Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Nebline, November/December 2017

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: 4-H’ers Grow Into True Leaders through Service

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

Comparing Preceptor And Student Perceptions On Mentoring Characteristics: An Exploratory Study, Stephanie M. Mazerolle, Jessica L. Barrett, Christianne M. Eason, Sara Nottingham

Athletic Training Faculty Articles and Research

Key Points:

• No significant differences exist in students and preceptors perceptions of mentoring.
• Preceptors and students value professional and interpersonal attributes of mentorship.
• Gender and ethnicity were not highly rated aspects of mentorship.

The Relationship Between Aerobic Fitness And Depression Level Determined With Hamilton Scale In Older Adults, Ermilo Canton-Martínez, Patricia C. García-Suárez|, Gabriela Valles-Verdugo, Iván Rentería, Alberto Jiménez-Maldonado

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Depression is a major public health problem associated with both morbidity and mortality throughout the world, in Mexico epidemiological reports show a prevalence of depression in older adults of 9.5% in women and 5% in men; it is widely held that regular exercise and physical activity in older subjects have a significant impact on psychological health and well-being. PURPOSE: To determine whether if higher aerobic fitness is associated with decreased symptoms of clinical depression in older adults. METHODS: Participants (n=21) included individuals raging ages from 61 to 72 years old and were not regular exercisers. The 6 minute walking …

Temporal Trends In The Cardiorespiratory Fitness Of Children And Adolescents Representing 19 High-Income And Upper Middle-Income Countries Between 1981 And 2014, Grant Tomkinson, Justin J. Lang, Mark S. Tremblay

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Objective To estimate international and national temporal trends in the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents and to examine relationships between temporal trends in CRF and temporal trends in broad socioeconomic and health-related indicators across countries.

Methods Data were obtained from a systematic search of studies that explicitly reported 20 m shuttle run test (a validated measure of CRF) descriptive data on apparently healthy individuals aged 9–17 years. Following the estimation of relative peak oxygen uptake (mL/kg/min) as a measure of CRF, sample-weighted temporal trends were estimated at the country–sex–age level using best-fitting linear or polynomial regression models relating …

“First, Do No Harm”: Old And New Paradigms In Prehospital Resuscitation In The Aquatic Domain, John H. Pearn, Richard Charles Franklin

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The balance between benefit and risk is central to the work of all those involved in aquatic services. The Hippocratic exhortation of Primum non nocere, “First, do no harm,” has a history of over 2000 years. Superficially, all would support this dictum, but harm can result from inaction. The balance between no or little intervention on the one hand and proactive intervention with iatrogenic risk on the other is complex and enduring. Risk implies that one does not have all the information available to know the exact likelihood of an outcome, a common situation involving rescue, first aid, and …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviours Of New Zealand Youth In Surf Beach Environments, Stacey M. Willcox-Pidgeon, Bridget Kool, Kevin Moran Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

New Zealand youth are over-represented in drowning statistics yet little is known about their understanding of water safety, especially in surf beach context. This study aimed to ascertain current youth surf safety knowledge, specifically rip current awareness, explore self-reported competencies and confidence when surf swimming, and examine youth behaviour when at the beach. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among senior high school students (n = 599) in Auckland, New Zealand. Over half (58%) reported they were unable to swim > 100 m in a pool. Males and students of European-New Zealand and Maori (New Zealand’s indigenous population) heritage were most …

Measuring Australian Children’S Water Safety Knowledge: The National Water Safety Quiz, Amy E. Peden, Richard Charles Franklin, Justin Scarr

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Water safety knowledge levels of Australian children are poorly understood. Royal Life Saving developed an online National Water Safety Quiz (NWSQ) as an interactive means of determining water safety knowledge amongst Australian primary school children (ages 5 to 12 years). Over a period of 8 months, a total of 4,215 children participated in the NWSQ. The NWSQ identified areas of water safety where knowledge was poor including the topics of CPR, swimming, and river safety. Children achieved a better result as they aged. Females out-performed males overall and specifically from ages 10-12 years. Children from independent schools performed better. This …

Healthy Families: A Family-Based Community Intervention To Address Childhood Obesity, Danae Dinkel, Melissa Tibbits, Emily Hanigan, Kelly Nielsen, Leah Jorgensen, Kay Grant

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Healthy Families, a family-based community intervention, in improving the knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors of overweight/obese children and their families as well as to explore the lessons learned. Results showed families who completed the program had significant improvements for children and parents in areas such as nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy in making healthy eating choices as well as participating in physical activity. Additionally, families reported decreasing their intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. Participating families and community partners provided valuable lessons for other communities seeking to implement a similar program.

