Education Commons^™

Learning To Be Reflexive In Qualitative Research: Improving Training For Doctoral Students In Business Schools, Eun Su Lee

The Qualitative Report

Doctoral education in business schools is focused on a functional approach to research training. While this approach is necessary, it rarely encompasses reflexivity in qualitative research, despite its importance. This paper provides the groundwork for educators in business schools to reconsider the conventional approach to teaching qualitative methods. It draws on my personal and professional experience as a key resource to shape its examination of doctoral education in conducting qualitative research. The paper offers points of reflection on the struggle students may face in conducting rigorous qualitative research without appropriately understanding the influence of self with previous experience, preconceived ideas, …

Attending To And Transforming Power Dynamics In Translanguaged Research Relationships And Methodology, Sara Vogel

Publications and Research

In this response to Lee (2022), I posit that translanguaging has prompted a re-evaluation of applied linguistics and sociolinguistics methodology in part because the theory has implicated issues of power dynamics and coloniality into the study of language. For this, if researchers wish to conduct research from translanguaging perspectives, it becomes necessary to recognize and attend to power dynamics in research design and methodology. This piece suggests some guiding questions for addressing power dynamics in one aspect of translanguaging methodology — forming research relationships. It explores how, in our relationships to our fields, we might promote answerability (Patel, 2014) for …

Threats To Internal Validity In Multiple-Baseline Design Variations, Timothy A. Slocum, Sarah E. Pinkelman, P. Raymond Joslyn, Beverly Nichols

Special Education and Rehabilitation Counseling Faculty Publications

Multiple baseline designs—both concurrent and nonconcurrent—are the predominant experimental design in modern applied behavior analytic research and are increasingly employed in other disciplines. In the past, there was significant controversy regarding the relative vigor of concurrent and nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs. The consensus in recent textbooks and methodological papers is that nonconcurrent designs are less rigorous than concurrent designs because of their presumed limited ability to address the threat of coincidental events (i.e., history). This skepticism of nonconcurrent designs stems from an emphasis on the importance of across-tier comparisons and relatively low importance placed on replicated within-tier comparisons for addressing …

Artistic Sensibility Is Inherent To Research, Benjamin Charles Ingman

Center for Rural School Health and Education: Faculty Scholarship

Artistic sensibility is defined in this work as the sensitivity and capacity to appreciate and act upon concerns of or pertaining to art and its production. This article contends that artistic sensibility is inherent to research. This contention is supported through three points which reveal a fourth: (1) Research requires dissemination. (2) Dissemination requires representation. (3) Representation requires artistic sensibility. These three points considered in conjunction illustrate a fourth: (4) Research requires artistic sensibility. This argument has implications for research venues, evaluations of research, and the preparation of researchers in all research disciplines. Namely, certain tenets of arts-based research may …

A Comparison Of Factors That Impact Retention Of Nursing Students With And Without Military Experience: A Mixed Method Study, Janice E. Hawkins, Karen Higgins, Jamela Martin, Lynn Wiles, Ingrid Mahoney, Robert Hawkins, Beth Tremblay

Nursing Faculty Publications

Military veteran students have unique characteristics and challenges that influence their academic success. The factors impacting retention of nursing students with prior military experience may differ from students with no military experience. This mixed methods study used an anonymous survey guided by Jeffreys' Nursing Undergraduate Retention and Success Model to identify factors that support or restrict prelicensure nursing program retention of military veteran students compared to students with no history of military service. Statistically significant differences between groups were detected for three factors including financial status, membership in nursing organizations or clubs, and financial aid and/or scholarship. There was a …

Fogler Library: Writing A Research Abstract Workshop, Nancy Lewis, Ally Hammond

UMaine Video

The abstract of your research paper is very important. Its purpose is not only to concisely summarize your work, but also to grab the reader’s attention and convince them that your research is valuable and relevant. An unclear abstract can set the stage for confusion, whereas a polished abstract prepares the reader by telling them what to expect from your paper.

This workshop will show you how to perfect your abstract (with an emphasis on the UMaine Student Symposium’s guidelines). We will begin with an overview of abstract-writing tips, followed by group activities for practice.

