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Full-Text Articles in Early Childhood Education

Tax Credits For Child Care Increase Take Up And May Help More Mothers Work, Gabrielle Pepin Aug 2020

Tax Credits For Child Care Increase Take Up And May Help More Mothers Work, Gabrielle Pepin

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Child Care Subsidies On Paid Child Care Participation And Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence From The Child And Dependent Care Credit, Gabrielle Pepin Aug 2020

The Effects Of Child Care Subsidies On Paid Child Care Participation And Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence From The Child And Dependent Care Credit, Gabrielle Pepin

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The Child and Dependent Care Credit (CDCC), a tax credit based on taxpayers’ income and child care expenses, reduces families’ child care costs. The nonrefundable federal CDCC is available to working families with children younger than 13 years old in all states, and nearly half of states supplement the federal credit with their own child care credits. The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act expanded the federal CDCC in 2003, which led to differential increases in CDCC generosity across states and family sizes. I document CDCC eligibility and expenditures over time and across income and demographic groups. Using data …


Pre-K In The Public Schools: Evidence From Within U.S. States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein May 2018

Pre-K In The Public Schools: Evidence From Within U.S. States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

In the past 15 years, four-year-olds’ enrollment in state-funded pre-kindergarten in the United States has doubled, and advocates have pushed for further expansion. Although research has shown that pre-K programs can have important benefits, most existing studies have focused on small or state-specific programs that may not generalize to other areas or contexts. The uniqueness of our paper is its scope: our data cover the last two decades, span nearly all states, and allow for intrastate variation. For the average state program, we find no evidence of effects on the average student’s test scores, assignment to special education, or grade …


Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Apr 2018

Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Apr 2018

Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Early Childhood Education And Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik Oct 2017

Early Childhood Education And Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Returns To Large-Scale Public School Pre-K Programs: Evidence From Within All States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Mar 2017

Returns To Large-Scale Public School Pre-K Programs: Evidence From Within All States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Presentations

No abstract provided.


What Works In Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik Sep 2016

What Works In Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


From Preschool To Prosperity: The Economic Payoff To Early Childhood Education, Timothy J. Bartik Feb 2015

From Preschool To Prosperity: The Economic Payoff To Early Childhood Education, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Preschool And Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik Sep 2014

Preschool And Prosperity, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

Substantial research shows that high-quality early childhood education programs have a large economic payoff. This payoff is increased earnings for former child participants, increased earnings for parents, and increased earnings for all workers when average worker skills improve. A program package of universal pre-K, combined with child care and parenting support for all low-income families, would cost $80 billion annually. But each dollar invested in this package would yield future economic benefits of over 10 times as great.


From Preschool To Prosperity: The Economic Payoff To Early Childhood Education, Timothy J. Bartik Jan 2014

From Preschool To Prosperity: The Economic Payoff To Early Childhood Education, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Press

Bartik shows that investment in high-quality early childhood education has several long-term benefits, including higher adult earnings for program participants.


Preschool Teaching At A Crossroads, Marcy Whitebook Jul 2013

Preschool Teaching At A Crossroads, Marcy Whitebook

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Local Economic Benefits Of Early Childhood Programs: Investing In Kids, Timothy J. Bartik Mar 2012

Local Economic Benefits Of Early Childhood Programs: Investing In Kids, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


State Economic Development Policies: What Works?, Timothy J. Bartik Nov 2011

State Economic Development Policies: What Works?, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Presentation On Early Childhood Programs And Economic Development To American Chamber Of Commerce Executives Convention, Timothy J. Bartik Aug 2011

Presentation On Early Childhood Programs And Economic Development To American Chamber Of Commerce Executives Convention, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Earnings Benefits Of Tulsa's Pre-K Program For Different Income Groups, Timothy J. Bartik, William T. Gormley, Shirley Adelstein Jul 2011

Earnings Benefits Of Tulsa's Pre-K Program For Different Income Groups, Timothy J. Bartik, William T. Gormley, Shirley Adelstein

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper estimates future adult earnings effects associated with a universal pre-K program in Tulsa, Oklahoma. These informed projections help to compensate for the lack of long-term data on universal pre-K programs, while using metrics that relate test scores to valued social benefits. Combining test-score data from the fall of 2006 and recent findings by Chetty et al. (forthcoming) on the relationship between kindergarten test scores and adult earnings, we generate plausible projections of adult earnings effects and a partial cost-benefit analysis of the Tulsa pre-K program. We find substantial projected earnings benefits for program participants who differ by income …


Responding To Skeptics Of Early Childhood Programs As Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2011

Responding To Skeptics Of Early Childhood Programs As Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


What Works In Job Creation And Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik May 2011

What Works In Job Creation And Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Why Investing In Kids Makes Sense For Local Economies, Timothy J. Bartik Apr 2011

Why Investing In Kids Makes Sense For Local Economies, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Why Michigan (And Other States) Should Invest In Preschool, Timothy J. Bartik Jan 2011

Why Michigan (And Other States) Should Invest In Preschool, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

No abstract provided.


