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W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research

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Articles 1 - 30 of 112

Full-Text Articles in Education

Financial Incentives For Adoption And Kin Guardianship Improve Achievement For Foster Children, David Simon, Aaron Sojourner, Jon Pedersen, Heidi Ombisa Skallet Jun 2024

Financial Incentives For Adoption And Kin Guardianship Improve Achievement For Foster Children, David Simon, Aaron Sojourner, Jon Pedersen, Heidi Ombisa Skallet

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Difference-in-differences analysis of linked administrative data estimates effects of a Minnesota policy change that increased the payments to adoptive parents and kin guardians for children ages 6 and older, making them equal to what foster care payments were, but didn’t for younger children. Equalizing payments raised average academic achievement by 31 percent of a standard deviation three years after foster children’s cases started, raised the value of payments by about $2,000 per child during this period, raised the monthly chance of moving from foster care to adoption or kin guardianship by 29 percent, improved school stability, and reduced school suspensions.


Tuition-Free College Options For Michigan: What Policymakers Need To Know About A Statewide Promise Program, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman May 2024

Tuition-Free College Options For Michigan: What Policymakers Need To Know About A Statewide Promise Program, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman

Reports

No abstract provided.


The Kalamazoo Promise: A Piece In The Puzzle Of Housing Preferences, Kathleen Bolter, Alfonso Hernandez Apr 2024

The Kalamazoo Promise: A Piece In The Puzzle Of Housing Preferences, Kathleen Bolter, Alfonso Hernandez

Reports

No abstract provided.


Housing Instability’S Toll On Students: Insights From Kalamazoo Public Schools District Renters, Kathleen Bolter, Val Klomparens, Bridget F. Timmeney Apr 2024

Housing Instability’S Toll On Students: Insights From Kalamazoo Public Schools District Renters, Kathleen Bolter, Val Klomparens, Bridget F. Timmeney

Reports

No abstract provided.


The Columbus Promise: Year One Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Bridget F. Timmeney, Kyle Huisman Apr 2024

The Columbus Promise: Year One Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Bridget F. Timmeney, Kyle Huisman

Reports

No abstract provided.


Policies For Place: How To Make Sustainable Investments In Communities, Kathleen Bolter, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein, Michelle Miller-Adams, Lee Adams, Brian J. Asquith, Alfonso Hernandez, Kyle Huisman, Iryna V. Lendel, Gabrielle Pepin, Bridget F. Timmeney, Beth C. Truesdale, Yulya Truskinovsky Mar 2024

Policies For Place: How To Make Sustainable Investments In Communities, Kathleen Bolter, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein, Michelle Miller-Adams, Lee Adams, Brian J. Asquith, Alfonso Hernandez, Kyle Huisman, Iryna V. Lendel, Gabrielle Pepin, Bridget F. Timmeney, Beth C. Truesdale, Yulya Truskinovsky

Reports

No abstract provided.


School-Based Mental Health Services Can Increase Access To Care And Decrease Suicide Attempts, Ezra Golberstein, Irina Zainullina, Aaron Sojourner, Mark A. Sander Oct 2023

School-Based Mental Health Services Can Increase Access To Care And Decrease Suicide Attempts, Ezra Golberstein, Irina Zainullina, Aaron Sojourner, Mark A. Sander

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Behind The Numbers: Comparing College-Going Outcomes Of Kalamazoo Public Schools To Those Of Similar Urban School Districts In Michigan, Kathleen Bolter, Brad J. Hershbein Oct 2023

Behind The Numbers: Comparing College-Going Outcomes Of Kalamazoo Public Schools To Those Of Similar Urban School Districts In Michigan, Kathleen Bolter, Brad J. Hershbein

Reports

No abstract provided.


Covid-19 And Learning Loss At Kalamazoo Public Schools, Randall W. Eberts Sep 2023

Covid-19 And Learning Loss At Kalamazoo Public Schools, Randall W. Eberts

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Unequal Usage: Geographic Disparities And The Michigan Reconnect Program, Kyle Huisman, Kathleen Bolter Jul 2023

Unequal Usage: Geographic Disparities And The Michigan Reconnect Program, Kyle Huisman, Kathleen Bolter

Reports

No abstract provided.


The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Kps Student Enrollment And Nwea Test Scores, Randall W. Eberts Jul 2023

The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Kps Student Enrollment And Nwea Test Scores, Randall W. Eberts

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This report focuses on the COVID-19 pandemic in the Kalamazoo Public Schools District in Kalamazoo, Michigan, which closed its doors to students from mid-March 2020 to June 2021. During this time, instruction transitioned from face-to-face to virtual, with students having three options for virtual instruction. In addition to individual KPS student data, the study looks at the NWEA national sample as presented in several publications and technical appendices. The study addresses three basic questions, as well as examining students’ race/ethnicity and poverty status, summer learning loss to determine the change in achievement gains, and attendance rates as an example of …


The Kalamazoo Promise: 2022 By The Numbers, Kathleen Bolter, Brad J. Hershbein, Alfonso Hernandez, Bridget F. Timmeney Jul 2023

The Kalamazoo Promise: 2022 By The Numbers, Kathleen Bolter, Brad J. Hershbein, Alfonso Hernandez, Bridget F. Timmeney

Reports

No abstract provided.