About the Speaker: Ally Hammond …

A Study Of Meta-Analyses Reporting Quality In The Large And Expanding Literature Of Educational Technology, Rana M. Tamim, Evgueni Borokhovski, Robert M. Bernard, Richard F. Schmid, Philip C. Abrami, David I. Pickup

All Works

As the empirical literature in educational technology continues to grow, meta-analyses are increasingly being used to synthesise research to inform practice. However, not all meta-analyses are equal. To examine their evolution over the past 30 years, this study systematically analysed the quality of 52 meta-analyses (1988–2017) on educational technology. Methodological and reporting quality is defined here as the completeness of the descriptive and methodological reporting features of meta-analyses. The study employed the Meta-Analysis Methodological Reporting Quality Guide (MMRQG), an instrument designed to assess 22 areas of reporting quality in meta-analyses. Overall, MMRQG scores were negatively related to average effect size …

Designing Research-Based Instructional Materials That Leverage Dual-Process Theories Of Reasoning: Insights From Testing One Specific, Theory-Driven Intervention, Mila Kryjevskaia, Mackenzie R. Stetzer, Beth A. Lindsey, Alistair Mcinerny, Paula R. L. Heron, Andrew Boudreaux

Physics & Astronomy

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Curriculum Development: Theory into Design.] Research in physics education has contributed substantively to improvements in the learning and teaching of university physics by informing the development of research-based instructional materials for physics courses. Reports on the design of these materials have tended to focus on overall improvements in student performance, while the role of theory in informing the development, refinement, and assessment of the materials is often not clearly articulated. In this article, we illustrate how dual-process theories of reasoning and decision making have guided the ongoing development, testing, and analysis …

Fogler Library: Writing A Research Abstract Workshop, Anne Marie Engelsen, Allyson Hammond

UMaine Video

The most important part of your research paper is your abstract. Its purpose is not only to concisely summarize your work but also to grab the reader’s attention and convince them that your research is valuable and important. An unclear abstract can set the stage for confusion, whereas a polished abstract prepares the reader by telling them what to expect from your paper.

This workshop will show you how to perfect your abstract (with an emphasis on the UMaine Student Symposium’s guidelines). We will begin with an overview of abstract-writing tips, followed by group activities for practice.

About the Speaker …

Beyond Acceptance And Commitment Therapy: Process-Based Therapy, Clarissa W. Ong, Michael E. Levin, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Faculty Publications

This article describes process-based therapy (PBT) as a natural evolution toward more effective and efficient mental healthcare. Using acceptance and commitment therapy as an example of an early prototype of PBT, this paper explicates the broader features of PBT and the shift in mindset researchers and clinicians will need to take to fully embrace PBT with respect to assessment, conceptualization, and intervention. In addition, the paper enumerates challenges to implementing the PBT model and proposes recommendations for circumventing these challenges in the areas of theory development, research methodology, and clinical practice. Finally, we make the argument shifting to PBT is …

Predicting Dissertation Methodology Choice Among Doctoral Candidates At A Faith-Based University, Rebecca Lunde, Kurt Y. Michael, Scott Watson, Kelly Paynter

Virginia Journal of Science

Limited research has investigated dissertation methodology choice and the factors that contribute to this choice. Quantitative research is based in mathematics and scientific positivism, and qualitative research is based in constructivism. These underlying philosophical differences posit the question if certain factors predict dissertation methodology choice. Using the theoretical framework of intersectionality, this predictive, correlational study used archival data to determine if biological sex, ethnicity, age, or religious affiliation predicts dissertation methodology choice. A logistics regression analysis was used to review 398 doctoral dissertations and determine if any of the criterion variables predicted dissertation methodology choice. After analysis, it was determined …

Critical Discourse Analysis And Critical Qualitative Inquiry: Data Analysis Strategies For Enhanced Understanding Of Inference And Meaning, Mary Ziskin

Educational Leadership Faculty Publications

This manuscript describes an approach to critical qualitative data analysis that combines (1) Carspecken’s critical qualitative methodological framework (1996; 2012) with (2) the conceptual resources of critical discourse analysis (CDA), as framed by Fairclough (2003, 2016) and colleagues (Chouliaraki & Fairclough, 1999; Fairclough & Wodak, 1997). Carspecken’s methodological theory illuminates the connection between sociopolitical power and culture by introducing the content of validity claims into analysis of discourse. In turn, CDA helps to support the analysis of validity claims in that these are often expressed or legitimated through implicit references, and through the rhetoric, shape, or tone of what is …

Relevance Of The Ies/Nsf Protocol To Identification Of Evidence-Based Practices, Barbara R. Schirmer, Alison S. Lockman, Todd N. Schirmer

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) issued common guidelines that provide a protocol by which the use of particular methodological designs in a line of research inquiry provides evidence for each successive step in the process of bringing any given instructional intervention into practice. Our purpose was to determine if research on two widely used literacy instruction approaches has been conducted at each methodological stage in the IES/NSF protocol and is relevant to identifying the approach as an evidence-based practice. We applied the IES/NSF pipeline-of-evidence guidelines to assess whether practices touted as having a …

How Middle Level Science Teachers Visualize And Translate Motion, Scale, And Geometric Space Of The Earth-Moon-Sun System With Their Students, Jennifer Wilhelm, Merryn Cole, Cheryl Cohen, Rebecca Lindell

