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2022

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Full-Text Articles in Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research

One Stop Along The Corridor Of Shame: A Portrait Of Public Education In Marlboro County In The Post-No Child Left Behind Years, Jackson Branch Aug 2022

One Stop Along The Corridor Of Shame: A Portrait Of Public Education In Marlboro County In The Post-No Child Left Behind Years, Jackson Branch

Graduate Theses

In the years following the passage of the historic No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation, South Carolina has dropped to having one of the lowest ranked public education systems in the United States. As many schools in South Carolina are rural and in high poverty areas, this should have been a state where the federal legislation made great strides towards closing the education gap. One of the greatest struggling counties in the state, Marlboro, has seen its share of troubles since the passage of NCLB. This thesis will look at Marlboro County in the post-NCLB years and will examine (1) …


Evaluating The Impact Of Intersecting Research And Outreach Marine Science Programs On Elementary And Undergraduate Students, Randi J. Sims Aug 2022

Evaluating The Impact Of Intersecting Research And Outreach Marine Science Programs On Elementary And Undergraduate Students, Randi J. Sims

All Theses

Climate change is one of the most destructive forces our ocean is currently experiencing. Despite this, many students are not taught the basics of climate change science and ocean literacy in public school systems. My work seeks to combat these deficits through educational experiences in marine science for undergraduate and local elementary students through three studies incorporating marine-science based research and outreach. (1) Through undergraduate marine science research and outreach, students enrolled for long durations or with positive mentorship increased their conceptual understanding of marine science concepts, altered their attitudes towards climate change and science, and were more likely to …


The Effects Of Immersive Virtual Environments On Motivation, Oral Communication, And Instructional Strategy In Efl Classrooms, John Martin Shipko Aug 2022

The Effects Of Immersive Virtual Environments On Motivation, Oral Communication, And Instructional Strategy In Efl Classrooms, John Martin Shipko

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The creation of web-based real-time computer simulations has given language educators incredible new opportunities to create immersive experiences for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. This thesis reviewed 12 empirical studies, 3 previous literature reviews, 3 non-empirical journal articles, and 23 additional background sources investigating the impact of Immersive Virtual Environments (IVE) on EFL learners’ motivation and oral communication in EFL learning. 12 empirical studies were analyzed closely while other sources were used to provide additional information and theoretical insights. The findings indicate that IVEs offer novel ways to connect EFL learners to native-speaking communities where they can acquire …


Case Study: Exploring Inservice Teachers’ Perceptions And Experiences Of The Effectiveness Of Gifted Preparation And Training Programs In Saudi Arabia, Khlood Khaled Alshareef Aug 2022

Case Study: Exploring Inservice Teachers’ Perceptions And Experiences Of The Effectiveness Of Gifted Preparation And Training Programs In Saudi Arabia, Khlood Khaled Alshareef

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In Saudi Arabia, the teaching of gifted and talented students is relatively new, and research that describes the quality and effectiveness of teachers' gifted preparation programs and the training sessions they receive remain rather limited and inconsistent. Purpose: This dissertation focuses on understanding the perceptions and experiences of in-service teachers regarding gifted-focused preparation and training programs in the country. Research Design: Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews with teachers of gifted and talented students in the country. Findings: Analysis of the data revealed six themes related to teachers’ perceptions and experiences of preparation and training programs in Saudi …


Violence In Mathematics Teaching. Reflections Inspired By Levinas’ Totality And Infinity, Adriano Demattè Jul 2022

Violence In Mathematics Teaching. Reflections Inspired By Levinas’ Totality And Infinity, Adriano Demattè

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In mathematics class, violence is carried out in some usually not recognized situations. In this article, I share some reflections on the topic inspired by some passages of Totality and Infinity, work of the French-Lithuanian philosopher Emmanuel Levinas (1906-1995). I find violence by the teacher in not promoting students’ understanding of mathematics, in a distorted use of rhetoric, and in interrupting an ethical relation. This article analyses situations taken from class activities, focusing on the teacher’s presentation of mathematical content and students’ interventions. I also propose that the improvement of interventions in mathematics education is possible and suggest theoretical …


