Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Technical, Clinical And Functional Considerations For The Development Of 3d Printed Upper-Limb Prostheses, Keaton Young

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Oral presentation of over the topic of Technical, Clinical and Functional Considerations for the Development of 3D Printed Upper-Limb Prostheses.

The Relationship Between Linear And Nonlinear Analysis On Activity Data, Katlyn J. Nimtz

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Activity monitoring in older adults is a great way to predict disability without interfering in their daily life. We can analyze that data using linear and nonlinear analysis. While linear analysis measures the variation of activity during a specific period of time (i.e., mean, standard deviation), nonlinear analysis focuses on the evolution of activity over a period of time. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe the relationship between linear and nonlinear analysis of activity data obtained by activity monitoring in older adults. Eight participants wore an activity monitor around their waist for seven days. Linear analysis was …

The Astro Xo Exoskeleton Alters Ankle Kinetics In Healthy Individuals, Blake Beier, Angel E. Gonzalez, Erica Hedrick, Jeffrey M. Patterson, Corbin Rasmussen

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

The ankle joint is one of the most important for walking, producing 35-45% of the summed ankle, knee, and hip positive mechanical work for each stride. Ankle weakness results in reduced torque and power production, leading to slower self-selected speed. Slower preferred walking speed correlates with poorer physical function, health status, more disabilities, and increased medical-surgical visits. Many orthotic and exoskeletal devices have been created to restore proper ankle function by promoting ankle plantar flexion. This study assessed the effects of the Astro XO Exoskeleton (AXO) on ankle kinetics and kinematics for healthy, young individuals. The study demonstrated that wearing …

Overall Wellness Of First Generation College Student-Athletes, Shane Warehime

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

The present study examined the overall wellness of first-generation student-athletes (FGSA) in comparison to non-first generation student-athletes (non-FGSA),first-generation college students (FGCS), and non-first generation college students (non-FGCS). Overall wellness was assessed using the Five-Factor WellnessInventory. Non-FGSA scored significantly higher than non-FGCS in overall wellness and life satisfaction. Non-FGSA and FGSA scored significantly higher than non-FGCS and FGCS in the physical self subscale (i.e., diet, exercise). In sum, athletics may play an important role in the wellness of student-athletes, which could be enough to mitigate any challenges that first-generation college students face.

A Wellness Approach To Investigating Student Veterans’ Career Goals, Thomas C. Seguin, Abby L. Bjornsen-Ramig, Ashley J. Blount, Danae M. Dinkel

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

A qualitative methodology was utilized to assess the wellness factors student Veterans (N = 10) perceived as influential to their decision to separate from the military and choice of intended career path. Participants included prior enlisted student Veterans pursuing undergraduate degrees at a mid-sized Midwestern university. Interview transcripts were coded according to the Indivisible Self Model of Wellness (IS-Wel; Myers & Sweeney, 2004) and analyzed phenomenologically. Participants referenced Control and Self-Worth as motivators for separation from military service; Work and Thinking were the main themes regarding choice of future profession. Additional themes emerged in reference to how Veterans’ priorities changed …

Improving The Physical Activity And Outdoor Play Environment Of Family Child Care Homes In Nebraska Through Go Nutrition And Physical Activity Self-Assessment For Child Care, Danae Dinkel, Dipti Dev, Yage Guo, Emily Hulse, Zainab Rida, Ami Sedani, Brian Coyle

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine if the Go Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment in Child Care (Go NAP SACC) intervention was effective in improving best practices in the areas of infant and child physical activity and outdoor play and learning in family child care homes (FCCHs) in Nebraska. Methods: FCCHs (n = 201) participated in a pre–post evaluation using the Infant and Child Physical Activity and Outdoor Play and Learning assessments from the Go NAP SACC validated measure to assess compliance with best practices. Results: At post, FCCHs demonstrated significant differences in 85% …

Effectiveness Of Tai Chi On Cardiac Autonomic Function And Symptomatology In Women With Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Alexei Wong, Arturo Figueroa, Marcos A. Sanchez-Gonzalez, Won-Mok Son, Oksana P. Chernykh, Song-Young Park

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The present study examined the effects of a 12-week Tai Chi (TC) training regimen on heart rate variability (HRV), symptomatology, muscle fitness and body composition in women with fibromyalgia. Participants were randomly assigned to either a TC training group (n = 18) or a control group (n = 19). HRV, symptomatology, muscle fitness and body composition were measured before and after 12 weeks. There were significant decreases (p < 0.05) in sympathovagal balance (LnLF/LnHF), sympathetic tone (LnLF, nLF), pain, and fatigue, and significant increases (p < 0.05) in parasympathetic tone (LnHF, nHF), strength and flexibility following TC compared with no changes after control. The changes in LnLF and LnLF/LnHF were correlated with changes in pain. There were no significant changes in HR, sleep quality and body composition after TC or control. TC may be an effective therapeutic intervention for improving sympathovagal balance, pain, fatigue, strength and flexibility in women with fibromyalgia.

Ability Of Functional Performance Tests To Identify Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis, Adam B. Rosen, Alan R. Needle, Jupil Ko

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Objective:

The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of functional performance tests (FPTs) in differentiating between individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy controls.

Data Sources:

The National Library of Medicine Catalog (PubMed), the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the SPORTDiscus, from inception to June 2017 were searched. Search terms consisted of: “Functional Performance Test*” OR “Dynamic Balance Test*” OR “Postural Stability Test*” OR “Star Excursion Balance Test*” OR “Hop Test*” AND “Ankle Instability” OR “Ankle Sprain.” Included articles assessed differences in FPTs in patients with CAI compared …

Healthy Families: A Family-Based Community Intervention To Address Childhood Obesity, Danae Dinkel, Melissa Tibbits, Emily Hanigan, Kelly Nielsen, Leah Jorgensen, Kay Grant

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Healthy Families, a family-based community intervention, in improving the knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors of overweight/obese children and their families as well as to explore the lessons learned. Results showed families who completed the program had significant improvements for children and parents in areas such as nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy in making healthy eating choices as well as participating in physical activity. Additionally, families reported decreasing their intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. Participating families and community partners provided valuable lessons for other communities seeking to implement a similar program.

Assessment Of Human Adipose Tissue Microvascular Function Using Videomicroscopy, Melissa G. Farb, Song-Young Park, Shakun Karki, Noyan Gokce

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

While obesity is closely linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease, little is known about mechanisms that govern these processes. It is hypothesized that pro-atherogenic mediators released from fat tissues particularly in association with central/visceral adiposity may promote pathogenic vascular changes locally and systemically, and the notion that cardiovascular disease may be the consequence of adipose tissue dysfunction continues to evolve. Here, we describe a unique method of videomicroscopy that involves analysis of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses of intact small human arterioles removed from the adipose depot of living human subjects. Videomicroscopy is used to examine functional properties …

An Overview Of Assessment Methodology For Obesity-Related Variables In Infants At Risk, Danae Dinkel, Corrine Hanson, Karsten Koehler, Ann Anderson Berry, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Matthew Bice, Jill Wallen, Danstan Bagenda, Laura Jana, Jana Pressler

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: The first 2 years of a child’s life are a particularly critical time period for obesity prevention.

Aim: An increasing amount of research across the world is aimed at understanding factors that impact early childhood obesity and developing interventions that target these factors effectively. With this growing interest, new and interdisciplinary research teams are developing to meet this research need. Due to rapid growth velocity during this phase of the lifespan, typical assessments used in older populations may not be valid or applicable in infants, and investigators need to be aware of the pros and cons of …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, And Validation Of The Korean Version Of The Identification Functional Ankle Instability (Idfai), Jupil Ko, Adam B. Rosen, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Purpose: To cross-culturally adapt the Identification Functional Ankle Instability for use with Korean-speaking participants.

Methods: The English version of the IdFAI was cross-culturally adapted into Korean based on the guidelines. The psychometric properties in the Korean version of the IdFAI were measured for test-retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion-related validity, discriminative validity, and measurement error 181 native Korean-speakers.

Results: Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC2,1) between the English and Korean versions of the IdFAI for test–retest reliability was 0.98 (standard error of measurement = 1.41). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.89 for the Korean versions of IdFAI. The Korean versions of the IdFAI …

Diagnosis Of A Chiari Malformation After A Concussion In A Junior College Football Player With A History Of Chronic Headaches: A Case Report, Takeaki Ando, Shannon Gehr, Melanie L. Mcgrath, Adam B. Rosen

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The purpose of this report is to present the case of a National Junior Collegiate Athletic Association football player diagnosed with Chiari malformation postconcussion. A Chiari malformation is characterized by the cerebellum presenting below the level of the foramen. The uniqueness of this case stems from the patient’s health history, length of symptoms, and diagnosis. The effectiveness of treatment options, and the primary means to reduce the risk of catastrophic head injury in those with Chiari malformations are debatable. Clinicians should be familiar with the potential for the presence of a Chiari malformation with persistent symptoms postconcussion.