The Decline Of Routine Tasks, Education Investments, And Intergenerational Mobility, Patrick Bennett, Kai Liu, Kjell Salvanes Mar 2023

The Decline Of Routine Tasks, Education Investments, And Intergenerational Mobility, Patrick Bennett, Kai Liu, Kjell Salvanes

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

How does a large structural change to the labor market affect education investments made at young ages? Exploiting differential exposure to the national decline in routine-task intensity across local labor markets, we show that the secular decline in routine tasks causes major shifts in education investments of high school students, where they invest less in vocational-trades education and increasingly invest in college education. Our results highlight that labor demand changes impact inequality in the next generation. Low-ability and low-SES students are most responsive to task-biased demand changes and, as a result, intergenerational mobility in college education increases.


Aligning Kresa Efe/Cte Course Offerings With Local Business Needs: Results Of Two Studies, W.E. Upjohn Institute For Employment Research Jan 2023

Aligning Kresa Efe/Cte Course Offerings With Local Business Needs: Results Of Two Studies, W.E. Upjohn Institute For Employment Research

Reports

No abstract provided.


The Free College Handbook: A Practitioner’S Guide To Promise Research, Michelle Miller-Adams Co-Editor, Jennifer Iriti Co-Editor, Meredith S. Billings, Celeste K. Carruthers, Gresham D. Collum, Denisa Gándara, Douglas N. Harris, Brad J. Hershbein, Amy Li, Danielle Lowry, Lindsay C. Page, Bridget F. Timmeney Dec 2022

The Free College Handbook: A Practitioner’S Guide To Promise Research, Michelle Miller-Adams Co-Editor, Jennifer Iriti Co-Editor, Meredith S. Billings, Celeste K. Carruthers, Gresham D. Collum, Denisa Gándara, Douglas N. Harris, Brad J. Hershbein, Amy Li, Danielle Lowry, Lindsay C. Page, Bridget F. Timmeney

Reports

No abstract provided.


College Academic Coaching Can Increase College Success And Later Earnings, Pierre Mouganie, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Geoffrey C. Schnorr Sep 2022

College Academic Coaching Can Increase College Success And Later Earnings, Pierre Mouganie, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Geoffrey C. Schnorr

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


A Benefit-Cost Analysis Of Tulsa Pre-K, Based On Effects On High School Graduation And College Attendance, Timothy J. Bartik, William T. Gormley, Sara Amadon, Douglas Hummel-Price, James Fuller Sep 2022

A Benefit-Cost Analysis Of Tulsa Pre-K, Based On Effects On High School Graduation And College Attendance, Timothy J. Bartik, William T. Gormley, Sara Amadon, Douglas Hummel-Price, James Fuller

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

This paper presents new benefit-cost estimates for the Tulsa universal pre–K program. These calculations are based on estimated effects, from two recent papers, of Tulsa pre–K on high school graduation rates and college attendance rates of students who were in kindergarten in the fall of 2006. In the current paper, educational effects from these prior papers are used to infer lifetime earnings effects. Our conservative estimates suggest that per pre–K participant, the present value of earnings effects in 2021 dollars is $25,533, compared with program costs of $9,628, for a benefit-cost ratio of 2.65. Compared to prior benefit-cost studies of …


Keep Me In, Coach: The Short- And Long-Term Effects Of Targeted Academic Coaching, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Pierre Mouganie, Geoffrey C. Schnorr Aug 2022

Keep Me In, Coach: The Short- And Long-Term Effects Of Targeted Academic Coaching, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Pierre Mouganie, Geoffrey C. Schnorr

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

To boost college graduation rates, policymakers often advocate for academic supports such as coaching or mentoring. Proactive and intensive coaching interventions are effective, but are costly and difficult to scale. We evaluate a relatively lower-cost group coaching program targeted at first-year college students placed on academic probation. Participants attend a workshop where coaches aim to normalize failure and improve self-confidence. Coaches also facilitate a process whereby participants reflect on their academic difficulties, devise solutions to address their challenges, and create an action plan. Participants then hold a one-time follow-up meeting with their coach or visit a campus resource. Using a …


The Great Migration And Educational Opportunity, Cavit Baran, Eric Chyn, Bryan A. Stuart Jul 2022

The Great Migration And Educational Opportunity, Cavit Baran, Eric Chyn, Bryan A. Stuart

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper studies the impact of the First Great Migration on children. We use the complete-count 1940 Census to estimate selection-corrected place effects on education for children of Black migrants. On average, Black children gained 0.8 years of schooling (12 percent) by moving from the South to the North. Many counties that had the strongest positive impacts on children during the 1940s offer relatively poor opportunities for Black youth today. Opportunities for Black children were greater in places with more schooling investment, stronger labor market opportunities for Black adults, more social capital, and less crime.


