Education Commons^™

Putting Muhammad’S (2019) Framework Of Historically Responsive Literacy To Work In Middle Grades Language Arts, Kelsey L. Benson, Matt Brown

Middle Grades Review

Now more than ever, it is imperative that middle grades literacy curriculum invites “students to learn about matters of personal, social, moral, and ethical significance” (Bishop & Harrison, 2021, p. 27). Using a framework for culturally and historically responsive literacy, Muhammad advocates in her groundbreaking text, Cultivating Genius (2019), for curriculum that provides middle grades students space to learn about matters of significance, to name and critique injustice and oppressive structures, and to develop their agency to cultivate a better world. In this essay, the authors discuss the possibilities and challenges that we – one a former interrelated resource teacher …

Communicating Home During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned From A Middle Grades Speech Therapist, Kelsey Jenkeleit

Middle Grades Review

The COVID-19 pandemic changed how communication occurred between parents and teachers. This autoethnography focuses on my experiences as a middle grades speech therapist during the 2020-2021 school year, with a specific focus on parent-teacher communication. Using a Funds of Knowledge framework to help me analyze, understand, and describe communication data gathered over the course of the pandemic, I found that (1) communication increased during remote learning as more parents were home with their children; (2) the folding of work and home presented unique communication challenges, and (3) I felt a yearning for more communication to continue, especially after students returned …

Understanding Middle School Teachers’ Levels Of Efficacy To Meet The Needs Of Young Adolescents, Erika Daniels

Middle Grades Review

Middle school students are in even more need of social and emotional support due to the cognitive, social, and emotional changes occurring at this stage of their development (Caskey & Anfara, 2014), and their teachers are key players in providing what is needed. Unfortunately, there are few Institutions of Higher Education that offer programs or coursework focused on young adolescents’ unique and specific needs (Howell, et al., 2016). This contrast with calls for school contexts that are intentionally designed to support young adolescents (Bishop & Harrison, 2021) and raises questions about whether and how middle school teachers are prepared to …

Reported Benefits Of Yoga In Middle Schools: A Review Of The Literature, Paul Caldarella, Malka S. Moya

Middle Grades Review

Middle school is a time of adjustments in youth: physical, intellectual, and social changes often result in stress. Middle school students are vulnerable to academic, behavioral, and mental health problems. Yoga is an Indian discipline practiced for health and relaxation. School-based yoga programs are becoming increasingly common given their potential benefits for students. We conducted a literature review of studies of middle school-based yoga programs, focusing on the reported benefits for students. We identified and retrieved 12 studies from electronic databases including Education Resources Information Center, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar that met inclusion criteria; (a) examined the benefits of yoga …

“They Always Make It Right. We Can Do That For Everybody”: Young Adolescents Considering (In)Justice When Reading, Caleb Chandler, Kaitlin Wegrzyn

Middle Grades Review

This paper draws on Bakhtin’s (1981) notions of discourse and ideological becoming to investigate how adolescents’ experiences with young adult literature and other texts might inform their thinking around issues of social justice. We engaged in a number of activities with the young adolescent participants: thought maps, illustrations of poignant scenes, written accounts of personal experiences, and focus group interviews. Using these activities as our data for this paper, we explain how the young adolescent participants called upon discourses of social justice to engage in the process of ideological becoming. Thus, the paper concludes that texts have the potential to …

Critical Representation: Mattering & Belonging For Students Of The Global Majority, Rebecca E. Haslam

Middle Grades Review

Critical representation in literature and curricula requires an emancipatory agenda and examination of the ways in which people of diverse racial, cultural, linguistic, and other socially marginalized identities are portrayed, an assessment of how relevant, affirming, and accurate those representations are, and a consideration of the impact on a child’s sense of self and ‘other.’ This essay includes sample audit criteria for critical representation highlighting five sections: Storyline & Sense of Justice; Affirmation & Self-Worth; Relationships Among People; Author/Illustrator Background; and Language & Terminology, all with a focus on ‘mattering’ and holistic wellbeing of students of the global majority. Audit …

Strengthening Middle Grades Education: Editorial Remarks, James F. Nagle, Penny A. Bishop

Middle Grades Review

No abstract provided.

We're Back, Live And Unplugged: Non-Digital Gameplay For Review And Fun, Shawn M. Thorgersen Mr.

Middle Grades Review

During the COVID-19 pandemic, middle grades students spent months isolated and, in many cases, learning remotely from teachers who were themselves scrambling to adapt to new technology. While addressing these experiences will require a multifaceted approach from stakeholders, teachers can help reintroduce students to their classrooms with student-centered, socially interactive, analog-based games intended to reinforce learning and boost engagement. This practitioner paper presents a context and a model for such play based on a popular public domain game that allows for team play, creativity, inculcation, and, frankly, fun while reviewing for mastery. The model affords teachers an extremely low-budget, student-crafted …

Inside Room 111: Being A Responsive Educator Through Fostering An Adolescent-Centered Community Of Care In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cheryl R. Ellerbrock, Ashlee Highfill

Middle Grades Review

The 2021-2022 school year came with the mantra of “learning loss” and the push to fill in the learning gaps and “accelerate learning” at all costs. In an effort to return education to “normal” and reduce learning loss, what transpired for many was a lack of focus on the students’ pandemic experiences and its effect on their lives from a wholistic perspective. Education is at a point where “normal” needs to be re-defined to support students’ needs and their learning, requiring middle level teachers to be responsive educators. Middle level educators can be responsive to their students’ needs is by …

Persisting In The Age Of Covid-19: School-University Partnership To Promote Equity-Oriented Teaching And Learning, Susan Y. Leonard, Gayle Andrews, Allie Loder, Taera Oconnor, Brooke Wilson

Middle Grades Review

The authors describe collaborative efforts between novice teachers and their former university teacher educators who partnered to design and enact equity-oriented teaching and learning experiences for teacher candidates and young adolescents despite limitations, barriers, and disruptions generated by COVID-19. Observations and feedback from students, teachers, and leaders speak to mutual benefits that the partnership generated. Authors will describe their collaborative processes, feature artifacts from the activities, and discuss implications for future practice.

Pandemic Pandemonium: Negotiating Identities As A Middle Grades School Parent, Doctoral Student, And High School Mathematics Teacher, Veronica Cambra-Faraci

Middle Grades Review

This autoethnographic study represents a reflection of my experiences as a parent of middle school children, doctoral student, and mathematics high school teacher through the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Navigating all three identities simultaneously presented many challenges, including fear, isolation, and exhaustion; however, it also allowed me to reflect upon and transfer methods that I perceived as effective from one of my identities to one or more of my other identities. Therefore, this study investigated how reflecting upon my own funds of identity influenced my practices as a high school mathematics teacher during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Are Students' Basic Psychological Needs Fulfilled In Remote Learning Environments?: A Mixed Methods Study, Lindsay M. Griendling, Victoria J. Vanuitert, Sean D. Mcdonald

Middle Grades Review

Self-determination theory (SDT) posits that three basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) must be fulfilled to promote positive outcomes among individuals participating in social environments. Teachers can provide supports to fulfill these needs within classroom environments to help them become autonomously motivated to engage in tasks and activities. Unfortunately, school closures and the shift to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic may have challenged teachers’ ability to create need-supportive classroom environments due to issues such as reliable access to technology, teacher preparedness in facilitating remote learning, and negative impacts to mental health and well-being. However, the extent to …

Educating Teachers And Young Adolescents In The Covid Pandemic: Editorial Remarks, Penny A. Bishop, James F. Nagle

Middle Grades Review

No abstract provided.