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Faculty Publications

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Astronomy Education Research.] We examined teachers’ spatial-scientific reasoning and the alternative conceptions they held regarding Earth-space content. While participating in a professional development (PD) workshop, teachers engaged in an integrated mathematics and science project-based unit designed to foster spatial reasoning and improve lunar-related conceptual understanding. The Purdue Spatial Visualization Test-Rotation (PSVT-Rot) and the Lunar Phases Concept Inventory (LPCI) were used to assess understanding. We found the teachers held similar alternative conceptions as their students. Moreover, we discovered that teachers had limited understanding of the Earth-Moon-Sun scale, motions, and geometric configurations. To …

Spatial Thinking In Astronomy Education Research, Merryn Cole, Cheryl Cole, Jennifer Wilhelm, Rebecca Lindell

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Faculty Publications

This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Astronomy Education Research.] Multiple studies show that spatial thinking skills contribute to students’ performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. The study of astronomy is no different with the understanding of many astronomical phenomena requiring spatial thinking skills. This paper describes traditional and contemporary approaches to characterizing and measuring spatial thinking skills and suggests how they inform research in astronomy education. It summarizes previous literature in astronomy education research and categorizes the research approaches of astronomy education peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings that explicitly consider the role of spatial …

Social Scientists' Conceptualization And Implementation Of Research Ethics And Integrity, Heather A. Pease

Dissertations

The purpose of the current study is to identify core themes, values, and principles through which social scientists conceptualize and implement research ethics and integrity. Periods of rapid growth and interest in research ethics and integrity often coincide with significant scientific discoveries (e.g., mapping of the human genome) or scientific misconduct (e.g., Tuskegee studies). Even though research policies are being developed, they are done in a manner which does not maximize the opportunities to regulate ethics and integrity within social science research. The laws and programs aimed at mitigating acts of misconduct were originally intended for biomedical sciences, yet they …

Protocol For A Systematic Review: Interventions For Anxiety In School-Aged Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd): A Mixed Methods Systematic Review, Petra Lietz, Julie Kos, Katherine Dix, Jenny Trevitt, Mirko Uljarevic, Elizabeth O'Grady

Student learning processes

This review aims to synthesise evidence about interventions to reduce anxiety symptoms in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While clinical studies will not be excluded per se, this review seeks to move beyond interventions that are relevant only for clinical practice and care in clinical settings and prioritise studies that draw out implications for school-aged children that will help their functioning in real-world settings such as school and the home. To achieve this aim, the review will employ a mixed-methods systematic review which can accommodate the anticipated diverse types of available studies. These studies are likely to use …

Melding Data Collection Methodology With Community Assistance: Benefits To Both Researchers And The Indigenous Groups They Study, Douglas S. London

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

I present a description of a model of melding data collection with community aid in the form of health educator training that emerged in the process of research collaboration during 2009-2011 with the Kawymeno Waorani foragers of Amazonian Ecuador. Some guidelines are suggested as to how benefits to both parties might be achieved when collecting data with indigenous populations. In this article I describe some of the advantages and pitfalls of melding data collection and community aid with research when collaborating with vulnerable indigenous groups.

Qualitative Research With Families Living With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Recommendations For Conducting Semistructured Interviews, Elizabeth Kate Cridland, Sandra C. Jones, Peter Caputi, Christopher Magee

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In this paper, the insights and experiences of a research team involved in conducting qualitative research with families living with autism spectrum disorder are drawn upon to provide reflections and recommendations across all stages of the qualitative research process. Particular attention is given to the steps involved in semistructured interviews, specifically, interview guide preparation, participant recruitment, obtaining informed and voluntary consent/assent, conducting effective interviews, accurate analysis and interpretation of data, ways to involve participants in data analysis, effective communication of research findings, and providing feedback to participants. In addition, reflections and recommendations are provided for maintaining researcher health throughout the …

At Issue: A Comprehensive Review And Synthesis Of The Literature On Late Registration, Patrick Tompkins, Mitchell Williams

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

Using a literature review taxonomy described by Cooper and Hedges (2009), an analysis of 32 publicly available studies of late registrations was conducted to provide researchers and policymakers with an assessment of the extent, quality, and major findings of the studies. The reviewer asserted that few high-quality studies have been conducted on late registration, and the research does not provide strong evidence that late registration is associated with poor student outcomes. The review provided answers to the following questions: What does the body of research on late registration indicate about the advisability of retaining it as an option for students? …

Peer Group And Friend Influences On The Social Acceptability Of Adolescent Book Reading, Margaret K. Merga

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Increasing recreational reading is a priority in a climate of growing adolescent aliteracy. Raising the social appeal of books has been identified as one potential avenue for arresting this trend. An understanding of the current social acceptability of book reading amongst contemporary adolescents is important in informing an effective approach to raise the status of book reading, as is insight into how this status impacts upon attitudes toward, and engagement in, recreational book reading. Friend and peer group attitudes may impact upon the palatability of recreational book reading, and this impact may differ for gender. Findings from the 2012 West …