Educators Synchronously Using Multiple Platforms And Devices For Teaching And Learning During Covid-19 Lockdown, Nyarai Tunjera, Agnes Chigona Jul 2022

Educators Synchronously Using Multiple Platforms And Devices For Teaching And Learning During Covid-19 Lockdown, Nyarai Tunjera, Agnes Chigona

Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE)

The 21st century coupled with the COVID-19 worldwide pandemic is indeed imposing new demands on teaching and learning. Higher education institutions affected extensively educational institutions are mandated with the responsibility of inclusiveness and preparing students for realities of the current and unknown future. There has been heightened attention to educational technologies to mitigate the COVID-19 instigated disruptions. To ensure inclusiveness during future pandemics, there is a need to pay attention to the forms of digital technologies that students have access to (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, as well as applications they are using) in their areas. The article reports the use …


Successful Post-Covid Theatre Recruitment And Retention Practices, Biliana Stoytcheva-Horissian, Kevork Horissian, Aaron Scully, Shawna Mefferd Kelty Jul 2022

Successful Post-Covid Theatre Recruitment And Retention Practices, Biliana Stoytcheva-Horissian, Kevork Horissian, Aaron Scully, Shawna Mefferd Kelty

Faculty Conference Papers and Presentations

In the past several years and especially after the COVID-19 outbreak, recruiting and retaining students has become more challenging than ever before. Even before the pandemic, there has been an increased pressure for colleges and universities to be able to demonstrate tangible educational benefits. This has been especially valid for liberal arts institutions and theatre programs since they are considered to be “less practical and useful.” Often students and their parents focus more on securing jobs rather than exploring interests and passions and seem unable to see the connection between theatre education and other careers.

The panel of presenters brings …


A Program Evaluation Of The Multi-Tiered System Of Supports (Mtss) And Its Role In Supporting Students’ Reading And Math Performance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sonia Nistler Jul 2022

A Program Evaluation Of The Multi-Tiered System Of Supports (Mtss) And Its Role In Supporting Students’ Reading And Math Performance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sonia Nistler

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The purpose of this causal-comparative study was to employ a quantitative research study to measure the degree of impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on students’ academic performance and determine the extent to which the MTSS program served to counter the impact of the pandemic on students’ reading and math performance. This study analyzed pre-existing STAR Reading and STAR Math data collected from 7th-grade students at one Midwest public middle utilizing the September (Fall) and December (Winter) scores. The data sets were compared to determine the students’ reading and math performance trends in the three years preceding the COVID-19 …


Culturally Responsive Pedagogy: A Case Study In Georgia, Glenda Johnson - Mapp Jul 2022

Culturally Responsive Pedagogy: A Case Study In Georgia, Glenda Johnson - Mapp

Theses and Dissertations

This study explored the phenomenon of culturally responsive pedagogy to address the problem of limited data to inform best practices in facilitating high teacher self-efficacy with culturally responsive teaching practices. Using a qualitative exploratory case study design with an initial quantitative component, the perceptions of content-area middle school general education teachers regarding culturally responsive pedagogy in their classroom teaching practices were assessed and considered in respect to their reported perceptions of self-efficacy with culturally responsive teaching. The study’s quantitative component used the Teacher Self-Efficacy on Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Scale to assess the perceived self-efficacy with culturally responsive teaching of 150 …


An Analysis Of Retention Through The Perceptions Of Teachers In A Middle Georgia School District, Mark Antley Jul 2022

An Analysis Of Retention Through The Perceptions Of Teachers In A Middle Georgia School District, Mark Antley

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess the initiatives and incentives preferred by certified teachers employed by a Middle Georgia school district with the goal of formulating a plan to retain teachers. This quantitative study looked at factors such as race, gender, age, and grade level of teachers and the statistical significance to initiatives and incentives and the effect on teacher retention. The data from the study was obtained using a survey administered to teachers in the district with various levels of experience.