Investing In Kids: Early Childhood Programs And Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik Jan 2011

Investing In Kids: Early Childhood Programs And Local Economic Development, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Press

Early childhood programs, if designed correctly, pay big economic dividends down the road because they increase the skills of their participants. And since many of those participants will remain in the same state or local area as adults, the local economy benefits: more persons with better skills attract business, which provides more and better jobs for the local economy. Bartik measures ratios of local economic development benefits to costs for both early childhood education and business incentives. He shows that early childhood programs and the best-designed business incentives can provide local benefits that significantly exceed costs. Given this, states and …


The Time Use Of Mothers In The United States At The Beginning Of The 21st Century, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel Jan 2010

The Time Use Of Mothers In The United States At The Beginning Of The 21st Century, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel

Upjohn Press

Connelly and Kimmel focus on the time use of mothers of preteenaged children in the United States from 2003 to 2006. They explore how mothers use their time in order to better understand their lives, the lives of their partners, and the lives of their children.


Boosting Michigan's Economy Through Educational Improvements, Timothy J. Bartik Dec 2009

Boosting Michigan's Economy Through Educational Improvements, Timothy J. Bartik

Testimonies

No abstract provided.


Distributional Effects Of Early Childhood Programs And Business Incentives And Their Implications For Policy, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2009

Distributional Effects Of Early Childhood Programs And Business Incentives And Their Implications For Policy, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This is a draft of a chapter of a planned book, Preschool and Jobs: Human Development as Economic Development, and Vice Versa [subsequently published as Investing in Kids, 2011]. This book analyzes early childhood programs effects on regional economic development. This chapter considers the effects of early childhood programs and business incentives on the income distribution. A key issue is whether early childhood programs should be targeted on the poor, or made universally available for free. Relevant considerations in addressing this issue include how benefits of early childhood programs benefit with family income, and the political feasibility of targeted versus …


Introduction: Easing Labor Market Troubles In The Short Run And Developing A Skilled Workforce In The Long Run: Some Ideas Jul 2009

Introduction: Easing Labor Market Troubles In The Short Run And Developing A Skilled Workforce In The Long Run: Some Ideas

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


How Policymakers Should Deal With The Delayed Benefits Of Early Childhood Programs, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2009

How Policymakers Should Deal With The Delayed Benefits Of Early Childhood Programs, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This is a draft of a chapter of a planned book, Preschool and Jobs: Human Development as Economic Development, and Vice Versa [subsequently published as Investing in Kids, 2011]. This chapter considers a problem with early childhood programs: their effects on earnings are mostly long-delayed. The delay occurs because most earnings effects are on former child participants. The chapter considers appropriate discounting of benefits and how the upfront costs of early childhood programs can be delayed or reduced. It also addresses how the long-run benefits of early childhood programs can be moved up or increased.


Social And Economic Indicators Typifying The Community's Health, George A. Erickcek, Bridget Timmeney, Brad R. Watts, Brian Pittelko Apr 2009

Social And Economic Indicators Typifying The Community's Health, George A. Erickcek, Bridget Timmeney, Brad R. Watts, Brian Pittelko

Reports

No abstract provided.


Time Use Of Mothers In The United States: Recent Evidence From The American Time Use Survey, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel Jan 2009

Time Use Of Mothers In The United States: Recent Evidence From The American Time Use Survey, Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Economic Development Benefits Of Preschool Expansion In Kalamazoo County, Timothy J. Bartik Jul 2008

Economic Development Benefits Of Preschool Expansion In Kalamazoo County, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper examines the effects of preschool expansion in Kalamazoo County on the county's economic development. Effects on the county's economic development are defined as effects on the employment and earnings of county residents. The estimated effects are found to be large relative to the costs. In addition to their relevance to Kalamazoo County, these simulations illustrate how the analysis presented in two previous papers (Bartik 2006, 2008) can be done for an individual county or metropolitan area. Such simulations may be of interest to other counties or metropolitan areas that are considering expansions in early childhood programs.


The Economic Development Effects Of Early Childhood Programs, Timothy J. Bartik Jan 2008

The Economic Development Effects Of Early Childhood Programs, Timothy J. Bartik

Reports

No abstract provided.