Outcome-Reporting Bias In Education Research, Terri D. Pigott, Joshua R. Polanin, Jeffery C. Valentine, Ryan T. Williams, Dericka D. Canada

Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works

Outcome reporting bias occurs when primary studies do not include information about all outcomes measured in a study. When studies omit findings on important measures, efforts to synthesize the research using systematic review techniques will be biased and interpretations of individual studies will be incomplete. Outcome reporting bias has been well-documented in medicine, and has been shown to lead to inaccurate assessments of the effects of medical treatments and, in some cases, to omission of reports of harms. This study examines outcome reporting bias in educational research by comparing the reports of educational interventions from dissertations to their published versions. …

National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2011 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Eveline Gebhardt, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, Kate O'Malley, Chris Freeman, Martin Murphy, John Ainley

Martin Murphy

This report describes the technical aspects of the National Assessment Program – ICT Literacy (NAP – ICTL) 2011 sample assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. It also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates and calculation of participation rates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration of the …

Longitudinal Stability Of Effect Sizes In Educational Research, Joshua A. Stephens

ETD Archive

Effect sizes are the statistic generated by meta-analyses, a commonly used statistic in education research. Meta-analyses are widely used by education practitioners, administrators, and policy makers as a means to decide best classroom or school practices. It has been suggested by authors in other fields, most notably Jennions and Moller (2001), that effect sizes have declined over time due to various sources of bias. This paper examines the question of whether shifting effect sizes can be observed in educational research and attempts to explain possible causes of this observation. It uses the methodological framework used by Jennions and Moller (2001) …

Diversity In Methodology: Different Possibilities For Data Collection, Analysis, And Representation, David W. Stinson, Erika C. Bullock

Middle-Secondary Education and Instructional Technology Faculty Publications

Mathematics education research over the past half century can be understood as operating in four distinct yet overlapping and simultaneously operating historical moments: the process–product moment (1970s–), the interpretivist–constructivist moment (1980s–), the social-turn moment (mid 1980s–), and the sociopolitical-turn moment (2000s–). Each moment embraces unique theoretical perspectives as it critiques or rejects others. Moreover, because methodology is inextricably linked to theory, each moment calls forth unique methodological perspectives. Using exemplars of research articles from each moment, the authors illustrate how each moment provides different possibilities for data collection, analysis, and representation.

Using Design Experiments To Conduct Research On Mathematics Professional Development, Paola Sztajn, Holt Wilson, Cyndi Edgington, M Myers, Lara Dick

Faculty Journal Articles

In this paper, we propose that the emerging transformation of mathematics professional development from a practice-based to a research field would benefit from stronger connections to research on learning. In particular, we contend that design experiments represent a premier emerging methodology to study learning, and we argue that a better understanding of teacher learning through the use of design experiments in mathematics professional development can lead to improvement of mathematics professional development as both an area of practice and a field of research.

National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2011 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Eveline Gebhardt, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, Kate O'Malley, Chris Freeman, Martin Murphy, John Ainley

Chris Freeman

This report describes the technical aspects of the National Assessment Program – ICT Literacy (NAP – ICTL) 2011 sample assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. It also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates and calculation of participation rates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration of the …

National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2011 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Eveline Gebhardt, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, Kate O'Malley, Chris Freeman, Martin Murphy, John Ainley

Dr John Ainley

This report describes the technical aspects of the National Assessment Program – ICT Literacy (NAP – ICTL) 2011 sample assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. It also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates and calculation of participation rates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration of the …

National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2011 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Eveline Gebhardt, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, Kate O'Malley, Chris Freeman, Martin Murphy, John Ainley

Julian Fraillon

This report describes the technical aspects of the National Assessment Program – ICT Literacy (NAP – ICTL) 2011 sample assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. It also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates and calculation of participation rates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration of the …

National Assessment Program : Ict Literacy 2011 : Year 6 And Year 10 : Technical Report, Eveline Gebhardt, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, Kate O'Malley, Chris Freeman, Martin Murphy, John Ainley

Dr Wolfram Schulz

This report describes the technical aspects of the National Assessment Program – ICT Literacy (NAP – ICTL) 2011 sample assessment and summarises the main activities involved in the data collection, the data collection instruments and the analysis and reporting of the data. Chapter 2 summarises the development of the assessment domain and describes the process of item development and construction of the instruments. Chapter 3 reviews the sample design and describes the sampling process. It also describes the weighting procedures that were implemented to derive population estimates and calculation of participation rates. Chapter 4 summarises the field administration of the …