Fitting The Aqf For The Future: Revising The Aqf Architecture And Taxonomy, Anita Roberts, Louise Wignall, Daniel Edwards Jul 2022

Fitting The Aqf For The Future: Revising The Aqf Architecture And Taxonomy, Anita Roberts, Louise Wignall, Daniel Edwards

Vocational, adult and professional education research

ACER has been contracted by the Australian Government Department of Education to explore potential revisions to the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) based on recommendations of the AQF Review, which was conducted in 2019. During a range of consultations for the project, the team have presented some options for the architecture and taxonomy of the AQF that would introduce changes suggested by the Review. The slides attached here form the ‘consultation pack’ that have guided the discussions in relation to this project.


Informing The Community-Based Learning Experience With Harold Mcnaron And August White, Harold Mcnaron, August White Jul 2022

Informing The Community-Based Learning Experience With Harold Mcnaron And August White, Harold Mcnaron, August White

PDXPLORES Podcast

In this episode of PDXPLORES, Harold McNaron and August White discuss how a collaboration with the American Association of Colleges and Universities will provide new information on how students experience community-based learning at PSU. The data provided by the project will support the University's efforts to improve racial and social justice through community and service-based learning opportunities. This project is supported by the University's Community Engaged Research Academy.

Click on the "Download" button to access the audio transcript.


Analysis Of Educational Eportfolio Use And Discussion On Its Implementation In Chinese Teaching, Peng Zhang, Rui Yang Jul 2022

Analysis Of Educational Eportfolio Use And Discussion On Its Implementation In Chinese Teaching, Peng Zhang, Rui Yang

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Numerous studies have explored e-portfolio implementation research in-depth; it has grown in popularity and become widespread. This study conducted a comprehensive review of the current secondary literature on the use of e-portfolios in education in order to narrow down the considerable volume of research, develop new knowledge, and further offer implications in Chinese teaching. This study synthesized the secondary articles from 2011 to 2021 and analyzed the retrieved data using the SWOT framework. A keyword search for e-portfolio and reviews generated 636 review articles. These papers were then scrutinized to see whether they fit the criteria, and 12 review articles …


Examinees’ Affective Preference For Online Speaking Assessment: Synchronous Vs Asynchronous, Yuxiao Du, Fangzheng Zhang Jul 2022

Examinees’ Affective Preference For Online Speaking Assessment: Synchronous Vs Asynchronous, Yuxiao Du, Fangzheng Zhang

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

With technological advancement and the COVID pandemic, online speaking assessment is increasingly used in language teaching. Two modes are developed: online synchronous testing (direct human-to-human interview) and online asynchronous testing (semi-direct human-to-machine interview). Ample literature has explored how each of the two online modes differs from traditional face-to-face speaking assessments. However, few studies have investigated the differences between the two modes, especially in terms of examinees’ affective preferences. This study, therefore, compares the extent to which each mode is accepted and favored by test takers and explores why such an affective preference emerges. The participants are 46 college students enrolled …


Mindfulness Of Basicpublic-School Principals In The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan And Its Relation To Risk Management From Teachers' Perspective, Ghadeer Abdul Hadi Saleh Al-Lraqbh, Khawla Husain Alaiwa Jul 2022

Mindfulness Of Basicpublic-School Principals In The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan And Its Relation To Risk Management From Teachers' Perspective, Ghadeer Abdul Hadi Saleh Al-Lraqbh, Khawla Husain Alaiwa

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

The study aimed at finding out the mindfulness of basic public-school principals in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and its relationship with the risk management from teachers' prespective. The descriptive correlational methodology was used in this study. The sample of the study consisted of (385) male and female teachers in basic public- schools. A questionnaire was used as a mean of collecting data, after verifying its validity and reliability. The results of the study showed that the degree of availability of mindfulness among the principals of Jordanian basic public-schoolprincipals was high. The implementation of the Jordanian basic governmental school principals …


