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Articles 31 - 60 of 62
Full-Text Articles in Education
An Anglo-American Rethinks Native American Education: Can We Avoid Yesterday’S Tragedies?, Mitchell J. Moore
An Anglo-American Rethinks Native American Education: Can We Avoid Yesterday’S Tragedies?, Mitchell J. Moore
Essays in Education
“It’s ironic that Indian people are not allowed to be experts in themselves—it’s usually someone else ‘defining’ the Indian” (Pewewardy, 1992, p.5). Tragically, this is an accurate representation of much of the history of Native American education. Major changes have taken place in the last thirty years to correct this tragedy and to return the education of Native Americans to Native Americans. Progress, however has been slow; years of cultural, geographic and educational genocide by Europeans and Non-Indigenous governments have been difficult to overcome. To understand the historical underpinnings of the modern Native American education movement, three general eras of …
Current Policies And Practices Around Public High School Advanced Mathematics Course Taking, Mehmet A. Ozturk
Current Policies And Practices Around Public High School Advanced Mathematics Course Taking, Mehmet A. Ozturk
Essays in Education
The present article is a national overview of current policies and practices around advanced mathematics course taking in public high schools. It begins with an explanation of the mathematics courses in public high schools. Importance of course taking in mathematics in general and advanced mathematics course taking in particular is highlighted. Then, academic excellence and educational equity concerns surrounding advanced mathematics course taking are discussed. A major part of the article is a detailed account of current policies and practices as they are related to excellence and/or equity in advanced mathematics course taking. Under this section, three topics are discussed: …
The Lure Of Lectures Vs. The Call Of Cooperative Learning In College Classrooms, Mary Ransdell
The Lure Of Lectures Vs. The Call Of Cooperative Learning In College Classrooms, Mary Ransdell
Essays in Education
Cooperative learning, once common on college campuses, lost favor with that population, and gained favor with K-12 educators. However, the academic achievement benefits remain and the focus on cooperation rather than competition appeals to adults. This manuscript argues that cooperative learning strategies are viable alternatives to the traditional lecture format that is worth considering. Whether the strategies occur throughout the entire class period or interspersed with a traditional format, the students benefit. The author explains how she uses cooperative strategies, interspersed with traditional format in a post-secondary setting.
College Marketing And The Academic Structure: Incompatibility?, Thomas J. Kopp, Joseph L. Rosetti
College Marketing And The Academic Structure: Incompatibility?, Thomas J. Kopp, Joseph L. Rosetti
Essays in Education
This paper examines how the consumer model of education has challenged the academic structure in higher education. Through modeling the interaction of institutional structures and the move to treat students as consumers, forces that promote the decay of academic standards are identified. The article then explores how modification of current structures to facilitate development of a student as “partner in production” model of education can inoculate the academic system and promote student learning. It also suggests why the move by accrediting bodies to require outcomes assessment will not improve learning outcomes until the faculty evaluation, tenure criteria, and student performance …
Student And Agency Personnel Perceptions Of The Impact Of Community Service-Learning, Laura E. Schulte, Jarene Fluckiger, Sandra Squires
Student And Agency Personnel Perceptions Of The Impact Of Community Service-Learning, Laura E. Schulte, Jarene Fluckiger, Sandra Squires
Essays in Education
The purpose of this study was to investigate student and agency personnel perceptions of the impact of community service-learning across several different courses at a Midwestern metropolitan university. Eighty-five students and 18 community agency personnel completed the Service-Learning Index. The results of the study indicated that student and agency personnel perceptions of the impact of community service-learning were positive and similar and did not vary across academic disciplines. Perspectives about the service-learning course received the highest ratings from both students and community agency personnel. Recommendations were made to expand the community service-learning program at the university where the study took …
Kondratieff Cycles And Long Waves Of Educational Reform: Educational Policy And Practice From 1789 To 2045, Hasan Simsek
Kondratieff Cycles And Long Waves Of Educational Reform: Educational Policy And Practice From 1789 To 2045, Hasan Simsek
Essays in Education
The purpose of this article is to develop a new perspective of large-scale educational reform as long waves or long cycles in the history of Western industrialized countries (specifically the US). Kondratieff cycles refer to a “law of motion” in the capitalist mode of production: Since the establishment of the industrial capitalism in the late 18th century, capitalism has moved through long waves of upswings followed by long waves of downswings, each complete cycle comprising about 50 to 60 years intervals. So far, four Kondratieff cycles have been identified: 1789-1849, 1849-1894, 1894-1945, 1945-1995. It is argued that we are in …
Communication Technology And Pedagogical Power, Maurice Tardif
Communication Technology And Pedagogical Power, Maurice Tardif
Essays in Education
The ideas put forward here, although supported by empirical studies on the work of teachers and their profession (Mukamurera, 1998, 1999; Lessard and Tardif, 1996; Tardif and Lessard, 1999), examine, mostly from a philosophical and sociological perspective, the foundations of educational communication with respect to the role and meaning of ICTs in education. This article presents a critical reflection, wholly theoretical and non-objectifying, on the relation between ICTs and teaching. Because it is critical in nature, this reflection is not neutral. It is based on suppositions concerning the nature of teaching, and, in broader terms, on human communication and the …
Defining The Role Of Clinical School Faculty In Clinical Experiences: A Redesign Of The Teacher Preparation Program, Amy Massey Vessel
Defining The Role Of Clinical School Faculty In Clinical Experiences: A Redesign Of The Teacher Preparation Program, Amy Massey Vessel
Essays in Education
The Clinical School Faculty member, historically referred to as the cooperating teacher, has emerged through the national redesign of teacher preparation programs as a key participant during clinical field experiences. While the role of the clinical school faculty member has been important to teacher preparation program for decades, the clear definition of roles, qualifications, and responsibilities have rarely been questioned or researched. A compilation of research studies on this supervisor of teacher candidates is presented including findings on selection, competencies, and relationships with other participants.
Utilizing Assessment To Improve Student Motivation And Success, Amy Woytek
Utilizing Assessment To Improve Student Motivation And Success, Amy Woytek
Essays in Education
The process of classroom assessment can serve an important role in enhancing student motivation and achievement. Teachers can help enhance student performance by sharing clearly defined learning goals Through student involvement in the assessment process, students learn to take responsibility for their own learning. This feeling of accountability and control may increase the students’ intrinsic motivation to learn and can heighten success. Also, teachers have the opportunity to help students succeed through the implementation and communication of quality assessments.
Is Your Selection Of Content Delivery Vehicles Closely Aligned With Your Pedagogical Goals?, David N. Yearwood
Is Your Selection Of Content Delivery Vehicles Closely Aligned With Your Pedagogical Goals?, David N. Yearwood
Essays in Education
The instructional techniques utilized by educators are largely influenced by their knowledge and understanding of teaching and learning theories and also by their own experiences as a student. Modern classroom technologies have added another dimension to teaching and learning by virtue of its potential for explanatory and exploratory understanding of course content. However, determining how to effectively utilize such tools in one’s practice may elude educators who lack an understanding of electronic pedagogy—the art and science of teaching and learning with technology. This paper will examine factors guiding classroom practices, the need for educators to have more than a cursory …
Putting Everything On The Blackboard For Teacher Candidate, Ron Tinsley
Putting Everything On The Blackboard For Teacher Candidate, Ron Tinsley
Essays in Education
This article represents the results of action research in the implementation of a web-based communication system in teacher education. The author informally recounts his successful experiment using the Blackboard system to facilitate communication with all of the program’s teacher candidates. Qualitative feedback data collected from student users of the system are featured along with responses from the author, leading to continuous improvements to the site based on the data.
The In-House Two-Year College Legal Counsel, Michael W. Simpson
The In-House Two-Year College Legal Counsel, Michael W. Simpson
Essays in Education
Two-year colleges have many options in obtaining legal services. This study examined one such option: the in-house legal counsel. College boards and administrators need to understand who the in-house counsel are, what role they play, and what they do in order to use and manage college legal affairs.
Benefits Of Teacher Modeling Of Reading And Literature Discussion Groups In A Fifth-Grade Classroom, Julianna Recksiek
Benefits Of Teacher Modeling Of Reading And Literature Discussion Groups In A Fifth-Grade Classroom, Julianna Recksiek
Essays in Education
In an attempt to incorporate research-based strategies including teacher modeling of reading and literature discussion groups into a fifth-grade reading curriculum, a teacher finds her students in a small, southwest town very receptive. This teacher research project involved reading with students while they were reading, as well as reading aloud to students as a regular part of reading instruction. Students also benefited from participation in literature discussion groups centered on a book of their choice. Positive effects on attitudes, reading behaviors, and progress in reading resulted.
Why Is The Study Of Dispositions A Necessary Component Of An Effective Educator Preparation Program?, Paul Erickson, June Hyndman, Paul Wirtz
Why Is The Study Of Dispositions A Necessary Component Of An Effective Educator Preparation Program?, Paul Erickson, June Hyndman, Paul Wirtz
Essays in Education
We’ve all had teachers we’ve loved and teachers we’ve hated. In almost all cases, this is due, not to their knowledge of subject matter, but to how they interact with us—their disposition to teach. Educator preparation programs in the United States reflect high expectations for Professional Educator Candidates in the area of dispositions. This paper discusses various definitions of dispositions and shows how four very different universities, from both the private and public sectors, implement their programs for determining the disposition to teach in their professional education candidates. In this paper we have used the term “Professional Educator” rather that …
Five Attitudes Of Effective Teachers: Implications For Teacher Training, Bonni Gourneau
Five Attitudes Of Effective Teachers: Implications For Teacher Training, Bonni Gourneau
Essays in Education
When preservice teachers or teacher candidates are asked, "Why do you want to be a teacher?” The response is commonly, "I want to be able to make a positive difference in the lives of my students.” Many teacher candidates continue to say they also want to be an effective teacher who will be remembered fondly by their former students. Some want to have a chance to be a better teacher than the teachers they personally experienced. However, many researchers (i.e., Frank, 1990; Fulton, 1989; Goodlad, 1990; Handler, 1993) state the axiom that teachers usually teach in the way they were …
Exploring New Faculty Orientation: The Good, The Bad, And Making It Better, Chlotia P. Garrison
Exploring New Faculty Orientation: The Good, The Bad, And Making It Better, Chlotia P. Garrison
Essays in Education
This article reports survey results of a special segment of academics, those who worked in industry prior to becoming full-time faculty. The survey solicited their opinions on the strengths and weaknesses of university and department orientation programs. The survey results suggest that most institutions have orientation programs and the participation rate is high. Interaction with other faculty and interaction senior faculty were the most frequently selected strengths. Lack of a feedback mechanism was the most frequently selected weakness. Analyses of suggestions reveal eight areas where institutions can assist the general new faculty member, mentoring being the most recommended.
Statistical Significance And Evidenced-Based Policies: A Realistic View, Tara Stevens, Arturo Olivarez Jr.
Statistical Significance And Evidenced-Based Policies: A Realistic View, Tara Stevens, Arturo Olivarez Jr.
Essays in Education
The call for evidenced-based policies in the field of education has prompted the encouragement of a greater reliance on experimental designs. Without an awareness of the limitations of Null Hypothesis Statistical Testing (NHST), these changes will likely fail in making educational research more influential. NHST does not yield practical information. Researchers and educators must work together to develop theory that is meaningful and practical that can be tested and replicated over time. The purpose of this article is to revisit the limitations of NHST while explaining how these limitations are important to practitioners.
Are You Transformed Yet?: Yearning For Change Through Reflection, Don Livingston, Joyce Hiller
Are You Transformed Yet?: Yearning For Change Through Reflection, Don Livingston, Joyce Hiller
Essays in Education
Over a ten week period, two early childhood teacher educators purposefully tried to transform their students’ thinking toward a more critical stance about the at risk discourse. By posing weekly questions to a cohort of early childhood preservice teachers participating in a mentoring program for at risk children, this inquiry into reflective practice sought to find out if intervention by teacher educators would affect a shift in preservice teachers’ understanding of what it means to be placed at risk. Through a two stage reading of their reflections written in response to each question, the authors illuminate the personal and cultural …
The Parent As Consumer: A Conceptual Review Of The Consumer Portion Of The Proposed Consumer-Producer Choice Impact Diagram, Ikwukananne I. Udechukwu
The Parent As Consumer: A Conceptual Review Of The Consumer Portion Of The Proposed Consumer-Producer Choice Impact Diagram, Ikwukananne I. Udechukwu
Essays in Education
This article, as part of a series, expounds on only the consumer portion of the Consumer-Producer Choice Impact model. The Consumer-Producer Choice Impact model was earlier published in Essays in Education, with the title, “The Mechanics of Microeconomic Choice: A school Option Perspective.” While the primary focus of that article was geared towards the Consumer-Producer Choice Impact model as a whole, and in a microeconomic sense, a conceptual review on a portion of that model, consumer section, is bound to expound on the general view of who the consumer really is.
School Psychologists Walking The Talk In Authentic Teacher Preparation Programs, Mindy Sloan
School Psychologists Walking The Talk In Authentic Teacher Preparation Programs, Mindy Sloan
Essays in Education
Knowledge and skills bases once confined to school psychologists are now considered critical to the functioning of effective teachers (CEC, 2003, NCATE, 2003, Wilson, S. M., Floden, R. E., & Ferrini-Mundy, 2001). This paper uses three assumptions to argue for the inclusion of doctoral level school psychologists in teacher preparation programs. The first assumption acknowledges school psychology’s tradition of consultation with teachers (Bardon, 1990, Brown & Pryzwansky, 2002, Conoley & Conoley, 1992). Second, interdisciplinary teamwork is critical to effective educational planning (National Association of School Psychologists, 2003a, 2003b). Rather than merely informing future teachers that they will collaborate with other …
Drop Outs Or Early School Leavers: More Than A Difference In Verbiage?, Emily Alana James
Drop Outs Or Early School Leavers: More Than A Difference In Verbiage?, Emily Alana James
Essays in Education
The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare steps taken in the United States and Ireland to prevent students leaving school without sufficient qualifications. The study focuses on the context and attitudes towards educational disadvantage in the two countries and the subsequent policies. The Bridging the Gap (BTG) project supported by University College Cork highlights an exemplar case study through which educational leaders in both countries have opportunities to learn from each other. Both educational systems face two endemic questions: 1) How to make the best use of educational research bridging policy and practice? 2) How to incorporate …
Cultural Schizophrenia: An Examination Of Societal Practices And Their Academic Consequences, Hakim Shahid
Cultural Schizophrenia: An Examination Of Societal Practices And Their Academic Consequences, Hakim Shahid
Essays in Education
Socio-economic exclusion, unequal schooling, and social reproduction are code words describing facets of racism that subsist in education. As a doctoral student in higher education, I have come to realize that the astonishing depth of the achievement gap that exists in many schools across this nation may be for reasons other than academic ability. In fact, many ill-conceived ideological practices of dominant society have become manifested in the educational psyche of minority students in America. This paper examines the psychological phenomenon that exists in both dominant mainstream and oppressed minority groups that is the life force for this type of …
Effects Of School Size: A Review Of The Literature With Recommendations, John R. Slate, Craig H. Jones
Effects Of School Size: A Review Of The Literature With Recommendations, John R. Slate, Craig H. Jones
Essays in Education
In this article the literature on the effects of school size is summarized to describe what is currently known about its relationship to economic efficiency, curricular diversity, academic achievement, and related variables. Two curvilinear relationships are identified: one for economic efficiency and one for educational outcomes. In both cases, increasing size initially brings positive effects but these trends are reversed as size continues to increase. The point of diminishing returns for educational outcomes occurs with fewer students than is the case for economic efficiency. Optimal school size can be defined by a range in which economic efficiency and educational outcomes …
Rethinking Constructivism In Multicultural Contexts: Does Constructivism In Education Take The Issue Of Diversity Into Consideration?, Gyseon Bae
Essays in Education
This paper is an attempt to understand whether and, if so, how one particular prospective learning theory in education really deals with the issue of diversity. As a prospective learning theory, epistemology, and methodology, constructivism emphasizes non-transmitted ways of classroom instruction, and its conduciveness to student learning has been well documented. However, most research concerning constructivism has been conducted in relatively stable linguistic, ethnic, and cultural contexts; relatively few studies have critically analyzed the process of teaching and learning when constructivism is applied to contexts involving linguistic, cultural, or ethnic diversity. In the paper, the author discusses the major assumptions …
Teacher Education, Critical Pedagogy, And Standards: An Exploration Of Theory And Practice, Lynne A. Bercaw, Lisa M. Stooksberry
Teacher Education, Critical Pedagogy, And Standards: An Exploration Of Theory And Practice, Lynne A. Bercaw, Lisa M. Stooksberry
Essays in Education
Agreeing that a major goal of teacher education is to prepare individuals for informed citizenship in a democratic society, do standards lead toward social change promoting active citizenship of both teacher and student? We approach this question from two perspectives: one is a cultural approach grounded in critical pedagogy and the other is a policy approach based on the use of standards in teaching. We focus on a critical pedagogy in teacher education because of the goal of preparing citizens for participation in a democratic society. Highlighting three tenets of critical pedagogy, (a) reflection upon the individual’s culture or lived …
Online Survey Research Of Faculty Attitudes Toward Promotion And Tenure, Thomas Diamantes
Online Survey Research Of Faculty Attitudes Toward Promotion And Tenure, Thomas Diamantes
Essays in Education
This study is an extension of the preliminary study on faculty attitudes toward the processes of promotion and tenure in higher education. It began when several colleagues banded together and submitted proposals to a national conference establishing a panel to discuss promotion and tenure, which were subsequently accepted. The panel proposal consisted of: (1) a comparison and analysis of the tenure and promotion process at two institutions; (2) an analysis on mentoring a newly hired non-tenured colleague for the academic year; (3) an analysis of being mentored during the entry year at an institution; and finally; (4) an analysis of …
Dunks And Drunks: Depictions Of Drug And Alcohol Use Among High School Athletes In Film, Peter S. Finley, Laura L. Finley
Dunks And Drunks: Depictions Of Drug And Alcohol Use Among High School Athletes In Film, Peter S. Finley, Laura L. Finley
Essays in Education
Mediated portrayals of student-athletes can provide strong role models for realworld student-athletes. This research explored the images of student-athletes in sportrelated films regarding depictions of drug and alcohol use. A content analysis of six sport-related films released between 1994 and 2000 was conducted 1) to address whether such films accurately depicted drug and alcohol use among student-athletes and 2) to consider how these presentations might impact viewers who are, themselves, high school student-athletes. Results suggested that the films reinforced the notion that student-athletes are supposed to experiment with drugs and alcohol as a part of the social role relative to …
School Culture And Change: An Examination Of The Effects Of School Culture On The Process Of Change, Elizabeth R. Hinde
School Culture And Change: An Examination Of The Effects Of School Culture On The Process Of Change, Elizabeth R. Hinde
Essays in Education
School culture is a pervasive element of schools, yet it is elusive and difficult to define. Understanding school culture is an essential factor in any reform initiative. Any type of change introduced to schools is often met with resistance and is doomed to failure as a result of the reform being counter to this nebulous, yet all-encompassing facet – school culture. This article defines culture as it applies to schools and examines the effects of school culture on teachers and schools in general. Underlying assumptions held by school personnel that articulate the culture of schools is also examined. The reasons …
Retain Teachers By Listening To Their Wants And Needs, Katherine A. O'Connor
Retain Teachers By Listening To Their Wants And Needs, Katherine A. O'Connor
Essays in Education
This research study investigated the wants and needs of upper elementary (grades 3-5) teachers to distinguish what makes them successful and satisfied in their current positions. When people are satisfied and feel success at their workplace, they are more willingly to stay in their position. Wants and needs can be perceived differently; however, for this research wants and needs will be treated as the same. This blended research study included a random, stratified, sample.
The Development And Validation Of The Teacher Dispositions Index, Laura Schulte, Nancy Edick, Sarah Edwards, Debora Mackiel
The Development And Validation Of The Teacher Dispositions Index, Laura Schulte, Nancy Edick, Sarah Edwards, Debora Mackiel
Essays in Education
The purposes of this study were to develop and validate a quantitative instrument (Teacher Dispositions Index (TDI)) that measures the dispositions of effective teachers as specified by the Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (1991). To provide evidence of the TDI’s reliability and validity, we distributed the TDI to 105 undergraduate students enrolled in an instructional systems course in a College of Education at a Midwestern metropolitan university. The TDI could be used to assess teacher candidate dispositions over the course of pre-service preparation and to help candidates determine if teaching is an appropriate professional fit.