Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Offseason Body Composition Changes Detected By Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Versus Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Collegiate American Football Athletes, Jake R. Boykin, Grant M. Tinsley, Christine M. Harrison, Jessica Prather, Javier Zaragoza, Matthias Tinnin, Shay Smith, Camden Wilson, Lem Taylor

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In American football, offseason training is designed to promote increases in muscle strength and size in athletes. Tracking changes in body composition may confer key information about the effectiveness of training programs to football practitioners. PURPOSE: The present study assessed the relationship between body composition changes estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in football players during the initial period of an offseason training program. METHODS: Body composition in 29 NCAA Division III American football players (mean ± SD; age: 19.7 ± 1.5 y; height: 179.8 ± 6.6 cm; body mass [BM]: 96.1 ± …

Acute Responses In Agonists Of Uegf To Moderate-Intensity And High-Intensity Interval Exercise In Mid-Spectrum Ckd, Kathleen E. Adair, Zacharias Papadakis, Matthew N. Peterson, Cassidy Beeson, James K. Taylor, Burritt W. Hess, D. Crawford Allison, Nick Schwedock, Jackson O. Griggs, Ron Wilson Md, Kathryn Dugan, Kathy Jones, Peter W. Grandjean, Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Urine epidermal growth factor (uEGF) is a novel biomarker utilized in assessing renal health in various renal diseases, specifically chronic kidney disease (CKD). uEGF promotes multiple intracellular pathways, stimulating renal cell growth, survival, and replication. uEGF production is activated by multiple agonists that bind to the uEGF receptor. Aerobic exercise initiates the upregulation of several of these agonists to increase the production of uEGF. Depending on the mode and intensity of aerobic exercise, uEGF agonists may activate differently in CKD populations. PURPOSE: To determine the influence of an acute bout of steady-state exercise (SSE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on …

Analyzing The Between-Day Reliability Of Three-Dimensional Body Scanners For Body Composition Assessment, Gabrielle C. Dehaven, Madelin R. Siedler, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Christian Rodriguez, Dale Keith, Jacob Green, Jake Boykin, Jacob Dellinger, Sarah White, Abegale D. Williams, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In the growing world of health and well-being, three-dimensional (3D) scanning is emerging as a popular tool to assess body composition. While body composition cannot be truly “measured” in living humans, it can be approximated. This, however, leads to two types of errors (i.e., technical and biological) in the body composition assessment. PURPOSE: This study was used to determine what percent or range of percentages in body fat one must exceed before concluding a real change has occurred. By conducting assessments on separate days, with only a short period of time between them, true changes in body composition are …

Relationships Between Functional Performance And Quadriceps Muscle Size And Quality In Healthy Older Women, Ahalee C. Farrow, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ethan A. Mitchell, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ultrasound assessments of quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA) and echo intensity (EI) are commonly used to evaluate lower-body muscle size and quality in older adults. It has been hypothesized that muscle CSA and EI of the quadriceps may be important predictors of functional performances such as gait speed and vertical jump power. However, limited data exist regarding how these parameters associate with performance during a timed up-and-go (TUG) task. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between TUG performance and muscle CSA and EI of the quadriceps in older women. METHODS: Twenty healthy older women …

Sex Moderates The Fitness Tests - Performance Index Relationship In Collegiate Basketball: A Case Study, Nicole Kingsley, Samuel Amsbaugh, Zacharias Papadakis, Grant Morgan, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Performance indicators are used widely in sports, including basketball. Those total performance metrics are mathematical models that are used to determine the “best” athlete per game/week/season. Players with higher metrics get recruited more and/or get offered better contracts. During offseason, strength and conditioning coaches (SCCs) perform tests to determine the fitness levels of their players. Although those scores differ by sex, the fitness levels are associated with in-season sport performance and, therefore, performance indices. More insight in the fitness tests - performance index relationship in the collegiate basketball and the differential effects by sex would be valuable for all stakeholders …

Hemodynamics After Glucose Loading In Hispanics With And Without Family History Of Type 2 Diabetes, Gabriel Figueroa, Ryan D. Russell, Yu Lun Tai

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) increases cardiovascular mortality 4-fold. Although ~9% of Americans are diagnosed with T2D, T2D incidence is substantially higher in Hispanics and those with a have family history of T2D. Traditionally, T2D is diagnosed via oral glucose testing which has been shown to impair microvascular function. However, the effects of glucose loading on hemodynamics and arterial elasticity between healthy Hispanics with and without a family history of T2D are unclear. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of an oral glucose challenge (OGC) and a mixed meal challenge (MMC) on hemodynamics in healthy Hispanic individuals with and without family …

Sex Differences In Absolute And Normalized Rapid Force During Maximal Handgrip Contractions, Alisa Soloveva, Garrett Augsburger, Joshua Carr

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sex differences in strength are well documented. However, the influence of the strength disparity on the absolute and normalized rate of force development (RFD) is not as well described, particularly for the handgrip. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in absolute and normalized RFD between sexes during maximal handgrip contractions. METHODS: During a single visit, 32 right-hand dominant participants (n = 16 males, n = 16 females) performed maximal, unilateral isometric handgrip contractions with their dominant hands. Maximal force, the RFD from 0-50ms (RFD₅₀), 0-100ms (RFD₁₀₀), and peak RFD (RFD …

Intermittent Hypoxia Increases Erythropoietin Levels In Healthy Individuals, Frank Wojan, Sten Stray-Gundersen, Mercedes J. Nagel, Sophie Lalande

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Few minutes of hypoxic exposure stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, resulting in erythropoietin (EPO) gene transcription and production. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to identify the shortest intermittent hypoxia protocol necessary to increase serum EPO levels in healthy individuals. We hypothesized that two separate intermittent hypoxia protocols would significantly increase EPO levels in healthy individuals. METHODS: A total of seven individuals (4 women and 3 men, age: 28±7 years, height: 177±9 cm, weight: 79.7±18.4 kg) participated in the study. In Experiment 1, the spontaneous EPO changes under normoxia (NORM) and the EPO response to five 4-minute cycles of …

A Case Study: Femoroacetabular Impingement In Collegiate Baseball, Candace Parker, Morgan Spencer-Roth

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 19-year-old collegiate baseball infielder who presented with an ongoing pain in his left hip that had originally presented when the patient was in high school. After becoming a member of a collegiate baseball team, his hip pain persisted, followed shortly by a new pain in his right hip. The patient had been dealing with and conservatively treating the left hip pain for a year, and with the presentation of right hip pain during his first collegiate semester a decision was made to visit the team physician. PHYSICAL EXAM: Examination of the patient’s …

Partial Rupture Of The Distal Biceps Tendon In A Collegiate Football Player, Derran J. Strydom, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 20-year-old collegiate football player who presented to the athletic training staff with pain in his left arm near his elbow. He states that he was attempting to make a tackle and that his arm was pushed into hyperextension by another player. He reported discomfort, pain, and numbness in his arm. He attempted to continue to play after completing arm flexion and extension in between plays. His pain levels increased as his range of motion activity continued. The patient could no longer continue during practice and was taken to the medical tent for further …

The Relationship Between Squat Jump Performance And Sprint Profile In Collegiate Track And Field Athletes, Martin S. Dietze-Hermosa, Sergio Rodriguez, Samuel Montalvo, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Nicholas R. Cubillos, Emily Martinez, Joshua Del Rio, Sandor Dorgo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The squat jump (SJ) necessitates the inter-play of various biomechanical components for better jump performance. Good sprint performance requires the inter-play of many of the same biomechanical components. Researchers have previously examined how the speed, force, velocity, and power interact during sprinting, but have yet to examine how these measures are associated with SJ performance measures. PURPOSE: Examine the relationship between squat jump performance measures and the sprint profile measurements of collegiate track and field athletes. METHODS: Twenty-five athletes (18 males and 7 females) completed two squat jump trials with a linear encoder attached to a 45 lbs. …

Differences In Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio Preceding Injury Occurrence In United Soccer League Players, Steve P. Fell, Brennen Hodge, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Professional soccer players are prone to injuries. Training loads (TL), including games, are associated with injury occurrence. Acute:Chronic workload ratio (ACWR), an index of TL, is considered an accurate injury rate metric. In respect to the relationship between injury occurrence and ACWR load obtained using global positioning systems (GPS), little evidence exists in United Soccer League (USL) teams. It is possible high ACWR during the season to lead to injuries. PURPOSE: To investigate the interaction effect of players’ injury status with ACWR of professional soccer players of a USL team. METHODS: In 2019-20, in-season data were gathered from 20 …

Handgrip Strength And Vo2max Trends In Police Cadets: A Case Study, Kendrick Morris, Filip Kukic, Nenad Koropanovski, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Among other components of physical fitness, performance on tactical tasks depends on cardiorespiratory endurance (CE) and muscular strength (MS). Police academies’ curriculum aim to increase cadets’ CE and MS, with males outscoring females in both tests. Curricula should assist cadets to adopt and adhere to a physically-active lifestyle while in the academy and upon graduation, for both health-related benefits and success in their tactical tasks. PURPOSE: To explore both CE-MS and sex trends between a four-year curriculum. METHODS: Retrospective data of 98 males and 79 females analyzed. Besides the senior year, cadets receive physical education classes. This serves as the …