Including Students In Anti-Bias And Anti-Racism Work, Nicole M. Thompson

Middle Grades Review

This Practitioner Perspective describes how the anti-bias and anti-racism work began in our school district and specifically how it is going in the school where I work. I am part of the district’s Antibias Antiracist (ABAR) council and involved in bringing this information to the building’s staff, and I am also curious about investigating ways we can invite students into the conversation. Equity work takes time and not everyone feels equipped or able to have uncomfortable discussions with students. Regardless, we have a responsibility to do the work with our students every day. In her 2016 article “Don’t Say Nothing,” …

Creating Brave & Productive Learning Environments For Young Adolescents: Parents’ Perspectives Of Teacher-Parent And Teacher-Student Relationships, Leslie Rogers, Dan Hyson

Middle Grades Review

Teachers are masters of content and of creating connections (e.g., students-content, students-students, teacher-students, teacher-parents). Both impact one’s ability to create and sustain brave and productive learning environments. Teachers connect students to the content, and to each other. At the top of the list of important connections are teacher-student and teacher-parent relationships. In the current paper, we examine these relationships from the perspective of parents of middle school students with disabilities, an under-studied group. We describe theories of learning that support investigating these relationships from parents’ perspectives and outline why this could be an impactful lens for teachers to consider. We …

Mathematics Mobility In The Middle Grades: Tracking The Odds Of Completing Calculus, Kristian Edosomwan, Jamaal Young, Jemimah Young, Alana Tholen

Middle Grades Review

High school calculus has become indispensable for students seeking a college degree in a STEM field. However, in the present study, we argue that the mathematics opportunities that students seize (when afforded) in middle grades are the key to earning calculus credit in high school. To take calculus in high school, students usually need to take advanced mathematics in middle school to take the prerequisite courses. We analyzed the probability of earning credit in calculus based on a sample of (n =17,765) students and their eighth-grade mathematics courses. Using descriptive statistics and odds ratio effect sizes we found that …

The Middle School Concept Implementation Gap: A Leadership Lens, Julia G. Rheaume

Middle Grades Review

Middle school scholars periodically lament the lack of holistic implementation of the middle school concept (Alverson et al. 2021; Dickinson & Butler, 2001; Lounsbury 2013; Schaefer et al. 2016;). The results of a case study conducted in Alberta, Canada (Rheaume, 2018) are compared to a recent examination of the current status of middle schools in America (Alverson et al., 2021) to illustrate common implementation gaps and challenges. Consideration of the role of middle level leadership in supporting the implementation of the middle school concept is followed by a proposed expansion of the developmentally responsive middle level leadership (DRMLL) model (Brown …

#Metoo And The Middle Level, Nicole Hesson

Middle Grades Review

The viral #MeToo movement of recent years eventually moved from adult celebrities to harassment in K-12 schools. While many may think of sexual activity and/or harassment beginning in high school, the truth is that many middle school students engage in these behaviors as well. Adolescents have a natural curiosity about their bodies and burgeoning sexuality, but adults often ignore this. Schools should provide more comprehensive sex education in an effort to better inform adolescents and prevent nonconsensual sexual behaviors among younger students.

The Importance Of Relationships In Middle Grades Education: Editorial Remarks, James F. Nagle, Penny A. Bishop

Middle Grades Review

No abstract provided.

School Farms And Stem: Using Institutional Resources To Promote Deeper Learning, Catherine Clare Knowlton

Food Systems Master's Project Reports

Given the structural problems in education laid bare by the recent pandemic, we as a community of educators need to re-evaluate goals for secondary science education. Specifically, classrooms and course content must evolve to become more socially responsive, inclusive, and interdisciplinary. Agricultural education is a demonstrably effective way to boost STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) comprehension as well as SEL (social-emotional learning) skills building. In this study, I use qualitative interview methods to assess current agricultural coursework at independent schools around New England. Results show intriguing themes stemming from designing and implementing farm-based courses, although there are logistical barriers …

Social Justice And The Us Food System: A Critical Course On The Human Dimensions Of Food, Ali Brooks

Food Systems Master's Project Reports

Our world is made up of overlapping political, environmental, and economic spheres that engender social injustice and inequality. Though separate societal issues can seem divergent and unconnected, they are all linked together by one universal necessity: food. Because everyone eats, everyone is connected to—and dependent on—food and the systems that govern it. However, the impacts of our industrial food system are not felt equally among people who hold different positions of power within it.

