, of making and solving mistakes. In this paper, we report on our implementation of “Debugging by Design” activities in a high school classroom over …
When Knowing Is Not Enough: A Narrative Exploration Of How K-12 Teachers Make Decisions About The Transfer Of Critical Competencies From Professional Learning To Daily Practice, Nell E. Ballard-Jones
When Knowing Is Not Enough: A Narrative Exploration Of How K-12 Teachers Make Decisions About The Transfer Of Critical Competencies From Professional Learning To Daily Practice, Nell E. Ballard-Jones
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
School districts spend millions of dollars each year to provide training and learning to staff working in direct and indirect service to students (National Council on Teacher Quality, 2021). This financial commitment says nothing about what is even more important: the need for school employees and the systems in which we work to serve students more effectively. Despite vast allocations of time and money and presumably best intentions for better social and academic outcomes for students, very little data exist that reflect regular transfer and application of training/learning into professional practice (Nittler et al., 2015). By and large, schools and …
Rapid Shifts In Educators’ Perceptions Of Data Literacy Priorities, Kristin Fontichiaro, Melissa P. Johnston
Rapid Shifts In Educators’ Perceptions Of Data Literacy Priorities, Kristin Fontichiaro, Melissa P. Johnston
Journal of Media Literacy Education
To meet the challenges of a data-driven society, high school students need new arrays of literacy skills. In the United States, school librarians, who work across disciplines, are well-positioned to help students improve their data practice, but they first need new domain knowledge. This article presents findings from an evaluating survey and session evaluation data from a virtual data literacy conference, which were part of a federally-funded project to develop data literacy skills among high school librarians and educators. Findings indicated a noticeable shift in participant perceptions of the need and urgency for data literacy instruction across content areas and …
Copyright Information, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Copyright Information, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Call For Manuscript, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Call For Manuscript, Todd Pagano, Sami Kahn
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Career And Technical Education Teachers’ Attitudes Toward And Their Participation In Technology-Based Professional Development Training In Mississippi’S High School Districts, Natalie N. Hill
Dissertations
The use of technology has become an essential part of daily interaction in Career and Technical education learning environments. There is very little research regarding career and technical teachers’ attitudes and participation in professional development, although previous studies have been conducted referencing K-12 teachers’ attitudes. A qualitative research methodology was employed to investigated the insight of CTE teachers’ attitudes toward the professional developments that they had attended. This study also investigated whether training was appropriate to teachers’ learning needs in high school districts in MS. The population for this study included seven high school career and technical teachers in five …