United States Special Operations Command South Training Program’S Effectiveness: A Case Study, Gene Hansen, Steve Fell, Jarrod Lubbers, Mindy Langlois, Jacob Talcott, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

United States Special Operations Command South (SOCSOUTH) plans and coordinates Special Operations to find and fix threats and enable the Interagency, Intelligence Community, and Partner Nations to counter threats to US interests, maintain regional stability and compete in a complex environment. Physical readiness, performance optimization, and injury prevention are critical to the individual operator. SOCSOUTH has allocated significant financial resources associated with operational training and human performance programs in order to improve and maintain operators’ tactical and physical readiness. Whether these efforts are pointed to the right direction are under evaluation. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 3 months’ …

Fear Of Covid-19 And Adherence To Lockdown Deteriorated Police Cadets’ Handgrip Strength Relative To Bmi, Courtnie R. Moodie, Filip Kukic, Nenad Koropanovski, Ana Vesković, Nicola Petrović, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Due to COVID-19 pandemic, police academies enforced lockdowns to protect cadets’ well-being. Fear of health issues (e.g., perceived severity) influences ones’ adherence (e.g., readiness to act) to changes in exercise behavior. According to WHO, modifications in exercise behavior during the pandemic influence health status. A well-established clinical health marker is the handgrip strength relative to body mass index (HS_R). The relationship between fear and physical well-being during COVID-19 is still under investigation. The mediating effect of adherence to COVID-19 restrictions on the fear-health status relationship in police cadetsis unknown. PURPOSE: To explore a) the fear-HS_R relationship and …

Covid-19 Adherence To Physical Activity Guidelines Moderates The Mental Health/Toughness Relationship On Black/Hispanic Females, Melissa Dorvily, Michelle Etchebaster, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Jeff S. Forsse, Tal Amasay, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical activity (PA) improves mental health (MH). Mental toughness (MT) positively correlates to MH. Only 45% of Hispanics and Blacks over 18 years and less than 40% of US females meet the ACSM PA guidelines. PA has been decreasing during the COVID-19. PURPOSE: Investigate during the pandemic the effect of PA adherence on the MT-MH relationship on previously physically active, Black and Hispanic females. METHODS: Fifteen females (age 21.3±3.6 yr), six Hispanic and nine Black, who met the ACSM guidelines before the pandemic, completed the Mental Health Continuum and Mental Toughness Index inventories, while reporting their PA habits during …

Predicting Young Adults’ Intentions And Involvement In Alcohol-Influenced Aquatic Activity, Hannah L M Calverley, Lauren A. Petrass Ph.D., Jennifer D. Blitvich

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Globally, alcohol consumption is a public health issue and a risk factor for drownings among young adults. While studies have identified a prominence of alcohol in youth drownings, little is known about the factors that influence young adults’ involvement in alcohol-influenced aquatic activity. The current study aimed to identify the predictors of young adults’ intention to participate, and past participation, in alcohol-influenced aquatic activity. A reliable and valid survey, informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior, was distributed to young adults (aged 18-24 years) educated in the UK and Australia. Cumulative odds ordinal logistic regressions with proportional odds were …

High Performance: Exploratory Study Into The High Performance Model And Qualitative Secondary Analysis Of Elite Sport Management In The United States, Jon Gregory Hill

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

This dissertation examines the area of high performance in elite sport through high performance professionals’ perspectives in the United States Olympic and Paralympic National Governing Bodies. The study’s purpose was to establish a shared meaning of the high performance sport management model by its elements in the athletic arena. Interviews with 16 high performance directors and managers were conducted to establish definitions, backgrounds, and anatomy of high performance in sport: high performance, high performance sport, high performance management, high performance model.

A qualitative secondary analysis was conducted to examine the high performance model in the U.S. and explore the job …

Learners' Motivational Response To The Science, Pe, & Me! Curriculum: A Situational Interest Perspective, Senlin Chen, Haichun Sun, Xihe Zhu, Ang Chen, Catherine D. Ennis (Posthumous)

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: The Science, PE, & Me! (SPEM) curriculum is a concept-based physical education curriculum that offers students coherent educational experiences for constructing health-related fitness knowledge through movement experiences. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ motivational response to the SPEM curriculum from the situational interest perspective.

Methods: The study used a cluster randomized controlled design in which 30 elementary schools in one of the largest metropolitan areas in the eastern United States were randomly assigned to an experimental or comparison condition. Although all students in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades in the targeted schools were …