Single-Limb Landing Biomechanics Are Altered And Patellar Tendinopathy Related Pain Is Reduced With Acute Infrapatellar Strap Application, Adam B. Rosen, Jupil Ko, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background

Patellar tendinopathy, a common condition of the knee, is often treated with patellar tendon straps to control pain during dynamic activity. Little is known regarding their effect on pain, landing kinematics and kinetics with their application. The purpose of this study was to determine if patellar tendon straps influenced pain, kinematics at landing and ground reaction forces in individuals with patellar tendinopathy versus healthy controls.

Methods

Thirty participants with patellar tendinopathy and 30 controls participated. They completed single-limb landings with and without patellar tendon straps while pain, three-dimensional kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces were measured. A multivariate …

Trpv1 Channels In Human Skeletal Muscle Feed Arteries: Implications For Vascular Function, Stephen J. Ives, Song-Young Park, Oh-Sung Kwon, Jayson R. Gifford, Robert H. I. Andtbacka, John R. Hyngstrom, Russell S. Richardson

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

New Findings

• What is the central question of this study?

  We sought to determine whether human skeletal muscle feed arteries (SFMAs) express TRPV1 channels and what role they play in modulating vascular function.

• What is the main finding and its importance?

  Human SMFAs do express functional TRPV1 channels that modulate vascular function, specifically opposing α-adrenergic receptor-mediated vasocontraction and potentiating vasorelaxation, in an endothelium-dependent manner, as evidenced by the α1-receptor-mediated responses. Thus, the vasodilatory role of TRPV1 channels, and their ligand capsaicin, could be a potential therapeutic target for improving vascular function. Additionally, given the ‘sympatholytic’ effect of TRPV1 activation and …

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Wnt5a Regulates Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis Via Antiangiogenic Vegf-A165b In Obese Humans, Melissa G. Farb, Doan T.M. Ngo, Song-Young Park, Samantha M. Saggese, Naomi M. Hamburg, Brian Carmine, Donald T. Hess, Kenneth Walsh, Noyan Gokce

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Experimental studies have suggested that Wingless-related integration site 5A (WNT5A) is a proinflammatory secreted protein that is associated with metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Impaired angiogenesis in fat depots has been implicated in the development of adipose tissue capillary rarefaction, hypoxia, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. We have recently demonstrated that impaired adipose tissue angiogenesis is associated with overexpression of antiangiogenic factor VEGF-A165b in human fat and the systemic circulation. In the present study, we postulated that upregulation of WNT5A is associated with angiogenic dysfunction and examined its role in regulating VEGF-A165b expression in human obesity. We biopsied subcutaneous and visceral adipose …

Comparison Between Single And Combined Clinical Postural Stability Tests In Individuals With And Without Chronic Ankle Instability, Jupil Ko, Adam B. Rosen, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine if a single or/and combined clinical tests match group membership based on self-reported ankle function.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Biomechanics Laboratory.

Participants: From participants, 58 meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria were divided into a chronic ankle instability (CAI) group (n = 25) who reported ≤25 on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) and a history of moderate–severe ankle sprain(s) and a control group (n = 33) who reported ≥29 on the CAIT and no history of ankle sprain(s).

Interventions: Participants completed the following clinical tests: Foot Lift Test (FLT), the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), the Single-Leg Hop Test (SLHT), …

Patellar Tendon Straps Decrease Pain And May Alter Lower Extremity Kinetics In Those With Patellar Tendinopathy During Jump Landing, Adam B. Rosen, Jupil Ko, Kathy J. Simpson, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Patellar tendinopathy is often managed with a patellar tendon strap, however, their effectiveness is unsubstantiated. The purpose of this study was to determine if straps altered pain or lower extremity kinetics of individuals with patellar tendinopathy during landing. Thirty participants with patellar tendinopathy and 30 controls completed drop jumps with and without patellar tendon straps. Wearing the strap, tendinopathy participants demonstrated significantly decreased pain and reduced knee adductor moment; all participants displayed significantly decreased anterior ground reaction force while wearing a strap. Patellar tendon strapping may reduce pain due to alterations in direction and magnitude of loading.