The Effectiveness Of The Eper Program And Its Relationship To Job Satisfaction Among Teachers Of Unrwa Schools / Jordan Field, Asma’ Yousef Awad, Khawla Husain Alaiwa Jul 2022

The Effectiveness Of The Eper Program And Its Relationship To Job Satisfaction Among Teachers Of Unrwa Schools / Jordan Field, Asma’ Yousef Awad, Khawla Husain Alaiwa

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of the EPER program and in sight of the job satisfaction of teachers in the schools of the UNRWA/ Jordan Field. The study population consisted of (4049) male and female teachers, a sample of (533) teachers were selected in the region (North Amman, South Amman, Irbid, Zarqa). The researchers followed the descriptive correlative approach. A questionnaire was developed consisting of (38) items to measure the effectiveness of the EPER program, distributed over four areas, and (25) items for the job satisfaction tool.

The results of the study showed that the effectiveness of the …


Smart University Requirements And The Degree Of Availability In Jordanian Universities From The Students' Perspective, Mahasen A. Al Hassan, Ali Hussein Houriah Jul 2022

Smart University Requirements And The Degree Of Availability In Jordanian Universities From The Students' Perspective, Mahasen A. Al Hassan, Ali Hussein Houriah

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

The study aimed to identify the requirements of the smart university and the degree of their availability in Jordanian universities from the students' perspective. The study used the descriptive approach, and a questionnaire was developed that was distributed to the sample of (385) students who were chosen by random method. The results of the study showed that the arithmetic averages of the axes of the degree of availability of smart university requirements in Jordanian universities came to a medium degree. It also found statistically significant differences because of gender on the responses of the study sample on the availability of …


How Teachers' Level Of Technology Use Affects Minority Students' Map Scores: A Causal-Comparative Study, Darron Hannah Jul 2022

How Teachers' Level Of Technology Use Affects Minority Students' Map Scores: A Causal-Comparative Study, Darron Hannah

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This causal-comparative study sought to assess group differences between teachers’ level of technology usage and minority students’ (i.e., Black and Hispanic) Measure of Academic Progress (MAP) scores in grades 6-8 in Georgia public schools. This study adds to the body of literature that indicates academic gains from using digital technology in the classrooms and ensuring that digital technology interconnects with quality instruction to drive academic performance for minority students. The current study analyzed Teachers’ Attitude Towards Computers (TAC) and students’ examination scores from the 2021 to 2022 English, Reading, and Math MAP assessment to determine whether teachers’ technology usage level …


Cognitive Conflict Levels Between Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities And Students Without Learning Disabilities, Stephanie Elizabeth Randall Jul 2022

Cognitive Conflict Levels Between Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities And Students Without Learning Disabilities, Stephanie Elizabeth Randall

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quantitative, causal comparative study was to measure differences in the level of cognitive conflict among middle school science students utilizing independent t-tests. This study supports increasing knowledge for middle school science educators and potentially contributes to improved curriculum design and delivery. This quantitative study examined levels of cognitive conflict within a sample size of 28 middle school science students with learning disabilities, with an individual education plan (IEP) or a 504 Plan, compared to a sample size of 28 students without learning disabilities, without an IEP or 504 Plan. This study related social cognitive learning among …


An Exploratory Multiple Case Study Of Discipline Practices In A Major Metropolitan Public School District: A Look Into The School To Prison Pipeline, Neil French, Kristin Calvert-French, Phyllis Jackson, Erin King Jul 2022

An Exploratory Multiple Case Study Of Discipline Practices In A Major Metropolitan Public School District: A Look Into The School To Prison Pipeline, Neil French, Kristin Calvert-French, Phyllis Jackson, Erin King

Dissertations

The school to prison pipeline is a phenomenon fed by exclusionary discipline practices that increase the likelihood that a student will have an interaction with the juvenile or criminal justice system at some time in their life; this phenomenon disproportionately affects Black students. Understanding the problem is key to slowing down the school to prison pipeline. This study of a school district in Missouri explores questions about how interpersonal relationships, implicit bias awareness, and school policies influence the learning environment, and how those factors relate to school discipline, which ultimately can lead to the school to prison pipeline. Drawing data …


Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2021 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg Jul 2022

Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2021 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg

Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities

No abstract provided.