From Swimming Skill To Water Competence: Towards A More Inclusive Drowning Prevention Future, Robert Keig Stallman, Kevin Moran Dr, Linda Quan, Stephen Langendorfer

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Brenner, Moran, Stallman, Gilchrist and McVan, (2006) recommended that “swimming ability be promoted as a necessary component of water competence, but with the understanding that swimming ability alone is [often] not sufficient to prevent drowning” (p. 116). Tradition and expert opinion are no longer enough. Science can now help us select essential competencies. What does research evidence show us about the protective value of specific individual personal competencies? Since the term “water competence’’ was coined by Langendorfer and Bruya (1995) and adapted for drowning prevention by Moran (2013), it has gained in use and acceptance. As a construct, it is …

From Swimming Skill To Water Competence: A Paradigm Shift, Robert Keig Stallman

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This guest editorial leads off and introduces the subsequent scientific review.

The Family Living Including Sex Education Curriculum, Robert F. Wagner, Jr.

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Sex Education Of Our Children, William J. Bennett

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Somatic Movement On Academic And Behavioral Performance In The Fourth-Grade Classroom, Sara Collson

Education Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact that somatic movement had on the academic and behavioral performance of elementary students. 21 participants were chosen, with permission, from a designated fourth-grade classroom to participate in the applied treatment—somatic movement. This included stretching, balancing, and low intensity movements. The method of this study was to incorporate somatic movement exercises for approximately five minutes prior to language arts class. The results collected from the study showed that applying the somatic movement exercises in the classroom improved students’ engagement, focus, and productivity for an immediate and short amount of time.

A Lens With Multiple Perspectives: The Transformative Power Of Higher Education In Health Promotion, Alicia C. Stapp, Melinda W. Valliant, M. Allison Ford, Kristen A. Swain

Journal of Contemporary Research in Education

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, chronic conditions represent the largest risk to America’s health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). Approximately 50% of adults are affected by at least one chronic disease and 25% of adults are affected by more than two (CDC, 2013). As this health crisis expands, those who have the power to create change must utilize it to their highest capacity. While the complexities of the current state of health are challenging, higher education provides a powerful platform wherein those intricacies can be fully examined and resolutions sought through multiple lenses. …

Pololeo Y Protección: Las Barreras De Acceso A Métodos Anticonceptivos Para Adolescentes Vulnerables En La Comuna De Macul, Santiago De Chile / Pololeo Y Protección: Barriers To Access Contraceptive Methods For Vulnerable Adolescents In The District Of Macul, Santiago De Chile, Louisa Boswell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

El embarazo adolescente sigue siendo un problema de salud pública al nivel nacional en Chile. Aunque por ley, todos tienen el derecho a una educación sexual y a elegir un método de control de fecundidad, todavía existen casos de embarazos no planificados, particularmente entre adolescentes. Este estudio investigó las barreras que limitan el acceso a métodos anticonceptivos para adolescentes, enfocando primariamente en el sistema público en la Región Metropolitana. Específicamente, la investigación consideró las adolescentes de la comuna de Macul, utilizando muestras de un colegio local y dos centros de salud familiar para hacer conclusiones. La investigadora entrevistó a matronas …

Nebline, October 2017

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Floodwater and Stormwater Can Contaminate Water Wells

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

The Latex Journey: A Narrative Approach To Exploring Condom Use, Stigma, And Education From The Perspective Of Women In Masxha, Kylie Yocum

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Although the South African National Department of Health (NDOH) is spending increasing amounts of money on improving their HIV programs (including the rollout of new, scented condoms for their condom distribution program), the rates of condom use at last sexual encounter are declining. This inquiry focused on young women in the neighborhood of Masxha, Cato Manor, and their opinions surrounding how condoms are being used or misused, as well as the gender norms that perpetrate this (mis)use. This inquiry demonstrated the narratives of these young women on factors such as condom acquisition, gendered stigma, and condom education, including the Life …

Effects Of A Unilateral Strength And Plyometric Training Program For Division I Soccer Players, Eric Potter

