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Full-Text Articles in Indigenous Education

Cultivating Perspective: A Qualitative Inquiry Examining School History Textbooks For Microaggressions Against Native Americans, Olivia G. Holter Jan 2018

Cultivating Perspective: A Qualitative Inquiry Examining School History Textbooks For Microaggressions Against Native Americans, Olivia G. Holter

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Native American youth face a number of challenges that affect their academic success and mental health (Center for Native American Youth, 2016). One way in which Native American youth currently face prejudice within the school system is through curriculum (Yosso, 2002). More specifically, Native American youth are often presented with textbooks that include stereotyped and distorted information about their peoples’ history (Loewen, 1995; Sanchez, 2007). However, there is currently a gap in the literature showing whether or not these textbooks also contain microaggressive statements towards Native Americans. The current study looked at 5 Eighth Grade level Montana history texts from …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Missions Schools, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Missions Schools, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier And St. Charles Schools, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier And St. Charles Schools, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …