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Full-Text Articles in Education
Advancing Instructional Leadership: Instructional Coaching Skills Development Through Mixed Reality Experiences, Marjorie Ceballos, Krista Bixler
Advancing Instructional Leadership: Instructional Coaching Skills Development Through Mixed Reality Experiences, Marjorie Ceballos, Krista Bixler
Journal of Educational Supervision
Educational leadership preparation programs are tasked with advancing the development of future educational leaders’ instructional capacities, including the ability to engage teachers in instructional conversations through instructional coaching. The educational leadership program studied here includes a mixed reality experience designed to develop future educational leaders’ instructional coaching conversation skills. Therefore, the purpose of this research study was to examine future educational leaders’ perceptions of the development of instructional coaching conversation skills because of participation in the mixed reality experience. Findings indicated that, overall, participants held positive views of the mixed reality experience in supporting their development of instructional coaching conversation …
Conceptualizing Images Of Supervisors In Teacher Education, Steve Haberlin, Rebecca W. Burns
Conceptualizing Images Of Supervisors In Teacher Education, Steve Haberlin, Rebecca W. Burns
Journal of Educational Supervision
Due to the marginalization of supervision (Butler, et al., 2023; Nolan, 2022) and few frameworks to conceptualize supervision in teacher preparation, educational supervision of clinical experiences receives less attention and fewer resources, which perpetuates its marginalization. It is imperative that scholars develop additional theoretical models or constructs to improve the understanding and practice of supervision to elevate its status beyond technical helping. In this paper, we draw upon several sources in the instructional supervision literature to re-conceptualize commonly used images of supervisors in teacher education. In addition to traditional conceptions (The Critic, the Popular Parent, the Co-Inquirer), we ‘introduce’ two …
Teacher Candidate Supervision For Social Justice: Orientations, Practices, And Challenges, Andrew E. Hood
Teacher Candidate Supervision For Social Justice: Orientations, Practices, And Challenges, Andrew E. Hood
Journal of Educational Supervision
The need for teachers who are thoughtful and attentive to issues of social justice is more apparent now than ever before. Teacher education can and should be tasked with preparing teachers to serve a student population that is becoming more diverse over time. As teacher educators who function within both the university coursework and student teaching fieldwork spaces, teacher candidate supervisors are well-positioned to support candidates to make sense of and incorporate social justice-centered practices in their teaching. Building on the findings of Jacobs (2006), a comprehensive literature review of journal articles published in the last 20+ years revealed that …
Supervision To Support Reflective Practices, Laura S. Miller
Supervision To Support Reflective Practices, Laura S. Miller
Journal of Educational Supervision
There is immense pressure on school leaders to show evidence of continual school improvement. To drive these improvement efforts, there are essential considerations when planning for implementation, specifically the development of a system that supports reflective practices to increase teacher autonomy and improved student outcomes. The research presented in this article explores the attitudes and beliefs that teachers and administrators have for reflective practices through the supervisory actions of administrators in a rural Northern state. The findings from this study include, 1) the importance of a formal leadership role and the lens used when considering evaluative and non-evaluative feedback; 2) …
Early Childhood Supervision: Tensions In The Advancement Of Developmentally Appropriate And Social-Justice Oriented Practice, Sarah Jean Baker, Sascha C. Mowrey, Denise Cunningham
Early Childhood Supervision: Tensions In The Advancement Of Developmentally Appropriate And Social-Justice Oriented Practice, Sarah Jean Baker, Sascha C. Mowrey, Denise Cunningham
Journal of Educational Supervision
This case examines the complex interactions among university faculty, teacher candidates, and school-based mentor teachers during supervision. In early childhood, among other skills and dispositions, the use of developmentally appropriate practice and an equity focus are important to the overall advancement of teacher candidates’ practice. However, supervisors do not have oversight of the classrooms in which early childhood candidates are placed for field experiences. In some cases, teacher candidates may be expected to conform to or demonstrate practices themselves which are not developmentally appropriate, or which are inequitable. What is the role of the supervising faculty member in these cases, …
The Complexities And Discourse Of Supervision For Equity And Justice In Teaching And Teacher Education, Stefanie D. Livers, A. Minor Baker, Patricia Guerra, Melanie Acosta
The Complexities And Discourse Of Supervision For Equity And Justice In Teaching And Teacher Education, Stefanie D. Livers, A. Minor Baker, Patricia Guerra, Melanie Acosta
Journal of Educational Supervision
Supervision is essential to the preparation, support, and retention of teachers and other educational professionals. There are many models and responsibilities of supervisors at all levels. We discuss responsibilities of supervision during teacher preparation, within school contexts, and equity and freedom minded supervision. Additionally, we introduce this special issue. The special issue explores both the complexity and discourse found within situations and contexts pertaining to equity and social justice. Exploring cases of supervision allows for reflection, discussion, and problem solving. Each of these cases call for support and preparation for supervisors as they work within contexts and situations where equitable …
The Restrictive Concepts Of Teacher Evaluation And Their Discourse Communities, Helen M. Hazi
The Restrictive Concepts Of Teacher Evaluation And Their Discourse Communities, Helen M. Hazi
Journal of Educational Supervision
Teacher evaluation is a personnel practice in education and a field of study with multiple discourse communities, including a community in supervision. Many concepts from these discourse communities have influenced practice over time. In this article, I place teacher evaluation as a practice originating in the intersection of supervision and administration, describe its tumultuous relationship with supervision, and identify the many concepts that restrict its practice with examples of scholarship. This article is important “fieldwork” that scholars must periodically conduct on their niche to better understand its audiences, scope, and influences. Examples of fieldwork include: analyses of scholarship, collections on …
Shaping Educator Sensemaking In Complex Systems? Policy-Directed Teacher Evaluation Models As Boundary Objects, Kelley M. King, Noelle A. Paufler, Rachel L. Biritz, Ryan M. Smits
Shaping Educator Sensemaking In Complex Systems? Policy-Directed Teacher Evaluation Models As Boundary Objects, Kelley M. King, Noelle A. Paufler, Rachel L. Biritz, Ryan M. Smits
Journal of Educational Supervision
This study examined a state-wide, policy-directed teacher evaluation model implemented across public schools and educator preparation programs. Such models are grounded in a theory of action that situates teacher learning within social relationships, yet does not account for the complexity of systems. Results challenge policy’s implicit theory that an evaluation model can function as a boundary object to create a common understanding of good teaching and positively impact teacher professional practice. We found contradictory evidence that the model served as a boundary object that facilitated shared sensemaking as mediated understandings of good teaching collided with expectations in classroom contexts.
A Question-Based Framework For Co-Constructing Supervision In Clinically Based Teacher Preparation, Logan Rutten
A Question-Based Framework For Co-Constructing Supervision In Clinically Based Teacher Preparation, Logan Rutten
Journal of Educational Supervision
The field of teacher education has embraced robust models of clinically based teacher preparation. In part because these models rely upon school-university partnerships for which shared missions are an essential component, they also demand increasingly complex, co-constructed conceptions of supervision to support teacher candidates’ learning during clinical practice. However, even as the need for supervision has grown, good supervision is seldom clearly defined. Many supervisors begin supervising largely underprepared for the complexity of their work in clinical settings. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes a framework for co-constructing supervision consisting of four key components—conceptions, models, tasks, and techniques—that …
Developing A Super-Vision Of Education: Oh, No. I’Ve Said Too Much, But Maybe I Haven’T Said Enough, Carl Glickman
Developing A Super-Vision Of Education: Oh, No. I’Ve Said Too Much, But Maybe I Haven’T Said Enough, Carl Glickman
Journal of Educational Supervision
In this personal and candid essay by Carl Glickman, he examines the confluence of early experiences with his evolving concepts and theories of education, supervision, democracy, and school renewal that resulted in his studies, activities, university and school networks and partnerships, and widely read books. He covers the first 33 years of his life including being a child of immigrants and freedom from adults; academics, social life, and speech disability; identity, new worlds, and marriage; the teacher corps and forced integration of schools; the years as a principal of schools; and the origins of developmental supervision; and the significance of …
Semiotic Analysis Of A Foundational Textbook Used Widely Across Educational Supervision, Dwayne Ray Cormier, Toshna Pandey
Semiotic Analysis Of A Foundational Textbook Used Widely Across Educational Supervision, Dwayne Ray Cormier, Toshna Pandey
Journal of Educational Supervision
This article details a semiotic analysis of a foundational textbook used widely across the field of supervision. The purpose of this study was to explore how signs associated with key concepts in education may actualize through the work of supervision. The textbook served as a proxy for supervisors’ professional disposition and subsequent praxis within educational leadership and teacher education programs and U.S. PreK-12 school systems. Additionally, investigators served as proxies for equity-minded supervisors through an analytical framework, which centers race and cultural differences within the broader context of social justice. This investigation drew from the following theoretical constructions: (a) Sociocultural …
Towards A Theory Of Critical Consciousness: A New Direction For The Development Of Instructional And Supervisory Leaders, Shannon R. Waite
Towards A Theory Of Critical Consciousness: A New Direction For The Development Of Instructional And Supervisory Leaders, Shannon R. Waite
Journal of Educational Supervision
COVID-19 and the demand for racial justice caused the dark underbelly of white supremacy to be laid bare during 2020. These events call for a reexamination of the ontological and epistemological frameworks in academe and specifically within the field of educational leadership. The legacy of white supremacist ideology prevails as the existing and accepted ontological and epistemological perspectives of history offered in PreK-12 through post-secondary education. The political, economic, and social context highlights the need for instructional and supervisory leaders to be culturally responsive school leaders. This requires that programs preparing these leaders must grapple with and problematize the existing …
Supervision And Teacher Wellness: An Essential Component For Improving Classroom Practice, Carl Glickman, Rebecca West Burns
Supervision And Teacher Wellness: An Essential Component For Improving Classroom Practice, Carl Glickman, Rebecca West Burns
Journal of Educational Supervision
Teaching has always been a stressful profession, but the additions of high-stakes accountability coupled with a global pandemic have increased stress to unprecedented levels. Thus, supervision must attend to teacher wellness to improve instructional practice. This article offers practical suggestions educational leaders can implement in their supervision to support teachers’ emotional well-being. Those strategies include being humble, giving statements of affirmation and practice, using data to drive inquiry, focusing on strengths, offering concrete suggestions, thinking aloud, re-energizing teachers intellectually, leveraging community resources, and developing teacher leaders. More information about these strategies and other practical ways to support teacher learning can …
Chasing Down The Educational Debt By Centering Race In Educational Supervision, Teresa Lance
Chasing Down The Educational Debt By Centering Race In Educational Supervision, Teresa Lance
Journal of Educational Supervision
Educational professional development is ubiquitous; yet the gains on student learning are minimal as measured by local, state, and federal assessment measures. Although there is widespread agreement that assessment data alone does not tell the story of what students are learning and teachers are teaching, the data is still alarming. Why is there a gap between the billions of dollars spent on professional learning and student learning outcomes? In this article, the author seeks to shed light on this disconnect, offering a framework that links deficit perspectives of Black, Brown, and Indigenous students and opportunity gaps associated with inept monitoring …
On Instructional Improvement: A Modest Essay, Helen M. Hazi
On Instructional Improvement: A Modest Essay, Helen M. Hazi
Journal of Educational Supervision
If we say we ‘deliver feedback to teachers,’ we most likely subscribe to a traditional approach to instructional improvement. In this approach the principal or supervisor treats the teacher as passive recipient who is expected to act on feedback that is too generic to be useful, and promotes a simplistic view of teaching and its improvement. In this essay I examine instructional improvement, a vague and taken-for-granted concept. I then identify what complicates our thinking about it, pose two competing approaches, and acknowledge our challenges. The essay concludes with a call to focus on teacher learning, if supervision scholars profess …
Shaping The Supervision Narrative: Innovating Teaching And Leading To Improve Stem Instruction, Bill Sterrett, Ginger Rhodes, Dennis Kubasko, Angelia Reid-Griffin, Kerry Kathleen Robinson, Steven D. Hooker, Andrew J. Ryder
Shaping The Supervision Narrative: Innovating Teaching And Leading To Improve Stem Instruction, Bill Sterrett, Ginger Rhodes, Dennis Kubasko, Angelia Reid-Griffin, Kerry Kathleen Robinson, Steven D. Hooker, Andrew J. Ryder
Journal of Educational Supervision
This paper offers a model of supervisory collaboration that brings teacher and administrator programs together through a lens of formative evaluation. The roles of teacher and principal must be collaborative to sustain student success, yet the preparation models for those respective positions are often isolated from each other, as varying university departments and focus areas exist in silos. Preparation programs must maximize the clinical experiences of teacher education and administrator preparation programs, with a focus on practical teaching strategies and authentic feedback to pre-service educators and their instructors for reflection and change. This paper overviews a collaborative supervision model and …
Reflections On Supervision In The Time Of Covid-19, Ian Mette
Reflections On Supervision In The Time Of Covid-19, Ian Mette
Journal of Educational Supervision