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The current thesis examined the effects of a unilateral strength and plyometric program on power (bilateral and unilateral vertical jumps), speed (20 meter sprint), and agility (Agility T- Test) in collegiate soccer players compared to a traditional bilateral-based training program. Due to the fact that a majority of the research on performance variables in athletes is done using bilateral lifting and plyometric programs, yet most movements in field sports such as sprinting and changing direction are unilateral-based, this specific topic could have value for enhanced performance for athletic populations. The participants included 34 male and female Division-I soccer players who …

Total Student Workload: Implications Of The European Credit Transfer And Accumulation System For An Integrated, Problem-Based Medical Curriculum, Emad Nosair, Hossam Hamdy

Health Professions Education

Purpose: How much time students spent on unstructured self-study activities in problem-based learning is not clear. The study addressed this issue by (1) identifying the nature of students’ unstructured learning activities in a problem-based medical curriculum, (2) measuring the unstructured student workload per week and per semester, and (3) assigning European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System units to the medical problem-based modules based on calculating the total student workload. Method: Nineteen undergraduate medical students in the pre-clerkship phase were enrolled in the study. Data about the nature of unstructured learning activities and the amount of time spent on them were …

The Limited Use Of Self-Reports In Educational Research, Henk G. Schmidt

Health Professions Education

As an editor, I receive many papers for this journal in which the research is based on self-report. Often these studies are purely descriptive. Authors have measured one characteristic of a group of students– e.g., these students’ self-efficacy, or anxiety–and report on the results. Such one-shot studies are largely unpublishable because they lack context. Is the selfefficacy of the studied group to be considered high, medium, or low? And why? What causes the anxiety among the students? Answers on these questions are mostly missing and leave the reader dissatisfied.

A Systematic Review Of Reciprocal Peer Tutoring Within Tertiary Health Profession Educational Programs, Swapnali Gazula, Lisa Mckenna, Simon Cooper, Penny Paliadelis

Health Professions Education

Introduction: Reciprocal Peer Tutoring (RPT) is a form of collaborative learning that involves students of similar academic backgrounds experiencing interchanging roles of tutor and learner. Purpose: Use of RPT has not been explored to the same degree as other forms of peer-assisted learning which may involve learners of different levels. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the role of RPT in health professions education in order to identify the benefits and challenges, as well as the best approach for its successful execution. Method: A search of the literature between January 2005 and February 2016 was conducted using …

Using Change Management To Redesign Oman's Health Professions Education Sector, Nada Hussain Al-Moosa, Nancy Sharts-Hopko

Health Professions Education

Objectives: this study aimed to examine the systems and process needed to enhance the quality of the Ministry of Health educational programs during a period of transition. A reformation is currently taking place to transform all the Ministry of Health educational Institutes to Oman College of Health Sciences. Method: a descriptive qualitative study took place between December 2012 and November 2013 at the Ministry of Health Educational Institutes, Muscat, Oman. A purposeful sample of 20 participants made up four focus groups, and three semistructured interviews. A sample of deans, quality assurance focal points who are also teaching faculty at their …

Health Practitioners And The Directive Towards Compassionate Healthcare In The Uk: Exploring The Need To Educate Health Practitioners On How To Be Self-Compassionate And Mindful Alongside Mandating Compassion Towards Patients, Helen Egan, Michail Mantzios, Craig Jackson

Health Professions Education

Concerns have been periodically raised about care that lacks compassion in health care settings. The resulting demands for an increase in consistent compassionate care for patients have frequently failed to acknowledge the potentially detrimental implications for health care professionals including compassion fatigue and a failure to care for oneself. This communication suggests how mindfulness and self-compassion may advance means of supporting those who care for a living and extends the call for greater compassion to include people working within a contemporary health care setting in the United Kingdom. The potential benefits for both health professionals and patients is implied, and …

Validating Osce Performance: The Impact Of General Intelligence, Paul F. Wimmers, Guido F. Schauer

Health Professions Education

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between medical students’ eductive ability as measured by the advanced version of the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test, reproductive ability as measured by performance on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step I, and Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) performance. Method: Thirty-two third-year medical students took the Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) online, which consists of two parts: (1) a practice set of 12 items, and (2) 36 items which become progressively more difficult as the test proceeds. Several models representing different causal structures are tested and compared. Results: Comparison of the different structural models …