How The Great Migration Changed Black Children’S Educational Attainment, Cavit Baran, Eric Chyn, Bryan A. Stuart Jul 2022

How The Great Migration Changed Black Children’S Educational Attainment, Cavit Baran, Eric Chyn, Bryan A. Stuart

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


The Long-Run Effects Of High-Quality Pre-K: What Does The Research Show?, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2022

The Long-Run Effects Of High-Quality Pre-K: What Does The Research Show?, Timothy J. Bartik

Testimonies

No abstract provided.


Long-Run Effects Of High-Quality Pre-K: What Does Research Show?, Timothy J. Bartik Jun 2022

Long-Run Effects Of High-Quality Pre-K: What Does Research Show?, Timothy J. Bartik

Presentations

High-quality pre-K results in long-run effects of higher educational attainment, lower crime, and higher earnings for former child participants as adults.


Promise Program Design For Equity Outcomes: A Landscape Survey, Michelle Miller-Adams, Isabel Mcmullen May 2022

Promise Program Design For Equity Outcomes: A Landscape Survey, Michelle Miller-Adams, Isabel Mcmullen

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Using the W.E. Upjohn Institute’s Promise Programs Database—a searchable data set covering about 200 place-based scholarship programs—this paper explores how the design of Promise programs can shape their equity impacts. The authors first examine the landscape of place-based programs to understand the impact of program design on equity outcomes. They then use the statistical method of polychoric correlation to combine design features related to the equity potential of community-based Promise programs and develop an index expressing this concept. They conclude with two vignettes of recently announced Promise programs with different design features and implementation strategies to highlight the varied paths …


The Kalamazoo Promise “Sweet 16," Summary Study Results: 16 Key Findings From 16 Years Studying The Kalamazoo Promise, Kathleen Bolter, Isabel Mcmullen May 2022

The Kalamazoo Promise “Sweet 16," Summary Study Results: 16 Key Findings From 16 Years Studying The Kalamazoo Promise, Kathleen Bolter, Isabel Mcmullen

Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluation Of Communities In Schools Of Kalamazoo, Randall W. Eberts, Zachary Brown Apr 2022

Evaluation Of Communities In Schools Of Kalamazoo, Randall W. Eberts, Zachary Brown

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

This report evaluates the impact of intensive student support services provided by Communities in Schools of Kalamazoo (CISK) to elementary students of Kalamazoo Public Schools (KPS). These intensive services typically follow a case-management format and include activities related to academic assistance, basic needs, enrichment/motivation, and life/social skills. Our evaluation examines the following student outcomes: the value-added of NWEA tests for reading and math, attendance rates, and the number of days of unexcused absences. The first two outcomes, reading and math scores, measure student achievement, and the latter two outcomes measure student engagement and student (and parent) behavior. Although KPS considers …


Promise Scholarship Programs And Local Prosperity, Michelle Miller-Adams, Edward Smith Oct 2018

Promise Scholarship Programs And Local Prosperity, Michelle Miller-Adams, Edward Smith

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

We argue that place-based college scholarships, if designed intentionally and leveraged effectively, can foster local economic development. Since the introduction of the Kalamazoo Promise in 2005, a growing number of communities have applied the place-based approach to investments in human capital through the creation of college scholarship programs. Reviewing the existing literature on educational and economic outcomes associated with Promise programs reveals that they can expand students’ postsecondary aspirations, improve a school district’s college-going culture, and increase college enrollment and degree attainment while promoting in-migration of residents and positive growth in housing prices. Therefore, these programs can serve a broader …


Promise Scholarship Programs And Local Prosperity, Michelle Miller-Adams, Edward Smith Oct 2018

Promise Scholarship Programs And Local Prosperity, Michelle Miller-Adams, Edward Smith

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Pre-K In The Public Schools: Evidence From Within U.S. States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein May 2018

Pre-K In The Public Schools: Evidence From Within U.S. States, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

In the past 15 years, four-year-olds’ enrollment in state-funded pre-kindergarten in the United States has doubled, and advocates have pushed for further expansion. Although research has shown that pre-K programs can have important benefits, most existing studies have focused on small or state-specific programs that may not generalize to other areas or contexts. The uniqueness of our paper is its scope: our data cover the last two decades, span nearly all states, and allow for intrastate variation. For the average state program, we find no evidence of effects on the average student’s test scores, assignment to special education, or grade …


Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Apr 2018

Pre-K Effectiveness At A Large Scale, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.


Degrees Of Poverty: The Relationship Between Family Income Background And The Returns To Education, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein Mar 2018

Degrees Of Poverty: The Relationship Between Family Income Background And The Returns To Education, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Drawing on the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we document a startling empirical pattern: the career earnings premium from a four-year college degree (relative to a high school diploma) for persons from low-income backgrounds is considerably less than it is for those from higher-income backgrounds. For individuals whose family income in high school was above 1.85 times the poverty level, we estimate that career earnings for bachelor’s graduates are 136 percent higher than earnings for those whose education stopped at high school. However, for individuals whose family income during high school was below 1.85 times the poverty level, the career …