Today’s industrial food complex operates on the capitalist principle of profit accumulation through exploitation, commodification, and extraction. This set of relations is not defined by scale …

New Connections

The Vermont Connection

No abstract provided.

Hope And Disillusionment In The University, Mattie Schaefer

The Vermont Connection

No abstract provided.

Exiting The Pandemic: A Leadership Approach To Critical Engagement And Change, J Kevin Fisher, Joan Seamster

The Vermont Connection

Navigating in uncertain times is an understatement for leaders in higher education. There is no playbook for today’s institutional challenges. Student needs, administrative requirements, faculty demands, and community relations all warrant to fresh look into how institutions address the risks that threaten business as usual. COVID-19 has challenged the status quo – shaking established methods of conducting and promoting higher education to its core. Do the higher education community and all it constitutes realize it? Will leadership in higher education take the necessary steps to bring all stakeholders together to shape the path to the future? To answer these questions, …

800 Miles In Transition, Lexi Kane, Cristina Vega

The Vermont Connection

Currently we find ourselves in a moment of transition, what initially seemed like a match made in graduate assistantship /supervisor bliss would quickly become 800 miles of change. Transitions are often two fold - full of hope and grief as we long for all that is next and reflect on the things we left behind. However, our shared experience of how it feels to be BIPOC in predominantly white institutions, and how identity plays a role in either assimilating or resisting the structure at hand is what led to our dynamic relationship.

Toxic Rhetoric: Unpacking Discussions Of Self-Care, Dana K. Prisloe

The Vermont Connection

Self-care is a principle of the student affairs profession that has constantly been praised and espoused as necessary for effective work. Countless literature describes the benefits of self care, but little has been written about the demanding nature of student affairs that requires self-care in the first place. Rather than examining the system that overworks its professionals, scholars tend to accept this culture and tout self-care as a coping strategy to prevent burnout. However, self-care rhetoric often comes from a place of ableism and privilege and ignores marginalized identities. Additionally, using self-care as a tool to be better role models …

The Lights Are Too Loud: Neurodivergence In The Student Affairs Profession, Emily V. Rasch

The Vermont Connection

Much of the current scholarly literature on neurodiversity in higher education tends to focus solely on the experiences of neurodiverse students. There is a significant gap in the literature that highlights how neurodiverse professionals survive and thrive in careers in higher education. Utilizing the Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) Methodology, this paper aims to address the current literature gap by using the existing research, coupled with the author's personal experiences, to emphasize the unique needs of neurodiverse people on college campuses. The author offers recommendations for stakeholders in higher education to create equitable and accessible spaces for neurodiverse people on campus. …

The Autistic's Guide To Working In Residential Life, Catherine Meyer

The Vermont Connection

No abstract provided.

The Need For Liberatory Understandings Of Queer And Trans Identity Development: A Critical Review Of Identity Development Models, Max Cordes Galbraith

The Vermont Connection

Canonical identity development models applied to queer and trans students' experiences are insufficient, hierarchical, and antithetical to a contemporary understanding of queerness and transness. In this article, I critique four canonical sexual identity and gender & gender identity development models and explore how these models erase queer and trans students’ identities and experiences, using my own experiences as a source for critique. Then, I uplift implications for queer and trans-centered theory and for supporting queer and trans students.

Institutionalized Erasure: The Influence Of Binarism On Nonbinary College Students, Max Cordes Galbraith

The Vermont Connection

The narratives and experiences of nonbinary people and nonbinary college students are still infrequent in scholarship and are viewed as abnormal, niche experiences. Normative ideals are further enforced by the severe lack of nonbinary scholars and researchers. In this paper, I name the challenges of normativity and use the existing literature to explore current obstacles to nonbinary students’ senses of liberation, safety, and belonging at their institutions of higher education. I use normativity, specifically transnormativity, and binarism frameworks to explore barriers to nonbinary students’ liberation and full engagement in higher education, and the uniqueness of nonbinary students’ experiences compared to …