Cognitive And Social Factors Influencing Students' Response And Utilization Of Facilitator Feedback In A Problem Based Learning Context, Aloysius Gonzaga Mubuuke, Alwyn J.N. Louw, Susan Van Schalkwyk

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Feedback within a problem-based learning tutorial can only influence learning if it is efficiently utilized. The purpose of this study was to explore perceived factors that influence student utilization of facilitator feedback within a problem-based learning tutorial. Methods: It was an exploratory qualitative study that was conducted at an African Health Sciences University that has been using problem based learning for over a decade. The study involved third year students from across five health sciences disciplines that included: medicine, radiography, dentistry, nursing and pharmacy. Purposive sampling was the technique used to select the participants. These students had been previously …

Developing An Introductory Radiology Clerkship At Perdana University Graduate School Of Medicine In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Sarah Wallace Cater, Lakshmi Krishnan, Lars Grimm, Brian Garibaldi, Isabel Green

Health Professions Education

Purpose: In recent years, several well-known medical schools in the United States have partnered with foreign institutions to promote the post-graduate model of medical education and the concept of the academic medical center. One such example is Perdana University Graduate School of Medicine (PUGSOM) in Malaysia, founded in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 2010 with the hope of setting a new standard for biomedical research and patient-centered care in Southeast Asia. One issue for educators at PUGSOM was how best to integrate radiology into the clinical curriculum. Given radiology's global importance, a core clerkship was …

Assessing How Students Learn In Team-Based Learning: Validation Of The Knowledge Re-Consolidation Inventory, Hyun Seon Ahn, Jerome I. Rotgans, Preman Rajalingam, Jian Jia Rebekah Lee, Ying Yun Juliana Koh, Naomi Low-Beer

Health Professions Education

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to establish the construct validity of a new instrument to measure psychological learning processes associated with Team-based learning (TBL), the Knowledge Re-Consolidation Inventory (KRCI). The instrument was designed to measure six factors: (1) self-guided preparation, (2) knowledge consolidation, (3) retrieval practice, (4) peer elaboration, (5) feedback, and (6) transfer of knowledge. Method: Two samples were taken, consisting in total of 197 first- and second-year medical students from Singapore. To establish the construct validity of the KRCI, two confirmatory factor analyses were conducted (CFA). First, an exploration sample (N¼90) was taken from the …

Assessment Of Human Adipose Tissue Microvascular Function Using Videomicroscopy, Melissa G. Farb, Song-Young Park, Shakun Karki, Noyan Gokce

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

While obesity is closely linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, little is known about mechanisms that govern these processes. It is hypothesized that pro-atherogenic mediators released from fat tissues particularly in association with central/visceral adiposity may promote pathogenic vascular changes locally and systemically, and the notion that cardiovascular disease may be the consequence of adipose tissue dysfunction continues to evolve. Here, we describe a unique method of videomicroscopy that involves analysis of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses of intact small human arterioles removed from the adipose depot of living human subjects. Videomicroscopy is used to examine functional properties …

An Overview Of Assessment Methodology For Obesity-Related Variables In Infants At Risk, Danae Dinkel, Corrine Hanson, Karsten Koehler, Ann Anderson Berry, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Matthew Bice, Jill Wallen, Danstan Bagenda, Laura Jana, Jana Pressler

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: The first 2 years of a child’s life are a particularly critical time period for obesity prevention.

Aim: An increasing amount of research across the world is aimed at understanding factors that impact early childhood obesity and developing interventions that target these factors effectively. With this growing interest, new and interdisciplinary research teams are developing to meet this research need. Due to rapid growth velocity during this phase of the lifespan, typical assessments used in older populations may not be valid or applicable in infants, and investigators need to be aware of the pros and cons of …

Relationship Between Health Risk And School Attendance Among Adolescents, Erin E. Centeio, Jessica Duncan Cance, Jeanne M. Barcelon, Darla M. Castelli

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Background/Purpose: The prevalence of childhood obesity and school truancy are contemporary health issues, as millions of children do not attend school, when required. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between intent to be physically active, aerobic fitness, and school absences. Methods: Data from 1907 adolescents from the United States were collected during physical education. Participants completed a valid Theory of Planned Behavior survey and the FitnessGram, with the demographic data obtained from school records. Linear regressions controlling for gender, grade, free/reduced lunch, body mass index, and intent to be physically active were calculated. Results …