Affordances In The Home Environment For Motor Development-Infant Scale, Spanish Translation, Danae Dinkel, Kailey Snyder, Priscila Cacola

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The home environment has a critical influence on an infant’s development and well-being. The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) is an instrument that has been developed to assess the home environment. This article illustrates the translation, validation, and cultural adaptation process of the AHEMD-IS from English to Spanish. The AHEMD-IS underwent a comprehensive process involving a four-phase translation process: (1) Forward translation, (2) Semantic equivalence, (3) Content equivalence testing, and (4) Final version development. Steps 1 and 2 resulted in linguistic alterations from the initial translation to enhance clarity for general public understanding. In step …

He’S Just Content To Sit: A Qualitative Study Of Mothers’ Perceptions Of Infant Obesity And Physical Activity, Danae Dinkel, Kailey Snyder, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Victoria Molfese

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: Rates of obesity among children ages zero to five are rapidly increasing. Greater efforts are needed to promote healthy behaviors of young children. Mothers are especially important targets for promoting health as mothers’ views play a vital role in helping their children foster healthy habits from an early age. Research has found parents’ views of infants’ weight may influence their feeding practices; however, limited research has explored mothers’ view of infants’ weight in relation to the promotion of physical activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of mothers of normal weight infants and overweight …

Combined Exercise Training Reduces Blood Pressure, Arterial Stiffness, And Insulin Resistance In Obese Prehypertensive Adolescent Girls, Won-Mok Son, Ki-Dong Sung, Leena P. Bharath, Kong-Jib Choi, Song-Young Park

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Childhood obesity is strongly linked to pathological processes for cardiovascular diseases in later adulthood. Obese adolescent girls with high blood pressure (BP) are reported to have increased arterial stiffness, which is associated with the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. The present study sought to examine the impact of combined resistance and aerobic exercise (CRAE) training on BP, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), insulin resistance (IR), and body composition in obese prehypertensive girls. Forty girls (age, 15 ± 1 years; systolic BP, 132 ± 2 mmHg, diastolic BP, 80 ± 5 mmHg) were randomly assigned to either a combined exercise (EX, …

Postural Control Strategies Differ In Normal Weight And Overweight Infants, Danae Dinkel, Kailey Snyder, Victoria Molfese, Anastasia Kyvelidou

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background

Evidence suggests obesity can have a negative influence on a child’s motor development and postural control behavior. Little research has examined the impact of infant weight on gross motor behavior, particularly postural control at the onset of sitting.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine whether normal weight and overweight infants differed in their postural control strategies at the onset of sitting and one-month post onset of sitting.

Methods

29 infants (n = 19 normal weight, n = 10 overweight) were recruited to participate in this study. Infant’s length and weight were measured at 3 months of …

Age-Related Endothelial Dysfunction In Human Skeletal Muscle Feed Arteries: The Role Of Free Radicals Derived From Mitochondria In The Vasculature, Song-Young Park, Robert H. I. Andtbacka, John R. Hyngstrom, Van Reese, M. P. Murphy, Russell S. Richardson

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Aim

This study sought to determine the role of free radicals derived from mitochondria in the vasculature in the recognized age-related endothelial dysfunction of human skeletal muscle feed arteries (SMFAs).

Methods

A total of 44 SMFAs were studied with and without acute exposure to the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) blockade. The relative abundance of proteins from the electron transport chain, phosphorylated (p-) to endothelial (e) NOS ratio, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and the mitochondria-derived superoxide () levels were assessed in SMFA. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent SMFA vasodilation was assessed in response to flow-induced shear stress, acetylcholine (ACh) …

Attention Is Associated With Postural Control In Those With Chronic Ankle Instability, Adam B. Rosen, Nicholas T. Than, William Z. Smith, Jennifer M. Yentes, Melanie L. Mcgrath, Mukul Mukherjee, Sara A. Myers, Arthur C. Maerlender

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is often debilitating and may be affected by a number of intrinsic and environmental factors. Alterations in neurocognitive function and attention may contribute to repetitive injury in those with CAI and influence postural control strategies. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if there was a difference in attentional functioning and static postural control among groups of Comparison, Coper and CAI participants and assess the relationship between them within each of the groups. Recruited participants performed single-limb balance trials and completed the CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS) computer-based assessment to assess their attentional function. Center …

