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Full-Text Articles in Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education
Bilingualism Narrows Socioeconomic Disparities In Executive Functions And Self-Regulatory Behaviors During Early Childhood: Evidence From The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang
Bilingualism Narrows Socioeconomic Disparities In Executive Functions And Self-Regulatory Behaviors During Early Childhood: Evidence From The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Socioeconomic status (SES) and bilingualism have been shown to influence executive functioning during early childhood. Less is known, however, about how the two factors interact within an individual. By analyzing a nationally representative sample of approximately 18,200 children who were tracked from ages 5 to 7 across four waves, both higher SES and bilingualism were found to account for greater performance on the inhibition and shifting aspects of executive functions (EF) and self‐regulatory behaviors in classroom. However, only SES reliably predicted verbal working memory. Furthermore, bilingualism moderated the effects of SES by ameliorating the detrimental consequences of low‐SES on EF …
Does Early Active Bilingualism Enhance Inhibitory Control And Monitoring? A Propensity-Matching Analysis, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang
Does Early Active Bilingualism Enhance Inhibitory Control And Monitoring? A Propensity-Matching Analysis, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Prior research suggesting that longer bilingual experience benefits inhibitory control and monitoring has been criticized for a lack of control over confounding variables. We addressed this issue by using a propensity-score matching procedure that enabled us to match early and late bilinguals on 18 confounding variables-for example, demographic characteristics, immigration status, fitness, extracurricular training, motivation, and emotionality-that have been shown to influence cognitive control. Before early and late bilinguals were matched (N = 196), we found early active bilingual advantages in flanker effects (in accuracy), global accuracy, and sensitivity (d') on the Attention Network Test for Interaction and Vigilance and …
The Effects Of Script Variation, Literacy Skills, And Immersion Experience On Executive Attention: A Comparison Of Matched Monoscriptal And Biscriptal Bilinguals, Sujin Yang, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto
The Effects Of Script Variation, Literacy Skills, And Immersion Experience On Executive Attention: A Comparison Of Matched Monoscriptal And Biscriptal Bilinguals, Sujin Yang, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
To examine script effects, monoscriptal Spanish-English (SE) bilinguals, who use two similar Roman alphabetic systems, were compared to biscriptal Chinese-English (CE) bilinguals, who use logographs and Roman alphabets. On the Attention Network Test, script effects were most evident in global processing efficiency (i.e., inverse efficiency and reaction time) and in the local network of executive control in favor of biscriptal CE bilinguals over matched monoscriptal SE counterparts. Literacy effects were found on the executive control network among Chinese-English bilinguals of high L1-literacy skills over their script- and immersion-matched counterparts, who varied only in low L1 literacy. In a similar vein, …