COVID-19 has completely disrupted the normal patterns and schedules of the American public school system. While schools have shifted to online teaching, an alarming amount of students have disengaged from the instruction provided by teachers. As educators consider the question of why upwards of 40% of students are choosing to not engage in regular instruction, supervisors and teachers across America will need to take long looks in the mirror and ask questions about how and in what ways we have failed our students over the past 20 years since the inception of the federal accountability movement and No Child Left …
A Thirty State Analysis Of Teacher Supervision And Evaluation Systems In The Essa Era, Ian M. Mette, Israel Aguilar, Douglas Wieczorek
A Thirty State Analysis Of Teacher Supervision And Evaluation Systems In The Essa Era, Ian M. Mette, Israel Aguilar, Douglas Wieczorek
Journal of Educational Supervision
We analyzed teacher supervision and evaluation policy systems in 30 states since the passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) of 2015 in the United States (US). This qualitative study of state ESSA policy documents and legislation examined how teacher supervision and evaluation systems (TSES) models have been developed under ESSA, specifically regarding how the construction of TSES models conflated formative feedback with summative evaluation. Despite evolving federal-level and state-level education accountability policies spurred by No Child Left Behind (NCLB) in 2001, we argue that TSES systems are influenced by state-level historical political culture (Elazar, 1994; Fowler, 2013), workplace …
Making A Shift In Educator Evaluation, Diane M. Carreiro
Making A Shift In Educator Evaluation, Diane M. Carreiro
Journal of Educational Supervision
The educator evaluation process can be a compliance task as well as an arduous process causing stress and anxiety for educators and their evaluators. The evaluation process in this suburban district is changing. Educators and evaluators are working together to create a new knowledge base and share it amongst their school community and others. Educators are being allowed voice and choice when determining how they will be evaluated and the areas in which they are going to focus their own personal growth. Teachers are becoming school-based experts on the topics that they are learning and researching. This has allowed for …
The State Of Supervision Discourse Communities: A Call For The Future Of Supervision To Shed Its Mask, Ian M. Mette
The State Of Supervision Discourse Communities: A Call For The Future Of Supervision To Shed Its Mask, Ian M. Mette
Journal of Educational Supervision
This article reviews the various discourse communities that can be found throughout the field of supervision. Over the last several decades, the field has largely struggled with its identity. The struggle to define supervision, as well as supervision scholarship being forced to travel incognito to survive (Glanz & Hazi, 2019), has largely been due to a lack of an academic journal to serve as a publishing venue dedicated solely to issues of educational supervision. As the Journal of Educational Supervision continues to evolve from inception to fruition (Mette & Zepeda, 2019), it is important to keep supervision discourse communities vibrant …
Principals’ Perceptions Of Teacher Evaluation Reform From Structural And Human Resource Perspectives, John Wilson Campbell, Mary Lynne Derrington
Principals’ Perceptions Of Teacher Evaluation Reform From Structural And Human Resource Perspectives, John Wilson Campbell, Mary Lynne Derrington
Journal of Educational Supervision
Driven by Race to the Top funding and quickly designed and deployed in 2010-2011, a new teacher evaluation policy in Tennessee altered principals’ supervisory practices regarding their use of time for observation and reporting, their interaction with teachers, and the methods for giving teachers performance ratings. In addition, student test score data were integrated into final ratings, and professional consequences were linked with those ratings. Researchers in this study followed fourteen school principals over a five-year period to understand how their perceptions of new evaluation policy components affected their implementation. Data were analyzed using the structural and human resource frames …
A Study Of Teacher Growth, Supervision, And Evaluation In Alberta: Policy And Perception In A Collective Case Study, Pamela Adams, Carmen Mombourquette, Jim Brandon, Darryl Hunter, Sharon Friesen, Kim Koh, Dennis Parsons, Bonnie Stelmach
A Study Of Teacher Growth, Supervision, And Evaluation In Alberta: Policy And Perception In A Collective Case Study, Pamela Adams, Carmen Mombourquette, Jim Brandon, Darryl Hunter, Sharon Friesen, Kim Koh, Dennis Parsons, Bonnie Stelmach
Journal of Educational Supervision
Teacher effectiveness has long been identified as critical to student success and, more recently, supporting students attaining the skills and dispositions required to be successful in the early 21st century. To do so requires that teachers engage in professional learning characterized as a shift away from conventional models of evaluation and judgment. Accordingly, school and system leaders must create “policies and environments designed to actively support teacher professional growth” (Bakkenes, Vermunt, & Webbels, 2010). This paper reports on the Alberta Teacher Growth, Supervision, and Evaluation (TGSE) Policy (Government of Alberta, 1998) through the eyes of teachers, school leaders, and superintendents. …