They Just Need To Move: Teachers' Perception Of Classroom Physical Activity Breaks, Danae Dinkel, Connie Schaffer, Kailey Snyder, Jung Min Lee

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to explore 1) perceptions of preschool-8th grade teachers' in regard to classroom physical activity (PA) and 2) multiple levels of factors impacting preschool-8th grade teachers' ability to implement PA into the classroom. Sixty preschool-8th grade teachers from five school districts participated in semi-structured interviews following a guide developed from constructs of the social ecological model. All teachers implemented classroom PA but had varied levels of confidence for implementation. Teachers identified barriers to implementation and requested additional classroom PA resources. Furthermore, they identified collaboration with other teachers as an underutilized resource for promotion of classroom …

Effects Of Hypobaric And Normobaric Hypoxia On Myogenic And Proteolytic Gene Expression In Humans, Caleb I. Ross

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Current research suggests that physiological responses to hypobaric and normobaric hypoxia may be different. It is unknown if these differences extend to skeletal muscle and the transcriptional responses regulating muscle mass. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of hypobaric and normobaric hypoxia on myogenenic and proteolytic gene expression. METHODS: Recreationally trained subjects (n = 15; age = 24 ± 4 y; VO_2max = 3.60 ± 0.83 L · min^-1) completed three trials of 60-min cycling at 70% of W_max followed by 4-h recovery at ambient conditions (975 m), hypobaric hypoxia (4,420 m), and normobaric hypoxia (4,420 m). …

The Effects Of Optic Flow On Locomotor Symmetry, Lauren Bowman

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Walking seems to be an undemanding task; however, it requires a complex ability to adapt to changing environments. Our body relies on feedback from several sensory systems: visual, proprioceptive, and vestibular. When these systems conflict, the body relies primarily on visual feedback. Asymmetrical walking patterns, in both the spatial (i.e. step length) and temporal (i.e. step time) components may result from aging and disease. Learning how vision contributes to adapting to an asymmetrical walking pattern may prove useful in rehabilitating patients with asymmetric walking patterns. Twenty healthy, young adults participated in this study and were separated into two groups, virtual …

A Needs Assessment Of Omaha Service Providers To Better Understand Maternal Well-Being, Tyler Patterson

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Background: In Nebraska just over 14% of mothers have reported feeling down or always depressed during the first year after the birth of their child. Research shows that many women who exhibit signs or symptoms of depression will not seek out help from a professional, with even fewer willing to go on medication. Thus, it is important to examine the current organizations mothers utilize and these organization’s resources for meeting the needs of mothers in the Omaha community. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore service providers’ (e.g., community organizations) perceptions of the needs of pregnant and postpartum …

Engagement Of Latino/Hispanic Msm In Hiv Prevention, Natividad Hernandez

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Nationally, men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be significantly affected by HIV compared to other populations. Surveillance data indicates that in Nebraska, between 2011 and 2015, over 55% of new HIV cases were MSM.¹ More specifically, the majority of new HIV cases in the state of Nebraska are reported in Douglas County.² The rate of Hispanic Latino males living with an HIV diagnosis is 2.3 times of white males.³ Similarly, the rate of Hispanic/Latina women living with HIV diagnosis is 3.4 times that white females.³ It is important to identify culturally appropriate messages …

Patellar Tendon Straps Decrease Pre-Landing Quadriceps Activation In Males With Patellar Tendinopathy, Adam B. Rosen, Jupil Ko, Kathy J. Simpson, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine if patellar tendon straps altered quadriceps’ muscle activity during a drop-jump landing in males with and without patellar tendinopathy.

Design: Case-control.

Settings: Biomechanics Research Laboratory.

Participants: Twenty recreationally-active males participated: ten (age=21.3±2.4 years, height=182.8±5.3cm, mass=81.7±8.6kg) with patellar tendinopathy; ten (age=22.0±1.6 years, height=185.7±4.5 cm, mass=82.2±9.8kg) were healthy with no history of tendinopathy.

Main Outcome Measures: Electromyography (EMG) data for the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles were collected. Five 2-legged 40cm drop-jumps were performed wearing a patellar tendon strap and 5 with no-strap in a counterbalanced order.

Root-mean …