Possible Causes Of Leaks In The Transfer Pipeline: Student Views At The 19 Colleges Of The City University Of New York, A. W. Logue, Yoshiko Oka, David Wutchiett, Kerstin Gentsch, Stephanie Abbeyquaye Jul 2022

Possible Causes Of Leaks In The Transfer Pipeline: Student Views At The 19 Colleges Of The City University Of New York, A. W. Logue, Yoshiko Oka, David Wutchiett, Kerstin Gentsch, Stephanie Abbeyquaye

Publications and Research

Only 11% of community college (associate’s-degree) students transfer vertically and obtain a bachelor’s degree within six years, despite over 80% originally intending to do so. These leaks in the transfer pipeline disproportionately affect students from underrepresented groups, who are more likely to attend community colleges and to leak out of the pipeline. To obtain insights about how to decrease these leaks, a survey was distributed to all City University of New York undergraduates; 31,511 responded. The survey concerned students’ life and academic circumstances, as well as their information about and views on transfer. Analyses particularly compared responses of never-transferred associate’s …


State Of The Methods: Leveraging Design Possibilities Of Qualitatively Oriented Mixed Methods Research, Cheryl N. Poth, Peggy Shannon-Baker Jul 2022

State Of The Methods: Leveraging Design Possibilities Of Qualitatively Oriented Mixed Methods Research, Cheryl N. Poth, Peggy Shannon-Baker

Curriculum, Foundations & Reading: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


The Influence Of A Learning Management System (Lms) And Microblogging On Social Presence, Sense Of Community, And User Interface Satisfaction In A Distance Education Course, Andrew G. Leach Jul 2022

The Influence Of A Learning Management System (Lms) And Microblogging On Social Presence, Sense Of Community, And User Interface Satisfaction In A Distance Education Course, Andrew G. Leach

Organization, Information and Learning Sciences ETDs

The impact of social media on everyday life is undeniable. Social media has transcended its initial purpose of connectivity and branched into other sociocultural aspects. Educators must create a rich and active learning environment where students can actively engage with their educational curriculum. This study used a mixed methods approach to investigate the influence that learning management systems (LMS) and microblogging (social media) have on key elements of distance education design. These elements include social presence, sense of community, and overall user interface design. Students’ perceptions of these elements were collected from students enrolled in a graduate course during summer …


Publication Dynamics: What Can Be Done To Eliminate Barriers To Publishing Full Manuscripts By The Postgraduate Trainees Of A Low-Middle Income Country?, Hafsa Majid, Lena Jafri, Sibtain Ahmed, Muhammad Abbas Abid, Mohammad Aamir, Aamir Ijaz, Aysha Habib Khan, Imran Siddiqui Jul 2022

Publication Dynamics: What Can Be Done To Eliminate Barriers To Publishing Full Manuscripts By The Postgraduate Trainees Of A Low-Middle Income Country?, Hafsa Majid, Lena Jafri, Sibtain Ahmed, Muhammad Abbas Abid, Mohammad Aamir, Aamir Ijaz, Aysha Habib Khan, Imran Siddiqui

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the publication rate of free paper abstracts presented by the postgraduate (PG) trainees and determine the reasons for non-publication. A mixed methods study was conducted. PG trainees presenting free papers at the at the Pakistan Society of Chemical Pathologist conferences from 2012 to 2018 were included. Three databases were searched to identify if the abstracts were published or not. The PG trainee authors of abstracts not published as full manuscript, were surveyed to determine the barriers and challenges in publishing a manuscript.
Results: The average rate of full manuscript publication was 51.8% (n = …


Scholarly Activity In Residency: A Needs Assessment Of Challenges And Proposed Solutions, Jonathan Hall, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Jasmine R. Marcelin Jul 2022

Scholarly Activity In Residency: A Needs Assessment Of Challenges And Proposed Solutions, Jonathan Hall, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Jasmine R. Marcelin

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction

Resident physician participation in scholarly activity is associated with significant benefits ranging from trainees’ personal development to improved quality of patient care. Residency programs have taken varied approaches to improve resident engagement in scholarship, though interventions have demonstrated mixed results regarding objective measures of scholarly productivity. Concerns regarding waining interest in scholarship amongst internal medicine residents prompted a department-wide needs assessment to evaluate opportunities for scholarship and challenges preventing resident participation.

Methods

A web-based survey was developed and distributed to Department of Internal Medicine faculty and residents at the PGY2 level or higher and recent graduates within the last …


Exploring Ungrading In An Elementary Writing Methods Course, Jen Mcconnel Jul 2022

Exploring Ungrading In An Elementary Writing Methods Course, Jen Mcconnel

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

In this reflective piece, I discuss what I learned when I began to implement ungrading practices in my institution's elementary writing methods course. Based on this ongoing experiment, I offer three suggestions for other teacher educators who are intrigued by ungrading but not sure where to start.


Remote Learning - The Future Of Education: Effective Instructional Strategies Used By Parent Educators And Recommendations For Building Capacity, Raelene Ferguson Haugen Jul 2022

Remote Learning - The Future Of Education: Effective Instructional Strategies Used By Parent Educators And Recommendations For Building Capacity, Raelene Ferguson Haugen

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this mixed methods Delphi study was to identify the remote learning instructional strategies used by expert Southern California parent educators for implementing the anticipatory set, modeling, checking for understanding, and guided practice elements of Madeline Cheek Hunter’s Instructional Theory Into Practice (ITIP) framework. The study sought to identify how expert Southern California parent educators rated the effectiveness of the remote learning instructional strategies in the aforementioned elements of Hunter’s ITIP framework. Additionally, the purpose was to generate recommendations from expert Southern California parent educators to build capacity in the identified effective instructional strategies.

Methodology: The classical …


Book Review: Going Gradeless, Grades 6–12: Shifting The Focus To Student Learning, Ana De Jesús, Alesia Mickle Moldavan Jul 2022

Book Review: Going Gradeless, Grades 6–12: Shifting The Focus To Student Learning, Ana De Jesús, Alesia Mickle Moldavan

Excelsior: Leadership in Teaching and Learning

This book review of Going Gradeless, Grades 6–12: Shifting the Focus to Student Learning by E. Burns and D. Frangiosa (2021) provides an alternative pedagogical method to assessment that uses a “gradeless” approach to learning for purposes of removing the stress and negative impacts of traditional grading practices while maintaining accountability with equity in mind. In this review, we describe the foundational underpinnings that frame the book and summarize some of the observed benefits as well as challenges faced by the authors who implemented this approach. We provide an overview of the chapters situated in four major takeaways guiding this …


Shared Voices Of Indonesian Teacher-Educators From Virtual Research-Workshop-Series: Reflections On Covid-19 Pandemic Driven Professional Development, Dyah Sunggingwati, Sudarman Sudarman, Abdul Hakim, Haviluddin Haviluddin Jul 2022

Shared Voices Of Indonesian Teacher-Educators From Virtual Research-Workshop-Series: Reflections On Covid-19 Pandemic Driven Professional Development, Dyah Sunggingwati, Sudarman Sudarman, Abdul Hakim, Haviluddin Haviluddin

The Qualitative Report

This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of Teacher-Educators (TEs) who participated in virtual research-workshop-series as professional development programs. Six TEs, three from natural science and three from social science, participated in a nine-month virtual research workshop series organized by the faculty. In the frame of a case study, the data were gathered from in-depth interviews and a set of questions. The findings revealed that TEs had sufficient research knowledge as they were able to identify good quality of research, read relevant reading research, and signified the importance of research as part of their professional identity. Completion of …